FI104055B - Extrusion process, extruder and plastic product - Google Patents

Extrusion process, extruder and plastic product Download PDF

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Publication number
FI104055B
FI104055B FI964988A FI964988A FI104055B FI 104055 B FI104055 B FI 104055B FI 964988 A FI964988 A FI 964988A FI 964988 A FI964988 A FI 964988A FI 104055 B FI104055 B FI 104055B
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
rotor
extruder
pressed
stator
alternately
Prior art date
Application number
FI964988A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI104055B1 (en
FI964988A (en
FI964988A0 (en
Inventor
Kari Johannes Kirjavainen
Jyri Jaervenkylae
Original Assignee
Nextrom Holding Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI961822A external-priority patent/FI106005B/en
Priority claimed from PCT/FI1996/000261 external-priority patent/WO1997001428A1/en
Application filed by Nextrom Holding Sa filed Critical Nextrom Holding Sa
Priority to FI964988A priority Critical patent/FI104055B1/en
Publication of FI964988A0 publication Critical patent/FI964988A0/en
Priority to FI965182A priority patent/FI965182A/en
Priority to IL14850697A priority patent/IL148506A0/en
Priority to CA002250399A priority patent/CA2250399C/en
Priority to JP53586697A priority patent/JP2001501549A/en
Priority to EA199800789A priority patent/EA000540B1/en
Priority to GE3262A priority patent/GEP20012382B/en
Priority to US09/142,113 priority patent/US6309574B1/en
Priority to CN97193580A priority patent/CN1087685C/en
Priority to IL12643697A priority patent/IL126436A/en
Priority to AT97914334T priority patent/ATE227634T1/en
Priority to SK1370-98A priority patent/SK284796B6/en
Priority to UA98105221A priority patent/UA46100C2/en
Priority to PCT/FI1997/000180 priority patent/WO1997037830A2/en
Priority to TR1998/01717T priority patent/TR199801717T2/en
Priority to EP97914334A priority patent/EP0912316B1/en
Priority to RO98-01448A priority patent/RO120128B1/en
Priority to AU21614/97A priority patent/AU721500B2/en
Priority to EE9800342A priority patent/EE04393B1/en
Priority to CZ0316398A priority patent/CZ298147B6/en
Priority to BR9708594A priority patent/BR9708594A/en
Priority to DE69717107T priority patent/DE69717107T2/en
Priority to MYPI97001437A priority patent/MY118677A/en
Priority to ARP970101339A priority patent/AR006499A1/en
Priority to CO97016910A priority patent/CO4700324A1/en
Priority to IDP971137A priority patent/ID16544A/en
Priority to US09/155,024 priority patent/US6203740B1/en
Priority to AU23901/97A priority patent/AU2390197A/en
Priority to JP09538616A priority patent/JP2000510775A/en
Priority to CA002250697A priority patent/CA2250697A1/en
Priority to EP97919422A priority patent/EP0909233A2/en
Priority to PCT/FI1997/000250 priority patent/WO1997040658A2/en
Priority to SA97180006A priority patent/SA97180006B1/en
Publication of FI964988A publication Critical patent/FI964988A/en
Priority to IS4846A priority patent/IS4846A/en
Priority to PL328994A priority patent/PL182591B1/en
Priority to NO984596A priority patent/NO984596L/en
Publication of FI104055B publication Critical patent/FI104055B/en
Publication of FI104055B1 publication Critical patent/FI104055B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US09/599,748 priority patent/US6306326B1/en
Priority to CN00128793A priority patent/CN1289672A/en
Priority to US09/942,109 priority patent/US6689472B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/22—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/13—Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/33—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles with parts rotatable relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B29C48/3366—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/465—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/465—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers
    • B29C48/467—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers using single rollers, e.g. provided with protrusions, closely surrounded by a housing with movement of the material in the axial direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/465—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers
    • B29C48/467—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers using single rollers, e.g. provided with protrusions, closely surrounded by a housing with movement of the material in the axial direction
    • B29C48/468—Cavity transfer mixing devices, i.e. a roller and surrounding barrel both provided with cavities; Barrels and rollers therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
    • B29C48/70—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows
    • B29C48/705—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows in the die zone, e.g. to create flow homogeneity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B29C48/903—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/24—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes radial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
    • B29C63/34—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/14—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics
    • F16L11/15—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/121—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
    • F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/21—Rigid pipes made of sound-absorbing materials or with sound-absorbing structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products

Description

, 104055, 104055

Suulakepuristusmenetelmä, suulakepuristin ja muovituoteExtrusion method, extruder and plastic product

Keksinnön kohteena on suulakepuristusmenetelmä, jossa menetelmässä materiaalia puristetaan suulakepuristi-5 mella, jossa suulakepuristimessa on ainakin kaksi sisäkkäistä, rengasmaista, kartion muotoista syöttörakoa, jotka on muodostettu pyöritettävän roottorin ja staattorin väliin, jossa menetelmässä puristettavaa materiaalia puristetaan roottorin ja staattorin välissä roottorissa ja/tai 10 staattorissa olevien pääosin ruuviviivan muotoisten urien ja näiden välissä olevien kannasten avulla ulos suulakepuristimesta .The present invention relates to an extrusion method, wherein the material is extruded by an extruder having at least two nested, annular, conical feed slits formed between a rotatable rotor and a stator, in which the material to be extruded by means of predominantly screw-shaped grooves in the stator and outwardly from the extruder by means of the brackets between them.

Edelleen keksinnön kohteena on suulakepuristin, jossa on ainakin kaksi sisäkkäistä, rengasmaista, kartion 15 muotoista syöttörakoa, jotka on muodostettu pyöritettävän roottorin ja staattorin väliin ja jossa roottorissa ja/tai staattorissa on ainakin pääosin ruuviviivan muotoiset urat ja niiden välissä kannakset puristettavan materiaalin puristamiseksi suulakepuristimesta.A further object of the invention is an extruder having at least two nested annular cone-shaped feed slots formed between a rotatable rotor and a stator, the rotor and / or stator having at least substantially screw-shaped grooves and between them for extruding material to be extruded.

20 Vielä keksinnön kohteena on muovituote, joka sisäl tää orientoitua materiaalia, kuten nestekidepolymeeriä (LCP), jolloin ainakin osa orientoidusta materiaalista on orientoitu ekstruusion aikana ekstruuderissa, jossa on ainakin yksi roottori.It is a further object of the invention to provide a plastic product comprising an oriented material such as a liquid crystal polymer (LCP), wherein at least a portion of the oriented material is oriented during extrusion in an extruder having at least one rotor.

