FR2593023A1 - Composition and method for decreasing the aggressiveness of bees - Google Patents

Composition and method for decreasing the aggressiveness of bees Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2593023A1
FR2593023A1 FR8600677A FR8600677A FR2593023A1 FR 2593023 A1 FR2593023 A1 FR 2593023A1 FR 8600677 A FR8600677 A FR 8600677A FR 8600677 A FR8600677 A FR 8600677A FR 2593023 A1 FR2593023 A1 FR 2593023A1
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France
Prior art keywords
composition according
bees
aggressiveness
volume
composition
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Application number
FR8600677A
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French (fr)
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PEOCH RENE
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PEOCH RENE
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Priority to FR8600677A priority Critical patent/FR2593023A1/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C53/00Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C07C53/15Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen containing halogen
    • C07C53/16Halogenated acetic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K51/00Appliances for treating beehives or parts thereof, e.g. for cleaning or disinfecting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K55/00Bee-smokers; Bee-keepers' accessories, e.g. veils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C53/00Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C07C53/08Acetic acid

Abstract

In order to eliminate or reduce the aggressiveness of bees when beehives are being opened and handled, an aqueous emulsion or dispersion containing as active agents, acetic acid or a halogenated derivative of the latter or else alkaline salts of such acids, is vaporised according to the invention over the supers of the beehive. The composition also contains, advantageously, citral or a similar aldehyde as well as an emulsifier and an antioxidant.

Description

La présente invention a trait au domaine de l'apiculture et concerne un procédé et une composition liquide permettant d'inhiber ou, en tout cas, de diminuer notablement l'agressivité des abeilles. The present invention relates to the field of beekeeping and relates to a process and a liquid composition making it possible to inhibit or, in any case, to significantly reduce the aggressiveness of bees.

Depuis plus de quatre mille ans les apiculteurs utilisent la fumée pour calmer l'agressivité des abeilles lors de leurs interventions dans les ruches. Ils utilisent un petit fourneau ou enfumoir dans lequel on met en oeuvre divers combustibles (papier, chiffons, bois, noyaux d'olive séchés et dégraissés...etc) dont les fumées sont dirigées dans la ruche. For more than four thousand years beekeepers have used smoke to calm the aggressiveness of bees during their interventions in hives. They use a small stove or smoker in which various fuels are used (paper, rags, wood, dried and defatted olive stones, etc.), the fumes of which are directed into the hive.

Cette très ancienne technique exige de longs travaux préparatoires ; elle est, en outre, la source de nombreuses difficultés dues notamment aux ar rêts intempestifs de combustion et à la quasi-impossibilité d'obtenir en permanence, pendant le travail, une fumée d'intensité convenable.This very old technique requires long preparatory work; it is, moreover, the source of numerous difficulties due in particular to untimely combustion stoppages and to the quasi-impossibility of permanently obtaining, during work, smoke of suitable intensity.

Pour pallier ces difficultés, on a proposé et commercialisé des moyens d'usage à priori plus commode tels que des bombes fumigènes à produits normalement non toxiques. Toutefois ces systèmes sont coûteux et leur durée d'utilisation est très courte. To overcome these difficulties, a priori more convenient means of use have been proposed and marketed, such as smoke bombs with normally non-toxic products. However, these systems are expensive and their duration of use is very short.

On connait par ailleurs des agents répulsifs pour l'abeille ou autres insectes, tels que le nitrobenzène (essence de Myrban) ou le benzaldéhyse. Ces produits sont utilisés en imprégnation sur une toile que l'on dispose sur le dessus de la ruche afin de faire descendre les abeilles vers le bas de la ruche et de pouvoir effectuer la récolte de l'étage supérieur. Toutefois, aucune diminution sensible de l'agressivité des abeilles n'a été constaté par l'usage de tels produits. We also know repellents for bees or other insects, such as nitrobenzene (essence of Myrban) or benzaldehysis. These products are used in impregnation on a canvas that is placed on top of the hive in order to bring the bees down to the bottom of the hive and to be able to harvest the upper floor. However, no significant reduction in the aggressiveness of bees has been noted by the use of such products.

I1 a maintenant été trouvé que l'on pouvait supprimer l'usage du moyen fastidieux de la fumigation et lui substituer un procédé de mise en oeuvre facile utilisant une composition liquide, non toxique pour les abeilles et d'une grande efficacité pour calmer leurs ardeurs et éviter ainsi toute piqûre. I1 has now been found that we could eliminate the use of the tedious means of fumigation and replace it with an easy implementation process using a liquid composition, non-toxic to bees and very effective in calming their heat. and thus avoid any bite.

