FR2461687A1 - Burnt clay and active carbon mixed support material - prepd. by calcining lignite clay in reducing oven - Google Patents

Burnt clay and active carbon mixed support material - prepd. by calcining lignite clay in reducing oven Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2461687A1
FR2461687A1 FR7918554A FR7918554A FR2461687A1 FR 2461687 A1 FR2461687 A1 FR 2461687A1 FR 7918554 A FR7918554 A FR 7918554A FR 7918554 A FR7918554 A FR 7918554A FR 2461687 A1 FR2461687 A1 FR 2461687A1
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France
Prior art keywords
clay
lignite
active carbon
calcining
chamotte
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Pending
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FR7918554A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles Geirnaert
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Argiles et Mineraux
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Argiles et Mineraux
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Priority to FR7918554A priority Critical patent/FR2461687A1/en
Publication of FR2461687A1 publication Critical patent/FR2461687A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/18—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/22—Grog products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/02—Separating microorganisms from their culture media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
    • C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

Process comprises calcining lignite clay in a reducing oven up to 950 deg.C with a stage at 400-500 deg.C to eliminate volatile carbon material. Prod. may be used as support for enzymes or catalysts or as biological bed in water filtration and may have special ceramic uses in siderurgy and other industries in which the ceramics are contacted with liq. materials. Process enables cheap novel prod. of good physical/chemical characteristics combining the functions of the clay and active carbon.

Description

La présente invention a trait au domaine des argiles cuites tes ou chamottes et concerne tout t particulierement un nouveau matériau à base de chamotte et de charbon actif, ainsi que ses applications et un mode d'obtention. The present invention relates to the field of cooked clays or chamottes and particularly relates to a new material based on chamotte and activated carbon, as well as its applications and a method of production.

La chamotte ou argile cuite est un matériau très aRcien (rentrant dans la catégorie plus générale des céramiques) obtenu par calcination de diverses argiles et traditionnellement utilisé pour ses propriétés réfractaires. Depuis plusieurs années cependant, de nouvel les voies d'utilisation ont été ouvertes grâce à la mise au point de granulats d'argiles cuites aptes a servir de supports en milieu chimique ou biblique. C'est ainsi par exemple que l'on a préconisé l'emploi d'argiles cuites dopées par certains éléments métalliques comme supports de filtresbiologiques dans le traitement des eaux (voir brevet fraqnçais N 76.03573)
Pàr ailleurs, le charbon actif est utilisé avec succès, sous diverses variétés, depuis des-dizaines d'années comme catalyseur ou support catalytique, agent absorbant de gaz, agent décolorant de liquides, pigments, etc..Plus récemment, il a etc mis en oeuvre, seul ou en association avec d'autres matériaux granulaires, comme lit de filtration pour le traitement biologique des eaux de surface ou des eaux résiduaires.Chamotte or baked clay is a very ancient material (falling into the more general category of ceramics) obtained by calcination of various clays and traditionally used for its refractory properties. For several years, however, new avenues of use have been opened thanks to the development of cooked clay aggregates capable of serving as supports in chemical or biblical medium. For example, it has been recommended to use cooked clays doped with certain metallic elements as supports for biological filters in water treatment (see French patent N 76.03573)
Furthermore, activated carbon has been used successfully, under various varieties, for decades as a catalyst or catalytic support, gas absorbing agent, bleaching agent for liquids, pigments, etc. More recently, it has been used used, alone or in combination with other granular materials, as a filtration bed for the biological treatment of surface water or waste water.

Il apparait donc souhaitable de pouvoir disposer d'un ma tdriau unitaire compose à la fois, sous une forme relativement homogène, de chamotte et de charbon actif de façon a pouvoir remplir plusieurs fonctions, notamment dans les applications susvisées. It therefore appears desirable to be able to have a unitary material composed at the same time, in a relatively homogeneous form, of chamotte and activated carbon so as to be able to fulfill several functions, in particular in the abovementioned applications.