- 25 US-julkaisussa 3 314 108 on esitetty suulakepuris tin, jossa on kaksi kartion muotoista staattoria ja niiden väliin pyörivästi sovitettu edelleen kartion muotoinen roottori. Puristettava muovimateriaali syötetään kahta eri kanavaa pitkin roottorin eri puolille. Roottori on varus-30 tettu ruuvin muotoisilla urilla, joiden avulla materiaali « < ' siirretään puristimen kapeammassa päässä olevaa suuaukkoa kohti. Roottorin eri puolilla olevat materiaalivirrat aiheuttavat voimavaikutuksen roottoriin, jolloin roottorin laakeroinnin tulee olla erittäin tukeva. Edelleen rootto-35 rin ja staattorien väliset välykset tulisi sovittaa erit- 2 104055 täin tarkasti, jotta saataisiin estettyä puristettavan materiaalin vuotovirtaus takaisin materiaalin syöttöpäätä kohti. Pieni välys on tietenkin rakenneteknisesti hankala saada aikaan ja helposti aiheutuu ylimääräistä kitkaa 5 roottorin ja staattorien välille. Toisaalta suuremman välyksen tekeminen lisäisi vuotovirtausta ja näin pienentäisi suulakepuristimen tuottoa.- U.S. Patent 3,314,108 discloses an extruder having two cone-shaped stator and a further cone-shaped rotor rotatably disposed therebetween. The plastic material to be extruded is fed through two different channels to different sides of the rotor. The rotor is provided with screw-shaped grooves for moving material «<'towards the narrow opening at the narrow end of the press. Material flows across the rotor cause a force effect on the rotor, which means that the rotor bearing must be extremely sturdy. Further, the clearances between the rotor 35 and the stator should be adjusted very precisely to prevent the leakage flow of the material being compressed back towards the feed end of the material. Of course, small clearance is difficult to achieve from a structural point of view and easily causes additional friction between the rotor and the stator. On the other hand, making greater play would increase the leakage flow and thus reduce the extruder yield.

EP-julkaisussa 89 906 779.7 on esitetty suulakepuristin, jossa on useita kartion muotoisia staattoreita, 10 joiden väliin on edelleen sovitettu pyörivästi kartion muotoisia roottoreita. Puristettava materiaali syötetään yhtä kanavaa pitkin kullekin roottorille sen alkupäähän, jolloin roottorissa on syöttökohdassa reikiä, joiden kautta materiaali pääsee roottorin toisellekin puolelle. Root-15 torin kummallakin puolella olevien urien avulla materiaalia siirretään puristimen loppupäätä kohti. Myös tässä laitteessa kohdistuu roottorien eri puolille paineen vaikutuksesta suuria voimia, jolloin laakeroinnin tukevuudelle asetetaan suuret vaikutukset. Edelleen ongelmana on 20 vuotovirtaus urien välisten kannasten yli takaisin materiaalin syöttökohtaa kohti sekä roottorien ja staattorien välisten välysten tarkka tekeminen.EP-A-89 906 779.7 discloses an extruder having a plurality of conical stators 10, between which are further rotatably fitted rotor-shaped rotors. The material to be squeezed is fed through one passage to each rotor at its beginning end, whereby the rotor has holes at the feed point through which the material passes to the other side of the rotor. The grooves on each side of the Root-15 market place the material towards the end of the press. Also in this device, large forces are exerted on different parts of the rotors due to the pressure, whereby the bearing stability is greatly affected. A further problem is the flow of leakage 20 over the grooves between the grooves back towards the material feed point and the exact clearance between rotors and stators.

Tämän keksinnön tarkoituksena on saada aikaan suu-lakepuristusmenetelmä ja suulakepuristin, joissa edellä - - - 25 mainittuja epäkohtia pystytään välttämään. Edelleen kek sinnön tarkoituksena on saada aikaan ominaisuuksiltaan erittäin hyvä suulakepuristettu tuote.It is an object of the present invention to provide a mouth-extrusion process and an extruder which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above. It is a further object of the invention to provide an extruded product having very good properties.

Keksinnön mukaiselle suulakepuristusmenetelmälle on tunnusomaista se, että ainakin osa puristettavasta mate-30 riaalista saatetaan suulakepuristimessa eri syöttöraoissa * vuorotellen korkeamman ja matalamman paineen vaikutuksen alaiseksi, jolloin materiaalin virtausnopeus vuorotellen kasvaa ja pienenee ja että ainakin osa puristettavasta materiaalista johdetaan urasta toiseen.The extrusion process according to the invention is characterized in that at least a portion of the material to be extruded is subjected to alternately higher and lower pressure in the extruder at different feed slots, whereby the flow rate of the material is alternately increased and decreased and at least a portion of

_ 35 Edelleen keksinnön mukaiselle suulakepuristimelleFurther for the extruder according to the invention

BB

104055 on tunnusomaista se, että suulakepuristin on sovitettu saattamaan ainakin osa puristettavasta materiaalista vuorotellen korkeamman ja matalamman paineen vaikutuksenalai-seksi ja johtamaan ainakin osa puristettavasta materiaa-5 lista urasta toiseen.104055 is characterized in that the extruder is arranged to apply at least a portion of the material to be alternately subjected to higher and lower pressures and to conduct at least a portion of the material to be extruded from one groove to another.

Vielä keksinnön mukaiselle muovituotteelle on tunnusomaista se, että orientointi on aikaansaatu saattamalla ekstruuderin syöttöraossa virtaava orientoituva materiaali vuorotellen korkeamman ja matalamman paineen vaikutuksen 10 alaiseksi pyörittämällä ekstruuderin roottoria siten, että materiaalin virtausnopeus vuorotellen kasvaa ja pienenee.Still another characteristic of the plastic product according to the invention is that the orientation is achieved by alternating subjecting the orientable material flowing in the feed gap of the extruder to a higher and a lower pressure by rotating the extruder rotor so that the material flow rate increases and decreases alternately.

Keksinnön olennainen ajatus on, että suulakepuristimessa on ainakin kaksi sisäkkäistä, rengasmaista, kartion muotoista syöttörakoa ja että ainakin osa puristetta-15 vasta materiaalista saatetaan suulakepuristimessa eri sy öt töraoissa vuorotellen korkeamman paineen ja tämän jälkeen matalamman paineen vaikutuksen alaiseksi. Erään edullisen sovellutusmuodon ajatuksena on, että ainakin osa puristettavasta materiaalista johdetaan halutun painevai-20 kutuksen aikaansaamiseksi vuorotellen matalampaan ja sen jälkeen korkeampaan tilaan. Vielä erään toisen edullisen sovellutusmuodon ajatuksena on, että puristettavaa materiaalia syöttävien urien väliset kannakset on muodostettu kalteviksi siten, että puristettavaa materiaalia pääsee - - 25 virtaamaan laitteen kehän suunnassa, mutta painevaikutuk- sen ansiosta aksiaalisuuntaista vuotovirtausta saadaan estettyä. Edelleen erään kolmannen sovellutusmuodon ajatuksena on, että materiaalia syöttävä ura on sovitettu madaltumaan ja syvenemään materiaalin virtaussuunnassa ja 30 madaltuvan kohdan loppuosan kohdalla on syöttörakojen vä- * · lisessä roottorissa tai staattorissa reikä, jonka kautta ainakin osa materiaalista pääsee purkautumaan roottorin * tai staattorin toiselle puolelle. Reiät voidaan haluttaessa muodostaa kartiomaisiksi eli suppeneviksi.The essential idea of the invention is that the extruder has at least two nested annular conical feed slits and that at least a portion of the molding material is alternately subjected to higher pressure and then lower pressure in the various feed slits. The idea of a preferred embodiment is that at least a portion of the material to be compressed is alternately led to a lower and then higher state to achieve the desired pressure effect. In yet another preferred embodiment, the idea is that the heels between the grooves feeding the material to be compressed are formed so that the material can be flushed in the circumferential direction of the device, but the pressure effect prevents the axial leakage flow. Another idea of the third embodiment is that the material feed groove is adapted to be lowered and deepened in the direction of material flow, and there is a hole in the rotor or stator between the feed slots for at least a portion of the material to discharge to the other side of the rotor. The holes can be tapered or tapered if desired.

