FI128744B - Method for preparing nitrogenous fertilizer and soil conditioner from liquid manure and/or manure - Google Patents

Method for preparing nitrogenous fertilizer and soil conditioner from liquid manure and/or manure Download PDF

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Publication number
FI128744B
FI128744B FI20195277A FI20195277A FI128744B FI 128744 B FI128744 B FI 128744B FI 20195277 A FI20195277 A FI 20195277A FI 20195277 A FI20195277 A FI 20195277A FI 128744 B FI128744 B FI 128744B
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nitrogen
pyrolysis
manure
liquid
coal
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FI20195277A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI20195277A1 (en
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Juha Takala
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Pellon Group Oy
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Priority to FI20195277A priority Critical patent/FI128744B/en
Priority to PCT/FI2020/050219 priority patent/WO2020201636A1/en
Priority to EP20782352.7A priority patent/EP3947322A4/en
Publication of FI20195277A1 publication Critical patent/FI20195277A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/24—Sulfates of ammonium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C3/00—Treating manure; Manuring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • C02F1/586—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds by removing ammoniacal nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
    • C05F17/15—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment the material being gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

Menetelmä typpipitoisen lannoitteen ja maanparannusaineen valmistamiseksi lietelannasta ja/tai lannasta. Menetelmään kuuluu seuraavat vaiheet: - erotellaan lietelanta ja/tai lanta kiintofraktioon ja nestefraktioon, - suoritetaan nestefraktiolle ammoniakin strippaus, josta saadaan typpipitoisuudeltaan laimea nestejae ja ammoniakkia sisältävä kaasufaasi, - suoritetaan typen talteenotto kaasufaasista happoa sisältävään nesteliuokseen, jolloin saadaan ammoniumsuolaliuos (ammoniumtyppeä), - käsitellään kiintofraktio pyrolyysilla, jossa muodostuu hiiltä, pyrolyysinestettä ja pyrolyysikaasua, - ladataan typen talteenottovaiheesta saatua ammoniumsuolaliuosta pyrolyysiprosessissa muodostuneeseen hiileen, jolloin lopputuotteeksi saadaan typpipitoinen lannoite ja maanparannusaine.Method for preparing a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil improver from slurry and / or manure. The process comprises the following steps: - separating the slurry and / or manure into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, solid fraction by pyrolysis to form carbon, pyrolysis liquid and pyrolysis gas, - loading the ammonium salt solution from the nitrogen recovery step onto the carbon formed in the pyrolysis process, resulting in a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil improver.

Description

Menetelmä typpipitoisen lannoitteen ja maanparannusaineen val- mistamiseksi lietelannasta ja/tai lannastaMethod for producing nitrogenous fertilizer and soil conditioner from slurry and/or manure

Keksinnön kohteena on menetelmä typpipitoisen lannoitteen ja maanparan- nusaineen valmistamiseksi lietelannasta ja/tai lannasta, johon menetelmään kuuluu seuraavat vaiheet: - erotellaan lietelanta ja/tai lanta kiintofraktioon ja nestefraktioon, - suoritetaan nestefraktiolle ammoniakin strippaus, josta saadaan typpipitoi- suudeltaan laimea nestejae ja ammoniakkia sisältävä kaasufaasi, —- suoritetaan typen talteenotto kaasufaasista happoa sisältävään nesteliuok- seen, jolloin saadaan ammoniumsuolaliuos (ammoniumtyppeä), - käsitellään kiintofraktio pyrolyysilla, jossa muodostuu hiiltä, pyrolyysines- tettä ja pyrolyysikaasua. — Edellä mainitut menetelmävaiheet ovat sinänsä tunnettuja. Kaikkia menetel- mävaiheita ei kuitenkaan ole suoritettu yhden menetelmän eri osavaiheina.The object of the invention is a method for producing a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil conditioner from slurry and/or manure, which method includes the following steps: - the slurry and/or manure is separated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, - ammonia stripping is performed on the liquid fraction, resulting in a liquid fraction with a dilute nitrogen content and a liquid fraction containing ammonia gas phase, —- nitrogen recovery is carried out from the gas phase to a liquid solution containing acid, resulting in an ammonium salt solution (ammonium nitrogen), - the solid fraction is treated with pyrolysis, which produces carbon, pyrolysis liquid and pyrolysis gas. — The method steps mentioned above are known in themselves. However, not all method steps have been carried out as different sub-steps of one method.

