FI91654C - wall Formwork - Google Patents

wall Formwork Download PDF

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Publication number
FI91654C
FI91654C FI921984A FI921984A FI91654C FI 91654 C FI91654 C FI 91654C FI 921984 A FI921984 A FI 921984A FI 921984 A FI921984 A FI 921984A FI 91654 C FI91654 C FI 91654C
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
mold
bars
longitudinal
wall
elements
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FI921984A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI921984A0 (en
FI921984A (en
FI91654B (en
Inventor
Tarmo Mononen
Casper Aalander
Original Assignee
Rautaruukki Oy
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Priority to FI921984A priority Critical patent/FI91654C/en
Publication of FI921984A0 publication Critical patent/FI921984A0/en
Priority to RU94045965A priority patent/RU2107789C1/en
Priority to EP93911519A priority patent/EP0673461B1/en
Priority to PCT/FI1993/000183 priority patent/WO1993022519A1/en
Priority to DE69312734T priority patent/DE69312734T2/en
Priority to AU40420/93A priority patent/AU4042093A/en
Publication of FI921984A publication Critical patent/FI921984A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI91654B publication Critical patent/FI91654B/en
Publication of FI91654C publication Critical patent/FI91654C/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Description

9165491654

Seinåmåmuotti - VåggformWall formwork - Våggform

Keksinto koskee patenttivaatimuksen 1 johdannon mukaista 5 seinåmåmuottia, joka kåsittåå ainakin kaksi profiloidusta metallilevystå muodostuvaa pååasiassa vastakkain sijaitsevaa ja lopullisen betonivalun tai vastaavan osaksi jååvåå kerta-kåyttoistå muottiseinåmåå, joista ensimmåinen muodostaa betonivalun ulkopinnan ja toinen sisåpinnan, nåitå kahta muot-10 tiseinåmåå yhdiståviå valusideteråksiå sekå muotin sisållå raudoituselementtej å.The invention relates to a wall mold 5 according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising at least two mutually disposable moldings of a profiled metal sheet, which are mainly opposite each other and form part of a final concrete casting or the like. contains reinforcing elements.

Rakentamisessa ja betonirakentamisessa ollaan siirtymåsså kohti teollista tuotantotapaa. Tålloin rakennusmateriaalin 15 esivalmistusastetta pyritåån kasvattamaan ja tyomaalla teh-tåvåå tyotå våhentåmåån ja tyomaatekniikkaa pyritåån muutta-maan yhå teollisemmaksi. Tålloin on periaatteessa valitta-vissa kaksi toisistaan tåysin poikkeavaa linjaa. Toinen on yleisesti tunnettu elementtitekniikka, jossa betonikomponen-20 tit valetaan tehdasolosuhteissa, kuljetetaan tyomaalle ja niistå kootaan rakennuspaikalla lopullinen rakennelma. Toinen vaihtoehto on pyrkiå kehittåmåån paikallavalua. Kåytosså olevat muottiratkaisut ovat kuitenkin kehitetyt perinteelli-seen paikallavalu-urakointiin, jolloin tyovaiheina ovat muo-25 tin puhdistus ja kasaus, muotin asennus, raudoitus, valu, valun jålkihoito, muotin purku ja valetun rakenteen jålki-tyot. Nåin toteutettuna rakentaminen ei ole nopeaa ja suuri tyomåårå tydmaalla ei johda hyvåån tuottavuuteen.Construction and concrete construction are moving towards an industrial production method. In this case, the aim is to increase the 15 prefabrication levels of building materials and to reduce the work done on the construction site and to make the construction technology more industrial. In this case, in principle, two completely different lines can be chosen. The second is a well-known element technique in which concrete components are cast under factory conditions, transported to a construction site and the final structure is assembled from them on site. Another option is to seek to develop in-situ casting. However, the mold solutions in use have been developed for traditional in-situ casting contracting, where the work steps are mold cleaning and stacking, mold installation, reinforcement, casting, casting aftercare, mold dismantling and post-cast construction work. When implemented in this way, construction is not fast and a large workload in the country does not lead to good productivity.

30 Tiettyihin rajattuihin kåyttopisteisiin onkin kehitetty muottirakenteita, joissa ainakin osa edellå kuvatuista tyo-vaiheista voidaan jåttåå pois. Pååasiassa tållaiset muotit ovat tarkoitetut anturamuoteiksi. Erås tållainen ratkaisu, joka soveltuu muuhunkin betonivaluun, on esitetty suomalai-35 sessa patentissa 84926. Siinå muotti koostuu betonivalun kiinteåksi osaksi jååvistå kertakåyttoisistå muottielemen-teistå, joista on muodostettu muottikokoonpano, elementtien koostuessa poimutetusta ohutteråslevystå. Nåitå muottiele-menttejå voidaan esimerkiksi asettaa kaksi vastakkain, sitoa 2 91654 yhteen sidetangoilla valupainetta vastaan ja naiden element-tien valiin asettaa betoniteråksiå tarvittavissa måårin. Taman julkaisun mukaista jårjestelyå kåytettåesså voidaan edellå kuvatuista tyovaiheista jåttåå pois muotin puhdistus, 5 muotin purku ja valetun rakenteen jålkityot, koska poimulevy muodostaa betonivalun valmiin ulkopinnan. Jaljelle jaa kui-tenkin muotin asennus ja raudoitus erillisillå betoniteråk-sillå normaaliin tapaan. Lisaksi haittapuolena on se, ettå ulkopinta on aina poimulevyn poimujen muotoinen, mika ei 10 aina kaikissa kohteissa ole kayttokelpoista. Tåsså raken-teessa on lisaksi varsin vaikeaa tehdå seinåstå låmpoeris-tettya. Lampoeriste on joko valettava valmiiksi kiinni jom-paankumpaan muottiseinamaan tai erillinen låmpoeristelevy on asetettava kasin muotin sisaan sita koottaessa ja tuettava 15 paikalleen.30 For some limited points of use, mold structures have been developed in which at least some of the work steps described above can be omitted. Mainly such molds are intended as sole molds. One such solution, which is also suitable for other concrete casting, is disclosed in Finnish Patent 84926. In it, the mold consists of disposable mold elements which are to be formed as an integral part of the concrete casting, from which the mold assembly is formed, the elements consisting of corrugated sheet metal. For example, two of these mold elements can be placed opposite each other, 2 91654 can be tied together with tie rods against the casting pressure and the required amount of reinforcing steel can be placed between these elements. When using the arrangement according to this publication, the cleaning of the mold, the dismantling of the mold and the aftermath of the molded structure can be omitted from the work steps described above, since the corrugated sheet forms the finished outer surface of the concrete casting. However, the installation and reinforcement of the formwork on a separate reinforced concrete bridge will take place in the normal way. A further disadvantage is that the outer surface is always in the shape of the corrugations of the corrugated sheet, which is not always usable in all objects. In addition, it is quite difficult to make the wall thermally insulated in this structure. The thermal insulation must either be pre-cast on either mold wall or a separate thermal insulation board must be placed inside the mold when it is assembled and supported.

