FI126708B - Grinder and blade element for refiner - Google Patents

Grinder and blade element for refiner Download PDF

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Publication number
FI126708B
FI126708B FI20145559A FI20145559A FI126708B FI 126708 B FI126708 B FI 126708B FI 20145559 A FI20145559 A FI 20145559A FI 20145559 A FI20145559 A FI 20145559A FI 126708 B FI126708 B FI 126708B
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
blade
refiner
rotatable
brushes
refining
Prior art date
Application number
FI20145559A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Inventor
Markku Partanen
Vesa M Harju
Original Assignee
Valmet Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valmet Technologies Inc filed Critical Valmet Technologies Inc
Priority to FI20145559A priority Critical patent/FI126708B/en
Priority to DE102015109025.2A priority patent/DE102015109025A1/en
Priority to CN201510310677.XA priority patent/CN105178086B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI126708B publication Critical patent/FI126708B/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/22—Jordans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/10—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers concentrically moved; Bell crushers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/22—Jordans
    • D21D1/24—Jordan rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/22—Jordans
    • D21D1/26—Jordan bed plates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

Refiner, and blade element for refiner
Field of the invention [0001] The present invention relates to a conical refiner for refining a fibrous material, the refiner comprising a conical stationary refining element and an opposed conical rotatable refining element having a first end of a smaller diameter and a second end of a larger diameter, the stationary and rotatable refining elements each comprising at least one blade element provided with first blade bars and first blade grooves therebetween, a top surface of at least one first blade bar being provided with second blade bars and second blade grooves, and that at least one blade element in the rotatable refining element comprises openings for feeding the material to be refined into a blade gap between the stationary and rotatable refining elements.
[0002] The present invention also relates to a blade element for a conical rotatable refining element, the blade element being intended to provide at least part of a refining surface of the conical rotatable refining element, the blade element having a first end to be directed towards an end of the refining element having a smaller diameter and a second end to be directed towards an end of the refining element having a larger diameter, the blade element comprising a refining surface provided with first blade bars and first blade grooves therebetween, a top surface of at least one first blade bar being provided with second blade bars and second blade grooves, and which blade element comprises openings arranged through the blade element.
Background of the invention [0003] A typical conical refiner has a conical stationary refining element and an opposed conical rotatable refining element. The conical refining elements have a first end of a smaller diameter and a second end of a larger diameter, the refiner thus also having a first end of a smaller diameter and a second end of a larger diameter. The stationary refining element provides a stator of the refiner and the rotatable refining element provides a rotor of the refiner. The stationary and rotatable refining elements each comprise one or more blade elements provided with blade bars and blade grooves therebetween. The blade bars and the blade grooves in the blade elements provide refining surfaces of the refining elements.
[0004] A problem with such conical refiners is an uneven distribution of the material to be refined in a blade gap between the opposing refining ele- merits, in which blade gap the refining of the material takes place. The uneven distribution of the material to be refined in the blade gap results from a tendency of the material to move towards the end of the refiner having the larger diameter when the rotor of the refiner rotates. In other words, the material to be refined thus becomes get compacted at the end of the refiner having the larger diameter such that the refining of the material thus mainly takes place at the end of the refiner having the larger diameter. Consequently, the refining of the material, i.e. the operation of the refiner, is inefficient at the end of the refiner having the smaller diameter. When the refiner operates unevenly as described above, the refined material is not optimal in quality, either, and the capacity of the refiner in respect of the refining surface area of the refiner is small.
[0005] For example publications WO 2009/153413 Al, WO 2012/101330 Al, WO 2009/040476 Al, WO 97/23291 Al and Somboon, P. & Pynnönen, T. Performance of abrasive segments in mechanical pulp refining. A review. Paperi ja Puu. 2008, Vol. 90, No. 5, p. 41 - 45 relate to refiners for refining fibrous material.
Brief description of the invention [0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a novel type of a conical refiner and a blade element thereof.
[0007] The conical refiner according to the invention is characterized in that the first blade bars and the second blade bars in the rotatable refining element are arranged at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction of the rotatable refining element, whereby the first blade bars and the second blade bars in the rotatable refining element restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined towards the ends of the refining elements having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element is rotated, and that an absolute value of a blade bar angle of the second blade bar is higher than an absolute value of a blade bar angle of the first blade bar.
[0008] The blade element according to the invention is characterized in that the first blade bars and the second blade bars are arranged to be at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction of the rotatable refining element, when the blade element is attached to the rotatable refining element, whereby the first blade bars and the second blade bars restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined towards the end of the refining element having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element is rotated, and that an absolute value of a blade bar angle of the second blade bar is higher than an absolute value of a blade bar angle of the first blade bar.
