ES357286A1 - Method for making a battery plate using cellulosic material - Google Patents
Method for making a battery plate using cellulosic materialInfo
- Publication number
- ES357286A1 ES357286A1 ES357286A ES357286A ES357286A1 ES 357286 A1 ES357286 A1 ES 357286A1 ES 357286 A ES357286 A ES 357286A ES 357286 A ES357286 A ES 357286A ES 357286 A1 ES357286 A1 ES 357286A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- heating
- cotton
- impregnated
- preferred
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0416—Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
- B01D39/2031—Metallic material the material being particulate
- B01D39/2034—Metallic material the material being particulate sintered or bonded by inorganic agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/002—Manufacture of articles essentially made from metallic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1137—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers by coating porous removable preforms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8846—Impregnation
- H01M4/885—Impregnation followed by reduction of the catalyst salt precursor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the production of a metal replica of a fibrous material comprises so impregnating a natural cellulosic fibrous material with a solution of one or more thermally decomposable metal salts that the solution enters the fibres, drying the impregnated material, and by a single heating in a reducing atmosphere destroying the cellulosic material, decomposing the salt or salts to metal and sintering the resultant metal to produce a coherent metal body having a porosity corresponding to the pores within the fibres as well as to the gaps between them in the starting material. The cellulosic fibrous material may be cotton in sheet form, e.g. woven or knitted cotton or cotton wool, cotton or sisal thread, jute sacking, blotting paper or paper pulp. The metal may be Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or alloys thereof, or W, Mo, Ag, Au or a platinum group metal, but Ni is preferred and NiCl 2 is the preferred impregnating salt. The heating step is carried out at a temperature of at least 900 C. in which case the heating time does not exceed 60 minutes, but heating at more than 1000 C. for not more than 30 minutes is preferred, the heating in each case being carried out in a reducing atmosphere such as cracked ammonia. A metal plaque may be formed from porous sheets made by the above process, by bonding said sheets by compacting and/or sintering and the plaque may be impregnated to form an alkaline battery plate, e. g. a bonded stack of Ni plates may be impregnated with NI(OH) 2 by conventional methods.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08697/68A GB1183642A (en) | 1967-08-17 | 1967-08-17 | Manufacture of Porous Metal Products |
GB3803667 | 1967-08-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES357286A1 true ES357286A1 (en) | 1970-03-16 |
Family
ID=26253549
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES357287A Expired ES357287A1 (en) | 1967-08-17 | 1968-08-16 | Method for making a battery plate using cellulosic material |
ES357286A Expired ES357286A1 (en) | 1967-08-17 | 1968-08-16 | Method for making a battery plate using cellulosic material |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES357287A Expired ES357287A1 (en) | 1967-08-17 | 1968-08-16 | Method for making a battery plate using cellulosic material |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3689320A (en) |
BE (2) | BE719580A (en) |
CH (2) | CH499887A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1758827C3 (en) |
ES (2) | ES357287A1 (en) |
FR (2) | FR1578407A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1183642A (en) |
NL (2) | NL6811536A (en) |
SE (1) | SE358662B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1150542B (en) * | 1958-01-16 | 1963-06-20 | Zahn Hermann | Fuel container for a gas lighter |
US4175153A (en) * | 1978-05-16 | 1979-11-20 | Monsanto Company | Inorganic anisotropic hollow fibers |
US6099880A (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-08-08 | Nabisco, Inc. | Variable-width swirl pattern in candy |
US6706239B2 (en) | 2001-02-05 | 2004-03-16 | Porvair Plc | Method of co-forming metal foam articles and the articles formed by the method thereof |
DE102004018047A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-11-10 | Tesa Ag | Process for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies |
US7328831B1 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2008-02-12 | Porvair Plc | Method of making a brazed metal article and the article formed thereby |
DE102004032089B3 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for producing open-pored metal foam bodies |
NZ583608A (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2011-09-30 | Nagarjuna Energy Private Ltd | A process for preventing polymerization of cracked volatile products during pyrolysis and gasification |
US11342564B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2022-05-24 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Three-dimensional architectured anode, a direct carbon fuel cell including the three-dimensional architectured anode, and related methods |
DE102017216566A1 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-21 | Alantum Europe Gmbh | A process for the preparation of an open-porous shaped body with a modified surface, which is formed with a metal and a molded body produced by the process |
-
1967
- 1967-08-17 GB GB08697/68A patent/GB1183642A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-08-05 CH CH1169568A patent/CH499887A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-08-05 CH CH1169668A patent/CH485026A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-08-14 FR FR1578407D patent/FR1578407A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-08-14 NL NL6811536A patent/NL6811536A/xx unknown
- 1968-08-14 FR FR1579742D patent/FR1579742A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-08-14 NL NL6811574A patent/NL6811574A/xx unknown
- 1968-08-16 BE BE719580D patent/BE719580A/xx unknown
- 1968-08-16 ES ES357287A patent/ES357287A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-08-16 ES ES357286A patent/ES357286A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-08-16 DE DE1758827A patent/DE1758827C3/en not_active Expired
- 1968-08-16 BE BE719581D patent/BE719581A/xx unknown
- 1968-08-19 SE SE11120/68A patent/SE358662B/xx unknown
-
1970
- 1970-03-25 US US20870A patent/US3689320A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1758827C3 (en) | 1974-05-09 |
BE719581A (en) | 1969-02-17 |
FR1578407A (en) | 1969-08-14 |
NL6811574A (en) | 1969-02-19 |
US3689320A (en) | 1972-09-05 |
NL6811536A (en) | 1969-02-19 |
GB1183642A (en) | 1970-03-11 |
ES357287A1 (en) | 1970-04-01 |
DE1758827B2 (en) | 1973-10-11 |
CH485026A (en) | 1970-01-31 |
FR1579742A (en) | 1969-08-29 |
SE358662B (en) | 1973-08-06 |
DE1758827A1 (en) | 1972-04-06 |
BE719580A (en) | 1969-02-17 |
CH499887A (en) | 1970-11-30 |
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