Keksinnon tavoitteena on saada aikaan seinSmSmuotti, jolla saadaan ilman erikoistoimenpiteita myos tasaiset seinapinnat ja jossa ainakin osa betoniraudoituksesta muodostaa muotin 20 rakenteellisen osan, jolloin sita ei ole tarpeen asentaa erikseen. Keksinnon tavoitteena on tållainen seinåmåmuotti, joka ilman erillisia osia kestaa valupaineen. Keksinnon tavoitteena on edelleen tallainen seinåmåmuotti, joka koostuu riittavan keveista elementeista, jotta niita olisi mahdol-25 lista kasitella myos kasivoimin ja joka ei muuta helposti muotoaan kasittelyn aikana asennuksen helpottamiseksi ja vaurioiden valttamiseksi elementeissa. Keksinnon tavoitteena on viela tallainen seinåmåmuotti, johon lampoeriste on helposti asennettavissa joko elementtia valmistettaessa tai 30 jalkikateen ja jolloin lampoeriste ei vaadi kasityona tehta-vaa tukemista. Edelleen keksinnon tavoitteena on tållainen seinåmåmuotti, johon on asennettavissa erityisiå liså-raudoitteita tavanomaista lujemman seinåmårakenteen aikaan-saamiseksi.The object of the invention is to provide a wall formwork which also provides flat wall surfaces without special measures and in which at least part of the concrete reinforcement forms a structural part of the formwork 20, whereby it is not necessary to install it separately. It is an object of the invention to provide such a wall mold which, without separate parts, withstands casting pressure. It is a further object of the invention to provide such a wall mold which consists of sufficiently light elements to be able to be handled by hand and which does not easily deform during handling to facilitate installation and to avoid damage to the elements. It is a further object of the invention to provide such a wall mold in which the thermal insulation can be easily installed either during the manufacture of the element or in the 30-foot cover and in which case the thermal insulation does not require support as a hand. It is a further object of the invention to provide such a wall mold in which special additional reinforcements can be installed in order to provide a stronger wall structure than usual.

3535

Edellå kuvattujen haittapuolien eliminoimiseksi ja edellå mååriteltyjen tavoitteiden toteuttamiseksi on keksinnon mu- 3 91654 kaiselle keksinnolle tunnusomaista se, mitå on mååritelty patenttivaatimuksen 1 tunnusmerkkiosassa.In order to eliminate the disadvantages described above and to achieve the objects defined above, the invention according to the invention is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Keksinnon tårkeimpånå etuna on se, ettå sillå saadaan aikaan 5 teollisesti esivalmistettuja, raudoitteet ainakin osittain jo sisåltåviå muotteja, jotka jååvåt paikallavalun jålkeen paikalleen ja muodostavat betonille tarvittaessa sileån pin-nan tai sileåt pinnat. Edelleen keksinnon etuna on, ettå muotin kokoaminen keksinnon mukaisista elementeistå on erit-10 tåin yksinkertaista ja nopeaa eikå lisåtyovaiheita yleenså juuri tarvita. Keksinnon etuna on lisåksi se, ettå sen mu-kainen seinåmåmuotti on hinnaltaan kilpailukykyinen.The main advantage of the invention is that it provides industrially prefabricated molds which at least partly already contain reinforcements, which remain in place after in-situ casting and, if necessary, form a smooth surface or surfaces on the concrete. A further advantage of the invention is that the assembly of the mold from the elements according to the invention is very simple and fast and no additional steps are usually required. A further advantage of the invention is that the wall mold according to it is competitively priced.

Seuraavassa keksintoå selostetaan yksityiskohtaisesti ohei-15 siin piirustuksiin viittaamalla.The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Kuvio 1 esittåå yleisesti keksinnon mukaista seinåmåmuotti-rakennetta aksonometrisesti kuvattuna.Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a wall mold structure according to the invention in general.

20 Kuvio 2 esittåå poikkileikkausta keksinnon mukaisesta muot-tielementistå pitkin kuvion 1 tasoa A-A.Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a mold element according to the invention along the plane A-A of Fig. 1.