[0009] The invention provides a combination of evenly distributing the material to be refined in the blade gap already at a supply phase of the material to be refined and preventing the material to be refined from becoming compacted at the end of the refiner having the larger diameter. The feed of the material to be refined into the blade gap through the openings arranged in the refining surface of the rotatable refining element distributes the material to be refined more evenly in the blade gap immediately after it has been fed into the blade gap. When the blade bars in the rotatable refining element are arranged at a negative blade bar angle as disclosed above, the blade bars either restrict the flow of material to be refined towards the end of the refiner having the larger diameter, or even move the material to be refined in a direction from the end of the refiner having the larger diameter towards the end of the refiner having the smaller diameter. The blade bars in the rotatable refining element thus compensate for the tendency of the material to be refined to move towards the end of the refiner having the larger diameter.
[0010] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the blade bars in the stationary refining element are arranged at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction of the rotatable refining element, whereby the blade bars in the stationary refining element restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined towards the ends of the refining elements having the larger diameter.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the first blade bars and the second blade bars in the stationary refining element are arranged at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction of the rotatable refining element, whereby the first blade bars and the second blade bars in the stationary refining element restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined towards the ends of the refining elements having the larger diameter.
[0012] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the at least one blade element in the stationary refining element comprises openings for discharging a refined material from the blade gap between the stationary and rotatable refining elements.
[0013] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the openings in the blade element are elongated openings and arranged at least partly within an area of a bottom of the blade grooves.
[0014] According to an embodiment of the refiner, at least one opening is arranged to extend substantially over the whole area of the bottom of the blade groove.
[0015] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the openings are arranged at least partly within an area of the blade bars, and the openings are arranged at least partly transversely to a longitudinal direction of the blade bars.
[0016] According to an embodiment of the refiner, refining grits are arranged in a top surface of at least one blade bar.
[0017] According to an embodiment of the refiner, the blade bars have a curved shape in the longitudinal direction of the blade bars.
[0018] According to an embodiment of the blade element, the openings are elongated openings and arranged at least partly within an area of a bottom of the blade grooves.
[0019] According to an embodiment of the blade element, at least one opening is arranged to extend substantially over the whole area of the bottom of the blade groove.
[0020] According to an embodiment of the blade element, the openings are arranged at least partly within an area of the blade bars and the openings are arranged at least partially transversely to a longitudinal direction of the blade bars.
[0021] According to an embodiment of the blade element, refining grits are arranged in a top surface of at least one blade bar.
[0022] According to an embodiment of the blade element, the blade bars have a curved shape in the longitudinal direction of the blade bars.
Brief description of the drawings [0023] In the following, the invention will be described in greater detail by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which [0024] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a conical refiner in cross- section; [0025] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a blade element as seen in a direction of a refining surface of a blade element; [0026] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a second blade element as seen in the direction of the refining surface of the blade element; [0027] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a third blade element as seen in the direction of the refining surface of the blade element; and [0028] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a fourth blade element as seen in the direction of the refining surface of the blade element.
[0029] For the sake of clarity, the figures show some embodiments of the invention in a simplified manner. Like reference numerals identify like elements in the figures.
Detailed description of the invention [0030] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a conical refiner 1, which is used for refining a fibrous material, such as a wood material, containing lignocel-lulose or another material suitable to be used for manufacturing paper or paper-board, for example. The refiner 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a frame 2 and a stationary, fixed refining element 3, i.e. a stator 3, of the refiner 1, supported on the frame 2. The stationary refining element 3 comprises a blade element 4 comprising blade bars and blade grooves therebetween, the blade bars and the blade grooves in the blade element 4 forming a refining surface 5 of the stationary refining element 3.
[0031] The refiner 1 further comprises a rotatable refining element 6, i.e. a rotor 6, of the refiner 1. The rotatable refining element 6 comprises a body 7 and a blade element 8 comprising blade bars and blade grooves therebetween, the blade bars and the blade grooves in the blade element 8 forming a refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6. The body 7 of the rotatable refining element 6 is connected to a motor 10 by a shaft 11 so that the rotatable refining element 6 may be rotated about the stationary refining element 3 by the motor 10 and the shaft 11 in a direction of arrow R, for instance, the arrow R thus indicating an intended rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6.
[0032] The refiner 1 may also comprise a loader which, for the sake of clarity, is not shown in Figure 1 and which can be used for moving back and forth the rotatable refining element 6 attached to the shaft 11, as schematically shown by arrow A, in order to adjust the size of a blade gap 12 between the blade elements 4, 8 of the stationary refining element 3 and the rotatable refining element 6. The blade elements 4, 8 may be single uniform blade elements extending over the whole circumference of the corresponding refining elements. Alternatively, the blade elements 4, 8 may consist of several originally separate elements, i.e. blade segments, attached next to each other, whereby each single blade segment provides only a part of the whole blade element.
[0033] The fibrous material to be refined is fed into the refiner 1 via a feed channel 13 in a manner shown by arrow F. A majority of the fibrous material fed into the refiner 1 passes, in a manner schematically shown by arrows P, through openings 14 formed through the blade element 8 in the rotatable refining element 6 into the blade gap 12 between the stationary refining element 3 and the rotatable refining element 6, in which the fibrous material is to be refined. The already refined material is, in turn, able to pass through openings 15 formed through the blade element 4 in the stationary refining element 3 into an intermediate space 16 between the frame 2 of the refiner 1 and the stationary refining element 3, wherefrom the refined material is removed via a discharge channel 17 from the refiner 1, as schematically shown by arrow D.