On tunnettua erottaa ja ottaa talteen typpeä lantaperäisestä nesteestä kon- sentroimalla typpi omaksi jakeeksi strippaamalla ja pesemällä muodostuva ammoniakkikaasu vastaanottoliuoksella, tyypillisesti rikkihapolla, jolloin saa- daan ammoniumsulfaattia (NH4)2 SO4. Ammoniumsulfaatin ammoniumionit toimivat kasvien typpilannoitteena ja sulfaatti-ionit alentavat maan pH:ta.It is known to separate and recover nitrogen from manure-derived liquid by concentrating the nitrogen into its own fraction by stripping and washing the resulting ammonia gas with a receiving solution, typically sulfuric acid, resulting in ammonium sulfate (NH4)2 SO4. The ammonium ions of ammonium sulfate act as nitrogen fertilizer for plants, and the sulfate ions lower the soil's pH.

Hakijan patenttijulkaisusta EP 2279153 B1 tunnetaan menetelmä, jossa en- o nen ammoniakin strippausta nestefraktiolle suoritetaan aerobinen mikrobiolo-From the applicant's patent publication EP 2279153 B1, a method is known in which, before ammonia stripping, the liquid fraction is subjected to an aerobic microbiological

N 25 — ginen käsittely, jolla vähennetään kemikaalien tarvetta typen konsentrointi-N 25 — nitrogen treatment, which reduces the need for chemicals for nitrogen concentration

S vaiheessa. © = On myös tunnettua käyttää lannasta pyrolysoimalla tehtyä biohiiltä maanpa-In the S phase. © = It is also known to use biochar made from manure by pyrolyzing

N rannusaineena ja lannoitteena. Hiili sitoo vettä ja estää raviteiden, erityisesti io 30 fosforin ja typen huuhtoutumista vesistöihin. Kuivalannasta tai keksinnön 2 mukaisen menetelmän kiintofraktiosta saatava hiili sisältää lisäksi merkittä- vän määrän fosforia.N as fertilizer and fertilizer. Carbon binds water and prevents nutrients, especially io 30 phosphorus and nitrogen, from being washed into waterways. The carbon obtained from dry manure or the solid fraction of the method according to invention 2 also contains a significant amount of phosphorus.

Julkaisusta US 9919976 B1 tunnetaan menetelmä, jossa biohiilipitoista maan- parannusainetta valmistetaan pyrolyysilla lannasta tai anaerobisella mädätyk- sellä prosessoidun lannan kuiva-ainefraktiosta. Pyrolyysilla valmistetun biohii- len ravinnepitoisuutta parannetaan sekoittamalla siihen mädätysprosessista saadusta nestefraktiosta erotettuja ravintoaineita. Kiintofraktion ja nestefrak- tion erotus tapahtuu vasta mädätysprosessin jälkeen. Mädätysprosessista saatu kuiva-aines soveltuu huonosti pyrolyysiin, koska pääosa hiilestä on jo poistunut biokaasujen mukana. Ravintoaineiden erottaminen mädätysproses- sin nestefraktiosta edellyttää hygienisointia ja saatu typpi on nesteeseen — (liuenneen ammoniakin muodossa, mikä on haihtuvaa ja haisevaa kaasua.A method is known from the publication US 9919976 B1, in which a biochar-containing soil conditioner is prepared from manure by pyrolysis or from the dry matter fraction of manure processed by anaerobic digestion. The nutrient content of biochar produced by pyrolysis is improved by mixing it with nutrients separated from the liquid fraction obtained from the digestion process. The separation of the solid fraction and the liquid fraction takes place only after the digestion process. The dry matter obtained from the digestion process is not suitable for pyrolysis, because the main part of the carbon has already been removed with the biogases. Separating nutrients from the liquid fraction of the digestion process requires hygienization and the nitrogen obtained is in the liquid — (in the form of dissolved ammonia, which is a volatile and smelly gas.