Kuvio 3 esittåå yksityiskohtaa keksinnon mukaisesta muot-tielementistå sen pååstå katsottuna kuvion 1 suunnasta B.Fig. 3 shows a detail of a mold element according to the invention at its end, seen from the direction B of Fig. 1.

2525

Kuviot 4A ja 4B esittåvåt låmpoeristeiden kahta eri sijoi-tusmahdollisuutta keksinnon mukaiseen muottielementtiin.Figures 4A and 4B show two different possibilities for placing thermal insulators in a mold element according to the invention.

Kuvio 5 esittåå suuremmassa mittakaavassa keksinnon mukaisen 30 muottielementin profiloitua pintaosaa samassa kuvannossa kuin kuvio 2.Fig. 5 shows on a larger scale the profiled surface part of the mold element 30 according to the invention in the same view as Fig. 2.

Kuviot 6A ja 6B esittåvåt suuremmassa mittakaavassa kuvion 2 yksityiskohtaa C.Figures 6A and 6B show, on a larger scale, detail C of Figure 2.

3535

Kuvio 7 esittåå påållikuvantona keksintoon liittyvåå tikas-raudoitetta.Figure 7 is a plan view of a ladder reinforcement related to the invention.

4 916544,91654

Kuviot 8A ja 8B esittavat sivulta ja pååstå katsottuna kek-sintoon liittyvåå kolmioraudoitetta.Figures 8A and 8B show a side and front view of a triangular reinforcement related to the invention.

Kuviot 9A ja 9B esittavat eraita keksinnon mukaisia muot-5 tielementtejå ylhååltåpåin kuvioiden 1 ja 2 suunnasta D.Figures 9A and 9B show several mold elements according to the invention from above in the direction D of Figures 1 and 2.

Kuviosta 1 on nåhtavissa yleisesti keksinnon mukainen seinå-måmuotti, jossa on kaksi kertakåyttoistå betonivalun osaksi jaavaa muottiseinåmåå 1, 2, joista ensimmåinen muodostaa 10 betonivalun ulkopinnan 5 ja toinen sisapinnan 6. Seinama-muotti muodostuu yhdesta tai useammasta påållekkåisestå muottielementistå 10. Kukin muottielementti 10 koostuu siis koko rakenteen ulkopinnan 5 ja sisapinnan 6 osat muodosta-vista muottiseinåmistå 1 ja 2. Kumpikin muottiseinåmå 1, 2 15 on valmistettu ohutlevystå, tavallisesti teråslevystå, pro-filoiduksi osaksi, jonka pituus L on huomattavan suuri ja korkeus H suhteellisen pieni. Mainittu pituus L voi olla useita metrejå kun taas elementin 10 korkeus H ja paksuus T, joka vastaa valmistettavan seinan paksuutta, ovat samaa suu-20 ruusluokkaa ja oleellisesti pienempia kuin pituus L, kuten kuvioista ilmenee. Korkeus H voi tietenkin olla selvåsti pienempi kuin paksuus T tai painvastoin, mutta molemmat ovat kuitenkin suhteellisen pienia verrattuna koko valmistettavan seinan mittoihin. Keksinnon mukainen seinåmåmuotti siis 25 koostuu useista påallekkain sijoitetuista profiloiduista muottiseinamista 1, 2 tai peltiprofiilista, joiden valimatka måaraa seinåman paksuuden T. Naissa muottiseinåmissa 1, 2 ovat vastakkaiset pinnat 5, 6 yleensa paåasiassa yhdensuun-taiset ja muottiseinaman yla- ja alareunoissa on aina vas-30 taavaa muottipintaa 5, 6 vastaan poikittaiset ja seinan kes-kiosia, kuten keskilinjaa 7, kohti osoittavat reunaosuudet ^ 8a, 8b ja 9a, 9b. Kootussa seinamamuotissa nama reunaosuudet 8a, b ja 9a, b ovat ainakin pituussuunnassaan likimain vaa-kasuorat, kuten kuviossa 1 nakyy. Tallbin nama elementit 10 35 ovat pinottavissa paallekkain, koska samanpuoleiset reunaosuudet 8a ja 8b ja vastaavasti 9a ja 9b paallekkaisissa muottielementeisså tukeutuvat toisiinsa. Tama on nåhtavissa kuviosta 2, jossa keskimmåinen muottielementti 10 on piir- li 5 91654 retty ehjållå viivalla ja sen paaile tuleva elementti samoin kuin sen alapuolella oleva elementti on piirretty katkovii-valla. Kuviosta 1 taas nåkyy, kuinka muottielementit 10 on pinottu perustuksen 25 paalle kayttaen apuna ohjainta tai 5 nurkkakappaletta 26 tai vastaavia elementteja.Figure 1 shows a wall mold according to the invention in general, with two disposable concrete casting walls 1, 2, the first forming 10 the outer surface 5 and the second the inner surface 6 of the casting. thus the mold walls 1 and 2 forming parts of the outer surface 5 and the inner surface 6 of the whole structure. Each mold wall 1, 2 15 is made of a profiled part of sheet metal, usually steel sheet, with a considerably large length L and a relatively small height H. Said length L may be several meters, while the height H of the element 10 and the thickness T corresponding to the thickness of the wall to be manufactured are of the same order of magnitude and substantially smaller than the length L, as can be seen from the figures. The height H can, of course, be clearly smaller than the thickness T or vice versa, but both are relatively small compared to the dimensions of the entire wall to be manufactured. Thus, the wall mold 25 according to the invention consists of a plurality of superimposed profiled mold walls 1, 2 or sheet metal profiles, the choice of which determines the wall thickness T. In these mold walls 1, 2 the opposite surfaces 5, 6 are generally parallel and parallel to the mold wall. 30 edge portions (8a, 8b and 9a, 9b) transverse to the mold surface 5, 6 and pointing towards the central parts of the wall, such as the center line 7. In the assembled wall mold, these edge portions 8a, b and 9a, b are at least approximately horizontal in their longitudinal direction, as shown in Fig. 1. The tall elements 10 10 of the stable can be stacked on top of each other, because the one-sided edge portions 8a and 8b and 9a and 9b, respectively, in the overlapping mold elements rest on each other. This can be seen in Figure 2, in which the central mold element 10 is drawn in a solid line and the element underlying it, as well as the element below it, is drawn in a broken line. Figure 1 again shows how the mold elements 10 are stacked on the base 25 with the aid of a guide or a corner piece 26 or similar elements.