[0034] Since the space between the rotatable refining element 6 and the frame 2 of the refiner 1 is not fully closed, some of the fibrous material being fed into the refiner 1 may transfer into the blade gap 12 from the right end of the blade gap 12, i.e. from the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having a smaller diameter, as seen in Figure 1. Correspondingly, some of the already refined material may also exit the blade gap 12 from the left end of the blade gap 12, i.e. from the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having a larger diameter, as seen in Figure 1, wherefrom a connection is provided to the intermediate space 16 between the frame 2 of the refiner 1 and the stationary refining element 3.
[0035] In the embodiment of Figure 1 of the refiner 1, only one feed channel 13 is provided, and it is arranged at the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter, but the actual implementation of the refiner could also comprise a second feed channel arranged at the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter, whereby the discharge channel 17 of the refiner 1 could be arranged for example somewhere between the first 18 and second 19 ends of the refiner 1. In the following, the reference sign 18 and the term first end 18 may indicate both the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter and the first ends 18 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the smaller diameter; similarly the reference sign 19 and the term second end 19 may indicate both the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter and the second ends 19 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the larger diameter.
[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a blade element as seen in a direction of a refining surface of a blade element. The blade element of Figure 2 is a blade segment 20 intended to provide a part of the blade element 8 of the rotatable refining element 6, whereby a refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20 provides a part of the refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6 and a complete refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6 may be provided by placing a number of blade segments 20 next to each other. Alternatively, a single blade element having a complete conical shape could also be used to provide the complete refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6. The complete refining surface 5 of the stationary refining element 3 may also be provided, correspondingly, with a number of blade segments placed next to each other or with a single blade element having a complete conical shape.
[0037] The blade segment 20 of Figure 2 comprises a first end 21 to be directed towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 and a second end 22 to be directed towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1. The blade segment 20 further comprises first blade bars 23 traveling, running or extending in a direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the second end 22 of the blade segment 20, and first blade grooves 24 therebetween. A top surface of the first blade bars 23 further comprises second blade bars 25 traveling, running or extending in a direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the second end 22 of the blade segment 20, and second blade grooves 26 therebetween. The first blade bars 23 and the first blade grooves 24 together with the second blade bars 25 and the second blade grooves 26 provide the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20, the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20 providing a part of the complete refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6. The blade segment 20 further comprises, at a bottom of the first blade grooves 24, openings 14 arranged through the blade segment 20, the openings 14 providing supply openings for feeding the material to be refined into the blade gap 12 between the opposing refining elements 3, 6 as disclosed above. The openings 14 shown in Figure 2 have the shape of a longitudinal oval and they are arranged in the bottom of the first blade grooves 24 at a distance from each other in a direction of the first blade grooves 24 so that a common area shared by the openings 14 in the first blade groove 24 forms a specific, desired portion of the total area of the bottom of the first blade groove 24.
[0038] The blade segment 20 of Figure 2 is intended to be attached to the rotatable refining element 6 in such a way that a first side edge 28 of the blade segment 20 is intended to be directed towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6 and a second side edge 29 of the blade segment 20 is intended to be directed towards a direction reverse to the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6.
[0039] The first blade bars 23 and the second blade bars 25 in the blade segment 20 and, correspondingly, in the rotatable refining element 6 when the blade segment 20 is attached to the rotatable refining element 6, are arranged at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6. The angle of the blade bars 23, 25, i.e. a blade bar angle of the blade bars 23, 25, is determined in respect of a projection of the shaft 11 of the refiner 1 in the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20, or in other words in respect of a projection of the shaft 11 of the refiner 1 in the refining surface 9 of the blade element 8 of the rotatable refining element 6. The projection of the shaft 11 of the refiner 1 in the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20 is schematically shown in Figure 2 with a line indicated by a reference sign PS. The blade bar angle of a blade bar is considered to be negative when an edge of a blade bar directed towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6, i.e. a front edge of the blade bar, is arranged on the side of the second end 22 of the blade segment 20 to be located farther towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6 than the front edge of the same blade bar on the side of the first end 21 of the blade segment 20. In the refiner 1 this means that the front edge of the blade bar is arranged on the side of the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter to be located farther towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6 than the front edge of the same blade bar on the side of the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter. The blade bar angle is thus determined as an angle between the projection PS of the shaft 11 of the refiner 1 and the front edge of the blade bar 23, 25. In Figure 2, the front edge of the first blade bar 23 is denoted with a reference sign 23’ and the front edge of the second blade bar 25 is denoted by a reference sign 25’. The blade bar angle between the first blade bar 23 and the projection PS of the shaft 11 is denoted in Figure 2 by reference sign al and the blade bar angle between the second blade bar 25 and the projection PS of the shaft 11 is denoted in Figure 2 by reference sign a2.