Keksinnön tarkoituksena on edelleen kehittää edellä mainittuja tunnettuja menetelmiä siten, että niiden hyvät puolet voidaan yhdistää menetelmäksi, jolla voidaan valmistaa uudentyyppistä lannoitetta, joka toimii sekä typpilan- —noitteena että maanparannusaineena.The purpose of the invention is to further develop the above-mentioned known methods in such a way that their good aspects can be combined into a method that can be used to produce a new type of fertilizer that works both as a nitrogen fertilizer and as a soil conditioner.

Tämä tarkoitus saavutetaan oheisen patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukaisesti siten, että alussa mainittujen tunnettujen menetelmävaiheiden lisäksi ladataan ty- pen talteenottovaiheesta saatua ammoniumsuolaliuosta pyrolyysiprosessissa — muodostuneeseen hiileen, jolloin lopputuotteeksi saadaan typpipitoinen lan- noite ja maanparannusaine.This purpose is achieved in accordance with the attached claim 1 in such a way that, in addition to the well-known method steps mentioned at the beginning, the ammonium salt solution obtained from the nitrogen recovery step is loaded into the carbon formed in the pyrolysis process, so that the final product is a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil conditioner.

Epäitsenäisissä patenttivaatimuksissa on esitetty keksinnön edullisia suoritus-Advantageous embodiments of the invention are presented in independent patent claims

S muotoja.S shapes.

N 25No. 25

S Seuraavassa keksintöä selostetaan viittaamalla oheiseen piirustukseen, jossaS In the following, the invention is explained with reference to the attached drawing, where

OO

E Kuvio 1 esittää keksinnön mukaisen menetelmän prosessikaaviota. 3E Figure 1 shows the process diagram of the method according to the invention. 3