Edullisesti ylempien reunaosuuksien 8b ja 9b jatkeena on muottielementissa 10 ensimmaisen ja vastaavasti toisen pin-nan 5, 6 suuntaiset ja samaan suuntaan muottielementistå 10 10 ulospåin osoittavat reunataitokset 11 ja 12 taman tavalli-sesti vaakasuuntaisen reunaosuuden jatkeena. Reunataitokset 11 ja 12 siis ulkonevat reunaosuuksista likimain pintojen 5 ja 6 suuntaisina tai hieman elementin keskitasoon 7 påin kallistettuna. Nåmå reunataitokset 11 ja 12 ovat muottisei-15 nåmåsså 1 ja 2 alemman reunaosuuden 8a ja 9a leveysmitan W1 pååsså kyseisestå pinnasta 5 tai 6. Toisin sanoen alemman reunaosuuden leveysmitta W1 elementin pinnasta 5, 6 mitattu-na on saman suuruinen tai hieman pienempi kuin reunataitok-sen 11, 12 etåisyys W2 samasta pinnasta 5, 6. Tåmå auttaa 20 påållekkåisten elementtien muottiseinåmiå 1 ja 2 kohdistu-maan asennettaessa toisiinsa, kuten on ymmårrettåvåå kuvion 2 perusteella.Preferably, the extension of the upper edge portions 8b and 9b in the mold element 10 is edge folds 11 and 12 parallel to the first and second surfaces 5, 6 and pointing outwards from the mold element 10 10 in the same direction, respectively, as an extension of the usually horizontal edge portion. The edge folds 11 and 12 thus protrude from the edge portions approximately parallel to the surfaces 5 and 6 or slightly inclined towards the central plane 7 of the element. These edge folds 11 and 12 are in the mold wall 1 and 2 at a width W1 of the lower edge portion 8a and 9a from said surface 5 or 6. That is, the width of the lower edge portion W1 measured from the surface 5, 6 of the element is equal to or slightly smaller than the edge fold its distance W2 from the same surface 5, 6 of it 11, 12. This helps the mold walls 1 and 2 of the overlapping elements 20 to be aligned when installed, as will be appreciated from Fig. 2.

Keksinnon mukaisesti muottielementti 10 muodostuu kahdesta 25 toistensa peilikuvaksi sijoitetusta muottiseinåmåstå 1, 2, « : jotka on kiinteåsti yhdistetty toisiinsa joko ylemmistå reu naosuuksista 8b ja 9b tai alemmista reunaosuuksista 8a ja 9a seinåmån paksuussuuntaisilla metallitangoilla 3, jotka edullisesti ovat raudoitukseen sopivaa betoniteråstankoa. Nåmå 30 rautatangot 3 on kiinnitetty kiinteåsti muottiseinåmiin 1 ja 2, jolloin ne muodostavat valupainetta vastustavat valusi-teet. Kun elementtien korkeus H valitaan riittåvån pieneksi, saadaan nåitå poikittaisia tankoja 3 pystysuunnassa riittåvån tiheåån, jolloin korkeuden H mittaiset ohutta levyå ole-35 vat seinåmåt eivåt pååse taipumaan. Lisåksi reunaosuudet 8a, b ja 9a, b toimivat pituussuuntaisina jåykisteinå.According to the invention, the mold element 10 consists of two mirror wall walls 1, 2, «arranged in a mirror image of each other, which are fixedly connected to each other either by the upper edge portions 8b and 9b or by the lower edge portions 8a and 9a. In these 30, the iron bars 3 are fixedly attached to the mold walls 1 and 2, whereby they form castings resistant to casting pressure. When the height H of the elements is chosen to be sufficiently small, these transverse bars 3 are obtained sufficiently densely in the vertical direction, whereby the walls of the thin plate of length H are not able to bend. In addition, the edge portions 8a, b and 9a, b act as longitudinal stiffeners.