[0040] When the first blade bars 23 and the second blade bars 25 are arranged at a negative blade bar angle as disclosed above, the first blade bars 23 and the second blade bars 25 have an effect on the material to be refined which restricts, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter, whereto the material to be refined tends to move in conventional conical refiners. The first blade bars 23 and the second blade bars 25 cause a pumping effect on the material to be refined, which pumping effect tends to prevent the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter, or which pumping effect may even move the material in a direction from the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter. The first blade bars 23 and the second blade bars 25 arranged at the negative blade bar angle as disclosed above thus compensate for the tendency of the material to be refined to move towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter. Consequently, the material to be refined does not become compacted at the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter but will be distributed more evenly in the blade gap 12 between the opposing refining elements 3, 6. This increases the efficiency of the refining, which increases the capacity of the conical refiner. Also, the quality of the refining is more uniform. Also, because the material to be refined is fed into the blade gap 12 through the openings 14 arranged in the refining surface 9 of the rotatable refining element 6 rather than through the first end 18 of the refiner 1 as conventionally, the material to be refined will be distributed more evenly in the blade gap 12 immediately after being fed into the blade gap 12. This also has an advantageous effect on the uniform quality of the refined material, as well as evens out the running of the refiner 1. The discharge of the material already refined from the blade gap 12 may take place through openings 15 in the blade element 4, or through at least one of the first ends 18 of the refining elements having the smaller diameter and the second ends 19 of the refining elements having the larger diameter if the blade element 4 is closed, i.e. if the blade element 4 comprises no openings 15.
[0041] The value of the blade bar angle al, a2 of the blade bars 23, 25 affects the degree of how effectively the blade bars 23, 25 restrict the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter. At least a portion of the length of the blade bars 23, 25 may be arranged at a blade bar angle which allows some flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter but, at the same time, at least to some extent slows down the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1. Alternatively, at least a portion of the length of the blade bars 23, 25 may be arranged at a blade bar angle which prevents the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 but which blade bar angle does not promote or affect the flow of material to be refined towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter, either. Furthermore, one possible alternative is to arrange at least a portion of the length of the blade bars 23, 25 at a blade bar angle which promotes the flow of material to be refined towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter.
[0042] The choice of the blade bar angle al, a2 is made on the basis of the desire to provide a flow of material to be refined onto the refining surfaces 5, 9 of the refining elements 3, 6 in an axial direction of the refiner 1, which flow of material may prevent too high a concentration of material to be refined from appearing in some portions of the refining surfaces. According to an embodiment, the blade bar angles al, a2 are selected to be between 0 and -60 degrees. The blade bar angle al, a2 should not be selected to be very high, because a very high blade bar angle does not allow or cause any movement of the material to be refined in the blade gap 12. According to another embodiment, the blade bar angles al, a2 are selected to be between -5 and -40 degrees, whereby the selected blade bar angle effectively restricts the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap 12 towards the second ends 19 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element 6 is rotated, and may even cause the flow of material to be refined to move towards the first ends 18 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the smaller diameter. According to a further embodiment, the blade bar angles al, a2 are selected to be between -10 and -30 degrees, whereby the effect of the selected blade bar angle on the material to be refined as stated above is even more effective. When a refining surface of a refining element comprises both first blade bars 23 and second blade bars 25 in the top surface of the first blade bars 23 as disclosed in Figure 2, the absolute value of the blade bar angle a2 of the second blade bars 25 is preferably selected to be higher than the absolute value of the blade bar angle al of the first blade bars 23. As expressed in negative values, the blade bar angle a2 is preferably between -5 and -40 degrees higher than the blade bar angle al, meaning that if the value of the blade bar angle al is -5 degrees, the value of the blade bar angle a2 is between -10 and -45 degrees.
[0043] The blade bar angles al, a2 maybe constant, as in the embodiment of Figure 2, or they may change, as in the embodiment of Figure 4, in the longitudinal direction of the blade bars 23, 25, i.e. in a direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the second end 22 of the blade segment 20.
[0044] The choice of the blade bar angle of the blade bars in the refining surface 5 of the stationary refining element 3 may also be used for affecting the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap 12 of the refiner 1. One possible embodiment of the blade element intended to provide at least a part of the refining surface 5 of the stationary refining element 3 can be schematically considered to be shown as a copy image of the blade segment 20 of Figure 2.
[0045] When the refining surfaces of both the rotatable refining ele- ment and the stationary refining element are inspected side by side and seen in a direction of the refining surfaces, the negative blade bar angle is directed correspondingly in both refining surfaces, i.e. in the corresponding direction in respect of the projection PS. When the blade elements of the rotatable and stationary refining elements are installed in the refiner, the blade element of the stationary refining element is turned upside down against the refining surface of the rotatable refining element. In such a case, the blade element of the rotatable refining element having a negative blade bar angle is installed in the refiner the right way up, i.e. in the position as shown in Figures 2 to 5, and the blade element of the stationary refining element, when the blade elements shown in Figures 2 to 5 are assumed to represent blade elements of stationary refining elements, is turned upside down about the projection PS, whereby both the blade element of the rotatable refining element and the blade element of the stationary refining element provide the effect of restricting, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap towards the ends of the refining elements having the larger diameter.
