FR2473834A1 - Soldering micro-components onto printed circuits - using liq. heated to above solder m.pt. to heat substrate - Google Patents

Soldering micro-components onto printed circuits - using liq. heated to above solder m.pt. to heat substrate Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2473834A1
FR2473834A1 FR8000616A FR8000616A FR2473834A1 FR 2473834 A1 FR2473834 A1 FR 2473834A1 FR 8000616 A FR8000616 A FR 8000616A FR 8000616 A FR8000616 A FR 8000616A FR 2473834 A1 FR2473834 A1 FR 2473834A1
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France
Prior art keywords
printed circuit
microcomponents
solder
soldering
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8000616A
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French (fr)
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FR2473834B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Bellevegue
Pierre Fournier
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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Priority to FR8000616A priority Critical patent/FR2473834A1/en
Publication of FR2473834A1 publication Critical patent/FR2473834A1/en
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Publication of FR2473834B1 publication Critical patent/FR2473834B1/fr
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3473Plating of solder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/11Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K1/111Pads for surface mounting, e.g. lay-out
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3431Leadless components
    • H05K3/3442Leadless components having edge contacts, e.g. leadless chip capacitors, chip carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3494Heating methods for reflowing of solder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/0332Structure of the conductor
    • H05K2201/0335Layered conductors or foils
    • H05K2201/0338Layered conductor, e.g. layered metal substrate, layered finish layer, layered thin film adhesion layer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09209Shape and layout details of conductors
    • H05K2201/09654Shape and layout details of conductors covering at least two types of conductors provided for in H05K2201/09218 - H05K2201/095
    • H05K2201/0969Apertured conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10636Leadless chip, e.g. chip capacitor or resistor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/04Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
    • H05K2203/048Self-alignment during soldering; Terminals, pads or shape of solder adapted therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/04Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
    • H05K2203/0485Tacky flux, e.g. for adhering components during mounting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/07Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
    • H05K2203/0756Uses of liquids, e.g. rinsing, coating, dissolving
    • H05K2203/0776Uses of liquids not otherwise provided for in H05K2203/0759 - H05K2203/0773
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/15Position of the PCB during processing
    • H05K2203/1581Treating the backside of the PCB, e.g. for heating during soldering or providing a liquid coating on the backside
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3452Solder masks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3463Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3489Composition of fluxes; Methods of application thereof; Other methods of activating the contact surfaces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

Method of soldering microcomponents onto a printed circuit consisting of a substrate having at least one surface metallised then engraved, comprises (a) electrolytic deposition of an alloy forming the solder onto the metal parts of the printed circuit, (b) placing the microcomponents of the circuit normally or automatically onto the circuit, (c) melting the solder alloy metal using a liq. heated to a temp. above the melting point of the joint and placing the liq. in contact with the part of the circuit not contg. any microcomponents. The solder metal can be deposited in uniform thickness at every joint to be made, thus improving the packing density and ensuring improved yield of joints, made automatically. The components are not over heated, either individually or overall, avoiding destruction or deterioration occurring in prior art.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de soudure des microcomposants sur des circuits imprimés, et les circuits imprimés équipés ainsi réalisés. The present invention relates to a method for soldering microcomponents to printed circuits, and to the equipped printed circuits thus produced.

L'utilisation de microcomposants dans les dispositifs électroniques est de plus en plus fréquente; ils sont très employés notamment dans la réalisation de dispositifs dessinés à travailler dans le domaine des hautes fréquences. The use of microcomponents in electronic devices is more and more frequent; they are widely used in particular in the production of devices designed to work in the high frequency field.

La fabrication en série de tels circuits imprimés nécessite d'une part un contrôle précis de l'épaisseur de soudure déposée sur les parties métallisées du substrat, afin de permettre notamment une implantation automatisée des microcomposants et une meilleure fiabilité, et d'autre part un chauffage rapide, efficace et contrôlé du substrat pour réaliser des soudures de bonne qualité sans détériorer les composants. The mass production of such printed circuits requires on the one hand precise control of the thickness of solder deposited on the metallized parts of the substrate, in order to allow in particular an automated implantation of the microcomponents and a better reliability, and on the other hand a rapid, efficient and controlled heating of the substrate to achieve good quality welds without damaging the components.

