FR2494829A3 - Coaxial fluid heat exchanger - has container with helicoidally waved pipes for liquid flowing in opposing directions - Google Patents

Coaxial fluid heat exchanger - has container with helicoidally waved pipes for liquid flowing in opposing directions Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2494829A3
FR2494829A3 FR8025028A FR8025028A FR2494829A3 FR 2494829 A3 FR2494829 A3 FR 2494829A3 FR 8025028 A FR8025028 A FR 8025028A FR 8025028 A FR8025028 A FR 8025028A FR 2494829 A3 FR2494829 A3 FR 2494829A3
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
helicoidally
circuits
tubes
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8025028A
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French (fr)
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FR2494829B3 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Thevenet
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Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Priority to FR8025028A priority Critical patent/FR2494829A3/en
Publication of FR2494829A3 publication Critical patent/FR2494829A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2494829B3 publication Critical patent/FR2494829B3/fr
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0265Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/022Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/08Tubular elements crimped or corrugated in longitudinal section
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The coaxial heat exchanger can be used either as an evaporator or condenser. It has a tubular envelope (4) inside which is a pipe with two separate circulation circuits (5,5a), of two fluids in thermal contact. The inner pipe has undulations milled or pressed helicoidally on its surface. This also deforms the wall inside to cause fluid turbulence to assist heat exchange. The two circuits are fed at connecting points at the end of the assembly. One connection has a deflector (10) before the tube end.

Description

On sait que dans la technique des transferts de chaleur on désigne couramment sous le nom de échangeurs coaxiaux des appareils comprenant une enveloppe tubulaire à l'intérieur de laquelle sont disposés, parallèlement à l'axe de ladite enveloppe, un ou plusieurs tubes qui définissent ainsi deux circuits séparés pour la circulation, le plus souvent à contre-courant, des deux gaz ou liquides à mettre en contact. L'ensemble formé par l'enveloppe et le ou les tubes intérieurs est généralement enroulé en hélice ou en spirale afin de réaliser des serpentins susceptibles de fournir un rendement d'échange calorique élevé sous un encombrement particulièrement réduit. It is known that in the heat transfer technique is commonly designated by the name of coaxial exchangers devices comprising a tubular envelope inside which are arranged, parallel to the axis of said envelope, one or more tubes which thus define two separate circuits for circulation, usually against the current, of the two gases or liquids to be brought into contact. The assembly formed by the envelope and the inner tube or tubes is generally wound in a helix or a spiral in order to produce coils capable of providing a high caloric exchange efficiency in a particularly reduced space requirement.

Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à permettre l'obtention d'échangeurs coaxiaux qui soient spécialement bien adaptés pour constituer des évaporateurs ou des échangeurs destinés aux pompes à chaleur et autres machines frigorifiques à faible puissance. The improvements which are the subject of the present invention are intended to enable coaxial exchangers to be obtained which are specially well suited for constituting evaporators or exchangers intended for heat pumps and other low-power refrigeration machines.

L'échangeur suivant l'invention est essentiellement remarquable en ce que que le ou les tubes disposés à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe présentent des ondulations obtenues par un moletage ou repoussage appliqué hélicoïda- lement sur I'extérieur desdits tubes, de façon à déformer aussi bien la paroi intérieure qu'extérieure de ceux-ci. The exchanger according to the invention is essentially remarkable in that the tube or tubes placed inside the envelope have undulations obtained by knurling or embossing applied helically on the outside of said tubes, so as to deform both the inner and outer wall thereof.

Les essais auxquels a procédé la Demanderesse ont démontré que le profil ondulé des tubes internes de ltéchangeur déterminait sur les fluides ou liquides qui circulent dans lesdits tubes comme dans l'espace interstitiel de l'enveloppe, des turbulences qui augmentent de manière étonnante le coefficient d'échange thermique et qui remplacent de manière particulièrement avantageuse, aussi bien sur le plan du rendement que sur celui du prix de revient, l'augmentation de surface jusqu'ici recherchée dans la technique, augmentation de surface qui est généralement obtenue en prévoyant des ailettes ou en créant des surfaces secondaires sur les tubes intérieurs. The tests carried out by the Applicant have demonstrated that the corrugated profile of the internal tubes of the exchanger determines, on the fluids or liquids which circulate in said tubes as in the interstitial space of the envelope, turbulences which surprisingly increase the coefficient d heat exchange and which replace in a particularly advantageous manner, both in terms of efficiency and in terms of cost price, the increase in surface area hitherto sought in the art, increase in surface area which is generally obtained by providing fins or by creating secondary surfaces on the inner tubes.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer
Fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur coaxial établi conformément à l'invention.
The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a coaxial exchanger established in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 en est une coupe à plus grande échelle montrant la section de l'une des spires de l'échangeur suivant fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale showing the section of one of the turns of the exchanger according to FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 est une coupe longitudinale de l'une des extrémités de l'appareil.  Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through one of the ends of the device.