[0046] The blade bar angle of the blade bars in the refining surface 5 of the stationary refining element 3 is selected to be between -45 and +20 degrees, preferably between -45 and 0 degrees. On the refining surface of the stationary refining element, a negative blade bar angle refers to an arrangement wherein an edge of a blade bar directed in a direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6, i.e. a rear edge of the blade bar which meets the front edge of the blade bar in the rotatable refining element 6 when the rotatable refining element 6 is rotated, is arranged on the side of the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter to be located farther towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6 than the rear edge of the same blade bar on the side of the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter. Correspondingly, in the refining surface of the stationary refining element, a positive blade bar angle refers to an arrangement wherein a rear edge of the blade bar is arranged on the side of the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter to be located farther towards the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element 6 than the rear edge of the same blade bar on the side of the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter. The blade bar angle is determined, again, as an angle between the projection PS of the shaft 11 of the refiner 1 and the front edge of the blade bar. The selection of appropriate values for the blade bar angles in the stationary refining element 3 and the rotatable refining element 6 is made for example on the basis of consistency of the material to be refined, a source material of the material to be refined as well as operating parameters of the refiner, such as a rotational speed of the rotatable refining element 6.
[0047] Because the rotatable refining element focuses different kind of forces, such as a centrifugal force and other forces originating from the rotation of the refining element, on the material to be refined, the values of the blade bar angles in the rotatable refining element 6 have a stronger effect on the flow of material to be refined and the material already refined on the refining surfaces than the values of the blade bar angles in the stationary refining element 3. This is the reason why especially the values of the blade bar angles in the rotatable refining element 6 are selected in such a way that they, at least to some extent, restrict the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element is rotated. Preferably, the blade bar angles in the rotatable refining element 6 are selected in such a way that they even cause the flow of material to be refined to move towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter when the rotatable refining element is rotated, whereby the material to be refined is effectively prevented from becoming compacted at the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter and the distribution of the material to be refined in the blade gap 12 to be more even than previously. In the refining surface of the stationary refining element, the blade bar angles of the blade bars may even be selected to be positive within the limits as defined above and it is still possible to obtain the effects of the presented solution as a combined effect of the rotatable refining element and a stationary refining element.
[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a second blade segment 20 as seen in a direction of the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20. The blade segment 20 of Figure 3 mainly resembles the blade segment 20 of Figure 2 but the blade segment 20 of Figure 3 comprises only first blade bars 23 and first blade grooves 24 therebetween, i.e. blade bars 23 and blade grooves 24, but no second blade bars 25 nor second blade grooves 26. The blade bars 23 are straight and the blade bar angle of the blade bars 23 is constant over the whole length of the blade bars 23 in their longitudinal direction. The blade bars 23 are arranged at a negative angle in respect of the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element, whereby the blade bars 23 restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap 12 towards the ends 19 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element 6 is rotated and the blade element is attached to the rotatable refining element 6. Openings 14 arranged through the blade segment 20 have the shape of a longitudinal oval and they are arranged in the bottom of the blade grooves 24 in a way similar to that used in connection with the blade segment 20 of Figure 2.
[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a third blade segment 20 as seen in the direction of the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20. The blade segment 20 of Figure 4 mainly resembles the blade segment 20 of Figure 2 but the blade segment 20 of Figure 4 comprises only first blade bars 23 and first blade grooves 24 therebetween, i.e. blade bars 23 and blade grooves 24, but no second blade bars 25 nor second blade grooves 26. The blade bars 23 extend in a direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the direction of the second end 22 of the blade segment 20 in a curved manner, or in other words, the blade bars 23 are curved in such a way that the absolute value of the blade bar angle of the blade bars 23 is arranged to increase in the longitudinal direction of the blade bars 23 in the direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the direction of the second end 22 of the blade segment 20. In the vicinity of the first end 21 of the blade segment 20, the absolute value of the blade bar angle al is close to 0 degree, eventually increasing towards the second end 22 of the blade segment 20. The actual value of the blade bar angle al is, however, negative in respect of the rotation direction R of the rotatable refining element, whereby the blade bars 23 restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap 12 towards the ends 19 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element 6 is rotated and the blade element is attached to the rotatable refining element 6. In the refiner 1, this means that on the side of the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter the absolute value of the blade bar angle is close to 0 degree, eventually increasing towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter, the actual value of the blade bar angle being negative as disclosed above, which means that the effect of the blade bars 23 restricting the flow of material to be refined towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter or the effect of the blade bars 23 pumping the flow of material to be refined towards the first end 18 of the refiner 1 having the smaller diameter increases when moving towards the second end 19 of the refiner 1 having the larger diameter.
