FR2621814A1 - Orthopaedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur - Google Patents

Orthopaedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2621814A1
FR2621814A1 FR8711919A FR8711919A FR2621814A1 FR 2621814 A1 FR2621814 A1 FR 2621814A1 FR 8711919 A FR8711919 A FR 8711919A FR 8711919 A FR8711919 A FR 8711919A FR 2621814 A1 FR2621814 A1 FR 2621814A1
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France
Prior art keywords
prosthesis according
cavity
sleeve
cup
seat
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Granted
Application number
FR8711919A
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French (fr)
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FR2621814B1 (en
Inventor
Mario Boni
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Benoist Girard et Cie SAS
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Benoist Girard et Cie SAS
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Priority to FR8711919A priority Critical patent/FR2621814B1/en
Priority to IT8722772A priority patent/IT1225483B/en
Publication of FR2621814A1 publication Critical patent/FR2621814A1/en
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Publication of FR2621814B1 publication Critical patent/FR2621814B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30332—Conically- or frustoconically-shaped protrusion and recess
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30474—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using an intermediate sleeve interposed between both prosthetic parts to be coupled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30563—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having elastic means or damping means, different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric core or shock absorbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2002/3241—Joints for the hip having a ring, e.g. for locking the femoral head into the acetabular cup
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3611—Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625—Necks
    • A61F2002/3631—Necks with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/365—Connections of heads to necks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0033—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00029—Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

Orthopaedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur 3, consisting of a first element 7 which is fitted into the cotyloid cavity (acetabulum) 5 of the pelvis 6, and a second element 4 which is fixed onto the upper end of the femur. A shock-absorber element 8 is interposed between the first 7 and the second 4 elements.

Description

PROTHESE ORTHOPEDIQUE, EN PARTICULIER
POUR LA TETE DU FEMUR
La présente invention se rapporte à une prothèse orthopédique, en particulier pour la tête du fémur.ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESIS, IN PARTICULAR
FOR THE HEAD OF FEMUR
The present invention relates to an orthopedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur.

Des reconstitutions artificielles de la tête du fémur sont connues, par exemple des documents US-A-3.707.006 et 4.227.2s5. Certaines reconstitutions sont réalisées de manière à permettre l'association de la tête du fémur avec les os du bassin, ces reconstitutions devant ressembler d'aussi prêt que possible à l'articulation naturelle du point de vue fonctionnel. Dans une forme de réalisation connue, la reconstitution est réalisée en fixant, sur l'extrémité supérieure du fémur, un ergot dont la partie supérieure est légèrement en forme de tronc de cône et qui s'insère dans un siège, lui aussi en forme de tronc de cône, complémentaire du premier, pourvu d'une tête prothétique qui est conformée pour s'adapter précisément à la cavité cotyloidienne du bassin, et reproduisant la tête de fémur naturelle. Artificial reconstructions of the head of the femur are known, for example from documents US-A-3,707.006 and 4,227.2s5. Certain reconstructions are carried out in such a way as to allow the association of the head of the femur with the bones of the pelvis, these reconstructions having to resemble as naturally as possible the natural joint from the functional point of view. In a known embodiment, the reconstruction is carried out by fixing, on the upper end of the femur, a lug the upper part of which is slightly in the shape of a truncated cone and which fits into a seat, also in the shape of trunk of cone, complementary to the first, provided with a prosthetic head which is shaped to adapt precisely to the acetabular cavity of the pelvis, and reproducing the head of natural femur.

La tête prothétique est normalement composée d'une coupelle d'acier à laquelle est soudée une base pourvue du siège, en forme de tronc de cône, pour l'ergot qui est à son tour associé rigidement à la tête au moyen d'une bague élastique, d'une façon en soi connue dans la technique. La tête est naturellement réalisée en différentes dimensions, puisque la cavité cotyloldienne est de dimensions variables, selon la structure physique de la personne, tandis que l'ergot et son siège complémen- taire peuvent avoir des dimensions standard. The prosthetic head is normally composed of a steel cup to which is welded a base provided with the seat, in the shape of a truncated cone, for the lug which is in turn rigidly associated with the head by means of a ring. elastic, in a manner known per se in the art. The head is naturally produced in different dimensions, since the acetabulum is of variable dimensions, depending on the physical structure of the person, while the lug and its complementary seat can have standard dimensions.

