FI128138B - Saneeraussukka - Google Patents

Saneeraussukka Download PDF

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Publication number
FI128138B
FI128138B FI20140123A FI20140123A FI128138B FI 128138 B FI128138 B FI 128138B FI 20140123 A FI20140123 A FI 20140123A FI 20140123 A FI20140123 A FI 20140123A FI 128138 B FI128138 B FI 128138B
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
fabric
sock
sewn
cover
fibers
Prior art date
Application number
FI20140123A
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI20140123A (fi
Inventor
Tomas Henrik Mikael Forsman
Original Assignee
Tomas Henrik Mikael Forsman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tomas Henrik Mikael Forsman filed Critical Tomas Henrik Mikael Forsman
Priority to FI20140123A priority Critical patent/FI128138B/fi
Priority to PCT/FI2015/000018 priority patent/WO2015166133A1/en
Priority to US15/307,399 priority patent/US10539263B2/en
Priority to EP15785885.3A priority patent/EP3137806A4/en
Publication of FI20140123A publication Critical patent/FI20140123A/fi
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI128138B publication Critical patent/FI128138B/fi

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
    • F16L55/1656—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section materials for flexible liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
    • B29C63/34—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3034—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/62—Stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0072—Orienting fibers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/008—Sewing, stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)

Abstract

Saneeraussukka viemäriputken korjaamiseksi käsittää needle punch -tekniikalla toisiinsa kiinnitettävät päällyskankaan (1) ja pohjakankaan (2) sekä joustavalla liimalla (3) pohjakankaaseen (2) kiinnitetyn, venytettävissä oleva muovikalvon (4), johon joustavaan uimaan (3) myös päällyskankaan (1) ja pohjakankaan (2) toisiinsa sekoittuneet kuidut (5) ovat liimautuneet. Tästä materiaalista leikataan, ommellaan viemäriputken mittoja vastaava saneeraussukka, jonka ommeltu sauma vielä teipataan.