Conformément à l'invention, le procédé consiste à vaporiser dans la ruche de petites quantités d'une émulsion ou dispersion aqueuse contenant au moins un agent actif du groupe : acide acétique, acide mono ou polyhalogénoacétique, sels alcalins de ces acides. According to the invention, the method consists in spraying into the hive small amounts of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion containing at least one active agent from the group: acetic acid, mono or polyhaloacetic acid, alkali salts of these acids.

Comme agent halogénoacétique, on peut par exemple citer, à titre non limitatif, l'acide trichloracétique ou un sel alcalin. Mention may be made, as halogenoacetic agent, for example, without limitation, of trichloroacetic acid or an alkaline salt.

Selon une formulation plus avantageuse on associe à l'agent acide ou produit en renfermant, du citral, connu également sous les noms de géranial ou néral, sous forme de mélange des isomères cis et trans. Des produits équivalents tels que, par exemple, l'aldéhyde cinnamique peuvent être substitués au citral. According to a more advantageous formulation, it is associated with the acidic agent or product containing it, citral, also known under the names of geranial or neral, in the form of a mixture of the cis and trans isomers. Equivalent products such as, for example, cinnamic aldehyde can be substituted for citral.

Conformément à une réalisation particulièrement intéressante et efficace, on peut associer à l'acide acétique ou dérivé l'un quelconque des composants de la phéromone de la glande de Nassanoff. Cette glande est située entre le sixième et le septième tergite abdominal de l'abeille. In accordance with a particularly advantageous and effective embodiment, any of the components of the pheromone of the Nassanoff gland can be combined with acetic acid or derivative. This gland is located between the sixth and the seventh abdominal tergite of the bee.

Une phéromone est une hormone secrétée par la cuticule de l'abeille.A pheromone is a hormone secreted by the bee's cuticle.

En pratique, la composition aqueuse selon l'invention est additionnée d'un agent émulsifiant, de préférence de type non ionique, comme par exemple un condensat d'oxyde d'éthylène avec un alcool gras ou un alcoyl-phénol, un éther cellulosique, la saponine...etc. ainsi que d'un agent antioxydant comme par exemple de l'acide citrique ou produit équivalent. In practice, the aqueous composition according to the invention is added with an emulsifying agent, preferably of nonionic type, such as for example a condensate of ethylene oxide with a fatty alcohol or an alkylphenol, a cellulose ether, saponin ... etc. as well as an antioxidant agent such as for example citric acid or equivalent product.

Bien que les quantités respectives des constituants de la composition aqueuse mise en oeuvre puissent varier entre d'assez larges limites, il a été constaté, au cours des nombreuses expérimentations effectuées, que les meilleures doses, au plan de l'efficacité, varient généralement entre les limites suivantes (pour 100 % en volume de composition aqueuse) acide acétique ou dérivé 4 % à 40 % ; citral : 0,01 % à 15 % ; antioxydant (par exemple acide citrique) ; 0,1 à 0,3 % ; émulsionnant : 0,5 à 2 % environ. Lorsqu'on utilise en outre l'un quelconque des composants de la phéromone, la quantité introduite peut varier de 0,01 à 15 % en volume. Although the respective amounts of the constituents of the aqueous composition used can vary within fairly wide limits, it has been observed, during numerous experiments carried out, that the best doses, in terms of efficacy, generally vary between the following limits (for 100% by volume of aqueous composition) acetic acid or derivative 4% to 40%; citral: 0.01% to 15%; antioxidant (eg citric acid); 0.1 to 0.3%; emulsifier: approximately 0.5 to 2%. When any of the pheromone components are additionally used, the amount introduced can vary from 0.01 to 15% by volume.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, on peut citer ci-dessous une émulsion aqueuse, parmi d'autres pouvant convenir et qui renferme pour 100 parties en volume
- 15 parties d'acide acétique
- 1 partie de citral (cis + trans)
- 0,5 à 1 partie de "Tween 80" (monooléate de sorbitanne polyo
xyéthylé)
- 0,3 partie d'acide citrique
- le complément à 100 % en eau
I1 a été constaté que, lorsqu'on rajoute le citral à l'acide acétique qui, seul, possède déjà une action calmante, on obtient une action synergique dans la non agressivité des abeilles. Celles-ci, dès qu'elles sentent l'odeur de ces produits, restent dans la ruche sans manifester l'envie de s'envoler. Le manipulateur peut donc opérer sans risque de piqûre.En outre, cette action synergique est encore exacerbée lorsqu'on additionne, comme dit ci-dessus, de petites quantités des composants de l'hormone secrétée par la peau des abeilles. On obtient des résultats équivalents avec des dérivés, tels que ceux précités, de l'acide acétique.
By way of nonlimiting example, there may be mentioned below an aqueous emulsion, among others which may be suitable and which contains per 100 parts by volume.
- 15 parts of acetic acid
- 1 part of citral (cis + trans)
- 0.5 to 1 part of "Tween 80" (polyo sorbitan monooleate
xyethylated)
- 0.3 part of citric acid
- the complement to 100% in water
I1 has been found that, when citral is added to acetic acid which, alone, already has a calming action, a synergistic action is obtained in the non-aggressiveness of bees. These, as soon as they smell the smell of these products, remain in the hive without manifesting the desire to fly away. The manipulator can therefore operate without the risk of stinging.In addition, this synergistic action is further exacerbated when added, as said above, small amounts of the components of the hormone secreted by the skin of bees. Equivalent results are obtained with derivatives, such as those mentioned above, of acetic acid.