35 Keksinnön etuna on, että aiheuttamalla roottorin 104055 tai staattorin eri puolille vaihteleva painevaikutus saadaan roottori tai staattori tasapainotettua kahden eri syöttöraon väliin siten, että painevaikutus muodostaa hydrodynaamisen laakerin, jolloin suulakepuristinta käytettä-5 essä roottorin tai staattorin muihin laakereihin kohdistuu erittäin vähän tai ei ollenkaan voimavaikutuksia, jolloin nämä muut laakerit voivat olla esimerkiksi rakenteeltaan kevyempiä, koska niiden ei tarvitse kestää suuria voimia koko käyttöaikaa. Edelleen etuna on, että puristettava 10 materiaali saadaan sekoitettua tehokkaasti. Johdettaessa materiaalia vuorotellen matalampaan ja korkeampaan tilaan saadaan puristettavaa materiaalia lämmitettyä edelleen leikkausvoimista aiheutuvalla kitkalämmöllä. Samalla lämmönsiirto ja sitä kautta lämpötilojen tasaus tehostuu ma-15 teriaalien kulkiessa matalamman tilan kautta. Edelleen joutuessaan korkeamman paineen vaikutuksen alaiseksi saadaan valmistettua tuotetta, jossa saadaan synnytettyä orientaatio virtauspoikkipinnan supistuessa. Sovittamalla roottoriin tai staattoriin reikiä, joiden läpi matalampaan 20 kohtaan johdettu materiaali pääsee virtaamaan syöttöraosta toiseen, saadaan tasoitettua roottorin tai staattorin eri puolilla mahdollisesti vallitsevaa paine-eroa, jolloin roottoreihin tai staattoreihin kohdistuvat voimavaikutukset edelleen pienenevät. Muodostamalla reiät suppeneviksi • - - 2 5 saadaan aiheutettua läpi menevälle materiaalille orientaa tio suppenevissa läpirei'issä. Muodostamalla puristettavaa materiaalia kuljettavien urien väliset kannakset viistoiksi saadaan kannakseen aiheutettua painefunktio, jonka vaikutuksen ansiosta saadaan pienennettyä laitteiston aksiaa-30 lisuuntaista vuotovirtausta. Toisaalta tällöin on myös roottorin ja staattorin välinen välys mahdollista tehdä suuremmaksi vuotovirtauksen silti kasvamatta liikaa, jolloin roottorin ja staattorin välinen kitka saadaan mahdollisimman pieneksi.An advantage of the invention is that by varying the pressure effect on the rotor or stator 104055, it is possible to balance the rotor or stator between two different feed slots so that the pressure effect forms a hydrodynamic bearing, so that the other bearings of the rotor or stator , for example, these other bearings may be lighter in construction, since they do not have to withstand high forces throughout their life. A further advantage is that the material to be compressed 10 can be effectively mixed. By alternately leading the material into a lower and higher space, the material to be compressed is further heated by frictional heat due to shear forces. At the same time, the heat transfer and thus the equalization of temperatures is enhanced as the ma-15 materials pass through the lower space. Further, under the influence of higher pressure, a product is obtained which gives rise to an orientation when the flow cross-section is reduced. By fitting holes in the rotor or stator through which the material fed to the lower 20 passes through one of the feed slots, the differential pressure that may be present on different sides of the rotor or stator is compensated, further reducing the force effects on the rotors or stator. By converging the holes • - - 2 5, orientation of the through material in the converging through holes is obtained. By forming the cavities between the grooves carrying the material to be compressed, the pressure function is applied to the cavity, which effect reduces the axial flow of the apparatus by a further 30. On the other hand, it is also possible to increase the clearance between the rotor and the stator without increasing the leakage flow, thus minimizing the friction between the rotor and the stator.

35 Keksintöä selitetään tarkemmin oheisissa piirustuk- i 5 104055 sissa, joissa , kuvio 1 esittää kaavamaisesti erään keksinnön mu kaisen suulakepuristimen roottoria sivultapäin katsottuna, kuvio 2 esittää kuvion 1 mukaisen roottorin osaa 5 poikkileikattuna, kuvio 3 esittää kaavamaisesti kuvion 1 mukaisen roottorin urien välisen kannaksen painefunktioita, kuvio 4 esittää kaavamaisesti erästä toista keksinnön mukaista suulakepuristinta sivultapäin katsottuna ja 10 poikkileikattuna, kuvio 5 esittää kuvion 4 mukaista laitetta roottorien urien suunnassa poikkileikattuna, kuvio 6 esittää kaavamaisesti erään kolmannen keksinnön mukaisen suulakepuristimen roottorin osaa sivulta-15 päin katsottuna, kuvio 7 esittää kuvion 6 mukaisen roottorin osaa poikkileikattuna, kuvio 8 esittää kaavamaisesti erään neljännen keksinnön mukaisen laitteen roottoria sivultapäin katsottuna 20 ja kuvio 9 esittää kaavamaisesti kuvion 8 mukaisen roottorin yksityiskohtaa aksiaalisuunnassa katsottuna ja poikkileikattuna.The invention will be explained in more detail in the accompanying drawing 5104055, in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a side view of an extruder rotor, Fig. 2 shows a cross section 5 of the rotor of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the grooves of the rotor of Fig. Figure 4 is a schematic side elevational view of another extruder according to the invention and 10 is a cross-sectional view; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor grooves; Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the rotor of Figure 3; 8 is a schematic side elevational view of a rotor of a fourth device according to the invention, and FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a detail of the rotor of FIG. viewed in forward direction and in cross section.

Kuviossa 1 on kaavamaisesti esitetty roottori 1 • 25 sivultapäin kuvattuna. Roottorissa 1 on ruuviviivan muo toisia uria 2, joiden vaikutuksesta puristettava materiaali siirtyy kuviossa katsottuna ylöspäin roottorin pyöriessä siten, että sillä on kehänopeus v. Puristettava materiaali syötetään roottorin 1 leveämpään päähän sinänsä täy-30 sin tunnetulla tavalla. Selvyyden vuoksi ei materiaalin syöttövälineitä ja roottorin 1 pyöritysvälineitä ole oheisessa kuviossa esitetty. Ruuviviivan muotoisten urien 2 välissä on kannakset 3. Suulakepuristimen tuottoa kuvataan nuolella Q ja puristettavan materiaalin vuotovirtausta 35 urista 2 kannasten 3 yli aksiaalisuuntaan eli kuviossa 1 •.Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the rotor 1 • 25. The rotor 1 has second grooves 2 in the form of a helix which cause the material to be compressed to move upwardly as the rotor rotates such that it has a peripheral speed v. The compressed material is fed to the wider end of the rotor 1 in a manner known per se. For the sake of clarity, the material supply means and the rotation means for rotor 1 are not shown in the attached figure. Between the screw-shaped grooves 2 are the studs 3. The output of the extruder is illustrated by the arrow Q and the leakage flow of the material to be extruded from the grooves 2 over the studs 3 in the axial direction, i.e. in Fig.

« 104055 alaspäin on merkitty nuolella Q2.«104055 down is marked by arrow Q2.