[0050] In the embodiment of Figure 4, the openings 14 have the shape of a circle and they are arranged partly within the area of the bottom of the blade grooves 24 and partly within the area of the blade bars 23. The openings 14 having the shape of a longitudinal oval could be arranged in the same way in the refining surfaces of the stationary 3 and rotatable 6 refining elements, whereby the openings 14 would be arranged in the refining surfaces at least partly transversely to the longitudinal direction of the blade bars 23.
[0051] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a fourth blade segment 20 as seen in the direction of the refining surface 27 of the blade segment 20. The blade segment 20 of Figure 5 mainly resembles the blade segment 20 of Figure 2 but the blade segment 20 of Figure 5 comprises only first blade bars 23 and first blade grooves 24 therebetween, i.e. blade bars 23 and blade grooves 24, but no second blade bars 25 nor second blade grooves 26. The blade bars 23 extend in the direction from the first end 21 of the blade segment 20 towards the second end 22 of the blade segment 20 in a straight manner and they are again arranged to restrict, at least to some extent, the flow of material to be refined in the blade gap 12 towards the ends 19 of the refining elements 3, 6 having the larger diameter when the rotatable refining element 6 is rotated and the blade element is attached to the rotatable refining element 6. The top surface of the blade bars 23 is provided with refining particles 30, i.e. refining grits 30, in order to increase the cutting length of the refining surface 27, i.e. to increase the cutting effect of the refining surface, as a result of which fibres caught between blade bars of oppositely positioned refining surfaces may be cut into fibres of a shorter fibre length. At the same time, the refining grits 30 improve the fibre treatment caused to the material to be refined by the refining surface 27, such as external fibrillation of the fibres, i.e. partial detachment of outer fibre layers and fibre defraying. This increases the ability of the fibres to form bonds with other fibres during the formation of a paper or board web, for example. The refining grits may consist of metal or ceramic particles, for example. The refining grit 30 may also be utilized in the other blade segments 20 disclosed above.
[0052] The blade grooves 24 of the blade segment 20 of Figure 5 are implemented as openings 14, meaning that substantially the whole area of the bottom of the blade grooves 24 is open through the blade segment 20, excluding only small portions at the ends 21, 22 and the side edges 28, 29 of the blade segment 20. In other words, each opening 14 is arranged to substantially cover the whole area of the bottom of the respective blade groove or the openings 14 are arranged to extend substantially over the whole area of the bottom of the blade groove 24. Further, it may be said that each opening 14 provides the respective blade groove 24. Consequently, the transfer of the material to be refined through the blade segment 20 is very effective, whereby a lot of material to be refined may be supplied into the blade gap 12 through the openings 14. At the same time, the refining grits 30 enable the material supplied into the blade gap 12 also to be refined effectively. These features together make the capacity of the refiner very high. Openings 14 as implemented in the embodiment of Figure 5 may also be utilized in the other blade segments 20 disclosed above.
[0053] It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

1. Kartiojauhin (1] kuitumateriaalin jauhamiseksi, jauhimen (1] käsittäessä kartiomaisen kiinteän jauhinelementin [3] ja vastakkaisen kartiomaisen pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6], joissa on halkaisijaltaan pienempi ensimmäinen pää (18) ja halkaisijaltaan suurempi toinen pää (19), kiinteän ja pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (3, 6) kummankin käsittäessä ainakin yhden teräele-mentin (4, 8), joka on varustettu ensimmäisillä teräharjoilla (23) ja niiden välisillä ensimmäisillä teräurilla (24), ainakin yhden ensimmäisen teräharjan (23) yläpinnan ollessa varustettu toisilla teräharjoilla (25) ja toisilla teräurilla (26), ja että ainakin yksi teräelementti (8) pyöritettävässä jauhinelementissä (6) käsittää aukkoja (14) jauhettavan materiaalin syöttämiseksi kiinteän (3) ja pyöritettävän (6) jauhinelementin väliseen teräväkin (12), tunnettu siitä,että ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharjat (25) pyöritettävässä jauhinelementissä (6) on järjestetty negatiiviseen kulmaan suhteessa pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6) pyörimissuuntaan (R), jolloin ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharhat (25) pyöritettävässä jauhinelementissä (6) rajoittavat ainakin jossain määrin jauhettavan materiaalin virtausta kohti jauhinelementtien (3, 6) halkaisijaltaan suurempia päitä (19) kun pyöritettävää jauhinelementtiä (6) pyöritetään, ja että toisen teräharjan (25) teräharjakulman (a2) itseisarvo on suurempi kuin ensimmäisen teräharjan (23) teräharjakulman (ai) itseisarvo.A conical refiner (1) for milling fibrous material, the refiner (1) comprising a conical solid refiner element [3] and an opposite conical rotatable refiner element (6) having a smaller diameter first end (18) and a larger diameter end (19), fixed and rotatable. each of the refining element (3, 6) comprising at least one blade element (4, 8) provided with first blade brushes (23) and first blade grooves (24) therebetween, the upper surface of at least one first blade brush (23) being provided with second blade brushes (25); ) and second blade grooves (26), and that at least one blade element (8) in the rotatable refiner element (6) comprises openings (14) for feeding the material to be ground between the solid (3) and rotatable (6) refiner element (12) blade brushes (23) and another blade brushes (25) in a rotatable refiner element are arranged at a negative angle with respect to the direction of rotation (R) of the rotatable refiner element (6), wherein the first blade brushes (23) and the second blade arms (25) in the rotatable refiner element (6) larger diameter ends (19) as the rotatable refiner element (6) is rotated, and that the absolute value of the blade brush angle (a2) of the second blade brush (25) is greater than the absolute value of the blade brush angle (ai) of the first blade brush (23). 