FR2645622A1 - Method for dispensing hydrogen with safety measure - Google Patents

Method for dispensing hydrogen with safety measure Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2645622A1
FR2645622A1 FR8904673A FR8904673A FR2645622A1 FR 2645622 A1 FR2645622 A1 FR 2645622A1 FR 8904673 A FR8904673 A FR 8904673A FR 8904673 A FR8904673 A FR 8904673A FR 2645622 A1 FR2645622 A1 FR 2645622A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
product
applications
distribution
odoriferous
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FR8904673A
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French (fr)
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FR2645622B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Ecalle
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Air Liquide SA
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Air Liquide SA
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Priority to FR8904673A priority Critical patent/FR2645622B1/en
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Publication of FR2645622B1 publication Critical patent/FR2645622B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17DPIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Method for dispensing industrial hydrogen, in particular for heat treatment of metals, such as annealed metals, of the type in which a hydrogen store is used, in particular in liquid form, at the place of use, which is vaporised on demand, the said hydrogen being conveyed by a pipeline to the installation where it is used, characterised in that, upstream of the pipes supplying the installations which can utilise hydrogen gas which is not strictly pure, an odorous gaseous product is added, such as a mercaptan, a thiophane, or a product known under the name "TBM".

Description

L'invention concerne la distribution d'hydrogène industriel, notamment en application de traitement thermique tel recuit de tôle d'acier, du genre où l'on dispose d'un stockage d'hydrogène, par exemple d'hydrogène liquide vaporisé à la demande, que l'on conduit par canalisation vers l'installation de mise en oeuvre. The invention relates to the distribution of industrial hydrogen, in particular in the application of heat treatment such as annealing of steel sheet, of the kind where there is a storage of hydrogen, for example of liquid hydrogen vaporized on demand. , which is driven by pipeline to the installation installation.

Avec le développement des gaz dont certains sont dangereux, on a été anené à prendre parfois des mesures draconiennes de sécurité, notamment dans l'industrie électronique, où l'on met en oeuvre des dispositifs d'alarme détectant toute fuite de gaz toxique. Mais de tels moyens de sécurité ne peuvent pas être mis en oeuvre sur certains sites d'utilisation en industrie lourde, carme c'est le cas des traitements thermiques, car ces installations ne se prêtent pas, du fait de leur extension dimentionnelle, à la mise en place de détecteurs de fuites d'hydrogè.  With the development of gases, some of which are dangerous, we have sometimes been led to take drastic safety measures, particularly in the electronics industry, where alarm devices detecting any toxic gas leak are used. However, such security means cannot be implemented on certain sites of use in heavy industry, as is the case with heat treatments, because these installations do not lend themselves, due to their dimensional extension, to the installation of hydrogen leak detectors.

D'autre part, dans le cas de gaz naturel distribué par réseaux aux foyers domestiques ou industriels, on dilue bien dans ce gaz naturel servant exclusivement à la combustion un produit odoriférant qui permet d'alerter I'usager en cas de fuite accidentelle. Cependant bien que le gaz hydrogène soit également assez souvent distribué par réseau à différents utilisateurs industriels, on a été dissuadé d'appliquer 9 ce type de distribution d'hydrogène les mesures de sécurité effectives dans la distribution de gaz naturel aux foyers danestiques, car certaines applications, dont les promoteurs sont désservis par ces réseaux de distribution d'hydrogène, inpliquent des gaz, notamment l'hydrogène, à l'état de haute pureté, comne c'est le cas en industrie électronique. On the other hand, in the case of natural gas distributed by networks to domestic or industrial homes, it is well diluted in this natural gas used exclusively for combustion an odoriferous product which makes it possible to alert the user in the event of accidental leakage. However, although hydrogen gas is also quite often distributed by network to different industrial users, it has been dissuaded from applying this type of hydrogen distribution the effective safety measures in the distribution of natural gas to domestic households, because some applications, whose promoters are served by these hydrogen distribution networks, involve gases, in particular hydrogen, in the high purity state, as is the case in the electronics industry.

C'est le mérite essentiel de la présente invention d'avoir discerné que le problème de la sécurité de la distribution de l'hydrogène se posait dans des conditions fort différentes dans de nombreuses applications où l'on prélève l'hydrogène, non plus à partir d'un réseau de distribution à pluralité d'utilisateurs, mais à partir de stockages individuels, le cas échéant à l'état liquide pour être vaporisé à la demande, placés sur le site d'utilisation lui-même et dont l'usager industriel peut lui-même, si l'application s'y prète, adjoindre, à l'amont des conduites d'alimentation, un produit odoriférant, tel un mercaptan, un thiophane ou un produit connu sous la dénomination '5EET'.  It is the essential merit of the present invention to have discerned that the problem of the safety of the distribution of hydrogen was posed under very different conditions in many applications where the hydrogen is withdrawn, no longer at from a distribution network with multiple users, but from individual storage, if necessary in a liquid state to be vaporized on demand, placed on the site of use itself and whose user industrialists can themselves, if the application is suitable, add, upstream of the supply lines, an odoriferous product, such as a mercaptan, a thiophane or a product known under the name '5EET'.