6 916546 91654

Muottiseinåmien 1 ja 2 ja poikkisuuntaisten tankojen 3 vali-nen liitos saadaan lujemmaksi ja samalla rakenteeseen saa-daan sen kanssa integroitu pituussuuntainen betoniraudoitus kiinnittåmållå poikittaiset tangot liitoksilla 15a reuna-5 osuuteen liitoksella 15b yhdistettyyn pitkittåiseen metalli-tankoon tax metallitankoihin 4, kuten betoniteråkseen. Tål-loin muottielementin 10 sisalle syntyy kuviosta 7 ilmeneva tikasraudoite 18, joka siis koostuu pitkittåisistå raudoista 4 ja niita poikittain yhdiståvistå tangoista 3. Tama rakenne 10 pitåå muottielementin erittain hyvin koossa ja raudoittaa sen samalla. On selvaa, ettå pitkittåisiå tankoja voi olla useampia kuin esitetyt kaksi. Sekå poikittaisten tankojen 3 ettå pitkittåisten tankojen 4 våliset liitokset 15a sekå pitkittåisten tankojen 4 ja reunaosuuden materiaalin våliset 15 liitokset 15b ovat edullisesti hitsiliitoksia 16, kuten on esitetty kuviossa 6B. Jompikumpi liitoksista tai molemmat voivat olla myos mekaanisilla kiinnikkeillå 17 toteutettuja kiinnityksiå, kuten on esitetty kuviossa 6A.The optional joint of the formwork walls 1 and 2 and the transverse bars 3 is made stronger and at the same time longitudinal concrete reinforcement is obtained in the structure by attaching the transverse bars by joints 15a to the edge-5 section connected to the longitudinal metal bar 4 by the joint 15b. The ladder reinforcement 18 shown in Fig. 7 is formed inside the mold element 10, which thus consists of longitudinal irons 4 and rods 3 connecting them transversely. This structure 10 keeps the mold element very well together and reinforces it. It is clear that there may be more elongate bars than the two shown. Both the joints 15a between the transverse bars 3 and the longitudinal bars 4 and the connections 15b between the longitudinal bars 4 and the material of the edge portion 15 are preferably welded joints 16, as shown in Fig. 6B. Either or both of the joints may also be fastenings made with mechanical fasteners 17, as shown in Figure 6A.

20 Muottielementin 10 jåykiståmiseksi kuljetuksen ja asennuksen aikana vååntoå vastaan on vastakkaiset muottiseinåmåt 1, 2 yhdistetty lisåksi toisiinsa yhdestå tai useammasta vålimat-kan pååsså toisistaan olevasta kohdasta likimain Z-muotoi-silla jåykistysraudoilla 19. Tåmå yhdiståminen on tehty ele-25 mentin 10 påiden låheltå tai keskeltå. Nåiden Z-muotoisten jåykistysrautojen 19 alahaara 20a ja ylåhaara 20b ulottuvat ainakin likimain muottiseinåmåstå toiseen ja ne on hitsattu tai muulla tavoin kiinnitetty seinåmåmateriaaliin ja/tai pitkittåisiin tankoihin 4 tai poikkisuuntaisiin tankoihin 3 30 tai nåiden jatkeisiin. Tåmå Z-muotoinen jåykistysrauta voi sijaita muottielementisså joko kohtisuorassa sen pituutta L vastaan tai siihen nåhden kallistettuna yhteen tai useampaan suuntaan.In order to stiffen the formwork element 10 during transport and installation against torsion, the opposite formwork walls 1, 2 are additionally connected to one another at one or more spaced-apart points at approximately 25 Z-shaped reinforcing irons. Keskelt. The lower leg 20a and the upper leg 20b of these Z-shaped stiffening irons 19 extend at least approximately from one mold wall to the other and are welded or otherwise attached to the wall material and / or to the longitudinal bars 4 or transverse bars 3 or their extensions. This Z-shaped bracing iron can be located in the mold element either perpendicular to its length L or inclined with respect to it in one or more directions.

35 Kuviossa 5 on esitetty yhden muottiseinåmån 1 poikkileikkaus suuremmassa koossa, jolloin toisen muottiseinåmån poikkileikkaus on tåmån peilikuva. Tålloin muottielementtiin muo-dostuu symmetriataso 7. Muottiseinåmåsså on muottipinnan 5Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of one mold wall 1 in a larger size, the cross-section of the other mold wall being a mirror image of this. In this case, the plane of symmetry is formed in the mold element 7. The mold wall has a mold surface 5

IIII

7 91654 ja 6 ja mainitun reunaosuuden 8a ja 8b tai vastaavasti 9a ja 9b vålinen elementin sisapuolinen kulma Kl ja K2 hieman pie-nempi kuin 90°. Esitetysså toteutusmuodossa ovat kulmat Kl ja K2 suuruusluokkaa 88°. Periaatteessa voidaan ajatella, 5 etta ylempi reunaosuus 8b ja alempi reunaosuus 8a muodosta-vat kiilamaisen rakenteen, jolloin esimerkiksi ylempi kulma Kl on selvasti suurempi kuin 90° ja alempi kulma K2 vastaavasti selvasti pienempi kuin 90°, mutta ei vaikuta edulli-selta muotoilla tata poikkeamaa kovin suureksi seinan li-10 saantyvån paksuussuuntaisen kuormituksen vuoksi.7 91654 and 6 and the inner angle K1 and K2 of said edge portion 8a and 8b or 9a and 9b, respectively, are slightly less than 90 °. In the embodiment shown, the angles K1 and K2 are of the order of 88 °. In principle, it is conceivable that the upper edge portion 8b and the lower edge portion 8a form a wedge-shaped structure, whereby, for example, the upper angle K1 is clearly greater than 90 ° and the lower angle K2 is clearly smaller than 90 °, respectively, but does not appear to shape very large due to the thickness load applied to the wall li-10.

Muottielementin 10 sisålle on helposti sijoitettavissa liki-main siså- ja ulkopintojen 6, 5 suuntaiset seinåmåmuotin paksuutta T ohuemmat låmpoeristelevyt 21 joko elementin kes-15 kiosaan tai toista muottiseinåmåå vasten. Nåmå eristelevyt 21 tukeutuvat poikittaisiin tankoihin 3 ja ne on erittåin helppo asentaa elementin 10 sisåån ylhååltåpåin sekå valmis-tavalla tehtaalla ettå asennuspaikalla. Låmpoeristelevyjen 21 paikallaanpysyminen voidaan varmistaa tarvittaessa ylå-20 puolisilla poikkisuuntaisilla siteillå 27.Inside the mold element 10, thermal insulation plates 21 thinner than the wall mold thickness T parallel to the inner and outer surfaces 6, 5 can be easily placed either in the central part of the element-15 or against another mold wall. These insulating plates 21 rest on transverse bars 3 and are very easy to install inside the element 10 from above, both in a ready-made manner at the factory and at the installation site. The retention of the thermal insulation boards 21 can be ensured, if necessary, by transverse ties 27 on the upper side.