Ce type de prothèse fonctionne bien et bénéficie d'une résistance mécanique remarquable, mais a aussi un important inconvénient. Pendant la marche, le fémur est continuellement sujet à une série de petits chocs que la tête, étant en acier (donc très rigide), transmet intégralement au bassin. This type of prosthesis works well and benefits from remarkable mechanical resistance, but also has a significant drawback. During walking, the femur is continually subject to a series of small shocks that the head, being made of steel (therefore very rigid), transmits fully to the pelvis.

Avec le temps, la partie osseuse entourant la cavité cotyloîdienne réagit à ces chocs continuels en durcissant et en devenant de ce fait plus cassante. Des chocs exceptionnellement forts ou simplement le temps qui suit ce durcissement entraînent la formation de fissures qui parcourent la cavité cotyloldienne et causent une douleur intense, compromettant gravement la fonctionnalité de l'articulation. Over time, the bone portion surrounding the acetabular cavity reacts to these continual shocks by hardening and thereby becoming more brittle. Exceptionally strong shocks or simply the time following this hardening lead to the formation of cracks which run through the acetabulum and cause severe pain, seriously compromising the functionality of the joint.

Le but principal de la présente invention est d'éliminer ce grave inconvénient au moyen d'une prothèse qui a un degré d'élasticité, et par suite une capacité d'absorption des chocs qui approche celle d'un os naturel. The main object of the present invention is to eliminate this serious drawback by means of a prosthesis which has a degree of elasticity, and consequently a shock absorption capacity which approaches that of a natural bone.

Dans ce cadre, un important objet de l'invention est de procurer une prothèse qui a des caractéristiques fonctionnelles et de résistance mécanique optimales. In this context, an important object of the invention is to provide a prosthesis which has optimal functional characteristics and mechanical strength.

Un autre objet est de procurer une prothèse structurellement simple, c'est-à-dire composée d'un nombre limité de composants, de sorte que sa réalisation ne présente pas de difficultés particulières, en obtenant ainsi un produit qui est également avantageux du point de vue économique, en n'affectant en aucun cas les caractéristiques fonctionnelles. Another object is to provide a structurally simple prosthesis, that is to say composed of a limited number of components, so that its production does not present any particular difficulties, thereby obtaining a product which is also advantageous from the point of view of from an economic point of view, in no way affecting the functional characteristics.

Un objet non négligeable de l'invention est de procurer une prothèse ayant une structure qui permette d'utiliser des matériaux les plus souhaitables dans le domaine médical, compte tenu en particulier des problèmes de rejet sur la partie du corps. A significant object of the invention is to provide a prosthesis having a structure which makes it possible to use the most desirable materials in the medical field, taking into account in particular the problems of rejection on the part of the body.

Ces résultats, aussi bien relatifs à ce qui précède qu'à d'autres buts qui apparaîtront ci-après, sont obtenus par une prothèse orthopédique, en particulier pour la tête du fémur, comprenant un premier élément apte à être inséré dans la cavité cotyloldienne du bassin et un second élément adaptable rigidement sur l'extrémité supérieure du fémur, un élément intermédiaire ayant une structure apte à absorber les chocs étant interposé entre ce premier et ce second élément, cet élément intermédiaire constituant la liaison physique entre le premier et le second élément. These results, both relating to the above and to other purposes which will appear below, are obtained by an orthopedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur, comprising a first element capable of being inserted into the acetabular cavity of the pelvis and a second element rigidly adaptable to the upper end of the femur, an intermediate element having a structure capable of absorbing shocks being interposed between this first and this second element, this intermediate element constituting the physical connection between the first and the second element.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante d'un exemple préférentiel, mais non limitatif, de réalisation de cette prothèse, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels
Figure 1 est une vue frontale schématique et en élévation d'une tête de fémur conforme à l'invention, articulée dans la cavité cotyloY- dienne du bassin ;
Figure 2 est une vue éclatée en coupe des composants de la tête de fémur conforme à l'invention ;
Figure 3 est une vue en coupe, similaire à la figure 2, de la tête de fémur assemblée
Figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de figure 3.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of a preferred, but nonlimiting, example of embodiment of this prosthesis, with reference to the appended drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a schematic front view in elevation of a femur head according to the invention, articulated in the acetabular cavity of the pelvis;
Figure 2 is an exploded sectional view of the components of the femur head according to the invention;
Figure 3 is a sectional view, similar to Figure 2, of the assembled femur head
Figure 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 3.