L'invention vise ce but et propose, pour résoudre un tel problème technique, une solution faisant appel a des matières premières peu coûteuses et conduisant à un matériau mixte nouveau présentant de bonnes caractéristiques physico-chimiques. The invention aims at this aim and proposes, to solve such a technical problem, a solution using inexpensive raw materials and leading to a new mixed material having good physico-chemical characteristics.

On sait que d'assez nombreux gisements d'argiles sont plus ou moins charges en lignite. Par exemple, on trouve couramment des gisements d'argiles kaoliniques (ou autres) renfermant 30 à-7O 7. We know that quite a number of clay deposits are more or less loaded with lignite. For example, there are commonly deposits of kaolinic (or other) clays containing 30 to -7O 7.

de lignite, correspondant à la perte au feu. Actuellement, ces gisements restent souvent inexploités ou sont utilisés en petite partie-seuleL ment poids fabriquer une chamotte légère par cuisson en milieu oxydant à température supérieure à 9000C.of lignite, corresponding to the loss on ignition. Currently, these deposits often remain unexploited or are used in small parts - only by weight - to make a light chamotte by cooking in an oxidizing medium at a temperature above 9000C.

Il Il a a maintenant été trouvé qu'en effectuant une calcination en milieu réducteur et dans certaines conditions, de cesilignites argileux, on pouvait obtenir le matériau mixte désiré : chamotte-ehar- bon actif. It has now been found that by carrying out calcination in a reducing medium and under certain conditions, of these argillaceous clay, it was possible to obtain the desired mixed material: active chamotte-charcoal.

Selon un procédé avantageux conforme à l'invention, on calcine le lignite argileux dans un four reducténsten ménageant une montée lente en température, le chauffage étant effectue progressi @ vement jusqu'à une limite de 95000, avec palier dans l'intervalle 400 à 50000 pour l'élimination des matières volatiles du charbon. According to an advantageous process in accordance with the invention, the lignite clay is calcined in a reducténsten furnace providing a slow rise in temperature, the heating being carried out progressively to a limit of 95,000, with plateau in the interval 400 to 50,000 for the removal of volatile matter from coal.

En pratique, l'opération est de préférence effectuée dans un creuset hermétiquement clos, en graphite, muni d'évents pour l'évacuation des vapeurs de composés volatils. In practice, the operation is preferably carried out in a hermetically sealed crucible, made of graphite, provided with vents for the evacuation of the vapors of volatile compounds.

On sait que, dans les modes connus d'obtention du charbon actif, l'activation est faite après chauffage des matières carbonées à 400-6000C en utilisant généralement comme agents activants de la vapeur d'eau ou du dioxyde de carbone. Dans le procédé de l'inven- tion, c'est apparemment l'eau de constitution du composant argileux qui joue le rôle d'activant; par exemple, l'argile kaolinique (2 Si02,
Al2O3, 2H20) perd ses 2H20 vers 560 à 60000 pour se transformer en méta-kaolin (2 Si02, A1203) et cette eau agit pour l'obtention de m;-z cropores actives de charbon dans la masse en cours de calcination.It is known that, in the known methods of obtaining activated carbon, the activation is carried out after heating the carbonaceous materials at 400-6000C by generally using as activating agents steam or carbon dioxide. In the process of the invention, it is apparently the water of constitution of the clay component which plays the role of activator; for example, kaolin clay (2 Si02,
Al2O3, 2H20) loses its 2H20 around 560 to 60,000 to transform into meta-kaolin (2 Si02, A1203) and this water acts to obtain m; -z active carbon cropores in the mass being calcined.