Keksinndn mukainen seinåmåmuotti voi tarvittaessa kåsittåå vastakkaisten muottiseinåmien 1, 2 ja poikittaisten metalli-tankojen 3 våliin pystyyn asennettuja joko erillisiå betoni-25 teråksiå tai erityisiå raudoituselementtejå 22. Nåmå raudoi-tuselementit 22 koostuvat keksinnon mukaan edullisesti kol-miomuotoon sijoitetuista pitkittåistangoista 23 ja nåistå ainakin kahden våliin esimerkiksi sik-sak-muotoon asenne-tuista ja niihin esimerkiksi hitsaamalla kiinnitetyistå tu-30 kiraudoista 24. Tålloin saadaan aikaan kolmioraudoite 22, joka on erittåin tehokas raudoitusmuoto. Pystyraudoituksena voidaan myos kåyttåå tikasraudoitetta 18.The wall mold according to the invention can, if necessary, comprise either separate concrete-25 steels or special reinforcing elements 22 mounted vertically between the opposite mold walls 1, 2 and the transverse metal bars 3. According to the invention, these reinforcing elements 22 preferably consist of three between the supports 24 mounted, for example, in the zig-zag shape and the supports 24 attached to them, for example by welding. In this case, a triangular reinforcement 22 is obtained, which is a very efficient form of reinforcement. Ladder reinforcement 18 can also be used for vertical reinforcement.

Esimerkiksi tikasraudoitteen 18 tartunnan edelleen paranta-35 miseksi muottiseinåmiin 1, 2 voidaan muottielementti varus-taa alempien reunaosuuksien 8a, 9a muottipintojen 5, 6 suun-taisilla ja muottielementin sisåosiin påin osoittavilla tai-toksilla 13, 14, kuten nåkyy kuvioista 2 ja 6. Nåmå taitok- 91654 8 set 13, 14 osoittavat siis samaan suuntaan kuin reunataitok-set 11, 12 ja erityisesti poikittaisten tankojen 3 paat tai niiden jatkeet tai tassa tapauksessa tikasraudoitteen pit-kittåiset tangot 4 asettuvat naiden taitosten 13, 14 ja sei-5 nåmån ulkopinnan valiin nain parantaen lukittumista.For example, in order to further improve the adhesion of the ladder reinforcement 18 to the mold walls 1, 2, the mold element can be provided with orientations 13, 14 parallel to the mold surfaces 5, 6 of the lower edge portions 8a, 9a and facing the interior parts of the mold element, as shown in Figures 2 and 6. the folds 9, 14 thus point in the same direction as the edge folds 11, 12 and in particular the ends of the transverse bars 3 or their extensions or in this case the longitudinal bars 4 of the ladder reinforcement lie between these folds 13, 14 and the outer surface of the wall. nain improving locking.

Edella kuvattua seinåmåmuottia voidaan kåyttåå paitsi edellå kuvatun varsinaisen betonivalun muottina myos muun kovettu-van massan muottina vastaavan seinåman saamiseksi. Tilapai-10 sia seinamia vårten voidaan tållå muotilla saatu muottitila tayttaa myos hiekalla tai soralla tai vastaavalla. Tallainen seinama on purettavissa, koska taytemateriaali on poistetta-vissa.The wall mold described above can be used not only as a mold for the actual concrete casting described above, but also as a mold for another curable mass to obtain a corresponding wall. For the walls of the space, the mold space obtained with this mold can also be filled with sand or gravel or the like. Such a wall can be dismantled because the filling material is removable.

15 Seinamamuotin ei ole valttamatta oltava edellå kuvatun to- teutusmuodon mukainen. Siten esimerkiksi muottiseinåmåt 1 ja 2 voivat olla keskenåån muotoilultaan ja mitoitukseltaan erilaisia. Elementti ei tålloin ole symmetrinen vaan ulko-pinta 5 ja sisåpinta 6 voidaan saada erilaisiksi. Reunatai-20 tosten ei asennetussa seinåmåmuotissa valttamatta ole oltava vaakasuoria, vaikka se yleensa on edullista ja yksinkertais-ta. Aåritapauksessa voidaan muottielementit 10 kuviosta 1 poiketen sijoittaa vaikkapa pystyyn ja painaa jollain jår-jestelyllå vaakasuunnassa yhteen. Muottielementit 10 voivat 25 olla myos pituussuunnassaan kaarevia, jolloin saadaan vas-taavasti kaarevia seinamia, kuten kuviossa 9A on esitetty. Muottielementti voi olla myos suljettu kehåmåinen osa, jolloin syntyy kehåmåinen muottiseinåmå, kuten on esitetty kuviossa 9B. Kehåmåinen muoto voi olla ympyrå, soikio, neli-30 kulmio, kolmio tms.15 The wall mold does not necessarily have to comply with the embodiment described above. Thus, for example, the mold walls 1 and 2 may have different shapes and dimensions. The element is then not symmetrical, but the outer surface 5 and the inner surface 6 can be made different. The edges or 20s do not necessarily have to be horizontal in the installed wall mold, although it is generally inexpensive and simple. In the extreme case, the mold elements 10, in contrast to Fig. 1, can be placed, for example, vertically and pressed together horizontally by some arrangement. The mold elements 10 can also be curved in their longitudinal direction, whereby correspondingly curved walls are obtained, as shown in Fig. 9A. The mold element may also be a closed circumferential portion, creating a circumferential mold wall, as shown in Figure 9B. The circumferential shape may be a circle, an oval, a square-30, a triangle, or the like.