En référence aux figures ci-dessus définies, la prothèse conforme à l'invention, généralement désignée par la référence 1, comprend une tête 2 liée à l'extrémité supérieure du fémur 3 au moyen d'une soie 4 et articulée dans la cavité cotyloldienne 5 du bassin 6. With reference to the figures defined above, the prosthesis according to the invention, generally designated by the reference 1, comprises a head 2 linked to the upper end of the femur 3 by means of a floss 4 and articulated in the acetabular cavity 5 of the pelvis 6.

La soie 4 est d'un modèle connu et comporte une base 4a, fixée rigidement d'une manière connue à l'extrémité supérieure du fémur, et un ergot 4b en forme de tronc de cône apte à être engagé dans la tête 2. The tang 4 is of a known model and comprises a base 4a, rigidly fixed in a known manner to the upper end of the femur, and a lug 4b in the form of a truncated cone capable of being engaged in the head 2.

La tête 2 comprend substantiellement une coupelle creuse 7, qui reçoit à l'intérieur un élément intermédiaire 8 ayant une structure apte à assurer une fonction d'absorption des chocs et qui est à son tour pourvu d'un siège 9 qui reçoit un organe de fixation 10. The head 2 substantially comprises a hollow cup 7, which receives inside an intermediate element 8 having a structure capable of ensuring a shock absorption function and which is in turn provided with a seat 9 which receives a fixing 10.

La coupelle 7 est pourvue d'une cavité 11 qui communique avec l'extérieur par l'ouverture 12 qui constitue substantiellement la base de la coupelle 7. The cup 7 is provided with a cavity 11 which communicates with the outside through the opening 12 which substantially constitutes the base of the cup 7.

La configuration extérieure de la coupelle 7 est substantiellement sphérique et telle qu'elle s'adapte précisément à la cavité cotyloldienne du bassin ; bien entendu, la coupelle est réalisée en différentes dimensions, afin d'être utilisable sur toute sorte de patient. The external configuration of the cup 7 is substantially spherical and such that it adapts precisely to the acetabular cavity of the pelvis; of course, the cup is produced in different dimensions, in order to be usable on any kind of patient.

Les matériaux dans lesquels la coupelle est réalisée sont préférentiellement l'acier, des alliages chrome-cobalt, des alliages de titane et également des matériaux céramiques; ces matériaux sont couramment utilisés dans ce domaine en raison de leurs excellentes propriétés du point de vue de la tolérance corporelle. The materials in which the cup is made are preferably steel, chrome-cobalt alloys, titanium alloys and also ceramic materials; these materials are commonly used in this field because of their excellent properties from the point of view of bodily tolerance.

Comme mentionné, la coupelle 7 est pourvue d'une cavité 11 ouverte à la base 12 de la coupelle. L'élément amortisseur intermédiaire 8 est installé dans la cavité 11, cet élément amortisseur étant avantageusement constitué d'un corps solide conformé de façon complémentaire de façon à se marier à la partie interne de ladite cavité 11. La fixation de l'élément amortisseur intermédiaire 8 à l'intérieur de la coupelle est réalisée préférentiellement au moyen de bagues élastiques 13 intercalées, parallèlement à la base 2, entre la surface extérieure de l'élément amortisseur 8 et la surface de la cavité 11. En outre, les bagues 13 reposent sur des sièges annulaires adaptés 13a et 13b, prévus respectivement sur la surface de la cavité 1 1 et sur la surface extérieure de l'élément amortisseur 8. As mentioned, the cup 7 is provided with a cavity 11 open at the base 12 of the cup. The intermediate damping element 8 is installed in the cavity 11, this damping element advantageously consisting of a solid body shaped in a complementary manner so as to marry with the internal part of said cavity 11. The fixing of the intermediate damping element 8 inside the cup is preferably made by means of elastic rings 13 interposed, parallel to the base 2, between the outer surface of the damping element 8 and the surface of the cavity 11. In addition, the rings 13 rest on suitable annular seats 13a and 13b, provided respectively on the surface of the cavity 11 and on the external surface of the damping element 8.

