FR2477373A1 - Asymmetrical double-curved guide - opens ocean trawl net vertically or horizontally due to differential pressures - Google Patents
Asymmetrical double-curved guide - opens ocean trawl net vertically or horizontally due to differential pressures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2477373A1 FR2477373A1 FR8004996A FR8004996A FR2477373A1 FR 2477373 A1 FR2477373 A1 FR 2477373A1 FR 8004996 A FR8004996 A FR 8004996A FR 8004996 A FR8004996 A FR 8004996A FR 2477373 A1 FR2477373 A1 FR 2477373A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- divergent
- trawl
- ocean
- asymmetrical double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K73/00—Drawn nets
- A01K73/02—Trawling nets
- A01K73/04—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof
- A01K73/045—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof for lateral sheering, e.g. trawl boards
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne les profils des panneaux divergents ou élévateurs utilisés dans la puche hauturiere et qui permettent d'obtenir l'ouverture maximale d'un chalut remorque par un chalutier, soit entre deux eaux, soit sur le fond. L'in- vention se réfère à la mécanique des fluides et en particulier à l'hydrodynamique. The present invention relates to the profiles of the divergent or lifting panels used in the deep-sea fishing vessel and which make it possible to obtain the maximum opening of a trawl trailer by a trawler, either between two waters or on the bottom. The invention relates to the mechanics of fluids and in particular to hydrodynamics.
Dans les fabrications connues de ces panneaux, on utilise des profils plats, des profils courbes ou encore des profils courbes avec fentes d'écoulement de l'sau. Le but recherché est toujours d'obtenir l'écartement maximum du panneau remorqué, donc d'ouvrir plus grand la chalut pour assurer une meilleure capture. In the known manufacture of these panels, flat profiles, curved profiles or even curved profiles with water flow slots are used. The aim is always to obtain the maximum spacing of the towed panel, therefore to open the trawl wider to ensure better capture.
Cependant, les lois de l'hydrodynamique nous montrent qutun profil courbe asymetrique donne une meilleure portance dans le fluide que le profil courbe symétrique. D'autre parte les mêmes lois nous montrent aussi que la trainés du panneau à profil connu est proportionnelle à 1 sangle d'sttaqeu, c'est à dire l'angle compris entre les filets d'eau et le plan moyen du panneau.However, the laws of hydrodynamics show us that an asymmetric curved profile gives better lift in the fluid than the symmetrical curved profile. On the other hand the same laws also show us that the drag of the panel with known profile is proportional to 1 strap of sttaqeu, ie the angle between the water streams and the mean plane of the panel.
Cette treinée impose une augmentation de la puissance moteur donc de la consommation énergétique du bateau. I1 importe donc de réduire la trainee, c'est à dire l'angle d'attaqeu, tout en conservant une portance maximale pour mieux ouvrir le chalut.This trine requires an increase in engine power and therefore in the energy consumption of the boat. It is therefore important to reduce the drag, that is to say the angle of attack, while maintaining maximum lift to better open the trawl.
Les profils des panneaux selon l'invention permettent d'obtenir une portance maximale tout en réduisant la trainée hydrodynamique. Ce sont des profils à double courbure asymétri- que. The profiles of the panels according to the invention make it possible to obtain maximum lift while reducing the hydrodynamic drag. These are asymmetrical double curvature profiles.
Selon une premiâre variante, le profil à double courbure asymetrique est dans le sens de la longueur. Le panneau est suffisamment lesté pour aller au fond. Cgest la pêche de fond. According to a first variant, the asymmetrical double curvature profile is lengthwise. The panel is ballasted enough to go to the bottom. Cgest bottom fishing.
Selon une deuxième variante, le profil à double courbure asymétrique est dans le sens de la largeur. Le panneau délesté travaille entre deux eaux. Sa hauteur par rapport au fond est directement proportionnelle à la vitesse du navire. C'est la pêche dite pélagique. According to a second variant, the asymmetrical double curvature profile is in the width direction. The relieved panel works between two waters. Its height from the bottom is directly proportional to the speed of the ship. This is known as pelagic fishing.