O 30 — Kuvion 1 prosessikuvaus: &O 30 — Process description of Figure 1: &

1. Otetaan lähtöaineeksi lantaa ja/tai lietelantaa, joka voi sisältää myös muita jakeita kuten esimerkiksi pesuvesiä. Lantana ja/tai lietelantana voi olla kaikki eläinperäinen lanta. Lanta ja/tai lietelanta syötetään kiintoaineen erotteluun 2. Erotellaan lietelanta ja/tai lanta kiintofraktioon ja nestefraktioon. Laitteis- tona voidaan käyttää esimerkiksi separaattoria, viiraa ja/tai saostusta. Saos- tusaltaaseen voidaan lisätä polymeeria, joka sitoo kiintoaineen ja sakka va- joaa altaan pohjalle, josta kiintoaine voidaan poistaa laahalla. Kiintoaineen erotteluun voidaan käyttää myös muuta erotusmenetelmää kuten linkoa. Tar- — koituksena on jakaa lannan ja/tai lietelannan kiinto- ja nestefraktio oleelli- sesti erilleen. 3. Erotellulle nestefraktiolle voidaan suorittaa biologinen esikäsittely ennen typen konsentrointia. Esikäsittelynä käytetään aerobista mikrobikäsittelyä, joka on kuvattu esim. hakijan patenttijulkaisussa EP 2279153 B1. Biologisella esikäsittelyllä ja tarvittaessa kemikaaleilla nestefraktion pH voidaan nostaa halutulle tasolle typen konsentroinnin helpottamiseksi. 4. Typen konsentroimiseksi suoritetaan nestefraktiolle ammoniakin strippaus, — josta saadaan typpipitoisuudeltaan laimea nestejae ja ammoniakkia sisältävä kaasufaasi. Kaasufaasista typpi otetaan talteen happoa sisältävään nesteliu- okseen (ns. vastaanottoliuokseen), jolloin saadaan ammoniumsuolaliuos (am- moniumtyppeä). Nesteliuoksena käytetään pääsääntöisesti laimennettua rik- 2 kihappoa (H2S04), jolloin ammoniumsuolaliuos on ammoniumsulfaattia1. Let's take manure and/or slurry as starting material, which can also contain other fractions such as, for example, washing water. Manure and/or sludge manure can be any manure of animal origin. Manure and/or slurried manure is fed to solid separation 2. Separate slurried manure and/or manure into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction. For example, a separator, wire and/or precipitation can be used as equipment. A polymer can be added to the sedimentation basin, which binds the solid matter and the sediment sinks to the bottom of the basin, from which the solid matter can be removed with a ladle. Another separation method, such as a spinner, can also be used to separate the solid. — the purpose is to essentially separate the solid and liquid fractions of manure and/or slurry. 3. The separated liquid fraction can be subjected to biological pretreatment before nitrogen concentration. Aerobic microbial treatment is used as pretreatment, which is described, for example, in the applicant's patent publication EP 2279153 B1. With biological pretreatment and, if necessary, chemicals, the pH of the liquid fraction can be raised to the desired level to facilitate nitrogen concentration. 4. In order to concentrate the nitrogen, ammonia stripping is performed on the liquid fraction, — from which a liquid fraction with a dilute nitrogen content and a gas phase containing ammonia are obtained. Nitrogen is recovered from the gas phase in a liquid solution containing acid (the so-called receiving solution), resulting in an ammonium salt solution (ammonium nitrogen). As a rule, diluted sulfuric acid (H2S04) is used as a liquid solution, in which case the ammonium salt solution is ammonium sulfate

N 25 —((NH4)2 SO4). Kaasufaasin pesurissa käytetty vastaanottoliuos voi olla myösN 25 —((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ). The receiving solution used in the gas phase scrubber can also be

S muuta happoa kuin rikkihappoa tai se voi koostua eri happojen sekoituk- 2 sesta. Ammoniakin strippausvaiheesta saadaan lisäksi laimea nestefraktio, = jonka typpipitoisuus on oleellisesti pienentynyt. Tätä laimeaa nestefraktiotaS an acid other than sulfuric acid or it can consist of a mixture of different acids. The ammonia stripping step also yields a dilute liquid fraction, = whose nitrogen content has been substantially reduced. This dilute liquid fraction

N voidaan käyttää suoraan pellolle levitettävänä typpilannoitteena tai se voi- io 30 daan siirtää sellaisenaan jäteveden puhdistuslaitokselle. Vaihtoehtoisesti lai- 2 measta nestefraktiosta voidaan poistaa typpi ja orgaaninen aines kalvoteknii- kalla, jolloin puhdistettu nestefraktio voidaan laskea suoraan luontoon.N can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer applied directly to the field, or it can be transferred as is to a wastewater treatment plant. Alternatively, nitrogen and organic matter can be removed from the dilute liquid fraction using membrane technology, in which case the purified liquid fraction can be discharged directly into nature.