Kuviossa 2 on esitetty kuvion l mukainen roottorin osa aksiaalisuunnassa alhaaltapäin katsottuna ja poikki-leikattuna. Kuvion 2 numerointi vastaa kuvion 1 numeroin-5 tia. Selvyyden vuoksi on roottori 1 ja sen ulkopuolella sijaitseva ulompi staattori 4 esitetty kuviossa 2 niiden väliseltä pinnalta suoraviivaisina, vaikka ne luonnollisesti ovatkin katsontasuunnassa ympyrän muotoisia. Kannas 3 on muotoiltu siten, että se on viisto sillä tavalla, 10 että roottorin 1 ja staattorin 4 välinen kannaksen 3 roottorin l pyörimissuunnassa etureunan välys h3 on suurempi kuin kannaksen 3 takareunan välys h2. Kannaksen 3 leveyttä kehänopeuden v suunnassa on kuvattu merkinnällä s.Fig. 2 is a bottom view and a cross-sectional view of the rotor part of Fig. 1 in axial direction. The numbering of FIG. 2 corresponds to the digits of FIG. 1. For the sake of clarity, the rotor 1 and the outer stator 4 located outside it are shown in figure 2 in a straight line from the surface therebetween, although they are naturally circular in the viewing direction. The base 3 is shaped such that it is inclined 10 such that the clearance h3 of the leading edge h3 between the rotor 1 and the stator 4 in the rotational direction of the rotor l is greater than the clearance h2 of the rear edge of the base 3. The width of the base 3 in the direction of the peripheral velocity v is denoted by s.

Kuviossa 3 on esitetty roottorin 1 urien 2 välisen 15 kannaksen 3 painefunktioita. Kuvion 3 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 1 ja 2 numerointia. Painefunktiot P3 - P4 esittävät kannaksen 3 eri kohtien painefunktioita siten, että painefunktio Pa kuvaa painefunktiota kuviossa 1 katsottuna roottorin alemmalla kohdalla kuin painefunktiot P2 - P4 ja 20 vastaavasti painefunktio P4 esittää painefunktiota ylemmältä kohdalta kuin painefunktiot Px - P3 ja painefunktiot P2 ja P3 luonnollisesti asettuvat tälle välille. Painefunktion maksimiarvo on suoraan verrannollinen puristettavan materiaalin viskositeettiin η, roottorin 1 kehänopeuteen v ja - - - 25 kannaksen 3 leveyteen s ja kääntäen verrannollinen root torin 1 ja staattorin 4 välisen välyksen hlf h2 suuruuteen. Painefunktion maksimiarvo ΡΜΧ voidaankin esittää kaavan avulla seuraavasti: 30 Pmx = η x v x s * (h3 + h2) 2.Figure 3 shows the pressure functions of the base 15 between the grooves 2 of the rotor 1. The numbering of Figure 3 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 1 and 2. The pressure functions P3 to P4 represent the pressure functions at different positions of the base 3 such that the pressure function Pa represents the pressure function at the lower position of the rotor than the pressure functions P2 to P4 and 20 respectively the pressure function P4 represents the pressure function above and between. The maximum value of the pressure function is directly proportional to the viscosity η of the material to be compressed, the circumferential velocity v of the rotor 1 and the width s of the heel 3 s and inversely proportional to the clearance h1f h2 between the rotor 1 and the stator. Therefore, the maximum value of the pressure function ΡΜΧ can be represented by the formula: 30 Pmx = η x v x s * (h3 + h2) 2.

Koska puristettava materiaali syötetään roottorin 1 le-veämpään päähän on sen viskositeetti η kuviossa l katsottuna alaosassa suurimmillaan ja pienenee materiaalin sula-35 essa ja pehmetessä sen siirtyessä roottorin 1 yläpäätä 7 104055 kohti. Samoin roottorin 1 kehänopeus v on luonnollisesti suurimmillaan roottorin leveimmässä kohdassa. Näistä syistä johtuen on siis painefunktio roottorin l leveämmässä osassa suurempi kuin sen kapeammassa osassa. Tällöin aksi-5 aalisuuntaan pyrkivä vuotovirtaus Q2 kohtaa aina sen hetkistä tilannettaan suuremman painefunktion, jolloin vuoto-virtaus Q2 pienenee. Tällöin yllättäen saavutetaan se etu, että vaikka kehän suuntainen virtaus Qx on kannaksen 3 viistouden vuoksi kohtuullisen runsasta, ei vuotovirtaus Q2 10 kuitenkaan ole kovin suuri. Tästä johtuen suulakepuristimen tuotto Q pysyy hyvänä. Roottori l muodostetaan sellaiseksi, että kuvion 3 mukainen paine aiheutetaan sekä roottorin uiko- että sen sisäpuolelle. Kyseisten kohoavan ja pienenevän paineen vaikutuksesta aiheutuu roottorin ja 15 staattoreiden väliin niin sanottu hydrodynaaminen laakerointi. Kyseinen paineen vaihtelu saa samalla aikaan materiaalin virtausnopeuden kasvamisen ja pienenemisen vuorotellen. Roottorin 1 eri puolilla vaikuttavien paineiden vaikutuksesta roottori 1 asettuu tasapainotilaan siten, 20 että roottori siirtyy aina kauemmas sen puolen staattoris-ta, minkä puolella roottoria 1 suurempi paine esiintyy ja päinvastoin. Näin roottorin 1 ja staattoreiden välinen välys saadaan säätymään itsetoimisesti. Painefunktio saa energiansa roottoria l pyörittävästä kehänopeudesta v.Since the material to be compressed is fed to the wider end of the rotor 1, its viscosity η, as seen in Fig. L, is at its highest and decreases as the material melts and softens as it moves towards the upper end 7 of the rotor 1 104055. Likewise, the peripheral velocity v of the rotor 1 is naturally at its widest at the widest point of the rotor. For these reasons, therefore, the pressure function on the wider part of the rotor 1 is higher than on its narrower part. In this case, the leakage flow Q2, which tends towards the axes-5, always faces a pressure function higher than its current situation, whereby the leakage flow Q2 is reduced. This surprisingly achieves the advantage that although the circumferential flow Qx is reasonably high due to the slanting of the base 3, the leakage flow Q2 10 is not very large, however. As a result, the yield Q of the extruder remains good. The rotor 1 is formed such that the pressure of Fig. 3 is exerted both inside and outside the rotor. These rising and falling pressures cause a so-called hydrodynamic bearing between the rotor and the stator. This pressure variation causes the material flow rate to increase and decrease alternately. The rotor 1, the various parts of the pressures affecting the effect of the rotor 1 is set to equilibrium, so that the rotor 20 always moves further away from the side staattoris-O, the side of the rotor 1 is greater than the pressure occurs, and vice versa. In this way, the clearance between the rotor 1 and the stator is automatically adjusted. The pressure function derives its energy from the peripheral speed v rotating the rotor l.