Plusieurs procédés pour réaliser ces soudures sont connus de l'art antérieur: - un premier procédé consiste à souder les microcompo
sants un à un à l'aide d'un fer conçu à cet effet.
Several methods for making these welds are known from the prior art: - a first method consists in welding the microcompo
one by one using an iron designed for this purpose.

Ce procédé présente les inconvénients majeurs d'une
part d'un apport de soudure trop important, et
d'autre part d'une surchauffe pouvant entraîner la
détérioration des composants et du substrat.
This process has the major drawbacks of
share of too much welding input, and
on the other hand from overheating which can lead to
deterioration of components and substrate.

- un deuxième procédé consiste à déposer la soudure
sur le circuit imprimé, préalablement gravé, par
exemple selon la technique dite de "La vague", puis,
après solidification de cette soudure, à mettre en
place les microcomposants et enfin à chauffer cet
ensemble à l'aide d'un rayonnement à infrarouge
suffisamment intense pour provoquer la fusion de la
soudure.
- a second method consists in depositing the weld
on the printed circuit, previously engraved, by
example according to the technique called "The wave", then,
after solidification of this weld, to be
place the microcomponents and finally to heat this
together using infrared radiation
intense enough to cause the fusion of the
welding.

Ce procédé présente l'inconvénient de soumettre les microcomposants à une chaleur d'autant plus intense que leur couleur est foncée, ce qui peut entraîner la destruction ou du moins la détérioration de certains microcomposants comme notamalent ceux a semiconducteurs - enfin un troisieme procédé consiste à mettre en po
sition les microcomposants sur le circuit imprimé
prégravé, puis C les souder selon la technique clas-
situe de la vague. Les inconvénients de ce procédé
sont multiples ; les plus importants sont notamment
la trop.grande quantité de soudure déposée, et le
glissement possible des microcomposants pendant le
passage de la vague.
This method has the drawback of subjecting the microcomponents to heat which is all the more intense the darker their color, which can lead to the destruction or at least the deterioration of certain microcomponents such as those with semiconductors - finally a third method consists in put in.
micro components on the printed circuit
pre-etched, then C weld them using the standard technique
wave. The disadvantages of this process
are many ; the most important are in particular
too much solder deposited, and
possible sliding of microcomponents during
passage of the wave.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients par la définition d'un nouveau procédé de fabrication permettant de contrôler précisément l'épaisseur de soudure déposée et la quantité de chaleur apportée, évitant ainsi les risques de détério ration des microcomposants. The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by defining a new manufacturing process making it possible to precisely control the thickness of weld deposited and the amount of heat supplied, thus avoiding the risks of deterioration of the microcomponents.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le procédé de soudure de microcomposants sur un circuit imprimé prégrave, comporte au moins les trois étapes suivantes - dépit électrolytique d'un alliage constituant la
soudure sur les parties métalliques du circuit imprimé ; - mise en place manuelle ou automatique des microcom
posants sur le circuit imprimé ; - fusion de la soudure par l'application d'un liquide
chauffé à une température supérieure à la température
de fusion de la soudure sur la partie du circuit
imprime ne comportant pas les microcomposants.
According to a characteristic of the invention, the method for soldering microcomponents to a pre-gravity printed circuit comprises at least the following three steps - electrolytic despite of an alloy constituting the
soldering on the metal parts of the printed circuit; - manual or automatic installation of microcom
posants on the printed circuit; - fusion of the weld by the application of a liquid
heated to a temperature higher than the temperature
of solder fusion on the part of the circuit
prints without microcomponents.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention, ressortiront de la description qui suit, illustrée à l'aide des figures qui représentent - la fissure 1, une vue en coupe d'un microcomposant
soudé en utilisant le procédé selon l'invention - la figure 2, un premier exemple de circuits imprimés
réalisé par le procédé suivant l'invention --la figure 3, un second exemple de circuits imprinés
; réalisé par le procédé suivant l'invention.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, illustrated with the aid of the figures which represent - crack 1, a sectional view of a microcomponent
soldered using the method according to the invention - Figure 2, a first example of printed circuits
produced by the method according to the invention - FIG. 3, a second example of printed circuits
; produced by the process according to the invention.