Description

SANEERAUSSUKKA
Tämän keksinnön kohteena on saneeraussukka ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi. Saneeraussukka kuuluu 5 tekstiilitekniikan alaan ja se on tarkoitettu viemäriputken sukkasujutuksen välineeksi. Saneeraussukkaa käytetään siis viemäriputkien korjauksessa.
Tunnetuissa ratkaisuissa tällä tekniikan alalla sukkarakenteeseen kuuluva kangaskerros on liimattu muo10 vikalvoon kiinni. Sujutusmenetelmällä suoritettavissa viemärisaneerauksessa sukkarakenteen kangaspintainen ja epoksilla kovetettava sisäpuoli tulee viemäriputken sisäpintaa vasten ja sukkarakenteen muovikalvoinen pinta jää sisimmäksi pinnaksi. Tunnetuissa ratkaisuissa käy15 tettävät kangastyypit ovat harjattu kangas eli ns. molton-kanastyyppi ja huopakankaat. Harjatussa kankaassa paksumpi kangas harjataan, jotta epoksi paremmin imeytyisi siihen. Harjattu kangas on venyvää kangasta, mutta sitä voidaan venyttää korkeintaan vain noin 50 pro20 senttiä kankaan pituudesta tai leveydestä. Siksi siitä tiettyyn mittaan leikattu ja ommeltu sukka soveltuu vain tätä mittaa vastaavalle tai seuraavaksi isommalle standardimukaiselle putkikoolle. Huopakangas on samantyyppinen kuin harjattu kangaskin, mutta se ei usein 25 ole venytettävissä. Siksi se soveltuu vain yhdelle putkikoolle. Tunnetuissa ratkaisuissa käytettävät kangaslaadut eivät myöskään ole tasalaatuisesti paksunnettavissa. Polyuretaanipintaiset koonmuutossukat eivät kestä yli 80 celsiusasteen lämpötiloja ja ovat hauraita ja 30 vahingoittuvia kuumuudessa.
Keksinnön tarkoituksena on valmistaa saneeraussukka, jossa edellä mainitut epäkohdat poistetaan ja
20140123 prh 12-10-2015 aikaansaadaan riittävästi venytettävissä oleva saneeraussukka. Hyvän sujutuksen varmistamiseksi saneeraussukan halkaisijan on oltava pienempi, kuin mitä on saneerattavan putken halkaisija ja samalla saneeraussukan 5 on oltava laajennettavissa venyttämällä sitä yhtä useamman putkikoon halkaisijan mittoja vastaavaksi. Saneeraussukalta edellytetään tällöin venymistä vähintään 60-70 prosenttia sen alkuperäiskoosta, mikä takaa saman sukan käytön useammalle putkihalkaisijalle. Venymispro10 sentit ja venymissuunnan on oltava määriteltävissä pohjakankaan perusteella. Päällyskankaiden venymisominaisuudet kaikkiin suuntiin ovat samanlaiset. Pohjakankaita on erilaisia ja niillä on eri venymissuunnat, sekä pitkittäissuuntainen että poikittaissuuntainen. Lisäksi 15 kankaan paksuuden on oltava tasalaatuisesti säädeltävissä. Eräs keksinnössä käytettävä, molempiin suuntiin venyvä muovikalvo on termopolyuretaani (TPU), joka kestää lämmityksen yli 100 celsiusasteeseen. Epoksipolymeerit vaativat yleensä jälkilämmityksen saavuttaakseen 20 korkean Tg-arvon. Normaali polyuretaanipintainen sukka ei kestä tarpeeksi korkeita jälkilämpötiloja. Muita keksinnössä käytettäviä muovityyppejä ovat PU, PVC. Myös muita soveltuvia muoveja voidaan käyttää.
Yhden sukkakoon sopiminen useammalle putkikool25 le parantaa taloudellista kannattavuutta yksinkertaisemman tuotantotekniikan ansiosta, kun kaikille eri kokoisille sukille ei tarvita erillisiä tuotantolinjoja. Keksinnön avulla ne voidaan vähentää puoleen. Samalla saneeraustekniikalla voidaan kattaa useamman asiakkaan 30 tarpeet. Venytetyn saneeraussukan lopputulos pysyy tasalaatuisempana ja halutun suuruisena, kun sukkaa venytetään vain toiseen suuntaan.
20140123 prh 12-10-2015
Riittävästi venytettävissä oleva ja paksuudeltaan tasalaatuinen saneeraussukka voidaan keksinnön mukaisesti valmistaa menetelmällä, jossa saneeraussukan pohjakankaana käytetään päällyskangasta ohuempaa kan5 gasta, joka määrittelee saneeraussukan pituus- ja leveyssuuntaiset venymän maksimit, ja jossa päällyskankaana käytetään pohjakangasta paksumpaa, epoksilla sitomista varten olevaa venyvämpää kangasta. Erään pohjakankaan venymän maksimi pituussuunnassa on noin 10 pro10 senttiä ja leveyssuunnassa noin 70 prosenttia. Erään toisen pohjakankaan venymän maksimi pituussuunnassa on noin 30 prosenttia ja leveyssuunnassa noin 50 prosenttia. Paksummassa päällyskankaassa venymän maksimit sekä pituus- että leveyssuunnassa ovat noin 70-80 pro15 senttiä. Nämä kankaat ovat venymissuuntien suhteen keksinnön mukaisesti vaihdettavissa eri asentoon toistensa suhteen. Pohjakankaan asento määrittelee venymissuunnan. Päällyskankaan paksuus on vaihdettavissa eri standardien vaatimusten mukaisesti. Päällyskangas on pak20 suudeltaan edullisesti n. 2,5-4,5 millimetriä ja massaltaan n. 250-550 grammaa per neliömetri. Eräs päällyskangasratkaisu on käyttää aaltomaista päällyskangasta, jolla varmistetaan saneeraussukan venyvyys haluttuun suuntaan aaltojen suunnan asetannalla. Pohja- ja 25 päällyskankaita yhteen sitomalla liimaa käyttäen muovikalvoon päästään haluttuun lopputulokseen, kuten seuraavassa kerrotaan. Pohjakangas on massaltaan edullisesti n. 100-200 grammaa. Päällyskangas möyhennetään ja kiinnitetään pohjakankaaseen needle punch -neuloilla, 30 joissa needle punch -neulan sivussa oleva neulan painamissuuntaan vastakarvaan oleva sahalaitainen muotoilu painaa päällyskankaan kuituja pohjakankaan rakenteeseen