L'échangeur représenté en fig. 1 se présente extérieurement à la manière des appareils classiques et comprend un serpentin 1 à profil hélicoldal, pourvu de deux têtes de raccordement 2 et fixé à un support inférieur 3. The exchanger shown in fig. 1 is presented externally in the manner of conventional apparatuses and comprises a coil 1 with a helical profile, provided with two connection heads 2 and fixed to a lower support 3.

Comme illustré en fig. 2 et 3 le serpentin 1 est constitué par une enveloppe ou virole 4 à section circulaire, dont les parois extérieure et intérieure sont prévues lisses. A l'intérieur de cette enveloppe 4 sont disposés trois tubes 5 qui s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe de ladite enveloppe ; comme plus particulièrement visible en fig. 3, chaque tube 5 a subi, préalablement à son engagement dans l'enveloppe 4 et au cintrage de celle-ci, une opération de moletage opérée sur la paroi extérieure de façon à repousser le métal sans enlèvement de copeaux et à imprimer ainsi une sorte de rainure hélicoidale, laquelle détermine une série d'ondulations régulières sur les faces extérieure et intérieure du tube considéré.Ce moletage est avantageusement arreté à une courte distance de chacune des extrémités de chaque tube 5, afin de déterminer des embouts Sa à paroi lisse. As illustrated in fig. 2 and 3 the coil 1 is constituted by an envelope or ferrule 4 of circular section, the outer and inner walls of which are provided smooth. Inside this envelope 4 are arranged three tubes 5 which extend parallel to the axis of said envelope; as more particularly visible in fig. 3, each tube 5 has undergone, prior to its engagement in the casing 4 and the bending of the latter, a knurling operation carried out on the outer wall so as to repel the metal without removing chips and thus to print a sort of helical groove, which determines a series of regular undulations on the external and internal faces of the tube considered. This knurling is advantageously stopped at a short distance from each of the ends of each tube 5, in order to determine end caps Sa with smooth wall.

Ce sont ces embouts lisses Sa qui pénètrent à l'intérieur du manchon 6 qui constitue chaque tête 2. Ce manchon 6 comporte une tubulure latérale 7 orientée radialement par rapport à l'axe dudit manchon, ainsi qu'une entretoise transversale 8 disposée au-delà du débouché de la tubulure précitée. L'entretoise 8 est percée de trois ouvertures dans lesquelles sont engagés et brasés les embouts lisses Sa des tubes 5. It is these smooth ends Sa which penetrate inside the sleeve 6 which constitutes each head 2. This sleeve 6 comprises a lateral tube 7 oriented radially with respect to the axis of said sleeve, as well as a transverse spacer 8 disposed au- beyond the outlet of the aforementioned tubing. The spacer 8 is pierced with three openings in which the smooth ends Sa of the tubes 5 are engaged and brazed.

Au-delà de cette entretoise chaque tête 2 est préférablement munie d'une pièce de réduction 9.Beyond this spacer each head 2 is preferably provided with a reduction part 9.

Ainsi qu'on l'a indiqué plus haut, les essais ont démontré qu'un tel échangeur assurait un transfert thermique optimal, en dépit de la simplicité de la construction, et ce par suite des turbulences engendrées par les ondulations des tubes 5 aussi bien sur le fluide qui parcourt lesdits tubes que sur celui qui circule dans l'espace interstitiel ménagé par lesdits tubes dans l'enveloppe 4. Dans le cas d'une machine frigorifique telle qu'une pompe à chaleur, le liquide caloporteur (eau par exemple) sera introduit par la tubulure latérale 7 de la tête supérieure 2 si l'appareil est utilisé comme évaporateur, de la tête inférieure 2 s'il doit s'agir d'un condenseur ; ce liquide circule dans l'espace interstitiel précité, tandis que le circuit de fluide frigorigène en évaporation ou en condensation sera raccordé aux pièces de réduction 9 de façon à circuler à contre-courant à l'intérieur des tubes 5. As indicated above, tests have shown that such an exchanger ensures optimal heat transfer, despite the simplicity of construction, and this as a result of the turbulence caused by the corrugations of the tubes 5 as well on the fluid which traverses said tubes than on that which circulates in the interstitial space formed by said tubes in the casing 4. In the case of a refrigerating machine such as a heat pump, the heat transfer liquid (water for example ) will be introduced through the lateral tube 7 of the upper head 2 if the device is used as an evaporator, of the lower head 2 if it must be a condenser; this liquid circulates in the aforementioned interstitial space, while the evaporating or condensing refrigerant circuit will be connected to the reduction pieces 9 so as to flow against the current inside the tubes 5.