La composition précitée selon l'invention est appliquée à l'aide d'un pulvérisateur à eau tout à fait classique, par exemple du type de ceux utilisés par les ménagères pour le lavage des vitres ou par les agriculteurs pour la pulvérisation des plantes. Afin d'obtenir l'effet optimum, il est recommandé d'effectuer un réglage pour obtenir un fin brouillard de liquide dans le but de ne pas trop mouiller les insectes et de ne pas dépasser environ 0,4 ml à chaque pulvérisation. En pratique, dès l'ouverture d'une ruche, on vaporise au fur et à mesure les deux faces des cadres que l'on sort successivement, le nombre total moyen de vaporisations étant d'environ 20 à 30 pour chaque ruche.  The aforementioned composition according to the invention is applied using a completely conventional water sprayer, for example of the type used by housewives for washing windows or by farmers for spraying plants. In order to obtain the optimum effect, it is recommended to carry out an adjustment to obtain a fine mist of liquid in order to not wet the insects too much and not to exceed approximately 0.4 ml with each spraying. In practice, as soon as a beehive is opened, the two faces of the frames are sprayed as one goes out successively, the average total number of sprays being approximately 20 to 30 for each hive.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Composition liquide destinée à supprimer ou atténuer l'agressivité des abeilles, caractérisée en ce qu elle est constituée par une émulsion ou dispersion aqueuse contenant au moins un agent actif choisi dans le groupe : acide acétique, acide mono ou polyhalogénoacétique, sels alcalins de ces acides. 1. Liquid composition intended to suppress or attenuate the aggressiveness of bees, characterized in that it consists of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion containing at least one active agent chosen from the group: acetic acid, mono or polyhaloacetic acid, alkaline salts of these acids. 2. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle renferme 4 à 40 % en volume dudit agent actif ou produit en contenant. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 4 to 40% by volume of said active agent or product containing it. 3. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle renferme en outre 0,01 à 15 % (volume) de citral ou homologue adjacent de cet aldéhyde. 3. Composition according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it also contains 0.01 to 15% (volume) of citral or adjacent homolog of this aldehyde. 4. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient en outre 0,01 à 15 % en volume de l'un au moins des composants de la phéromone de la glande de Nassanoff. 4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it also contains 0.01 to 15% by volume of at least one of the components of the pheromone of the Nassanoff gland. 5. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'émulsion est obtenue par addition d'une petite quantité d'un agent émulsionnant non ionique et en ce qu'elle contient en outre un agent antioxydant du type acide citrique ou équivalent. 5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the emulsion is obtained by addition of a small amount of a nonionic emulsifying agent and in that it also contains an antioxidant agent of citric acid type or equivalent. 6. Procédé de lutte contre les piqûres d'abeilles, notamment lors de l'ouverture et des manipulations des ruches, caractérisé en ce que l'on vaporise sur les cadres de la ruche, à l'aide d'un pulvérisateur à eau conventionnel, un fin brouillard d'une émulsion ou dispersion aqueuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5.  6. Method for combating bee stings, in particular during the opening and handling of the hives, characterized in that one sprays on the frames of the hive, using a conventional water sprayer , a fine mist of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
FR8600677A 1986-01-20 1986-01-20 Composition and method for decreasing the aggressiveness of bees Withdrawn FR2593023A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8600677A FR2593023A1 (en) 1986-01-20 1986-01-20 Composition and method for decreasing the aggressiveness of bees