L'élément amortisseur 8 doit être réalisé en matériaux ayant un certain degré de déformation élastique ; pour cette raison, on utilisera préférentiellement des matériaux plastiques tels que, par exemple, du polyéthylène haute densité, un matériau synthétique dénommé "debrin" (marque déposée de E.l. Dupont de Nemours & Co.) et des matériaux silicones, qui sont couramment utilisés en chirurgie plastique en raison de leur bonne tolérance par cette partie du corps. The damping element 8 must be made of materials having a certain degree of elastic deformation; for this reason, use will preferably be made of plastic materials such as, for example, high density polyethylene, a synthetic material called "debrin" (registered trademark of El Dupont de Nemours & Co.) and silicone materials, which are commonly used in plastic surgery due to their good tolerance by this part of the body.

Un siège d'adaptation 9 pour l'élément de fixation 10 est prévu dans l'élément amortisseur 8 pour le couplage à la soie 4 fixée sur le fémur 3. An adaptation seat 9 for the fixing element 10 is provided in the damping element 8 for coupling to the tang 4 fixed to the femur 3.

Le siège 9 a préférentiellement une forme de tronc de cône et l'élément de fixation est composé d'un manchon 10, lui aussi en forme de tronc de cône et bien entendu ouvert à son extrémité correspondante à la base 12 de la coupelle. The seat 9 preferably has a truncated cone shape and the fixing element is composed of a sleeve 10, also in the shape of a truncated cone and of course open at its end corresponding to the base 12 of the cup.

Le manchon 10 est préférentiellement constitué d'un matériau rigide, par exemple le même que celui qui constitue la coupelle 7, et est fixé dans le siège 9, avantageusement au moyen de bagues élastiques 14. Les bagues élastiques sont préférentiellement au nombre de deux, l'une d'elles étant placée au voisinage de l'extrémité close du manchon 10 et l'autre au voisinage de l'extrémité ouverte dudit manchon, et sont placés dans des sièges annulaires complémentaires 14a et 14b prévus respectivement à la surface du siège 9 et sur la surface extérieure du manchon 10. The sleeve 10 is preferably made of a rigid material, for example the same as that which constitutes the cup 7, and is fixed in the seat 9, advantageously by means of elastic rings 14. The elastic rings are preferably two in number, one of them being placed in the vicinity of the closed end of the sleeve 10 and the other in the vicinity of the open end of said sleeve, and are placed in complementary annular seats 14a and 14b provided respectively on the surface of the seat 9 and on the outer surface of the sleeve 10.

Les bagues élastiques 14 et 13 sont préférentiellement constituées d'un matériau plastique, choisi parmi ceux couramment utilisés en chirurgie plastique, en raison des problèmes ci-dessus mentionnés de tolérance de cette partie du corps. The elastic rings 14 and 13 are preferably made of a plastic material, chosen from those commonly used in plastic surgery, because of the above-mentioned problems of tolerance of this part of the body.

La partie interne du manchon 10 définit un siège 15 en forme de tronc de cône apte à recevoir l'ergot 4b de la soie 4, de façon connue en soi. Brièvement, le couplage de l'ergot 4b en forme de tronc de cône à l'intérieur du siège 15 a lieu par l'interposition d'une bague 17 s'ajustant partiellement dans un siège annulaire 16 prévu sur la face du siège 15, de façon adjacente à l'ouverture du manchon 10. The internal part of the sleeve 10 defines a seat 15 in the form of a truncated cone capable of receiving the lug 4b of the silk 4, in a manner known per se. Briefly, the coupling of the lug 4b in the form of a truncated cone inside the seat 15 takes place by the interposition of a ring 17 partially adjusting in an annular seat 16 provided on the face of the seat 15, adjacent to the opening of the sleeve 10.