• 25 Kuviossa 4 on kaavamaisesti esitetty eräs toinen keksinnön mukainen suulakepuristin sivultapäin katsottuna ja poikkileikattuna. Kuvion 4 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 1-3 numerointia. Kartion muotoisen roottorin 1 ulkopuolella sijaitsee kartion muotoinen ulompi staattori 4 ja 30 sen sisäpuolella myöskin kartion muotoinen sisempi staat- m · tori 5. Tällöin roottorin 1 kummallakin puolella on rengasmainen, kartion muotoinen syöttörako 9, jotka sijaitsevat sisäkkäin. Kannas 3 on muotoiltu siten, että sen kuviossa 4 katsottuna ylemmän reunan ja staattorin välinen 35 välys on suurempi kuin kannaksen 3 kuviossa katsottuna β 104055 alemman reunan välinen välys. Puristettavan materiaalin kulkusuunta on kuviossa 4 katsottuna alhaalta ylöspäin. Roottorissa 1 on reikiä 6, joiden läpi ainakin osa puristettavasta materiaalista pääsee virtaamaan roottorin 1 5 toiselta puolelta toiselle puolelle syöttöraosta 9 toiseen.Figure 4 is a schematic side elevational view and another sectional view of another extruder according to the invention. The numbering of Figure 4 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 1-3. Outside of the conical rotor 1, there is also a conical outer stator 4 and 30 also inside of it a conical inner stator 5, so that on both sides of the rotor 1 there is an annular conical feed slot 9 which are nested. The base 3 is shaped such that in its Fig. 4 the clearance 35 between the upper edge and the stator is greater than the clearance between the lower edge of the base 3 as seen in the Fig. 4. The direction of travel of the material to be compressed is seen from bottom to top in Figure 4. The rotor 1 has holes 6 through which at least some of the material to be compressed can flow from one side of the rotor 15 to the other side of the feed slot 9.

Kuviossa 5 on esitetty kuvion 4 mukaisen laitteen roottori sen urien suunnassa poikkileikattuna. Kuvion 5 numerointi vastaa numeroiden 1-4 numerointia. Urat 2 on 10 sovitettu roottorin matkalla puristettavan materiaalin virtaussuunnassa muuttumaan vuorotellen matalammaksi ja syvemmäksi. Tällöin puristettava materiaali siirtyessään suuremman välyksen hx kohdalta pienemmän välyksen h2 kohdalle joutuu suuremman paineen vaikutuksenalaiseksi. Pu-15 ristettävän materiaalin suurempi paine pääsee osittain purkautumaan uran 2 syvyyden kasvaessa ja osittain puristettavan materiaalin siirtyessä reiän 6 läpi roottorin 1 toiselle puolelle. Tällöin puristettavan materiaalin korkeamman ja matalamman paineen vaikutuksesta syntyy edellä 20 esitetty hyvä laakerointivaikutus. Hydrodynaamisen laake-rointivaikutuksen vuoksi ei suulakepuristinta käytettäessä olennaisesti ole tarvetta muunlaiselle laakeroinnille. Edelleen reikien 6 ansiosta roottorin 1 eri puolilla mahdollisesti eri suuruiset paineet pääsevät tasoittumaan, 25 jolloin roottoriin ei pääse vaikuttamaan suurta tois puoleista voimaa. Kuviossa 5 on puristettavan materiaalin virtausreittejä havainnollistettu nuolilla. Reiät 6 voivat olla kartion muotoisia eli materiaalin virtaussuunnassa suppenevia. Tällöin saadaan aiheutettua reikien 6 läpi 30 menevälle materiaalille orientaatio suppenevissa läpirei'-issä 6.Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the device of Figure 4 in the direction of its grooves. The numbering of Figure 5 corresponds to the numbering of digits 1-4. The grooves 2 are adapted to alternate between lower and deeper in the flow direction of the material to be compressed by the rotor. In this case, the material to be compressed is subjected to a higher pressure as it moves from a larger clearance hx to a smaller clearance h2. The higher pressure of the Pu-15 material to be crosslinked can be partially discharged as the depth of the groove 2 increases and the material to be partially compressed moves through the hole 6 to the other side of the rotor 1. Thus, the higher and lower pressures of the material to be pressed produce the good bearing effect described above. Because of the hydrodynamic bearing effect, there is essentially no need for other types of bearing when using an extruder. Further, the holes 6 allow the pressures of different magnitudes on the different sides of the rotor 1 to equalize, so that no large one-sided force is applied to the rotor. Figure 5 illustrates the flow paths of the material to be compressed by arrows. The holes 6 may be conical, i.e. tapering in the direction of flow of the material. Thereby, orientation of the material passing through the holes 6 in the converging through holes 6 is obtained.

Kuviossa 6 on kaavamaisesti esitetty osa erään toisen keksinnön mukaisen suulakepuristimen roottorista sivultapäin katsottuna. Kuvion 6 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 35 1-5 numerointia. Urat 2 on muotoiltu siten, että uran 9 104055 syvyys muuttuu sen poikittaissuunnassa siten, että uran syvin kohta on kuviossa 6 katsottuna lähellä uran 2 yläreunaa. Kannas 3 on taas sovitettu kapeaksi ja teräväksi.Figure 6 is a schematic side view of a rotor of another extruder of the present invention. The numbering of Figure 6 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 35 1-5. The grooves 2 are shaped such that the depth of the groove 9 104055 changes in its transverse direction so that the deepest point of the groove, as seen in Figure 6, is near the upper edge of the groove 2. The heel 3 is again narrow and sharp.

Kuviossa 7 on esitetty kuvion 6 mukainen roottorin 5 osa aksiaalisuunnassa alhaaltapäin katsottuna ja poikki -leikattuna. Kuvion 7 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 1-6 numerointia. Kuviosta 7 käy selvästi ilmi uran 2 muoto, eli että ura 2 on etureunastaan jyrkemmin viisto kuin takareunastaan. Edelleen kuviosta 7 käy ilmi kannaksen 3 10 kapea ja terävä muoto.Fig. 7 is a bottom view and a cross-sectional view of the rotor 5 of Fig. 6 in axial direction. The numbering of Figure 7 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 1-6. Figure 7 clearly shows the shape of the groove 2, i.e. the groove 2 is steeper at its leading edge than at its rear edge. Further, Fig. 7 shows a narrow and sharp shape of the heel 3 10.

Kuviossa 8 on kaavamaisesti esitetty erään neljännen keksinnön mukaisen laitteiston roottori sivultapäin katsottuna. Kuvion 8 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 1-7 numerointia. Roottorin 1 alaosassa on normaalit urat 2 15 puristettavan materiaalin puristamiseksi kuviossa katsot tuna ylöspäin. Urista 2 puristettava materiaali siirtyy rengaskanavaan 7 ja rengaskanavasta 7 ensimmäiseen apu-uraan 2a. Ensimmäisestä apu-urasta 2a materiaali siirtyy välikannaksen 3a yli toiseen apu-uraan 2b ja sieltä edel-20 leen poistouria 2c pitkin ulos suulakepuristimesta. Roottoriin 1 kuuluu edelleen ohjainkannakset 3b, jotka ovat korkeampia kuin välikannakset 3a, jolloin ohjainkannasten 3b yli ei olennaisesti siirry puristettavaa materiaalia. Sen sijaan olennaisesti kaikki puristettava materiaali • 25 johdetaan välikannaksen 3a yli, jolloin välikannaksessa 3a puristettavaan materiaaliin kohdistuu puristuspaine, jonka paineen vaikutus taas pienenee puristettavan materiaalin siirtyessä toiseen apu-uraan 2b. Näin ollen välikannaksen 3a avulla saavutetaan hydrodynaaminen laakerointi. Laake-30 roinnin ja roottorin tasapainottamisen kannalta ei ensim- _ · mäisen apu-uran 2a ja toisen apu-uran 2b sekä niiden välisen välikannaksen 3a tarvitse ulottua kuin osalle roottorin 1 matkaa. Selvyyden vuoksi on kuviossa 6 esitetty vain osa urista 2, 2a - 2c ja kannaksista 3, 3a - 3c.Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of a rotor of an apparatus according to the invention. The numbering of Figure 8 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 1-7. The lower part of the rotor 1 has normal grooves 2 for pressing the material to be compressed, as seen in the figure. The material to be extruded from the grooves 2 moves to the annular channel 7 and from the annular channel 7 to the first auxiliary groove 2a. From the first auxiliary groove 2a, the material moves over the intermediate support 3a to the second auxiliary groove 2b and from there through the outlet grooves 2c out of the extruder. The rotor 1 further includes guide struts 3b which are higher than spacer struts 3a, whereby no material to be compressed is substantially moved over the guide struts 3b. Instead, substantially all of the material to be compressed • 25 is passed over the spacer 3a, whereby the material to be compressed in the spacer 3a is subjected to a compression pressure which again decreases as the material to be compressed moves to the second auxiliary groove 2b. Thus, the hydrodynamic bearing is achieved by means of the intermediate support 3a. With respect to bearing 30 and balancing the rotor, the first auxiliary groove 2a and the second auxiliary groove 2b and the intermediate cap 3a therebetween need not extend beyond part of the distance of the rotor 1. For the sake of clarity, only part of the grooves 2, 2a to 2c and the heels 3, 3a to 3c are shown in Fig. 6.