La limite précitée de température, vers 95000, n'est certes pas suffisante pour assurer la transformation complète du méta- kaolin en mullite et cristoballite qui sont les constituants des chamottes. Toutefois, il semble que la présence de carbone dans le produit chauffe à côté des oxydes A1203 et Si02 soit favorable, par l'effet réducteur provoqué, à des défauts de stoechiometrie -en oxygène, ce qui conduit à l'obtention d'un produit poreux présentant une forte etectro- positivité de surface. Or de tels produits possèdent des propriétés très avanttgeuses notamment lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme milieux de capture de bactéries ou microorganismes (voir brevet français N079.15632 de la Demanderesse). The aforementioned temperature limit, around 95000, is certainly not sufficient to ensure the complete transformation of meta kaolin into mullite and cristoballite which are the constituents of chamottes. However, it seems that the presence of carbon in the product heats up alongside the oxides A1203 and Si02 is favorable, by the reducing effect caused, to defects in stoichiometry -in oxygen, which leads to obtaining a product porous with a high surface etectro-positivity. However, such products have very advantageous properties, in particular when they are used as media for capturing bacteria or microorganisms (see French patent N079.15632 of the Applicant).

Bien entendu, si l'activation du produit final s'avère insuffisante par le processus susdécrit on peut entreprendre une activation complémentaire selon les méthodes classiques. Of course, if the activation of the final product proves to be insufficient by the process described above, additional activation can be undertaken according to conventional methods.

Les principales caractéristiques des produits mixtes obtenus peuvent être résumées comme suit : la densité apparente est de l'ordre de 0,7 à 1 ; la composition chimique, dans le cas où le mate- riau de départ est un lignite kaolinique, révèle des fourchettes de carbone de 20 à 40 Z (en poids) et des proportions d'oxydes de tordre suivant
Fe203 : 0,75 à 1,8 CaO + IlgO : 0,1 à 0,4 TiO2 : 0,75 à 1,8 A1203 : 20 à 35 Na20 + K20 : 0,2 à 1,8 Sii: : 20 à 40
La granulométrie est généralement comprise entre 0,1 et 10 mm pour la plupart des applications envisagées.Des essais d'absorption au bleu de méthylène ont donné des chiffres de 20 à 40 mg par g de matériau pour une teneur résiduelle nulle de la liqueur.The main characteristics of the mixed products obtained can be summarized as follows: the apparent density is of the order of 0.7 to 1; the chemical composition, in the case where the starting material is a kaolinic lignite, reveals carbon ranges from 20 to 40 Z (by weight) and proportions of oxides to twist according to
Fe203: 0.75 to 1.8 CaO + IlgO: 0.1 to 0.4 TiO2: 0.75 to 1.8 A1203: 20 to 35 Na20 + K20: 0.2 to 1.8 Sii:: 20 to 40
The particle size is generally between 0.1 and 10 mm for most of the applications envisaged. Absorption tests with methylene blue have given figures of 20 to 40 mg per g of material for a zero residual content of the liquor.