Il a déjà été indiqué que la coupelle 7 est réalisée en différentes dimensions de façon à s'adapter à chaque type de personne; il est en effet évident que les dimensions des os de bassin, et par suite de la cavité cotyloidienne, sont différentes selon la taille, l'âge, le sexe et la constitution physique de chaque individu. En conséquence, les dimensions de la cavité 11 sont variables ainsi que par suite les dimensions extérieures de l'élément amortisseur 8, alors que les dimensions du siège 9 peuvent être avantageusement standardisées, de façon à permettre l'utilisation d'un seul type de soie 4 pour différents types de coupelles. It has already been indicated that the cup 7 is produced in different dimensions so as to adapt to each type of person; it is indeed obvious that the dimensions of the pelvic bones, and consequently of the acetabular cavity, are different according to the size, age, sex and physical constitution of each individual. Consequently, the dimensions of the cavity 11 are variable as well as consequently the external dimensions of the damping element 8, while the dimensions of the seat 9 can be advantageously standardized, so as to allow the use of a single type of silk 4 for different types of cups.

Enfin, la partie de l'élément amortisseur 8 située à la base 12 est pourvue d'un chanfrein 18, afin d'éviter les chocs contre les bords de la cavité cotyloidienne lors des mouvements extrêmes de la tête 2. Finally, the part of the damping element 8 located at the base 12 is provided with a chamfer 18, in order to avoid impacts against the edges of the acetabular cavity during extreme movements of the head 2.

L'assemblage de la tête 2 comprend l'insertion de l'élément amortisseur 8 dans la cavité 11 de la coupelle 7 avec interposition des bagues élastiques 13, puis l'insertion du manchon 10 dans le siège 9 avec interposition des bagues élastiques 14. The assembly of the head 2 comprises the insertion of the damping element 8 in the cavity 11 of the cup 7 with the interposition of the elastic rings 13, then the insertion of the sleeve 10 in the seat 9 with the interposition of the elastic rings 14.

Pour ce faire, la tête 2 est apte à être accouplée, d'une manière en soi connue, à la soie 4 par insertion de l'ergot 4b dans le manchon 10 après interposition de la bague 17. To do this, the head 2 is capable of being coupled, in a manner known per se, to the tang 4 by insertion of the lug 4b in the sleeve 10 after interposition of the ring 17.

Il a été observé en pratique que la prothèse conforme à l'invention procure pleinement l'effet attendu, permettant l'obtention d'une articulation ressemblant d'aussi près que possible à l'articulation naturelle. It has been observed in practice that the prosthesis according to the invention fully provides the expected effect, making it possible to obtain a joint that looks as closely as possible to the natural joint.

Un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que l'on obtient des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées par une prothèse qui est simple du point de vue constructif, et qui est donc économique également. Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that high mechanical characteristics are obtained by a prosthesis which is simple from the constructive point of view, and which is therefore also economical.

En outre, les caractéristiques structurelles de la prothèse permettent l'utilisation des matériaux les plus indiqués dans le domaine de la chirurgie plastique, afin d'éviter les problèmes liés à la tolérance de cette partie de l'organisme. In addition, the structural characteristics of the prosthesis allow the use of the most suitable materials in the field of plastic surgery, in order to avoid problems related to the tolerance of this part of the body.

Ce dispositif est susceptible, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, d'être réalisé selon de nombreuses variantes; de plus, tous les éléments de détail peuvent être remplacés par des éléments techniquement équivalents. This device is capable, without departing from the scope of the invention, of being produced according to numerous variants; in addition, all the details can be replaced by technically equivalent elements.