35 Kuviossa 9 on kaavamaisesti esitetty kuvion 8 mu- • ' 10 104055 kaisen roottorin yksityiskohta aksiaalisuunnasta katsottuna ja poikkileikattuna. Kuvion 9 numerointi vastaa kuvioiden 1-8 numerointia. Selvyyden vuoksi on kuviossa 9 roottori 1 ja staattori 4 esitetty niiden väliseltä pin-5 naltaan suoraviivaisesti. Olennaisesti kaikki puristettava materiaali 8 johdetaan ensimmäisestä apu-urasta 2a toiseen apu-uraan 2b välikannaksen 3a kautta. Välikannaksen 3a ensimmäisen apu-uran 2a puoleisen etureunan välys hj. on suurempi kuin sen toisen apu-uran 2b puoleisen reunan ja 10 staattorin välinen välys h2. Puristettava materiaali 8 voi olla pääosin esimerkiksi polyeteeniä 8a ja sisältää sen lisäksi esimerkiksi silloittuvaa polyeteeniä, joka suulakepuristimessa silloittuu. Urassa 2a ollessaan silloittuva polyeteeni 8a on vielä pallomaisessa muodossa, mutta jou-15 tuessaan välikannaksen 3a kohdalla paineen vaikutuksen alaiseksi se orientoituu soikion muotoiseksi kuviossa 7 havainnollistetulla tavalla. Tällöin saadaan aikaan tuote, joka sisältää orientoituja ja silloittuneita poly-eteenikuituja. Tällaisen tuotteen lujuus- ja kestä-20 vyysominaisuudet ovat erittäin hyvät. Suulakepuristettava tuote voi olla esimerkiksi muoviputki, kaapelin vaippa, kalvo tai muu vastaava tuote. Kuvioiden 6 ja 7 mukaisella laitteistolla saadaan aikaan tuotetta, jonka silloittuneet polyeteenikuidut 8a ovat olennaisesti kaikki orientoitunut • 25 soikionmuotoisiksi. Kuvioiden 1-5 mukaisella laitteis tolla saadaan ainakin osa kuiduista orientoitua virtaus-poikkipinnan supistuessa soikeiksi. Puristettavana materiaalina voidaan käyttää myös esimerkiksi nestekidemuovia, joka laitteiston venyttävän vaikutuksen johdosta kuidut-30 tuu. Edullisesti nestekidemuovia on sekoitettuna mat-riisimuoviin noin 5 - 40 %. Erittäin edullista on käyttää sellaisia muoviseoksia, joissa pääasiallisesti kuidutetta-va ainesosa, kuten LCP-muovi, on viskositeetiltaan matrii-simuovia juoksevampaa. Tässä tapauksessa tehostuu tämän 35 ainesosan fibrillointi, koska se helpommin juoksevana pyr-Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view in axial direction and in cross-section of a rotor of Fig. 8 10 104055. The numbering of Figure 9 corresponds to the numbering of Figures 1-8. For clarity, in Fig. 9, the rotor 1 and stator 4 are shown in a straight line with their pin-5 pin. Substantially all of the material 8 to be compressed is guided from the first auxiliary groove 2a to the second auxiliary groove 2b through an intermediate support 3a. The clearance hj of the front edge of the first auxiliary groove 2a of the intermediate bracket 3a. is greater than the clearance h2 between the side of its second auxiliary groove 2b and the stator 10. The material 8 to be extruded may be mainly polyethylene 8a, for example, and further comprises, for example, crosslinkable polyethylene which is crosslinked in the extruder. While in groove 2a, the cross-linkable polyethylene 8a is still in spherical form, but when decoded at the intermediate support 3a under pressure, the jet-15 is oriented to an oval shape as illustrated in Figure 7. This provides a product containing oriented and crosslinked polyethylene fibers. Such a product has very good strength and durability properties. The extrudable product may be, for example, a plastic tube, a cable sheath, a film, or the like. The apparatus of Figures 6 and 7 provides a product in which the crosslinked polyethylene fibers 8a are substantially all oval in orientation. 1-5, at least a portion of the fibers are oriented as the flow cross-section becomes oval. Liquid crystal resin, for example, which, due to the stretching effect of the apparatus, provides fibers 30, can also be used as a compressible material. Preferably, the liquid crystal resin is mixed with the matrix resin in an amount of about 5 to 40%. It is very advantageous to use plastic blends in which the mainly fibrous component, such as LCP plastic, has a higher viscosity than the matrix plastic. In this case, the fibrillation of this 35 ingredient is enhanced because it more readily

f If I

11 104055 kii kannaksen ylitse ja siten venyy. Vastaavanlainen efekti saavutetaan osittain myös siinä tapauksessa, että esimerkiksi HDPE-muoviin on lisätty sellaista MD- tai LD-po-lyeteeniä, johon on imeytetty silloittava ainesosa, kuten 5 peroksidi. Tällaisessa tapauksessa helpommin virtaava ainesosa fibrilloituu ja samalla lämmön vaikutuksesta sil-loittuu. Mikäli silloitusaine, kuten peroksidi, valitaan reaktiolämpötilaltaan erittäin tarkaksi saatetaan päästä siihen, että vain harjanteen yli menevä aine silloittuu, 10 sillä siinä kohdassa on myös prosessin korkein lämpötila. Keksinnön mukaisella laitteella saadaan aikaan tuotetta, missä ainakin osa kuiduista on orientoituneena ruuviviivan suuntaan. Vahvistavina kuituina voidaan käyttää myös lasikuituja.11 104055 swing over the heel and thus stretch. A similar effect is achieved in part even when, for example, MDP or LD polyethylene having a cross-linking component such as peroxide has been added to the HDPE resin. In such a case, the more flowing ingredient will fibrillate and at the same time be silylated by the action of heat. Selecting a cross-linking agent such as peroxide with a very high reaction temperature may result in cross-linking only, since this is where the highest temperature of the process is. The device of the invention provides a product wherein at least some of the fibers are oriented in the direction of the helix. Glass fibers can also be used as reinforcing fibers.