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen jauhin, tunnettu siitä, että teräharjat kiinteässä jauhinelementissä (3) on järjestetty negatiiviseen kulmaan suhteessa pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6) pyörimissuuntaan (R), jolloin terä-harjat kiinteässä jauhinelementissä (3) rajoittavat ainakin jossain määrin jauhettavan materiaalin virtausta kohti jauhinelementtien (3, 6) halkaisijaltaan suurempia päitä (19).A refiner according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade brushes in the stationary refiner element (3) are arranged at a negative angle with respect to the rotation direction (R) of the rotatable refiner element (6), wherein the blade brushes in the stationary refiner element (3) (3, 6) with larger diameter ends (19). 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen jauhin, tunnettu siitä, että ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharjat (25) kiinteässä jauhinelementissä (3) on järjestetty negatiiviseen kulmaan suhteessa pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6) pyörimissuuntaan (R), jolloin ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharjat (25) kiinteässä jauhinelementissä (3) rajoittavat ainakin jossain määrin jauhettavan materiaalin virtausta kohti jauhinelementtien (3, 6) halkaisijaltaan suurempia päitä (19).A refiner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first blade brushes (23) and the second blade brushes (25) in the stationary refiner element (3) are arranged at a negative angle with respect to the direction of rotation (R) of the rotatable refiner element (6). and the second blade brushes (25) in the solid refiner element (3) restrict at least to some extent the flow of the material to be refined towards the larger diameter ends (19) of the refiner elements (3, 6). 4. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen jauhin, tunnet-t u siitä, että ainakin yksi teräelementti (4) kiinteässä jauhinelementissä [3] käsittää aukkoja (15) jauhetun materiaalin poistamiseksi kiinteän (3) ja pyöritettävän (6) jauhinelementin välisestä terävälistä (12).A refiner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one blade element (4) in the solid refiner element [3] comprises openings (15) for removing the ground material from the blade gap (12) between the solid (3) and rotatable (6). 5. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen jauhin, tunnet-t u siitä, että aukot (14,15) teräelementissä (4, 8) ovat pitkänomaisia aukkoja ja järjestetty ainakin osittain teräurien (24, 26) pohjan alueelle.A refiner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings (14,15) in the blade element (4, 8) are elongated openings and are arranged at least partially in the bottom region of the blade grooves (24, 26). 6. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen jauhin, tunnet-t u siitä, että ainakin yksi aukko (14, 15) on järjestetty ulottumaan olennaisesti teräuran (24, 26) pohjan koko alueen ylitse.A refiner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one opening (14, 15) is arranged to extend substantially over the entire area of the bottom of the blade groove (24, 26). 7. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen 1 - 4 mukainen jauhin, tunnettu siitä, että aukot (14, 15) on järjestetty ainakin osittain teräharjojen (23, 25) alueelle ja että aukot (14, 15) on järjestetty ainakin osittain poikittain terä-harjojen (23, 25) pituussuunnan suhteen.A refiner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the openings (14, 15) are arranged at least partially in the region of the blade brushes (23, 25) and that the openings (14, 15) are arranged at least partially transversely to the blade brushes (23) , 25) in the longitudinal direction. 8. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen jauhin, tunnet-t u siitä, että jauhingrittejä (30) on järjestetty ainakin yhden teräharjan yläpintaan.A refiner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the refiner rollers (30) are arranged on the upper surface of at least one blade brush. 9. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen jauhin, tunnettu siitä, että teräharjoilla (23, 25) on kaareva muoto teräharjojen (23, 25) pituussuunnassa.A refiner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade brushes (23, 25) have a curved shape in the longitudinal direction of the blade brushes (23, 25). 