Il convient en outre d'observer que l'échangeur suivant l'invention peut être considéré comme réversible, en permettant d'inverseur le cycle de réfrigération et d'assurer périodiquement le dégivrage rapide de l'appareil. Cette caractéristique de réversibilité simplifie les installations qui incorporent un tel échangeur. It should also be observed that the exchanger according to the invention can be considered as reversible, by permitting reversing the refrigeration cycle and periodically ensuring rapid defrosting of the device. This reversibility characteristic simplifies installations which incorporate such an exchanger.

Les essais ont également démontré que l'échangeur suivant l'invention était apte à fonctionner avec de très faibles écarts de température, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux dans l'industrie des pompes à chaleur. The tests also demonstrated that the exchanger according to the invention was able to operate with very small temperature differences, which is particularly advantageous in the heat pump industry.

La perte de charge est remarquablement réduite.The pressure drop is remarkably reduced.

Il va de soi que l'enveloppe 4 peut renfermer un nombre quelconque de tubes intérieurs ondulés 5, le nombre de trois évoqué ci-dessus n'ayant été choisi que pour illustrer l'application de l'invention à un cas pratique et n'étant donc nullement limitatif. On notera encore qu'afin d'assurer une répartition optimale du fluide dans les différents tubes 5 il s'est révélé avantageux de prévoir dans la tête 2 servant à l'admission dudit fluide à travers la pièce 9 correspondante, un écran ou déflecteur transversal disposé à une très faible distance en amont des extrémités des tubes précités, tel que celui schématisé en 10 en fig. 3. It goes without saying that the casing 4 may contain any number of corrugated inner tubes 5, the number of three mentioned above having been chosen only to illustrate the application of the invention to a practical case and does not therefore being in no way limiting. It will also be noted that in order to ensure optimal distribution of the fluid in the various tubes 5, it has proved advantageous to provide in the head 2 serving for the admission of said fluid through the corresponding part 9, a screen or transverse deflector. disposed at a very small distance upstream from the ends of the aforementioned tubes, such as that shown schematically in 10 in FIG. 3.

Il doit d'ailleurs être entendu que la description qui précède n'a été donnée qu'à titre d'exemple et qu'elle ne limite nullement le domaine de l'invention dont on ne sortirait pas en remplaçant les détails d'exécution décrits par tous autres équivalents.  It should moreover be understood that the above description has been given only by way of example and that it in no way limits the field of the invention from which one would not depart by replacing the execution details described by all other equivalents.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Echangeur de chaleur du type coaxial, susceptible notamment de former indifféremment évaporateur ou condenseur dans une machine frigorifique, du genre comprenant une enveloppe tubulaire à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposé au moins un tube qui définit deux circuits séparés pour la circulation, notamment à contre-conrant, des deux fluides à mettre en contact, caractérisé en ce que le tube interne présente des ondulations obtenues par un moletage ou repoussage appliqué hélicofdalement sur l'extérieur dudit tube, de façon à déformer aussi bien la paroi intérieure qu'extérieure de celui-ci et à engendrer ainsi dans les deux circuits des turbulences qui favorisent l'échange thermique. 1. Heat exchanger of the coaxial type, capable in particular of forming either an evaporator or a condenser in a refrigeration machine, of the type comprising a tubular envelope inside which is arranged at least one tube which defines two separate circuits for circulation, in particular against the counter, of the two fluids to be brought into contact, characterized in that the internal tube has undulations obtained by knurling or pushing applied helically to the outside of said tube, so as to deform both the internal and external walls of it and thus generate turbulence in the two circuits which promote heat exchange. 2. Echangeur suivant la revendication 1, du genre multi-tubes et dans lequel l'alimentation des deux circuits est effectuée au niveau de têtes de raccordement prévues aux extrémités de l'ensemble, caractérisé en ce que l'une au moins des têtes comporte un déflecteur disposé immédiatement en amont de l'extrémité des tubes intérieurs de façon à améliorer la répartition du fluide dans les différents tubes.  2. Exchanger according to claim 1, of the multi-tube type and in which the supply of the two circuits is carried out at the level of connection heads provided at the ends of the assembly, characterized in that at least one of the heads comprises a deflector disposed immediately upstream of the end of the inner tubes so as to improve the distribution of the fluid in the different tubes.
FR8025028A 1980-11-21 1980-11-21 Coaxial fluid heat exchanger - has container with helicoidally waved pipes for liquid flowing in opposing directions Granted FR2494829A3 (en)