Il est particulièrement significatif de noter que, précisément en application thermique de recuit de métaux, on a déjà proposé d'adjoindre, à des taux de 0,5 à 50 ppn, de l'hydrogène sulfuré à l'atmosphère de recuit constituée alors d'azote avec 3 à 6 % d'hydrogène, comne le note la Société NIPPON SIEEL Corporation Ltd dans son brevet japonais 73.59021 du 21 novembre 1971 (voir résumé de ce brevet dans CIT nO 9, 1977, pages 2113 à 2117). plais cette adjonction d'hydrogène sulfuré à l'atmosphère du four avait pour but exclusif d'éliminer la formation de points de graphitisation à la surface des tôles. En fait, on propose dans ce docunent d'ajouter un inhibiteur de graphitisation sous forme gazeuse à l'atmosphère du four.Et bien entendu, à ce niveau d'intervention, l'hydrogène sulfuré est dissocié ou en tout cas éliminé de façon sûre et définitive du four par rejet en cheminée ou par décolposition par combustion. It is particularly significant to note that, precisely in thermal annealing of metals, it has already been proposed to add, at rates of 0.5 to 50 ppn, hydrogen sulfide to the annealing atmosphere then constituted by nitrogen with 3 to 6% hydrogen, as noted by the company NIPPON SIEEL Corporation Ltd in its Japanese patent 73.59021 of November 21, 1971 (see summary of this patent in CIT no. 9, 1977, pages 2113 to 2117). please this addition of hydrogen sulfide to the atmosphere of the furnace had the sole purpose of eliminating the formation of graphitization points on the surface of the sheets. In fact, it is proposed in this document to add a graphitization inhibitor in gaseous form to the atmosphere of the oven. And of course, at this level of intervention, the hydrogen sulfide is dissociated or in any case eliminated in a safe manner and definitive of the furnace by rejection in chimney or by décolposition by combustion.

Ainsi, cette proposition antérieure qui présente un effet exclusivement technique est complétée, selon la présente invention, par une disposition qui, en prévoyant l'adjonction dans l'hydrogène dlun produit odoriférant le plus en amont possible dans la conduite de distribution d'hydrogène, permet d'assurer, outre l'effet d'anti-graphitisation connu en soi par la publication susomentionnée, la sécurité de la distribution d'hydrogène sur le site de stockage-utilisation, là où cette sécurité fait précisément défaut de façon inquiétante. Thus, this previous proposal which has an exclusively technical effect is supplemented, according to the present invention, by a provision which, by providing for the addition in hydrogen of an odoriferous product as far upstream as possible in the hydrogen distribution pipe, ensures, in addition to the anti-graphitization effect known per se from the above-mentioned publication, the safety of hydrogen distribution on the storage-use site, where this safety is precisely lacking in a worrying manner.

Ainsi qu'il a été précisé plus haut, l'adjonction de produit odoriférant se fait le plus en amont possible. Aussi si toutes les utilisations d'un stockage d'hydrogène se prêtent à la mise en oeuvre d'un gaz hydrogène non strictement pur, on place l'appareil d'adjonction directement à la sortie "vapeur" du stockage.Si au contraire, une ou plusieurs applications de l'hydrogène du stockage se révèlent être incompatibles avec l'utilisation d'un gaz hydrogène incorporant, même à faible teneur, un produit odoriférant, alors on place l'appareil d'adjonction de produit odoriférant au niveau de la séparation des conduites alimentatrices des installateurs d'utilisation impliquant de l'hydrogène pur de celles qui alimentent les installations qui se prêtent à une mise en oeuvre d'hydrogène avec une faible teneur cependant décelable par tout opérateur humain travaillant sur ce site de produit odoriférant. As stated above, the addition of odorant is done as far upstream as possible. Also if all the uses of a hydrogen storage lend themselves to the use of a hydrogen gas which is not strictly pure, the addition device is placed directly at the "steam" outlet of the storage. If, on the contrary, one or more applications of the storage hydrogen prove to be incompatible with the use of a hydrogen gas incorporating, even at low content, an odoriferous product, then the odoriferous product addition device is placed at the level of the separation of the supply lines of the installers of use involving pure hydrogen from those which supply the installations which lend themselves to the use of hydrogen with a low content, however detectable by any human operator working on this site of odoriferous product.