Le substrat utilisé dans ces circuits imprimes comporte au n-Oins une face métallique, et est gravé selon un procédé quelconque de l'art antérieur corse par exerple la photogravure. Le substrat utilisé dans ce cas est de façon préférentielle mais non limitative constitué d'une nature telle que l'époxy ou le polyimide.  The substrate used in these printed circuits has at the n-Oins a metal face, and is etched according to any process of the Corsican prior art by exerple photogravure. The substrate used in this case is preferably but not limiting, consisting of a nature such as epoxy or polyimide.

Cette opération étant réalisée, le procédé de soudure selon l'invention comporte les étapes suivantes - premièrement la soudure est déposée électrolytique
ment sur les parties métalliques collées sur le subs
trat et précédemment découpées. Cette soudure peut
être constituée d'un alliage plomb-étain déposé soit
par couches séparées et successives, de plomb puis d'é
tain, soit de façon simultanée en maintenant le do
sage suivant la qualité de soudure désirée pour
chaque constituant.
This operation being carried out, the welding process according to the invention comprises the following steps - firstly the welding is deposited electrolytically
on the metal parts glued on the subs
trat and previously cut. This solder can
be made of a lead-tin alloy deposited either
by separate and successive layers, of lead and then of
tain, either simultaneously while holding the do
wise depending on the weld quality desired for
each constituent.

D'autres métaux comme l'argent et/ou le palladium no
tamment peuvent être inclus dans cette soudure, soit
par dépôt d'une ou de plusieurs couches intermédiai
res, soit par dépôt simultané avec les autres métaux.
Other metals such as silver and / or palladium no
so much can be included in this solder either
by depositing one or more intermediate layers
res, or by simultaneous deposition with other metals.

La présence d'argent et/ou de palladium notamment,
permet de constituer une solution solide saturée d'ar
gent et/ou de palladium dans un mélange plomb-étain,
évitant ainsi 3a diffusion de l'argent et/ou du pal
ladium existant notamment sur les jonctions des com
posants, donc la dégradation desdites jonctions au
cours du temps.
The presence of silver and / or palladium in particular,
makes it possible to constitute a solid solution saturated with ar
gent and / or palladium in a lead-tin mixture,
thus avoiding the spread of money and / or money
ladium existing in particular on the junctions of the com
posing, therefore the degradation of said junctions at
over time.

Ce procédé de dépôt de soudure permet une maitrise de
l'épaisseur et de la composition de la soudure dépo
sée sur les parties métalliques du circuit imprimé deuxièmement une couche de flux est déposée sur les surfaces du substrat comportant les parties métalliques prédécoupées. Le flux est généralement une résine permettant un meilleur mouillage des partics métalliques par la soudure.
This welding deposition process allows a mastery of
the thickness and composition of the depo weld
sée on the metal parts of the printed circuit secondly a layer of flux is deposited on the surfaces of the substrate comprising the precut metal parts. The flux is generally a resin allowing better wetting of metallic particles by welding.