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FR8025028A FR2494829A3 (en) 1980-11-21 1980-11-21 Coaxial fluid heat exchanger - has container with helicoidally waved pipes for liquid flowing in opposing directions

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119606A2 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-09-26 Hans Dr. Viessmann Heat exchanger
FR2561364A1 (en) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-20 Raif Spa REFRIGERATION CIRCUIT FOR PACKAGING LIQUIDS USING A EVAPORATOR-EXCHANGER IN WHICH THE RESPECTIVE FLUIDS FLOW IN DIRECTIONS OPPOSED IN THE MANNER AS "CURRENT"
FR2590357A1 (en) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-22 Telecommunications Sa Cooling device with Joule-Thomson expansion and its application to photodetectors
FR2648549A1 (en) * 1989-06-14 1990-12-21 Carnier Corp Manifold for heat exchanger of the tube-in-tube type
US5004047A (en) * 1989-06-14 1991-04-02 Carrier Corporation Header for a tube-in-tube heat exchanger
DE19624937A1 (en) * 1996-06-22 1998-01-02 Dickgreber Johannes Heat exchanger
ITRM20090614A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-25 Fontecal S P A CONDENSER HEAT EXCHANGER WITH DOUBLE PIPING FOR HEATING WATER AND / OR PRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC HOT WATER.
WO2012078609A3 (en) * 2010-12-06 2013-01-03 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Combined colling of lube/seal oil and sample coolers
US20140262185A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Turbotedc Products, Inc. Heat Exchanger Containing Multiple Tubes, and Method of Making and Using Same
CN104848713A (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 杭州沈氏节能科技股份有限公司 Heat exchanger with multi-start helical fluted tube

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441270A (en) * 1944-09-16 1948-05-11 Peerless Of America Refrigerating system and heat exchanger therefor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441270A (en) * 1944-09-16 1948-05-11 Peerless Of America Refrigerating system and heat exchanger therefor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119606A2 (en) * 1983-03-17 1984-09-26 Hans Dr. Viessmann Heat exchanger
EP0119606A3 (en) * 1983-03-17 1985-03-13 Hans Dr. Viessmann Heat exchanger
FR2561364A1 (en) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-20 Raif Spa REFRIGERATION CIRCUIT FOR PACKAGING LIQUIDS USING A EVAPORATOR-EXCHANGER IN WHICH THE RESPECTIVE FLUIDS FLOW IN DIRECTIONS OPPOSED IN THE MANNER AS "CURRENT"
FR2590357A1 (en) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-22 Telecommunications Sa Cooling device with Joule-Thomson expansion and its application to photodetectors
FR2648549A1 (en) * 1989-06-14 1990-12-21 Carnier Corp Manifold for heat exchanger of the tube-in-tube type
US5004047A (en) * 1989-06-14 1991-04-02 Carrier Corporation Header for a tube-in-tube heat exchanger
DE19624937A1 (en) * 1996-06-22 1998-01-02 Dickgreber Johannes Heat exchanger
WO2011064804A2 (en) 2009-11-24 2011-06-03 Fontecal S.P.A. Double tubing condensation exchanger for heating water and/or for producing sanitary hot water
ITRM20090614A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-25 Fontecal S P A CONDENSER HEAT EXCHANGER WITH DOUBLE PIPING FOR HEATING WATER AND / OR PRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC HOT WATER.
WO2011064804A3 (en) * 2009-11-24 2012-05-10 Fontecal S.P.A. Double tubing condensation exchanger for heating water and/or for producing sanitary hot water
CN102713453A (en) * 2009-11-24 2012-10-03 方泰克股份公司 Double tubing condensation exchanger for heating water and/or for producing sanitary hot water
CN102713453B (en) * 2009-11-24 2015-05-27 方泰克股份公司 Double tubing condensation exchanger for heating water and/or for producing sanitary hot water
WO2012078609A3 (en) * 2010-12-06 2013-01-03 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Combined colling of lube/seal oil and sample coolers
US9052146B2 (en) 2010-12-06 2015-06-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Combined cooling of lube/seal oil and sample coolers
US20140262185A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Turbotedc Products, Inc. Heat Exchanger Containing Multiple Tubes, and Method of Making and Using Same
CN104848713A (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 杭州沈氏节能科技股份有限公司 Heat exchanger with multi-start helical fluted tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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