Les nouveaux matériaux mixtes : chamotte-charbon actif selon l'invention se prêtent à de nombreuses applications, en particulier en grande partie à celles correspondant aux usages connus pour chacun des constituants essentiels. On peut citer tout specialement les milieux d'accrochage pour enzymes, les supports catalytiques pour réactions chimiques, les masses granulaires favorisant -la rétention des microorganismes, par exemple dans les lits de filtration biologique des eaux de surface ou des eaux residuaires.Certains usages peuvent ga- lement être envisagés dans l'industrie céramique pour la fabrication de bétons, pisés et materiaux analogues non façonnés destines à la sidérurgie et autres industries où l'on met en contact les céramiques avec des matériaux liquides.  The new mixed materials: chamotte-activated carbon according to the invention lend themselves to numerous applications, in particular in large part to those corresponding to the known uses for each of the essential constituents. Mention may very particularly be made of the attachment media for enzymes, the catalytic supports for chemical reactions, the granular masses favoring the retention of microorganisms, for example in the biological filtration beds of surface water or waste water. also be considered in the ceramic industry for the manufacture of concrete, rammed earth and similar unshaped materials intended for the steel industry and other industries where ceramics are brought into contact with liquid materials.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé d'obtention d'un produit mixte : argile cuite (ou chamotte) charbon actif, caractérisé en ce que l'on calcine un lignite argileux dans un four réducteur jusqu a une limite de 950oC, avec palier dans l'intervalle 400 à 5000C pour l'élimination des matières volatiles du charbon. 1. Method for obtaining a mixed product: baked clay (or chamotte) activated carbon, characterized in that a clay lignite is calcined in a reducing furnace up to a limit of 950oC, with plateau in the interval 400 at 5000C for the removal of volatile matter from coal. 2. Procédé selon lequel l'activation du matériau carboné du gnite est obtenue par la déshydratation de l'argile.  2. Method according to which the activation of the carbonaceous material of the gnite is obtained by the dehydration of the clay. 3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications l et 2, caractérisé en ce que la calcination-et l'activation sont opérées dans un creuset fermé en graphite. 3. Method according to any one of claims l and 2, characterized in that the calcination and activation are carried out in a closed graphite crucible. 4. Matériaux mixtes chamotte-charbon actif obtenus notamment selon le procédé des revendications 1 à 3 et présentant les caractéris tiques suivantes 4. Mixed chamotte-activated carbon materials obtained in particular according to the method of claims 1 to 3 and having the following characteristics densité apparente : 0,7 a 1 bulk density: 0.7 to 1 granulométrie 0,1 à 10 mm ; absorption au bleu de méthylène : particle size 0.1 to 10 mm; absorption with methylene blue: 20 à 40 mg par g du matériau ; composition en oxydes 20 to 40 mg per g of the material; oxide composition Fe203 : 0,75 à 1,8 CaO + MgO : 0,1 à 0,4 Fe203: 0.75 to 1.8 CaO + MgO: 0.1 to 0.4 Ti02 : o, 75 à 1,8 Al2O3 : 20 à-35 Ti02: o, 75 to 1.8 Al2O3: 20 to -35 Na20 + K20 : 0g2 à 1,8 SiO2 : à-40  Na20 + K20: 0g2 to 1.8 SiO2: to-40 proportion de carbone : 20 à 40 Z- (poids) proportion of carbon: 20 to 40 Z- (weight) 5. Application des matériaux selon la revendication-4 en particulier comme milieux d'accrochage pour enzymes, supports catalyti-- ques, lits de filtration biologique des eaux, céramiques spéciales pour la siderurgie. 5. Application of the materials according to claim-4 in particular as attachment media for enzymes, catalytic supports, biological water filtration beds, special ceramics for the steel industry.
FR7918554A 1979-07-18 1979-07-18 Burnt clay and active carbon mixed support material - prepd. by calcining lignite clay in reducing oven Pending FR2461687A1 (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2545098A1 (en) * 1983-04-29 1984-11-02 Erpac IMPROVEMENT TO TRIM FOR BIOLOGICAL FILTERS
FR2546418A1 (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-30 Inst Energetik Zentralstelle PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROPHOBIC ADSORBENTS
US4620931A (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-11-04 Waseda University Three phase fluidized bed water purifying process
EP0240929A2 (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-10-14 HERDING GmbH Entstaubungsanlagen Carrier for the immobilization of micro-organisms
FR2617737A1 (en) * 1987-07-09 1989-01-13 Gaz De France Process for the preparation of a catalyst based on lignite clay, catalyst thus obtained and process for obtaining energetic substitutes with the aid of this catalyst
EP0343697A1 (en) * 1988-05-23 1989-11-29 Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals, Ltd. Composite adsorbent
EP0607636A2 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-07-27 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Activated carbon containing support for bacterie and microorganisms useful in the biotreatment of aqueous waste streams
WO1995007753A1 (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-23 Peignage Amedee Porous granular material obtained from wool scouring liquor, method for the manufacture thereof and applications
FR2715082A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-21 Elf Aquitaine Process for producing an active composite and active composite made from this process
EP1093514A1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2001-04-25 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Non-macroporous inorganic support for bioremediation
GB2490670A (en) * 2011-05-09 2012-11-14 Sibelco Uk Ltd An activated carbon composite material