20140123 prh 12-10-2015 sekoittaen eri kankaiden kuituja toisiinsa ja sitoen kankaita näin yhteen ja muodostaen ns. joustokerroksen. Tämä kankaiden kiinnitystäpä aikaansaa venymisominaisuuden. Tämän jälkeen liimataan muovikalvo pohjakankaa5 seen joustavan liiman ulottuessa kangasrakenteeseen siten, että eri kankaiden sekoittuneet kuidut liimautuvat toisiinsa sekä muovikalvoon kiinni. Näin aikaansaatu kahden kankaan, liiman ja muovin muodostama rakenne ommellaan saneeraussukaksi, jonka saneeraussukan ommel10 saumat lopuksi teipataan epoksin vuotamisen estämiseksi .
Täsmällisemmin sanottuna keksinnön mukaiselle menetelmälle ja laitteella on ominaista se, mikä on esitetty patenttivaatimusten 1 ja 2 tunnusmerkkiosissa.
Seuraavassa kuvataan keksintöä lähemmin viittaamalla oheisiin piirustuksiin, joissa
Kuva 1 esittää keksinnönmukaisen saneeraussukan kangasrakenteen poikkileikkausta.
Päällyskangas 1 möyhennetään ja asetetaan poh20 jakangasta 2 vasten, minkä jälkeen päällyskankaan 1 puolelta painetaan needle punch -neulat 7 päällyskankaan 1 ja pohjakankaan 2 lävitse, jolloin molempien kankaiden 1 ja 2 kuituja sekoittuu toisiinsa ja sekoittuneet kuidut 5 ulottuvat pohjakankaan 2 pinnan ulko25 puolelle. Needle punch -neulat 7 vedetään pois. Pohjakangas 2 liimataan joustavalla liimalla 3 muovikalvoon 4 liimaten samalla sekoittuneet kuidut 5 toisiinsa. Näin muodostuu joustokerros 6 pohjakankaan 1 ja päällyskankaan 2 väliin. Liiman 3 kuivuttua aikaansaadusta 30 saneeraussukkakankaasta leikataan tarvittavan kokoinen pala ja ommellaan se saneeraussukan muotoon ja ommelsauma teipataan.
Vaihtoehtoisena toteutusmuotona keksinnölle on useamman, esimerkiksi kahden, päällyskankaan käyttäminen yhden sijasta saneeraussukassa.
20140123 prh 12-10-2015
Thomas Forsman
Uudet vaatimukset (puhdas versio):
20140123 prh 02 -02- 2017
1. Menetelmä saneeraussukan valmistamiseksi tunnettu siitä, että • vähintään yksi päällyskangas (1) ja pohjakangas (2) järjestetään toisiaan vasten, • päällyskankaan (1) puolelta painetaan needle punch -neulat (7) päällyskankaan (1) ja pohjakankaan (2) lävitse, jolloin kankaiden (1) ja ( 2) kuituja sekoittuu toisiinsa j a sekoittuneet kuidut (5) ulottuvat pohjakankaan (2)pinnan ulkopuolelle, • needle punch -neulat (7) vedetään pois, • pohjakangas (2) ja muovikalvon (4) kiinnitetään toisiinsa joustavalla liimalla (3), jolloin samalla sekoittuneet kuidut (5) kiinnittyvät liimalla (3) toisiinsa, • liiman (3) kuivuttua aikaansaadusta saneeraussukkakankaasta leikataan tarvittavan kokoinen pala ja ommellaan se saneeraussukan muotoon ja ommelsauma teipataan • päällyskankaana (1) käytetään aaltomaista kangasta.
2. Saneeraussukka viemäriputken korjaamiseksi tunnettu siitä, että viemäriputken halkaisijan mukaan leikattuun, ommeltuun ja ommelsaumasta teipattuun saneeraussukkaan kuuluu joustavan saneeraussukan aikaansaamiseksi needle punch -tekniikalla toisiinsa kiinnitetyt erilaista materiaalia olevat ja erilaiset venymän maksimipituudet omaavat vähintään yksi päällyskangas (1) ja pohjakangas (2) sekä joustavalla liimalla (3) pohjakankaaseen (2) kiinnitetty venytettävissä oleva muovikalvo (4) johon joustavaan liimaan (3) myös päällyskankaan (1) ja pohjakankaan (2) toisiinsa sekoittuneet kuidut (5) ovat liimautuneet ja jossa päällyskankaana (1) käytetään aaltomaista kangasta.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen 2 mukainen saneeraussukka viemäriputken korjaamiseksi tunnettu siitä, että päällyskankaana (1) käytetään kangasta, joka on venytettävissä jopa 70-80 prosenttia suuremmaksi verrattuna venyttämättömään tilaan.
4. Patenttivaatimuksen 2 mukainen saneeraussukka viemäriputken korjaamiseksi tunnettu siitä, että pohjakankaana (2) käytetään kangasta, jolla on pitkittäis-ja poikittaissuuntien suhteen erilaiset venymisominaisuudet.
FI20140123A 2014-04-30 2014-04-30 Saneeraussukka FI128138B (fi)

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US15/307,399 US10539263B2 (en) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Cured-in-place pipe liner
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