Selon une troisiâme variante, le profil est aussi dans le sens de la largeur mais un caisson ouvrable situé en bas du panneau permet son lestage. Vide, le panneau travaille entre deux eaux. Lesté, il travaille au fond. C'est un panneau à double usage qui sert à la pêche de fond ou à la pêche pélagique. According to a third variant, the profile is also in the width direction but an openable box located at the bottom of the panel allows its ballasting. Empty, the panel works between two waters. Weighted, it works at the bottom. It is a dual-use panel that is used for bottom fishing or pelagic fishing.
Selon une quatrième variante, le panneau travaille horizon tapement. Le profil à double courbure asymétrique est dans le sens de la largeur. C'est un panneau élévateur monté en cerf volant par dessus l'entrée du chalut pour l'ouvrir en hauteur. According to a fourth variant, the panel works tapping horizon. The asymmetrical double curvature profile is across the width. It is a lifting panel mounted as a kite over the entrance of the trawl to open it in height.
Les dessins annexés montrent ( Fig.1 ) une vus générale en plan d'un chalut de fond équipé de panneaux à profils connus, ainsi que l'angle d'attaque moyen de ces panneaux, comme on le constate au bassin d'essai. La figure 2 montre le vecteur de portance P1 résultant d'un profil courbe symétrique. La figure 3 montre le vecteur de portance P2 résultant d'un profil courbe aymétrique. La figure 4 montre les vecteurs P2 et P3 ainsi que le couple autour de l'axe Y qui résultent du profil à double courbure asymétrique. La figure 5 montre une diminution de l'angle d'attaque du panneau à double courbure asymétrique, tel qutil est mesuré au bassin d'essai, ceci avec un écartement supérieur du chalut. La figure 6 est un plan et une coupe selon AC du panneau à profil selon l'invention. The attached drawings show (Fig. 1) a general plan view of a bottom trawl equipped with panels with known profiles, as well as the average angle of attack of these panels, as can be seen in the test basin. Figure 2 shows the lift vector P1 resulting from a symmetrical curved profile. FIG. 3 shows the lift vector P2 resulting from an asymmetrical curved profile. Figure 4 shows the vectors P2 and P3 as well as the torque around the Y axis which result from the asymmetric double curvature profile. Figure 5 shows a decrease in the angle of attack of the asymmetric double curvature panel, as measured in the test tank, with a greater spacing of the trawl. Figure 6 is a plan and a section along AC of the profile panel according to the invention.
Tel qu'il est représenté, le profil I du panneau divergent à double courbure asymétrique est exécuté en tôle d'acier. On peut utiliser tout autre matériau rigide. La corde de la grands courbe A-B est de longueur égale aux trois quarts de la longueur totale. La corde de la petite courbe 3C est égale au quart de la longueur totale. Le panneau est muni d'une ferrure de remor- quage 2 dite branchen. dans laquelle on perce des trous dont les centres sont au quart et au tiers de la longueur totale. Le bas du panneau est muni d'un caisson 5 dont l'enveloppe est un parallelogramme. Ce caisson est arrondi à ses extrémités 6 et 7 ou à l'une d'elles seulement et reçoit une semelle 8 en acier dur
Le branchon 2 est à l'intérieur de la grande courbe ou sur sa corde.A l'extérieur, vers l'arrière du panneau, on fixe quatre boucles 9 10 11 et 12 qui reçoivent les cêbles reliés au chalut.As shown, profile I of the divergent panel with asymmetrical double curvature is made of sheet steel. Any other rigid material can be used. The chord of the large AB curve is of length equal to three quarters of the total length. The cord of the small curve 3C is equal to a quarter of the total length. The panel is provided with a towing fitting 2 called branchen. in which holes are drilled whose centers are a quarter and a third of the total length. The bottom of the panel is provided with a box 5, the envelope of which is a parallelogram. This box is rounded at its ends 6 and 7 or at one of them only and receives a sole 8 of hard steel
The branch 2 is inside the large curve or on its rope. Outside, towards the rear of the panel, four loops 9 10 11 and 12 are fixed which receive the cables connected to the trawl.
Quand le navire tire les panneaux à double courbure asymétrique par un cible relié au branchon, l'écoulement des filets d'eau crée deux vecteurs de portance inverses, l'un en a-vant de l'axe Y, l'autre plus petit vers l'arrière de Y. Un couple est ainsi formé. Le panneau s'écarte vers l'extérieur et ouvre le chalut. When the ship pulls the asymmetrical double curvature panels by a target connected to the branch, the flow of the water streams creates two inverse lift vectors, one in front of the Y axis, the other smaller towards the rear of Y. A couple is thus formed. The panel moves outward and opens the trawl.