En pratique, les matériaux utilisés, ainsi que leurs dimensions, peuvent être de toute sorte, en fonction des besoins et de l'état de la technique.  In practice, the materials used, as well as their dimensions, can be of any kind, depending on the needs and the state of the art.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATK) NSREVENDICATK) NS 1 - Prothèse orthopédique, en particulier pour la tête du fémur, comportant un premier élément (7) apte à s'insérer dans la cavité cotyloldienne du bassin et un second élément (4) apte à être fixé rigidement sur l'extrémité supérieure du fémur, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un élément intermédiaire (8) ayant une structure capable d'absorber les chocs est interposé entre ledit premier (7) et ledit second élément (4), ledit élément intermédiaire constituant la liaison physique entre le premier (7) et le second élément (4). 1 - Orthopedic prosthesis, in particular for the head of the femur, comprising a first element (7) capable of fitting into the acetabular cavity of the pelvis and a second element (4) capable of being rigidly fixed on the upper end of the femur , characterized in that at least one intermediate element (8) having a structure capable of absorbing shocks is interposed between said first (7) and said second element (4), said intermediate element constituting the physical connection between the first ( 7) and the second element (4). 2 - Prothèse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit premier élément (7) est une coupelle substantiellement sphérique, pourvue d'une cavité (11) et ouverte à sa base, ledit élément intermédiaire (8) étant imbriqué, au moins partiellement, dans ladite cavité (11).  2 - Prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that said first element (7) is a substantially spherical cup, provided with a cavity (11) and open at its base, said intermediate element (8) being nested, at least partially , in said cavity (11). 3 - Prothèse selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit élément amortisseur intermédiaire (8) est pourvu d'un siège principal (9) apte à recevoir ledit second élément t4).  3 - Prosthesis according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said intermediate damping element (8) is provided with a main seat (9) capable of receiving said second element t4). 4 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un élément rigide de fixation (10) est interposé entre le second élément (4) et le siège principal (9). 4 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a rigid fixing element (10) is interposed between the second element (4) and the main seat (9). 5 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'élément rigide (10) est un manchon en matériau rigide s'adaptant dans le siège principal (9) et apte à recevoir dans un siège intérieur (15) un ergot supérieur (4b) dudit second élément (4). 5 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rigid element (10) is a sleeve of rigid material adapting in the main seat (9) and capable of receiving in an interior seat (15 ) an upper lug (4b) of said second element (4). 6 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit élément amortisseur (8) est fixé dans ladite cavité par interposition d'une première paire (13) de bagues élastiques dans des premiers sièges annulaires complémentaires (1 3a, 1 3b) prévus à la surface de ladite cavité (11) et sur la surface externe dudit élément amortisseur (8), lesdites bagues élastiques (13) étant substantiellement parallèles à la base (12) de la coupelle (7). 6 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said damping element (8) is fixed in said cavity by interposition of a first pair (13) of elastic rings in first complementary annular seats (1 3a , 1 3b) provided on the surface of said cavity (11) and on the external surface of said damping element (8), said elastic rings (13) being substantially parallel to the base (12) of the cup (7). 7 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le siège intérieur (15), le siège principal (9), le manchon~ (10) et l'ergot supérieur (4b) dudit second élément (4), ont substantiellement la forme d'un tronc de cône dont la grande base est placée à la base (12) de la coupelle (7). 7 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner seat (15), the main seat (9), the sleeve ~ (10) and the upper lug (4b) of said second element (4 ), have substantially the shape of a truncated cone whose large base is placed at the base (12) of the cup (7). 8 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le manchon (10) est fixé au siège principal (9) par interposition d'une deuxième paire (14) de bagues élastiques installées dans des deuxièmes sièges annulaires complémentaires (14a,14b) prévus respectivement à la surface du siège principal (9) et sur la surface externe du manchon (10), ces bagues élastiques (14) étant substantiellement parallèles à la base (12) de la coupelle (7). 8 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sleeve (10) is fixed to the main seat (9) by interposition of a second pair (14) of elastic rings installed in second complementary annular seats (14a, 14b) provided respectively on the surface of the main seat (9) and on the external surface of the sleeve (10), these elastic rings (14) being substantially parallel to the base (12) of the cup (7). 9 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'élément amortisseur (8) dépasse de la cavité (11) à la base de la coupelle (7) et est pourvue d'un bord annulaire chanfreiné (18). 9 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the damping element (8) protrudes from the cavity (11) at the base of the cup (7) and is provided with a chamfered annular edge ( 18). 10 - Prothèse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que l'ergot supérieur (4b) du second élément (4) est maintenu à l'intérieur du manchon (10) par interposition d'une bague placée partiellement dans un siège annulaire (16) prévu sur la surface interne de ce manchon (10).  10 - Prosthesis according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper lug (4b) of the second element (4) is held inside the sleeve (10) by interposition of a ring placed partially in an annular seat (16) provided on the internal surface of this sleeve (10).
FR8711919A 1987-08-19 1987-08-19 ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESIS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE HEAD OF FEMUR Expired - Fee Related FR2621814B1 (en)