Il y a lieu de noter que les risques de fuites d'hydrogène se présentent notamment aux différents raccords entre conduites et stockage, entre conduites entre elles, et entre conduites et installations de mise en oeuvre. En particulier'un four de recuit présente différents points d'injection d'hydrogène étagés selon la hauteur ou selon le parcours des objets à recuire à l'intérieur du four et il faut noter que la proposition selon 1'invention permet de détecter des fuites au niveau de l'installation ellenime, alors que la proposition connue du brevet japonais 73-59021 qui consiste à introduire séparément l'hydrogène sulfuré dans un four de recuit écarte d'emblée toute possibilité de détection de fuite d'hydrogène au niveau du four.  It should be noted that the risks of hydrogen leaks arise in particular at the various connections between pipes and storage, between pipes between them, and between pipes and processing installations. In particular, an annealing furnace has different hydrogen injection points stepped according to the height or according to the path of the objects to be annealed inside the furnace and it should be noted that the proposal according to the invention makes it possible to detect leaks. at the level of the ellenime installation, while the known proposal of Japanese patent 73-59021 which consists in separately introducing hydrogen sulphide into an annealing furnace immediately precludes any possibility of detecting hydrogen leakage at the level of the furnace .

Claims (1)

REVENDI ICNSREVENDI ICNS 1. Procédé de distribution d'hydrogène industriel notamment en traitement thermique de métaux, tels recuit, du genre où l'on dispose d'un stockage d'hydrogène notamnent liquide sur le site d'utilisation que l'on vaporise à la demande, ledit hydrogène étant conduit par canalisation vers l'installation de mise en oeuvre, caractérisé en ce qu'on adjoint, à l'amont de conduits désservant des installations susceptibles de mettre en oeuvre un gaz hydrogène non strictement pur, un produit gazeux odoriférant, tel un mercaptan, un thiophane, ou un produit connu sous la dénomination "TIT'.  1. Process for the distribution of industrial hydrogen, in particular in the heat treatment of metals, such as annealing, of the type in which there is a storage of notably liquid hydrogen at the site of use which is vaporized on demand, said hydrogen being led by pipeline to the installation installation, characterized in that one adds, upstream of conduits serving installations likely to use a hydrogen gas not strictly pure, a gaseous odoriferous product, such a mercaptan, a thiophane, or a product known under the name "TIT '. 72. Procédé de distribution d'hydrogène industriel, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que sur un site d'applications d'hydrogène, mettant en oeuvre des applications impliquant imperativement de l'hydrogène pur et d'autres applications se prétant à de l'hydrogène imprégné d'un produit odoriférant, on adjoint ledit produit odoriférant en amont de conduites desservant les dites applications se prêtant à de l'hydrogène imprégné d'un produit odoriférant  72. Process for the distribution of industrial hydrogen, according to claim 1, characterized in that on a site of hydrogen applications, implementing applications imperatively involving pure hydrogen and other applications which are suitable for hydrogen impregnated with an odoriferous product, said odoriferous product is added upstream of pipes serving the said applications suitable for hydrogen impregnated with an odoriferous product
FR8904673A 1989-04-10 1989-04-10 HYDROGEN DISTRIBUTION PROCESS WITH SAFETY MEASURE Expired - Fee Related FR2645622B1 (en)

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FR8904673A FR2645622B1 (en) 1989-04-10 1989-04-10 HYDROGEN DISTRIBUTION PROCESS WITH SAFETY MEASURE

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FR2645622B1 FR2645622B1 (en) 1994-02-04

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004092054A2 (en) * 2002-08-13 2004-10-28 Enersol Inc., N.A., L.P. Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method
EP4063275A3 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-11-30 General Electric Company Safety markers for a hydrogen fuel system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2238113A1 (en) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-14 Inst Gas Technology Odorising cryogenic liquids - esp liquid fuels, by addn of solutions of sulphur cpds in liquid hydrocarbon gases
JPS5883093A (en) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-18 Suzuki Shiyoukan:Kk Fuel gas for heating in welding and fusing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2238113A1 (en) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-14 Inst Gas Technology Odorising cryogenic liquids - esp liquid fuels, by addn of solutions of sulphur cpds in liquid hydrocarbon gases
JPS5883093A (en) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-18 Suzuki Shiyoukan:Kk Fuel gas for heating in welding and fusing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 175 (C-179)[1320], page 125 C 179; & JP-A-58 83 093 (SUZUKI SHIYOUKAN K.K.) 18-05-1983 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004092054A2 (en) * 2002-08-13 2004-10-28 Enersol Inc., N.A., L.P. Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method
WO2004092054A3 (en) * 2002-08-13 2005-01-13 Enersol Inc N A L P Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method
US7811688B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2010-10-12 Enersol, Inc. N.A., LP Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method
US8394553B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2013-03-12 Enersol Inc., N.A.L.P. Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method
EP4063275A3 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-11-30 General Electric Company Safety markers for a hydrogen fuel system
US12037128B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2024-07-16 General Electric Company Safety markers for a hydrogen fuel system

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