10. Teräelementti (8, 20) kartiomaiseen pyöritettävään jauhinele-menttiin (6), teräelementin (8,20) ollessa tarkoitettu saamaan aikaan ainakin osa kartiomaisen pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6) jauhinpinnasta (9), jossa terä-elementissä (8, 20) on halkaisijaltaan pienempää jauhinelementin (6) päätä (18) kohti suunnattava ensimmäinen pää (18, 21) ja halkaisijaltaan suurempaa jauhinelementin (6) päätä (19) kohti suunnattava toinen pää (19, 22), teräelementin (8, 20) käsittäessä jauhinpinnan (9, 27), joka on varustettu ensimmäisillä teräharjoilla (23) ja niiden välisillä ensimmäisillä teräurilla (24), ainakin yhden ensimmäisen teräharjan (23) yläpinnan ollessa varustettu toisilla teräharjoilla (25) ja toisilla teräurilla (26), ja joka teräelementti (8, 20) käsittää teräelementin (8, 20) läpi järjestettyjä aukkoja (14), tunnettu siitä, että ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharjat (25) on järjestetty olemaan negatiivisessa kulmassa suhteessa pyöritettävän jauhinelementin (6) pyörimissuuntaan (R), kun teräelementti (8, 20) on kiinnitetty pyöritettävään jauhinelementtiin (6), jolloin ensimmäiset teräharjat (23) ja toiset teräharhat (25) rajoittavat ainakin jossain määrin jauhettavan materiaalin virtausta kohti halkaisijaltaan suurempaa jauhinelementin (6) päätä (19) kun pyöritettävää jau-hinelementtiä (6) pyöritetään, ja että toisen teräharjan (25) teräharjakulman (a2) itseisarvo on suurempi kuin ensimmäisen teräharjan (23) teräharjakulman (ai) itseisarvo.A blade element (8, 20) on a conical rotatable refiner element (6), the blade element (8,20) being provided to provide at least a portion of the refiner surface (9) of the conical rotatable refiner element (6), wherein the blade element (8, 20) a first end (18, 21) directed towards a smaller diameter end (18) of the refiner element (6) and a second end (19, 22) facing a larger diameter end (19, 22) of the refiner element (6), the blade element (8, 20) comprising , 27) provided with first blade brushes (23) and first blade grooves (24) therebetween, the upper surface of at least one first blade brush (23) being provided with second blade brushes (25) and second blade grooves (26), and each blade element (8, 20). ) comprises openings (14) arranged through the blade element (8, 20), characterized in that the first blade brushes (23) and the second blade brushes (25) are arranged to be mass relative to the direction of rotation (R) of the rotatable refiner element (6) when the blade element (8, 20) is attached to the rotatable refiner element (6), wherein the first blade brushes (23) and second blade arms (25) (6) the head (19) as the rotatable grinding element (6) is rotated, and that the absolute value of the blade angle (a2) of the second blade brush (25) is greater than the absolute value of the blade angle (a1) of the first blade brush (23). 11. Patenttivaatimuksen 10 mukainen teräelementti, tunnettu siitä, että aukot (14) ovat pitkänomaisia aukkoja ja järjestetty ainakin osittain terä-urien (24, 26) pohjan alueelle.Blade element according to Claim 10, characterized in that the openings (14) are elongated openings and are arranged at least partially in the bottom region of the blade grooves (24, 26). 12. Patenttivaatimuksen 10 tai 11 mukainen teräelementti, tunnettu siitä, että ainakin yksi aukko (14) on järjestetty ulottumaan olennaisesti teräuran (24, 26) pohjan koko alueen ylitse.Blade element according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the at least one opening (14) is arranged to extend substantially over the entire area of the bottom of the blade groove (24, 26). 13. Patenttivaatimuksen 10 mukainen teräelementti, tunnettu siitä, että aukot (14) on järjestetty ainakin osittain teräharjojen (23, 25) alueelle ja että aukot (14) on järjestetty ainakin osittain poikittain teräharjojen (23, 25) pituussuunnan suhteen.Blade element according to claim 10, characterized in that the openings (14) are arranged at least partially in the region of the blade brushes (23, 25) and that the openings (14) are arranged at least partially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the blade brushes (23, 25). 14. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 10 - 13 mukainen teräelementti, tunnettu siitä, että jauhingrittejä (30) on järjestetty ainakin yhden teräharjan (23, 25) yläpintaan.Blade element according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the grinding rollers (30) are arranged on the upper surface of at least one blade brush (23, 25). 15. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 10 - 14 mukainen teräelementti, tunnettu siitä, että teräharjoilla (23, 25) on kaareva muoto teräharjojen (23, 25) pituussuunnassa.Blade element according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the blade brushes (23, 25) have a curved shape in the longitudinal direction of the blade brushes (23, 25).
FI20145559A 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 Grinder and blade element for refiner FI126708B (en)

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DE102015109025.2A DE102015109025A1 (en) 2014-06-13 2015-06-08 Refiner and blade element for a refiner
CN201510310677.XA CN105178086B (en) 2014-06-13 2015-06-09 Fiberizer and the blade element for fiberizer

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FI73256C (en) * 1984-10-19 1987-09-10 Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Oy Target segments.
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FI124677B (en) * 2008-06-19 2014-11-28 Valmet Technologies Inc Grinder, refiner surface, steel segment and method for milling fibrous material
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US9708765B2 (en) * 2011-07-13 2017-07-18 Andritz Inc. Rotor refiner plate element for counter-rotating refiner having curved bars and serrated leading edges
US9670615B2 (en) * 2011-08-19 2017-06-06 Andritz Inc. Conical rotor refiner plate element for counter-rotating refiner having curved bars and serrated leading sidewalls

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