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IT8722772A IT1225483B (en) 1987-08-19 1987-11-26 ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESIS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE HEAD OF THE FEMORE.

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2705883A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-09 Revest Michel Prosthesis with ball bearing race for hip or other joint replacement
WO1996015735A1 (en) * 1994-11-17 1996-05-30 Hoermansdoerfer Gerd Elastic ball head for hip joint implants
FR2728157A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-21 Erami Hip joint prosthesis assembly
EP0853928A1 (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-22 MAN Ceramics GmbH Multi-part implant with locking ring
US6695619B2 (en) 2001-08-09 2004-02-24 Oliver Brown-Wilkinson Orthopaedic demonstration aid
WO2008015286A2 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Ceramtec Ag Insertion of vibration-damping elements in prosthetic systems for the manipulation and damping of natural frequencies
US9283075B2 (en) 2006-01-20 2016-03-15 Zimmer, Inc. Shoulder arthroplasty system

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FR2021313A5 (en) * 1969-09-18 1970-07-17 Ficat Raymond
FR2242065A1 (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-03-28 Oscobal Ag
US4241463A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-12-30 Precision Cast Specialties, Inc. Prosthetic implant device
FR2537868A1 (en) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-22 Richards France Sarl PROSTHESIS FOR REPLACING THE HIP JOINT

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2021313A5 (en) * 1969-09-18 1970-07-17 Ficat Raymond
FR2242065A1 (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-03-28 Oscobal Ag
US4241463A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-12-30 Precision Cast Specialties, Inc. Prosthetic implant device
FR2537868A1 (en) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-22 Richards France Sarl PROSTHESIS FOR REPLACING THE HIP JOINT

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2705883A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-09 Revest Michel Prosthesis with ball bearing race for hip or other joint replacement
WO1996015735A1 (en) * 1994-11-17 1996-05-30 Hoermansdoerfer Gerd Elastic ball head for hip joint implants
FR2728157A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-21 Erami Hip joint prosthesis assembly
EP0853928A1 (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-22 MAN Ceramics GmbH Multi-part implant with locking ring
US6695619B2 (en) 2001-08-09 2004-02-24 Oliver Brown-Wilkinson Orthopaedic demonstration aid
US9283075B2 (en) 2006-01-20 2016-03-15 Zimmer, Inc. Shoulder arthroplasty system
US9770334B2 (en) 2006-01-20 2017-09-26 Zimmer, Inc. Shoulder arthroplasty system
US10383735B2 (en) 2006-01-20 2019-08-20 Zimmer, Inc. Shoulder arthroplasty system
US11298234B2 (en) 2006-01-20 2022-04-12 Zimmer, Inc. Shoulder arthroplasty system
WO2008015286A2 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Ceramtec Ag Insertion of vibration-damping elements in prosthetic systems for the manipulation and damping of natural frequencies
WO2008015286A3 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-03-13 Ceramtec Ag Insertion of vibration-damping elements in prosthetic systems for the manipulation and damping of natural frequencies
US8226728B2 (en) 2006-08-04 2012-07-24 Ceramtec Gmbh Insertion of vibration-damping elements in prosthetic systems for the manipulation and damping of natural frequencies

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Publication number Publication date
IT8722772A0 (en) 1987-11-26
IT1225483B (en) 1990-11-14
FR2621814B1 (en) 1993-06-25

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