Avant le séchage de ce flux ou après l'avoir de nouveau porte a une température suffisante pour sa fusion mais trop faible pour que la soudure fonde, les microcomposants sont disposés sur le circuit imprime manuelleme-nt ou automatiquement. Le refroi- dissonent de ce flux entrai ne sa solidification et donc également un collage suffisant des microconTo- - sants sur le circuit imprimé, ce qui permet à ce stade une manipulation plus aisée de ces circuits imprimés.Before the drying of this flux or after having brought it again to a temperature sufficient for its melting but too low for the solder to melt, the microcomponents are arranged on the printed circuit manually or automatically. The cooling of this flow entails its solidification and therefore also a sufficient bonding of the microconTo -ants on the printed circuit, which allows at this stage an easier handling of these printed circuits.

troisièmement les circuits imprimés passent sur une vague de soudure, les microcomposants et la soudure déposée électrolytiquement se trouvant sur la face supérieure du circuit, donc sur celle qui n'est pas au contact direct de la vague. La vague n'a donc ici qu'un rôle de chauffage permettant d'assurer la fusion de la soudure déposée électrolytiquement sur les parties métalliques du circuit imprimé, ainsi que du flux permettant un bon mouillage des contacts des microcomposants par la soudure. Les réglages de la température de la vague, de son angle d'in clinaison, de la vitesse de passage sur cette vague des circuits imprimés,permettent de maîtriser le flux de chaleur apporté et donc entraînent une bonne soudure des microcomposants sans risquer leur détérioration ni celle du substrat.thirdly, the printed circuits pass over a solder wave, the microcomponents and the electrolytically deposited solder being on the upper face of the circuit, therefore on that which is not in direct contact with the wave. The wave therefore has here only a heating role allowing the fusion of the solder deposited electrolytically on the metal parts of the printed circuit, as well as the flux allowing a good wetting of the contacts of the microcomponents by the solder. The adjustments of the temperature of the wave, of its angle of inclination, of the speed of passage on this wave of the printed circuits, make it possible to control the flow of heat brought and thus involve a good welding of the microcomponents without risking their deterioration or that of the substrate.

A la sortie de lavague, un dispositif de refroidis-. At the outlet of the wave, a cooling device.

suent peut etre prévu afin d'accélérer la descente en température des circuits imprimés et-donc la fixation des microcomposants
L'utilisation comme flux de chaleur d'une vague de
soudure n'est pas lin:itative ; tout autre moyen
cor me source de flux de chaleur, et notamment l'u-
tilisation d'un liquiee quelconque permettant canes
son état liquide d'atteirdre la ter:érature- de fu
sion de la soudure, ne sort pas du cadre de l'in
vention.
may be provided in order to accelerate the descent in temperature of the printed circuits and-therefore the fixing of the microcomponents
The use as heat flow of a wave of
welding is not linen: itative; any other way
cor source heat flow, and in particular the u
use of any liquid allowing canes
its liquid state of reaching the ter: temperature- of fu
welding, does not go beyond the in
vention.

L'utilisation comble substrat d'époxy ou de polyimide
permet de plus une meilleure qualité des soudures,
donc une meilleure fiabilité.
The use of epoxy or polyimide substrate
also allows better quality of welds,
therefore better reliability.

En effet chacune de ces deux matières possède un
coefficient de dilatation thermique lineaire supé
rieur à celui de la soudure. Par conséquent le re
froidissement simultané du substrat et de la sou
dure permet un serrage mécanique de chaque micro
composant entre les soudures effectuées sur ses
contacts. Le serrage mécanique est suffisant pour
augmenter la résistance de la soudure et améliorer
le contact, mais trop faible pour provoquer la 2é-
térioration des microcomposants par écrasement,
comme des expérimentations récentes l'ont montré.
Indeed each of these two materials has a
higher coefficient of linear thermal expansion
laughing at that of welding. Therefore the re
simultaneous cooling of the substrate and the penny
hard allows mechanical clamping of each microphone
component between the welds made on its
contacts. Mechanical tightening is sufficient to
increase the resistance of the weld and improve
contact, but too weak to cause 2–
deterioration of microcomponents by crushing,
as recent experiments have shown.

L'utilisation de ces matières comme substrat est
donc un avantage par rapport à l'art antérieur qui
utilise corre substrat des matières céramiques pré
sentant des coefficients de dilatation linéaire
faibles, et qui de plus sont très fragiles.
The use of these materials as a substrate is
therefore an advantage compared to the prior art which
uses correct substrate of pre-ceramic materials
feeling coefficients of linear expansion
weak, and which moreover are very fragile.