IIII

Claims (8)

1. Våggform, som består av flera ovanpå varandra liggande 15 sådana formelement (10), som innefattar åtminstone två i huvudsak motsatta engångsformvåggar (l, 2) bildade av profilerad metallplåt, vilka kvarstår i den slutgiltiga be-tonggjutningen eller liknande, den forstå av vilka bildar den yttre ytan (5) och den andra av vilka den inre ytan (6) 20 f5r betonggjutningen; i deras ovre och nedre kanter i elementets långdriktning (L) sig stråckande kantdelar, stodda mot vilka elementen kan staplas ovanpå varandra; åtminstone ett forbindelseorgan, som består av två långsgående och med ett mellanrum från varandra liggande stånger fastgjorda 25 (15a) vid varandra medelst tvårstånger (3), vilka stånger har fåstats vid de motsatta våggarna, varvid detta forbindelseorgan forenar de två formvåggarna med varandra; samt eventuella betongarmeringar inom formen, kånnetecknad av att kantdelarna (8a, b; 9a, b) med en våsentlig bredd (Wl, W2) 30 ligger tvårs mot den forstå och den andra ytan (5, 6) och år riktade mot våggens mittparti (7), att formelementen (10) innefattar som forlångning av de ovre kantdelarna (8b, 9b) kantveck (11, 12) omkring med riktningen av den forstå respektive den andra ytan (5, 6) och riktade i samma riktning 35 utåt från formelementet (10) f6r att uppnå staplings- och inriktningsformåga, och att de långsgående stångerna (4) har placerats på de invåndiga ytorna av formelementens nedre kantdelar (8a, 9a) och har stadigt fastgjorts (15b) vid ma- 12 91654 terialet av den ifrågavarande kantdelen, varvid forbindelse-organets tvårgående och långsgående stånger (3, 4) omgivna av den slutgiltiga betonggjutningen eller liknande bildar både gjutbindning och betongarmering inom den slutgiltiga 5 våggen.1. Waveform consisting of several superposed mold members (10) comprising at least two substantially opposite disposable mold walls (1,2) formed of profiled metal sheet which remain in the final concrete casting or the like, as understood by forming the outer surface (5) and the other of which the inner surface (6) forms the concrete casting; in their upper and lower edges in the longitudinal direction (L) of the element are projecting edge portions, against which the elements can be stacked on top of one another; at least one connecting means consisting of two longitudinal and spaced apart bars (15a) attached to each other by means of cross bars (3), which bars have been fixed to the opposite walls, said connecting means joining the two mold walls together; and any concrete reinforcements within the mold, characterized in that the edge portions (8a, b; 9a, b) having a substantial width (W1, W2) lie transversely towards the grasp and the second surface (5, 6) and years directed towards the middle portion of the wall ( 7) comprising the extension elements (10) extending the upper edge portions (8b, 9b) around the folds (11, 12) around the direction of the respective respective second surface (5, 6) and facing in the same direction outwardly from the molding element (10) to achieve stacking and alignment ability, and that the longitudinal bars (4) are positioned on the inner surfaces of the lower edge portions (8a, 9a) of the mold members and are firmly secured (15b) to the material of the material in question. the edge portion, wherein the transverse and longitudinal bars (3, 4) of the connecting member surrounded by the final concrete casting or the like form both cast bonding and concrete reinforcement within the final wall. 2. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att form-elementen (10) innehåller som fdrlångning av de nedre kant-delarna (8a, 9a) veck (13, 14) omkring med riktningen av den 10 forstå respektive den andra ytan (5, 6) och riktade i samma riktning inåt till formelementet (10) och att stångerna (3), som bildar gjutbindningar, eller deras forlångningar stråcker sig medelst bockningar eller delar med motsatta riktningar från formelementets mittparti bakom dessa veck 15 for att uppnå grepp med formvåggen (1, 2) mot gjuttrycket.Wave shape according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold elements (10) contain as elongation of the lower edge parts (8a, 9a) folds (13, 14) about the direction of the respective understanding and the second surface (5, respectively). 6) and directed in the same direction inwardly to the mold element (10) and the bars (3) forming moldings or their extensions extend by means of bends or parts with opposite directions from the central portion of the mold element behind these folds to obtain grip with the mold wave ( 1, 2) against the molding pressure. 3. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att de stadiga forbindningarna (15a, 15b) mellan de långsgående och de tvårgående stångerna respektive med kantdelarna (8, 9) år 20 svetsfogar (16) och/eller forbindningar gjorda medelst mekaniska fåsten (17) for att uppnå en multifunktionen steg-armering (18).3. A waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed joints (15a, 15b) between the longitudinal and the transverse rods and with the edge parts (8, 9), respectively, are weld joints (16) and / or joints made by mechanical fastening (17). to achieve a multifunction step reinforcement (18). 4. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att form-25 elementets (10) två formvåggar (1, 2) har forenats med var- : andra hos ett eller flera stållen med ett mellanrum från varandra medelst omkring Z-formiga forstyvningsjårn (19), vårs nedre och 6vre grenar (20a, b) stråcker sig från en formvågg till en annan, att forstyvningsjårnen har svetsats 30 eller med ett motsvarande sått fastgjorte med våggmaterialet och/eller med de långsgående eller tvårgående metallstånger (4 eller 3) eller med deras forlångningar och att de Z-for-miga forstyvningsjårnen (19) står snett i forhållande till formelementets (10) långdriktning. 354. Wave shape according to claim 1, characterized in that the two mold walls (1, 2) of the mold element (10) are joined to each other by one or more spacers at a distance from one another by means of about Z-shaped stiffening jaws (19). , the lower and upper branches of the spring (20a, b) extend from one mold wall to another, that the stiffening yarns have been welded 30 or with a corresponding cut attached to the wall material and / or with the longitudinal or transverse metal bars (4 or 3) or with their desires and that the Z-for-rigid stiffener yarns (19) are oblique in relation to the longitudinal direction of the mold element (10). 35 5. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att formelementet (10) innehåller omkring i riktningen av de : inre och de yttre ytorna (5, 6) en vårmeisoleringsskiva (21) II 13 91654 som år tunnare ån våggformens tjocklek (T) antingen i formens mittparti eller mot den ena formvåggen.5. A waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold element (10) contains in the direction of the: inner and outer surfaces (5, 6) a heat insulating disc (21) thinner than the thickness of the waveform (T), either in the middle part of the mold or against one of the mold scales. 6. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att denna 5 form innefattar i upprått låge placerade betongarmeringar eller armeringselement (22) mellan de motsatta formvåggarna (1, 2) och de tvårgående metalistångerna (3), vilka element fordelaktigt består av i triangel placerade långsgående stånger (23) och mellan åtminstone två av dessa installerade 10 och dårvid fastgjorda stodjårn (24) for att uppnå en trian-gelarmering eller vilka element alternativt består av steg-armeringar (18) med långsgående stånger (4) och i forhållan-de till desamma tvårgående stånger (3). 156. A waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that this shape comprises upright low concrete reinforcements or reinforcing elements (22) between the opposite mold walls (1, 2) and the transverse metal bars (3), which elements advantageously consist of longitudinal triangles. rods (23) and between at least two of these installed and attached brackets (24) to obtain a triangular reinforcement or which elements alternatively consist of step reinforcements (18) with longitudinal rods (4) and in relation to the same transverse bars (3). 15 7. Våggform enligt något av de foregående patentkraven, kånnetecknad av att i formelementet (10) år elementets in-våndiga vinkel (Kl, K2) mellan formytan (5, 6) och kantdelen (8a, b; 9a, b) något mindre ån 90°. 20Waveform according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the mold element (10), the internal angle (K1, K2) of the element between the mold surface (5, 6) and the edge part (8a, b; 9a, b) is slightly smaller than the 90 °. 20 8. Våggform enligt patentkrav 1, kånnetecknad av att form elementet (10) år i sin långdriktning buktat eller bildar en sluten ring.8. A waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the element (10) is curved in its longitudinal direction or forms a closed ring.
FI921984A 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 wall Formwork FI91654C (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI921984A FI91654C (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 wall Formwork
RU94045965A RU2107789C1 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Shuttering for walls
EP93911519A EP0673461B1 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall form
PCT/FI1993/000183 WO1993022519A1 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall formwork
DE69312734T DE69312734T2 (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 WALL SOUNDING
AU40420/93A AU4042093A (en) 1992-04-30 1993-04-29 Wall formwork