5. Kiintoaineen erottelusta saatu kiintofraktio käsitellään pyrolyysilla, jossa muodostuu hiiltä, pyrolyysinestettä ja pyrolyysikaasua. Pyrolyysissa hajote- taan orgaanista ainesta hapettomassa tai vähähappisessa olosuhteessa. Py- —rolyysiprosessi tehdään pääsääntöisesti hidaspyrolyysinä. Ennen pyrolyysiä kiintofraktio voidaan esikuivattaa ja/tai lämmittää. Pyrolyysiin voidaan lisätä myös muuta oleellisesti hiiltä sisältävää kiintofraktiota tai kuivalantaa, jota ei tarvitse kuljettaa kiintoaineen erotteluvaiheen kautta. Pyrolyysituotteena muodostuva biohiili sisältää merkittäviä määriä fosforia (P) ja kaliumia (K) ja — muitakin kasveille tärkeitä ravinteita. Hiili voidaan jauhaa tai murskata sopi- van kokoisiksi rakeiksi myöhempää käyttöä ja käsittelyä varten. Pyrolyysikaa- sua ja pyrolyysinestettä voidaan hyödyntää energiana tai muussa käyttötar- koituksessa. 6. Keksinnön mukaisen lopputuotteen aikaansaamiseksi ladataan typen tal- teenottovaiheesta saatua ammoniumsuolaliuosta pyrolyysiprosessissa muo- dostuneeseen hiileen, jolloin lopputuotteeksi saadaan typpipitoinen lannoite ja maanparannusaine. Ammoniumsuolaliuos voidaan ladata hiilijauheeseen tai -murskeeseen esimerkiksi suihkuttamalla. Ammoniumsuolaliuoksena on — tyypillisesti ammoniumsulfaatti (NH4)2 SO4. Hiileen voidaan ladata myös muita ravinteita ja/tai hivenaineita viljelytarpeen mukaan. 7. Hiileen ladattava haluttu ravinnepitoisuus säädetään punnitukseen perus- o tuvalla virtausmittauksella. Hiilijauhetta tai -mursketta johdetaan jatkuvana5. The solid fraction obtained from the separation of solid matter is processed by pyrolysis, which produces carbon, pyrolysis liquid and pyrolysis gas. In pyrolysis, organic matter is decomposed in oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions. The pyrolysis process is generally done as slow pyrolysis. Before pyrolysis, the solid fraction can be pre-dried and/or heated. Another solid fraction containing substantially carbon or dry manure can also be added to pyrolysis, which does not need to be transported through the solid separation step. The biochar formed as a pyrolysis product contains significant amounts of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) and — other nutrients important for plants. Coal can be ground or crushed into suitable sized granules for later use and processing. Pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid can be used as energy or for other purposes. 6. In order to obtain the final product according to the invention, the ammonium salt solution obtained from the nitrogen recovery step is loaded into the carbon formed in the pyrolysis process, resulting in a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil conditioner. Ammonium salt solution can be loaded into coal powder or pulverized coal, for example by spraying. The ammonium salt solution is — typically ammonium sulfate (NH4)2 SO4. Other nutrients and/or trace elements can also be added to the charcoal, depending on the cultivation needs. 7. The desired nutrient content to be loaded into the coal is adjusted by flow measurement based on weighing. Coal powder or crushed coal is fed continuously

N 25 — virtana punnituslaitteen kautta ja ammoniumsuolaliuoksen syöttömäärää oh-N 25 — as a flow through the weighing device and the feed quantity of the ammonium salt solution

S jataan punnitustuloksen perusteella. Typen ja fosforin määrien keskinäiset 2 suhteet säädetään viljelysuunnitelman mukaisesti. Säätöä varten analysoi-S is divided based on the weighing result. The mutual 2 ratios of the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus are adjusted according to the cultivation plan. For adjustment, analyze

E daan ensin hiilen mukana tulevan fosforin määrä ja sen mukaan säädetäänFirst, the amount of phosphorus that comes with the coal is given and adjusted accordingly

N hiileen ladattavan typen määrä. Typen ja fosforin määristä peltopinta-alaaN the amount of nitrogen to be loaded into coal. Quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus per arable area

O 30 — kohti on säädetty direktiiveissä ja maakohtaisissa säädöksissä.O 30 — is stipulated in directives and country-specific regulations.

OO

NOF

Lopputuotteeksi saadaan NPK-lannoite, joka on impregnoitu hiileen ja joka toimii samalla maanparannusaineena hiilen ansiosta.The final product is NPK fertilizer, which is impregnated with carbon and which also acts as a soil conditioner thanks to the carbon.

Edellä kuvatut prosessivaiheet voivat sisältää lämmitys- ja/tai jäähdytyspro- 5 sesseja.The process steps described above may include heating and/or cooling processes.