La figure 1 montre une vue en coupe d'un microcomposant soudé selon le procédé décrit précédemment. Le microcomposant 1 comporte deux contacts mé- galliques 2 préexistants. La soudure 3, préalablement déposée électrolytiquement sur les parties métallisées 4 du substrat 5, présente une forme de profil permettant une bonne fiabilité comme des expérimentations l'ont montre. Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a microcomponent soldered according to the method described above. The microcomponent 1 comprises two pre-existing megalic contacts 2. The solder 3, previously deposited electrolytically on the metallized parts 4 of the substrate 5, has a profile shape allowing good reliability as experiments have shown.

La figure 2 représente un exemple de circuit imprimé obtenu en utilisant le procédé selon l'invention. Outre les éléments déjà décrits dans la figure 1, il comporte des fentes 6 pratiquées dans les partics métalliques 4 en contact avec le substrat 5. Les fentes sont réparties, de façon appropriée, à proximité de certains microcomposants. Leur présence permet d'éviter, lors de la fusicn de la soudure 3, le glissement des microcomposants par l'intermédiaire de fcrces dues- notamment aux forces de capillarité du fait de la proximité d'autres microcomposants. FIG. 2 represents an example of a printed circuit obtained using the method according to the invention. In addition to the elements already described in FIG. 1, it includes slots 6 made in the metal particles 4 in contact with the substrate 5. The slots are distributed, in an appropriate manner, near certain microcomponents. Their presence makes it possible to avoid, during the welding of the weld 3, the sliding of the microcomponents by means of fcrces due in particular to capillary forces due to the proximity of other microcomponents.

Dans la figure 2, les fentes 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, par exemple, évitent les glissements par rotation des microcomposants 20 et 21 qui pourraient se produire sous l'effet de forces attractives dues à des phénomènes de capillarité de la soudure fondue avec les microcomposants. Ces fentes permettent d'éviter ces modifications de position des microcomposants en interrompant suffisamment les liaisons de fluide, établies par la soudure fondue entre ces microcompo- sants.In FIG. 2, the slots 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, for example, prevent sliding by rotation of the microcomponents 20 and 21 which could occur under the effect of attractive forces due to capillarity phenomena of molten solder with microcomponents. These slots make it possible to avoid these position modifications of the microcomponents by sufficiently interrupting the fluid connections, established by the molten weld between these microcomponents.

La figure 3 montre un deuxième exemple de réalisation d'un circuit imprimé utilisant le procédé selon l'invention. Sur ce circuit les fentes 6 ont été remplacées par une étape suppléroentaire dans le procédé de soudure selon l'invention, s'insérant avant la disposition des microcomposants sur le circuit imprimé comportant la soudure déposée électrolytiquement. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a printed circuit using the method according to the invention. On this circuit, the slots 6 have been replaced by an additional step in the soldering method according to the invention, inserted before the microcomponents are placed on the printed circuit comprising the solder deposited electrolytically.

Celle-ci consiste à déposer un vernis (représenté par des zones pointillées sur la figure 3) sur le circuit imprimé à l'exception de surfaces 30 se trouvant au,= endroits où doivent être placés les mi crocomposants. Chacune de ces surfaces a une taille légèrement supérieure à la surface de contact du mi crocomposant considéré. Ce dépôt de verni ainsi constitué permet, lors du chauffage du circuit imprimé pour obtenir la fusion de la soudure, d'éviter le glissement des microcomposants, ceux-ci étant entourés d'une surface ricice constituée par le verres. Le vernis doit être prévu pour résister aux températures correspondant à la fusion de la sondure déposée sur les parties métallisées du substrat. This consists of depositing a varnish (represented by dotted areas in FIG. 3) on the printed circuit with the exception of surfaces 30 located at, = places where the mid-components must be placed. Each of these surfaces has a size slightly greater than the contact surface of the mid-component considered. This varnish deposit thus formed makes it possible, during the heating of the printed circuit to obtain the fusion of the solder, to avoid the sliding of the microcomponents, these being surrounded by a ricice surface constituted by the glasses. The varnish must be provided to resist the temperatures corresponding to the melting of the solder deposited on the metallized parts of the substrate.