15 Piirustukset ja niihin liittyvä selitys on tarkoi tettu vain havainnollistamaan keksinnön ajatusta. Yksityiskohdiltaan keksintö voi vaihdella patenttivaatimusten puitteissa. Niinpä urat ja kannakset voidaan haluttaessa roottorin l sijasta tai lisäksi muodostaa myös staattorei-20 hin. Myös useamman kuin yhden roottorin ja kahden staat-torin käyttö on mahdollista. Edelleen voidaan käyttää esimerkiksi vain yhtä staattoria ja sen uiko- ja sisäpuolella yhtä roottoria, jolloin esimerkiksi kuvion 4 tapauksessa viitenumerolla 1 tarkoitettaisiin staattoria ja viitenume-25 roiden 4 ja 5 osoittamat välineet olisivat roottoreita. Keksinnön kannalta on kuitenkin olennaista, että rengasmaisia, kartion muotoisia syöttörakoja 9 on ainakin kaksi.The drawings and the description related thereto are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the invention may vary within the scope of the claims. Thus, if desired, the grooves and heels can be formed in place of the rotor 1 or also in the stator 20. It is also possible to use more than one rotor and two stators. Further, for example, only one stator and one rotor on the inside and outside thereof can be used, whereby, for example, in the case of Figure 4, reference numeral 1 would refer to the stator and the means indicated by reference numerals 4 and 5 would be rotors. However, it is essential for the invention that there are at least two annular conical feed slots 9.

Claims (15)

1. Extruderingsförfarande, vid vilket förfa-rande materialet pressas med en extruder, vilken extru-5 der uppvisar ätminstone tvä inne i varandra belägna, ringformade, konformade matarspalter (9) vilka har ut-formats mellan en roterbar rotor (1) och en stator (4, 5) , vid vilket förfarande materialet som pressas pressas mellan rotorn (1) och statorn (4, 5) medelst i 10 rotorn (1) och/eller statorn (4, 5) belägna, i huvudsak helixformade spär (2, 2a - 2c) och halsdelar (3, 3a, 3b) som befinner sig mellan dessa, ut ur extrudern, kännetecknat av att ätminstone en del av materialet som pressas utsättes i extrudern i olika 15 matarspalter (9) växelvis för ett högre och ett lägre tryck, varvid materialets strömningshastighet växelvis ökar och minskar och att ätminstone en del av materialet som pressas ledes frän ett spär (2, 2a - 2c) tili ett annat. 20An extrusion method in which the process material is pressed with an extruder, which extruder exhibits at least two interposed annular, cone-shaped feeder slots (9) formed between a rotatable rotor (1) and a stator. (4, 5), in which method the material being pressed is pressed between the rotor (1) and the stator (4, 5) by means of the rotor (1) and / or the stator (4, 5), which are generally helical-shaped rafters (2, 2a - 2c) and throat portions (3, 3a, 3b) located therebetween, out of the extruder, characterized in that at least a portion of the material pressed into the extruder is subjected alternately in different feeder slots (9) to a higher and a lower pressure, whereby the flow rate of the material alternately increases and decreases and that at least part of the material being pressed is passed from one lock (2, 2a - 2c) to another. 20 2. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, känne tecknat av att för att ästadkomma en önskad tryckverkan ledes ätminstone en del av materialet som pressas i dess löpriktning växelvis tili ett lägre och ett högre utrymme. . . 252. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to achieve a desired printing effect, at least part of the material pressed in its running direction is alternately guided to a lower and a higher space. . . 25 3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 2, k ä n n e - tecknat av att materialet som pressas ledes i spärens (2, 2a - 2c) riktning tili ett lägre och ett högre utrymme och ätminstone delvis frän en matarspalt (9) tili en annan. 303. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the material being pressed is guided in the direction of the lock (2, 2a - 2c) to a lower and a higher space and at least partly from one feeder gap (9) to another. 30 4. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven • ovan, kännetecknat av att halsdelarna (3, * 3a) har utformats sneda pä sä sätt att spelet mellan rotorn (1) och statorn (4, 5) vid halsdelens (3, 3a) främre kant är större än vid dess bakre kant och ät- 35 minstone en del av materialet försättes att strömma ., 104055 16 over halsdelen (3, 3a).Method according to any of the claims • above, characterized in that the neck portions (3, * 3a) are designed obliquely in such a way that the play between the rotor (1) and the stator (4, 5) at the front edge of the neck portion (3, 3a) is larger than at its trailing edge and at least a portion of the material is allowed to flow over the neck portion (3, 3a). 5. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 4, kanne-tecknat av att atminstone över en del av extru-derns sträcka försättes väsentligen allt material som 5 pressas att strömma over halsdelen (3a).5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that at least a portion of the extruder stretch extends substantially all material which is pressed to flow over the neck portion (3a). 6. Extruder vilken uppvisar atminstone tvA inne i varandra belägna, ringformade, konformade matar-spalter (9) vilka har utformats mellan en roterbar ä rotor (1) och en stator (4, 5), och vilken rotor (1) 10 och/eller stator (4, 5) uppvisar atminstone i huvudsak helixformade spar (2, 2a - 2c) och mellan dessa belägna halsdelar (3, 3a, 3b) för att pressa materialet som pressas ut ur extrudern, kännetecknad av att extrudern har anordnats att utsätta atminstone en 15 del av materialet som pressas växelvis för ett högre och ett lägre tryck, och att leda atminstone en del av ~ materialet som pressas frän ett spär (2, 2a - 2c) tili ett annat.6. Extruders having at least two inner, annular, cone-shaped feed slots (9) formed between a rotatable rotor (1) and a stator (4, 5), and which rotor (1) and / or or stator (4, 5) has at least substantially helical grooves (2, 2a - 2c) and between these disposed neck portions (3, 3a, 3b) for pressing the material extruded out of the extruder, characterized in that the extruder is arranged to expose at least a portion of the material being alternately pressed for a higher and lower pressure, and to conduct at least a portion of the material pressed from one latch (2, 2a - 2c) to another. 7. Extruder enligt patentkrav 6, kanne-20 tecknad av att extrudern har anordnats att försätta atminstone en del av materialet som pressas i dess löpriktning växelvis tili ett lägre och ett högre utrymme.Extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that the extruder is arranged to move at least part of the material pressed in its running direction alternately into a lower and a higher space. 8. Extruder enligt patentkrav 7, k ä n n e -25 tecknad av att atminstone en del av spären (2) har anordnats att i sin längsriktning ätminstone pä en del av sträckan växelvis bli grundare och bli djupare och att mellan matarspalterna (9) finns häl (6) genom vilka atminstone en del av materialet som pressas kan 30 förflytta sig frän en matarspalt (9) tili en annan.8. Extruders according to claim 7, characterized in that at least a part of the latch (2) is arranged to alternately become shallower and deeper in the longitudinal direction at least part of the distance and that between the feeder gaps (9) (6) through which at least a portion of the material pressed can move from one feeder gap (9) to another. 9. Extruder enligt patentkrav 7 eller 8, : kännetecknad av att atminstone en del av halsdelarna (3, 3a) har anordnats sneda pä sä sätt att vid halsdelens främre kant är spelet (hi) mellan rotorn 35 (1) och statorn (4, 5) större än spelet (h2) mellan ~t Ί 104055 17 rotorn (1) och statorn (4, 5) vid halsdelens (3, 3a) bakre kant.Extruders according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that at least part of the neck portions (3, 3a) are arranged obliquely in such a way that at the front edge of the neck portion the clearance (hi) is between the rotor 35 (1) and the stator (4). 5) greater than the clearance (h2) between the rotor (1) and the stator (4, 5) at the rear edge of the neck portion (3, 3a). 10. Extruder enligt patentkrav 9, kanne-tecknad av att ätminstone over en del av extru- 5 derns sträcka har anordnats ett första hjälpspir (2a) och ett andra hjälpspär (2b) samt mellan dessa en mellanhalsdel (3a) pä sä sätt att väsentligen allt material som pressas har letts att strömma over mellan-halsdelen (3a) frän det första hjälpspäret (2a) till 10 det andra hjälpspäret (2b).Extruders according to claim 9, characterized in that a first auxiliary spindle (2a) and a second auxiliary spacer (2b) are arranged at least over a portion of the extruder's distance and between them an intermediate neck part (3a) in such a way that substantially all material being pressed has been allowed to flow over the middle neck portion (3a) from the first auxiliary lock (2a) to the second auxiliary lock (2b). 11. Plastprodukt, vilken innehäller orienterat material, säsom en flytkristallpolymer (LCP), varvid ätminstone en del av det orienterade materialet är orienterat under extruderingen i en extruder som uppvisar 15 ätminstone en rotor (1), kännetecknad av att orienteringen har ästadkommits genom att utsätta det i extruderns matarspalt (9) strömmande orienterade materialet växelvis för ett högre och ett lägre tryck genom att rotera extruderns rotor (1) pä sä sätt att 20 materialets strömningshastighet växelvis ökar och minskar.Plastic product containing oriented material, such as a liquid crystal polymer (LCP), wherein at least part of the oriented material is oriented during extrusion in an extruder having at least one rotor (1), characterized in that the orientation has been achieved by subjecting the oriented material flowing in the extruder gap (9) alternately for a higher and a lower pressure by rotating the extruder rotor (1) in such a way that the flow velocity of the material alternately increases and decreases. 12. Produkt enligt patentkrav 11, kännetecknad av att produkten innehäller tvärbundet och ätminstone tili en del orienterat polyeten. . - - 2512. Product according to claim 11, characterized in that the product contains crosslinked and at least partially oriented polyethylene. . - - 25 13. Produkt enligt patentkrav 12, känne tecknad av att det tvärbundna polyetenet är väsentligen helt orienterat.13. Product according to claim 12, characterized in that the cross-linked polyethylene is substantially completely oriented. 14. Produkt enligt patentkrav 11 eller 12, kännetecknad av att det tvärbundna polyete- 30 net bildar fiberformade nät i matrisplasten.Product according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the cross-linked polyethylene forms fibrous webs in the matrix plastic. 15. Produkt enligt nägot av patentkraven 11 - : 14,kännetecknad av att produkten även upp visar i helixlinjeriktningen orienterade andra fibrer, säsom LCP-fibrer eller glasfibrer.Product according to any of claims 11 -: 14, characterized in that the product also shows other fibers oriented in the helix line direction, such as LCP fibers or glass fibers.
FI964988A 1994-04-04 1996-12-12 Extrusion process, extruder and plastic product FI104055B1 (en)