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1610408A (en) * 1919-10-24 1926-12-14 Jay H Magoon Absorption medium and art of producing the same
GB955874A (en) * 1961-12-23 1964-04-22 Dyson Ltd J & J Improvements in or relating to alumino-silicate refractories
JPS548191A (en) * 1977-06-22 1979-01-22 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Production of high strength structure containing activated carbon

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1610408A (en) * 1919-10-24 1926-12-14 Jay H Magoon Absorption medium and art of producing the same
GB955874A (en) * 1961-12-23 1964-04-22 Dyson Ltd J & J Improvements in or relating to alumino-silicate refractories
JPS548191A (en) * 1977-06-22 1979-01-22 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Production of high strength structure containing activated carbon

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 90, no. 24, juin 1979, page 133, no. 189178m, Columbus, Ohio, US & JP - A - 79 08 191 (KAWASAKI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.) 22-01-1979 *

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2545098A1 (en) * 1983-04-29 1984-11-02 Erpac IMPROVEMENT TO TRIM FOR BIOLOGICAL FILTERS
EP0124438A1 (en) * 1983-04-29 1984-11-07 Société Anonyme d'Etudes, de Recherches et de Productions d'Agents Chimiques - E.R.P.A.C. Packings for biological filters
AU568360B2 (en) * 1983-04-29 1987-12-24 Societe Anonyme D'etudes, De Recherches Et De Productions D'agents Chimiques - E.R.P.A.C. Fillings for biological filters used in purifying effluent
FR2546418A1 (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-30 Inst Energetik Zentralstelle PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROPHOBIC ADSORBENTS
US4620931A (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-11-04 Waseda University Three phase fluidized bed water purifying process
EP0240929A2 (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-10-14 HERDING GmbH Entstaubungsanlagen Carrier for the immobilization of micro-organisms
EP0240929A3 (en) * 1986-04-07 1989-01-11 Herding Gmbh Carrier for the immobilization of micro-organisms
FR2617737A1 (en) * 1987-07-09 1989-01-13 Gaz De France Process for the preparation of a catalyst based on lignite clay, catalyst thus obtained and process for obtaining energetic substitutes with the aid of this catalyst
EP0343697A1 (en) * 1988-05-23 1989-11-29 Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals, Ltd. Composite adsorbent
EP0607636A3 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-09-28 Grace W R & Co Activated carbon containing support for bacterie and microorganisms useful in the biotreatment of aqueous waste streams.
EP0607636A2 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-07-27 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Activated carbon containing support for bacterie and microorganisms useful in the biotreatment of aqueous waste streams
WO1995007753A1 (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-23 Peignage Amedee Porous granular material obtained from wool scouring liquor, method for the manufacture thereof and applications
FR2709984A1 (en) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-24 Peignage Amedee Porous granular material obtained from wool washing waters, process for its manufacture and applications.
US5719101A (en) * 1993-09-13 1998-02-17 Peignage Amedee Porous granular material obtained from wool scouring liquor, method for the manufacture thereof and applications
FR2715082A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-21 Elf Aquitaine Process for producing an active composite and active composite made from this process
EP0664158A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-26 Elf Aquitaine Realisation process of an active composite and active composite realised with this process
US5607889A (en) * 1994-01-19 1997-03-04 Elf Aquitaine Process for producing an active composite and active composite produced by this process
EP1093514A1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2001-04-25 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Non-macroporous inorganic support for bioremediation
EP1093514A4 (en) * 1998-07-06 2002-01-16 Grace W R & Co Non-macroporous inorganic support for bioremediation
GB2490670A (en) * 2011-05-09 2012-11-14 Sibelco Uk Ltd An activated carbon composite material

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