On a ainsi décrit un procédé de soudure de mi- crocomposants sur un circuit imprimé, et le circuit imprimé ainsi réalisé.  A method of soldering micro-components to a printed circuit has thus been described, and the printed circuit thus produced.

Claims (11)

R E V E N D I C A T I O N SR E V E N D I C A T I O N S 1. Procédé de soudure de microcomposants sur circuit imprimé comportant un substrat dont au moins une surface a été métallisée puis graléc, caractéri- sé en ce qu'il comporte au moins les trois étapes suivantes : - dépôt électrolytique d'un alliage constituant la 1. Method for soldering microcomponents to a printed circuit comprising a substrate of which at least one surface has been metallized and then coated, characterized in that it comprises at least the following three steps: - electrolytic deposition of an alloy constituting the soudure sur les parties métalliques du circuit soldering on the metal parts of the circuit imprimé ; - mise en place manuelle ou automatique des micrp- -  printed; - manual or automatic installation of micrp- - composants sur le circuit imprimé recouvert de soudure - fusion de la soudure par utilisation d'un liquide, components on the printed circuit covered with solder - fusion of the solder using a liquid, chauffé à une température supérieure à la tempé heated to a temperature higher than tempé rature de fusion de la soudure, et mis en contact weld erasure, and brought into contact avec la partie du circuit qui ne comporte pas  with the part of the circuit which does not include les microcoraposants.  the microcapants. 2. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication-l, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la mise en place des mi crocomposants sur le circuit imprimé, une couche de flux est déposée notamment sur les parties métalli- ques comportant la soudure déposée électrolytiquement, ce flux étant dans un état liquide lors du positionnement des microcomposants de façon à assurer leur collage lors de la solidification de ce flux. 2. A welding method according to claim-1, characterized in that before the installation of the mid-components on the printed circuit, a layer of flux is deposited in particular on the metal parts comprising the electrolytically deposited solder, this flux being in a liquid state during the positioning of the microcomponents so as to ensure their bonding during the solidification of this flow. 3. Procédé de soudure selon la-revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le substrat (5) du circuit imprimé est en epoxy ou en polyimide. 3. Soldering method according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate (5) of the printed circuit is made of epoxy or polyimide. 4. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication I, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt électrolytique est fait par couches successives de métaux purs. 4. A welding method according to claim I, characterized in that the electrolytic deposition is made by successive layers of pure metals. 5. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication I, caractérisé en ce que la soudure après dépôt sur le circuit imprimé comporte du plomb et de l'étair; et en solution solide dans cet alliage plomb-étain au moins un autre métal. 5. Soldering method according to claim I, characterized in that the solder after deposition on the printed circuit comprises lead and air; and in solid solution in this lead-tin alloy at least one other metal. 6. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la soudure comporte après dépôt sur le circuit imprimé de l'argent et/ou du palladium en solution solide dans l'alliage plomb- étain. 6. A soldering method according to claim 5, characterized in that the solder comprises after deposition on the printed circuit of silver and / or palladium in solid solution in the lead-tin alloy. 7. Procédé de soudure melon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liquide utilié pour chauffer le circuit imprimé c une température suffisante pour la fusion de la soudure, est constitué d'une vague de soudure fondue mise en contact pendant un temps déterminé avec la surface du circuit imprimé ne comportant pas les microcomposants. 7. melon welding method claim 1, characterized in that the liquid used to heat the printed circuit c to a temperature sufficient for the fusion of the solder, consists of a wave of molten solder brought into contact for a determined time with the surface of the printed circuit not containing the microcomponents. 8. Procédé de soudure selon le revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant le positionnement des microcomposants sur le circuit imprimé, un vernis est déposé sur le circuit imprirré à 1 1 exceptiorH de certaines surfaces (30) correspondant a l'emplacement des microcomposants. 8. A welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the positioning of the microcomponents on the printed circuit, a varnish is deposited on the printed circuit at 1 1 exceptiorH of certain surfaces (30) corresponding to the location of the microcomponents . 9. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que chaque surface (30) sans vernis est plus grande que la surface de contact correspondante du microcomposant avec le circuit imprimé. 9. A welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that each surface (30) without varnish is larger than the corresponding contact surface of the microcomponent with the printed circuit. 10. Procédé de soudure selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des fentes (6, 61 à 66) sont rée lisées dans les parties métaliques (4) du circuit imprimé autour de certains microcomr.osants, de façon à éviter leur glissement lors de la fusion de la soudure. 10. Soldering method according to claim 1, characterized in that slots (6, 61 to 66) are ree read in the metal parts (4) of the printed circuit around certain microcomr.osants, so as to avoid their sliding during of the weld fusion. 11. Circuit imprimé comportant des microcompo- sants, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé L" à 1 l'aide du procédé de soudure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes  11. Printed circuit comprising microcomponents, characterized in that it is produced L "1 using the soldering method according to any one of the preceding claims
FR8000616A 1980-01-11 1980-01-11 Soldering micro-components onto printed circuits - using liq. heated to above solder m.pt. to heat substrate Granted FR2473834A1 (en)