Priority Applications (39)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI964988A FI104055B1 (en) 1996-04-29 1996-12-12 Extrusion process, extruder and plastic product
FI965182A FI965182A (en) 1996-04-04 1996-12-20 Process and apparatus for producing an extruded plastic product and plastic product
BR9708594A BR9708594A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method and apparatus for the manufacture of an extruded plastic product and plastic product
PCT/FI1997/000180 WO1997037830A2 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
EE9800342A EE04393B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method and apparatus for making extruded products
DE69717107T DE69717107T2 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING A PLASTIC OBJECT
JP53586697A JP2001501549A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Manufacturing method and equipment for extruded plastic products, and plastic products
EA199800789A EA000540B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
GE3262A GEP20012382B (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method and Apparatus for Manufacturing an Extruded Plastic Product, and a Plastic Product
US09/142,113 US6309574B1 (en) 1994-04-04 1997-03-19 Extrusion of high molecular weight polymers
CN97193580A CN1087685C (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method and apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
IL12643697A IL126436A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method and apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
AT97914334T ATE227634T1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING A PLASTIC OBJECT
SK1370-98A SK284796B6 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Method for manufacturing extrudable products and device for carrying out the method
UA98105221A UA46100C2 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF EXTRUDED PRODUCT AND MULTILAYERED PLASTIC PRODUCT (OPTIONS)
CA002250399A CA2250399C (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
TR1998/01717T TR199801717T2 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and device for the manufacture of molded plastic products and plastic products.
EP97914334A EP0912316B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product
RO98-01448A RO120128B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Process and installation for obtaining an extruded product made of plastics
AU21614/97A AU721500B2 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
IL14850697A IL148506A0 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, and a plastic product
CZ0316398A CZ298147B6 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-03-19 Process for producing extruded plastic products and apparatus for making the same
CO97016910A CO4700324A1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-04-03 A METHOD AND APPARATUS TO MANUFACTURE AN EXTRUDED PLASTIC PRODUCT
ARP970101339A AR006499A1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-04-03 METHOD TO MANUFACTURE PRODUCTS TO BE OBTAINED BY EXTRUSION AND APPARATUS TO MANUFACTURE A PRODUCT FROM EXTRUDED PLASTIC MATERIAL
MYPI97001437A MY118677A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-04-03 A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product
IDP971137A ID16544A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-04-04 METHODS AND EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING EXTRUDED PLASTIC PRODUCTS AND PLASTIC PRODUCTS
EP97919422A EP0909233A2 (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
US09/155,024 US6203740B1 (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
PCT/FI1997/000250 WO1997040658A2 (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
AU23901/97A AU2390197A (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
JP09538616A JP2000510775A (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion molding method, extruder, and extrudate
CA002250697A CA2250697A1 (en) 1996-04-29 1997-04-28 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
SA97180006A SA97180006B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1997-05-10 Method and apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product
IS4846A IS4846A (en) 1996-04-04 1998-09-14 Process and apparatus for the production of extruded plastics, and plastics
PL328994A PL182591B1 (en) 1996-04-04 1998-09-28 Method of and apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic article and extruded article obtained thereby
NO984596A NO984596L (en) 1996-04-04 1998-10-01 Method and apparatus for producing an extruded plastic product, as well as a plastic product made by the method
US09/599,748 US6306326B1 (en) 1996-04-29 2000-06-22 Extrusion method, extruder and extruded product
CN00128793A CN1289672A (en) 1996-04-04 2000-09-22 Method and apparatus for manufacturing plastic products by injection and products thereof
US09/942,109 US6689472B2 (en) 1996-04-04 2001-08-28 Apparatus for extrusion of polymers and plastic products formed with the apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI961822A FI106005B (en) 1995-12-12 1996-04-29 Method for the manufacture of homogeneous material by means of an extruder and an extruder
FI961822 1996-04-29
PCT/FI1996/000261 WO1997001428A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1996-05-08 Extrusion apparatus and method for orienting plastic material by using an extrusion apparatus
FI9600261 1996-05-08
FI964988A FI104055B1 (en) 1996-04-29 1996-12-12 Extrusion process, extruder and plastic product
FI964988 1996-12-12

Publications (4)

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FI964988A0 FI964988A0 (en) 1996-12-12
FI964988A FI964988A (en) 1997-10-30
FI104055B true FI104055B (en) 1999-11-15
FI104055B1 FI104055B1 (en) 1999-11-15

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FI964988A (en) 1997-10-30
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