OO

NOF

OO

NOF

NOF

<Q 0<Q 0

I jami aI Jami a

PPPP

PMP.M

NOF

LO oLO o

OO

NOF

Claims (6)

PatenttivaatimuksetPatent Claims 1. Menetelmä typpipitoisen lannoitteen ja maanparannusaineen valmista- miseksi lietelannasta ja/tai lannasta, johon menetelmään kuuluu seuraavat — vaiheet: - erotellaan lietelanta ja/tai lanta kiintofraktioon ja nestefraktioon, - suoritetaan nestefraktiolle aerobinen biologinen esikäsittely, - suoritetaan esikäsitellylle nestefraktiolle ammoniakin strippaus, josta saa- daan typpipitoisuudeltaan laimea nestejae ja ammoniakkia sisältävä kaasu- faasi, - suoritetaan typen talteenotto kaasufaasista happoa sisältävään nesteliuok- seen, jolloin saadaan ammoniumsuolaliuos (ammoniumtyppeä), - käsitellään kiintofraktio pyrolyysilla, jossa muodostuu hiiltä, pyrolyysines- tettä ja pyrolyysikaasua, - ladataan typen talteenottovaiheesta saatua ammoniumsuolaliuosta pyrolyy- siprosessissa muodostuneeseen hiileen, jolloin lopputuotteeksi saadaan typ- pipitoinen lannoite ja maanparannusaine.1. A method for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil conditioner from slurry and/or manure, which method includes the following — steps: - the slurry and/or manure is separated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, - an aerobic biological pretreatment is performed on the liquid fraction, - ammonia stripping is performed on the pretreated liquid fraction, from which - a liquid fraction with a dilute nitrogen content and a gas phase containing ammonia are given, - nitrogen recovery is carried out from the gas phase to a liquid solution containing acid, resulting in an ammonium salt solution (ammonium nitrogen), - the solid fraction is treated with pyrolysis, which produces carbon, pyrolysis liquid and pyrolysis gas, - the nitrogen recovery phase is loaded ammonium salt solution to the carbon formed in the pyrolysis process, resulting in a nitrogen-containing fertilizer and soil conditioner. 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että neste- — liuoksen happona on rikkihappo (H2S04), jolloin ammoniumsuolaliuos on am- moniumsulfaattia ((NH4)2 SO4).2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid of the liquid solution is sulfuric acid (H2SO4), whereby the ammonium salt solution is ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2 SO4). 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että o analysoidaan hiilen mukana tulevan fosforin määrä ja säädetään hiileen la- N 25 —dattavan typen määrää typen ja fosforin määrien keskinäisten suhteiden sää- S tämiseksi vastaamaan viljelysuunnitelmaa. O z 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amount of phosphorus accompanying the coal is analyzed and the amount of nitrogen loaded into the coal is adjusted to adjust the mutual ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus amounts to match the cultivation plan. Oh z 4. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1-3 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että N pyrolyysista saatava hiili jauhetaan tai murskataan ja ammoniumsuolaliuos io 30 — ladataan hiilijauheeseen tai -murskeeseen suihkuttamalla. O N4. The method according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the coal obtained from N pyrolysis is ground or crushed and the ammonium salt solution io 30 — is loaded into the coal powder or crushed coal by spraying. IS 5. Patenttivaatimuksen 4 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että hiilijau- hetta tai -mursketta johdetaan jatkuvana virtana punnituslaitteen kautta ja ammoniumsuolaliuoksen syöttömäärää ohjataan punnitustuloksen perus- teella.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that coal powder or pulverized coal is fed as a continuous stream through the weighing device and the supply amount of the ammonium salt solution is controlled on the basis of the weighing result. 6. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1-5 mukaisella menetelmällä valmistettu NPK- lannoite, joka on impregnoitu hiileen. O N O N N <Q 0 I = PP PM N LO o O N6. NPK fertilizer produced by the method according to one of claims 1-5, which is impregnated with carbon. O N O N N <Q 0 I = PP PM N LO o O N
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