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FR8000616A FR2473834A1 (en) 1980-01-11 1980-01-11 Soldering micro-components onto printed circuits - using liq. heated to above solder m.pt. to heat substrate

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8000616A FR2473834A1 (en) 1980-01-11 1980-01-11 Soldering micro-components onto printed circuits - using liq. heated to above solder m.pt. to heat substrate

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FR2473834A1 true FR2473834A1 (en) 1981-07-17
FR2473834B1 FR2473834B1 (en) 1984-04-20

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2598055A1 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-10-30 Talco Sa METHOD OF BURNING SURFACE COMPONENTS ON A PRINTED CIRCUIT
WO1988007317A1 (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-09-22 Western Digital Corporation Solder paste replacement method and article
WO1997002727A1 (en) * 1995-07-06 1997-01-23 International Business Machines Corporation Method of manufacturing a printed circuit board

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1549101A (en) * 1966-12-29 1968-12-06
FR1567363A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-05-16
DE2118375A1 (en) * 1970-04-24 1971-12-30 Rca Corp Process for alloying two metals
DE2237102A1 (en) * 1972-07-28 1974-02-07 Licentia Gmbh PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A SOLDER CONNECTION
US3887760A (en) * 1973-02-14 1975-06-03 Siemens Ag Layer circuit with at least one solder platform for the soldering on of semiconductor modules
FR2332677A1 (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Xerox Corp PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD MANUFACTURING PROCESS
DE2755926A1 (en) * 1976-12-17 1978-06-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1549101A (en) * 1966-12-29 1968-12-06
FR1567363A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-05-16
DE2118375A1 (en) * 1970-04-24 1971-12-30 Rca Corp Process for alloying two metals
DE2237102A1 (en) * 1972-07-28 1974-02-07 Licentia Gmbh PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A SOLDER CONNECTION
US3887760A (en) * 1973-02-14 1975-06-03 Siemens Ag Layer circuit with at least one solder platform for the soldering on of semiconductor modules
FR2332677A1 (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Xerox Corp PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD MANUFACTURING PROCESS
DE2755926A1 (en) * 1976-12-17 1978-06-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2598055A1 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-10-30 Talco Sa METHOD OF BURNING SURFACE COMPONENTS ON A PRINTED CIRCUIT
WO1988007317A1 (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-09-22 Western Digital Corporation Solder paste replacement method and article
WO1997002727A1 (en) * 1995-07-06 1997-01-23 International Business Machines Corporation Method of manufacturing a printed circuit board
US5863406A (en) * 1995-07-06 1999-01-26 International Business Machines Corp. Method of manufacturing a printed circuit board

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