L'angle d'attaque reste au-dessous de 300 alors que la valeur habituelle est de l'ordre de 45 . Ceci a pour effet de diminuer la trainée donc la puissance moteur nécessaire. The angle of attack remains below 300 while the usual value is around 45. This has the effect of reducing the drag therefore the engine power required.
Il y a économie d'énergie. There is energy saving.
La portance, donc l'écartement du chalut est maintenue à sa valeur maximale. The lift, therefore the spacing of the trawl is maintained at its maximum value.
Le profil à double courbure asymétrique peut Outre utilisé dans toutes les fabrications de panneaux divergents ou élévateurs pour la pêche hauturière. Il peut aussi trouver des applica- tions dans toutes les fabrications d'objets se déplaçant dans l'eau quand on recherche leur portance maximale mais où il importe de diminuer la traînée pour économiser l'énergie. The asymmetrical double curvature profile can additionally used in all the manufacturing of divergent or elevating panels for deep sea fishing. It can also find applications in all the manufacture of objects moving in water when one seeks their maximum bearing capacity but where it is important to reduce the drag to save energy.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8004996A FR2477373A1 (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1980-03-05 | Asymmetrical double-curved guide - opens ocean trawl net vertically or horizontally due to differential pressures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8004996A FR2477373A1 (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1980-03-05 | Asymmetrical double-curved guide - opens ocean trawl net vertically or horizontally due to differential pressures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2477373A1 true FR2477373A1 (en) | 1981-09-11 |
Family
ID=9239364
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8004996A Withdrawn FR2477373A1 (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1980-03-05 | Asymmetrical double-curved guide - opens ocean trawl net vertically or horizontally due to differential pressures |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2477373A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2523542A1 (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1983-09-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROFILE ELEMENT FOR LATERALLY DEPORTING A TRAILER ASSEMBLY IN RELATION TO THE TRAILER'S TRACK |
US5357892A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-10-25 | Geco A.S. | Deflector |
CN103271005A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Small aspect ratio rectangular double-curved-surface surface and middle layer net plate |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR597185A (en) * | 1924-04-29 | 1925-11-14 | Trawl training | |
FR643948A (en) * | 1927-04-20 | 1928-09-25 | Trawling gear upgrades | |
FR1039358A (en) * | 1950-07-24 | 1953-10-06 | Improvements to lifting gear or kites for trawling equipment | |
FR1148326A (en) * | 1956-05-02 | 1957-12-06 | Volkswerft Stralsund Veb | Float daggerboard for fishing nets and similar applications |
FR2168481A1 (en) * | 1972-01-18 | 1973-08-31 | Mustad Stoperi Mekanisk Verkst | |
US4180935A (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1980-01-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Hydrofoil trawl door |
-
1980
- 1980-03-05 FR FR8004996A patent/FR2477373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR597185A (en) * | 1924-04-29 | 1925-11-14 | Trawl training | |
FR643948A (en) * | 1927-04-20 | 1928-09-25 | Trawling gear upgrades | |
FR1039358A (en) * | 1950-07-24 | 1953-10-06 | Improvements to lifting gear or kites for trawling equipment | |
FR1148326A (en) * | 1956-05-02 | 1957-12-06 | Volkswerft Stralsund Veb | Float daggerboard for fishing nets and similar applications |
FR2168481A1 (en) * | 1972-01-18 | 1973-08-31 | Mustad Stoperi Mekanisk Verkst | |
US4180935A (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1980-01-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Hydrofoil trawl door |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2523542A1 (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1983-09-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROFILE ELEMENT FOR LATERALLY DEPORTING A TRAILER ASSEMBLY IN RELATION TO THE TRAILER'S TRACK |
US5357892A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-10-25 | Geco A.S. | Deflector |
CN103271005A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Small aspect ratio rectangular double-curved-surface surface and middle layer net plate |
CN103271005B (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Small aspect ratio rectangular double-curved-surface surface and middle layer net plate |
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ST | Notification of lapse |