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FI921984A FI91654C (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 wall Formwork
FI921984 1992-04-30

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FI921984A FI921984A (en) 1993-10-31
FI91654B FI91654B (en) 1994-04-15
FI91654C true FI91654C (en) 1994-07-25

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DE (1) DE69312734T2 (en)
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WO (1) WO1993022519A1 (en)

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GB2176646B (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-07-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Supporting means for supporting a magnetic transducer for a double surface type flexible disk apparatus
KR100412160B1 (en) * 1999-04-24 2003-12-31 주식회사 기하 동문 건축사사무소 Structure of steel aggregate for concrete building
ITMI20031552A1 (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-01-30 Bruno Stoppa WALL STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY FOR BUILDING BUILDINGS.
GB2552437B (en) * 2014-03-04 2019-02-13 Abbey Pynford Holdings Ltd Shuttering system
GB2523766B (en) * 2014-03-04 2019-02-20 Abbey Pynford Holdings Ltd Shuttering system
RU2739389C1 (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-12-23 Александр Петрович Савело Production method of construction elements from polystyrene concrete

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US4149349A (en) * 1971-11-08 1979-04-17 Arcadia Enterprises Corp. Wall forming assembly
DE2913959A1 (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-19 Ricci Giovanni Battista Prefabricated, as a basic element for the production of wall serving element
US4348847A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-09-14 Mod-Lok Industries Ltd. Spacer extender
EP0079344A1 (en) * 1981-05-22 1983-05-25 HART, Garry Randall Methods of building construction
DE3238384A1 (en) * 1982-10-15 1984-04-19 Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing. 6104 Seeheim-Jugenheim Bernius Connecting piece for wall panels

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RU94045965A (en) 1996-09-10
RU2107789C1 (en) 1998-03-27
EP0673461B1 (en) 1997-07-30
WO1993022519A1 (en) 1993-11-11
FI921984A0 (en) 1992-04-30
DE69312734T2 (en) 1997-12-04
AU4042093A (en) 1993-11-29
EP0673461A1 (en) 1995-09-27
DE69312734D1 (en) 1997-09-04
FI921984A (en) 1993-10-31
FI91654B (en) 1994-04-15

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