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8600677A FR2593023A1 (en) 1986-01-20 1986-01-20 Composition and method for decreasing the aggressiveness of bees

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FR2593023A1 true FR2593023A1 (en) 1987-07-24

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0993302A1 (en) * 1997-06-23 2000-04-19 Hauser Inc. Storage stable, citrus-flavored compositions comprising plant extracts
DE10130449A1 (en) * 2001-06-23 2003-01-09 Martin Schmidt Inhalable sedative and hypnotic medicaments, e.g. containing benzodiazepine active agent, having high bioavailability and rapid action
US6595828B2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2003-07-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Synthetic bee pollen foraging pheromone and uses thereof
WO2017183998A1 (en) 2016-04-19 2017-10-26 Icb Pharma Spółka Jawna Bees attracting and bee tranquilizing composition and their use in agriculture, horticulture and apiculture
FR3055770A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-16 Snt Thomas ELECTRONIC SMALL FURNITURE

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR958292A (en) * 1950-03-06
US2900300A (en) * 1955-04-04 1959-08-18 Stewart R Taylor Method and composition for pacifying bees
FR1305960A (en) * 1960-11-28 1962-10-13 Nat Res Dev Process for controlling the activity of bees, substance for its implementation and its preparation process
US3122473A (en) * 1962-02-27 1964-02-25 Jr Jonathan W White Method of repelling bees with acetic and propionic acids
US3456056A (en) * 1964-05-13 1969-07-15 John J Reich Method for repelling bees
FR2501007A1 (en) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-10 Nat Res Dev SYNTHETIC PHEROMONE OF BEES AND PROCESS USING SUCH APPAT TO ATTRACT A COLONY OF BEES TO A HUNT OR TRAP
EP0164629A1 (en) * 1984-06-04 1985-12-18 Bayer Ag Process for combating varoatose in bees

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR958292A (en) * 1950-03-06
US2900300A (en) * 1955-04-04 1959-08-18 Stewart R Taylor Method and composition for pacifying bees
FR1305960A (en) * 1960-11-28 1962-10-13 Nat Res Dev Process for controlling the activity of bees, substance for its implementation and its preparation process
US3122473A (en) * 1962-02-27 1964-02-25 Jr Jonathan W White Method of repelling bees with acetic and propionic acids
US3456056A (en) * 1964-05-13 1969-07-15 John J Reich Method for repelling bees
FR2501007A1 (en) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-10 Nat Res Dev SYNTHETIC PHEROMONE OF BEES AND PROCESS USING SUCH APPAT TO ATTRACT A COLONY OF BEES TO A HUNT OR TRAP
EP0164629A1 (en) * 1984-06-04 1985-12-18 Bayer Ag Process for combating varoatose in bees

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0993302A1 (en) * 1997-06-23 2000-04-19 Hauser Inc. Storage stable, citrus-flavored compositions comprising plant extracts
EP0993302A4 (en) * 1997-06-23 2004-04-28 Hauser Inc Storage stable, citrus-flavored compositions comprising plant extracts
US6595828B2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2003-07-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Synthetic bee pollen foraging pheromone and uses thereof
DE10130449A1 (en) * 2001-06-23 2003-01-09 Martin Schmidt Inhalable sedative and hypnotic medicaments, e.g. containing benzodiazepine active agent, having high bioavailability and rapid action
WO2017183998A1 (en) 2016-04-19 2017-10-26 Icb Pharma Spółka Jawna Bees attracting and bee tranquilizing composition and their use in agriculture, horticulture and apiculture
RU2739080C2 (en) * 2016-04-19 2020-12-21 АйСиБи ФАРМА СПУЛКА ЯВНА Composition for attracting and calming bees and use thereof in agriculture, horticulture and beekeeping
US11051511B2 (en) 2016-04-19 2021-07-06 Icb Pharma Spolka Jawna Bees attracting and bee tranquilizing composition and their use in agriculture, horticulture and apiculture
FR3055770A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-16 Snt Thomas ELECTRONIC SMALL FURNITURE
WO2018051030A1 (en) 2016-09-14 2018-03-22 Snt Thomas Electronic bee smoker

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