ES2957176A1 - Surgical screw (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Surgical screw (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2957176A1 ES2957176A1 ES202230463A ES202230463A ES2957176A1 ES 2957176 A1 ES2957176 A1 ES 2957176A1 ES 202230463 A ES202230463 A ES 202230463A ES 202230463 A ES202230463 A ES 202230463A ES 2957176 A1 ES2957176 A1 ES 2957176A1
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241001653121 Glenoides Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010023204 Joint dislocation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000008877 Shoulder Dislocation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 206010028851 Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010031264 Osteonecrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000008924 Femoral Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020100 Hip fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003076 Osteolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000610 foot bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029791 lytic metastatic bone lesion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010041569 spinal fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
- F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
- F16B25/0057—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
- F16B25/0063—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections with a non-threaded portion on the shaft of the screw
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
- F16B25/106—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a self-piercing screw-point, i.e. without removing material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
- A61B2017/044—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors with a threaded shaft, e.g. screws
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Tornillo quirúrgicosurgical screw
Sector de la técnicaTechnical sector
El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la medicina, en concreto de la traumatología, y más en concreto se refiere a tornillos aptos para ser utilizados en la unión de huesos fracturados. The field of application of the present invention falls within the medical sector, specifically traumatology, and more specifically refers to screws suitable for use in the union of fractured bones.
Estado de la técnicaState of the art
Para regenerar y volver a unir huesos fracturados, se necesita, en muchas ocasiones, aplicar tornillos u otros utillajes de refuerzo que mantengan el hueso unido durante su regeneración, y a la vez sirvan de soporte mecánico auxiliar que refuerza la unión fracturada ante esfuerzos cotidianos. To regenerate and rejoin fractured bones, it is often necessary to apply screws or other reinforcing tools that keep the bone together during its regeneration, and at the same time serve as auxiliary mechanical support that reinforces the fractured union under daily stress.
Existe una gran variedad de tornillos quirúrgicos en la actualidad, que están diseñados especialmente para aplicaciones específicas, tales como fracturas vertebrales, fracturas de los huesos del pie, fracturas femorales, de cadera, etc. De especial importancia son las fracturas que se remedian más rápidamente mediante la compresión de dos fragmentos óseos. Para esto se cuenta con tornillos de diferentes secciones de rosca con pasos de rosca distintos, lo cual genera compresión entre dos fragmentos. Sin embargo, la inserción de este tipo de tornillos presenta una elevada fricción, lo que conlleva mayor tiempo de ejecución de la operación quirúrgica, menor sensibilidad a las manos del cirujano para ejecutar la inserción, al tener que realizar más fuerza de torque, y un posible aumento de temperatura por fricción que puede provocar la necrosis del tejido óseo circundante. There is a wide variety of surgical screws today, which are specially designed for specific applications, such as vertebral fractures, foot bone fractures, femoral fractures, hip fractures, etc. Of particular importance are fractures that are healed more quickly by compression of two bone fragments. For this, screws with different thread sections with different thread pitches are available, which generates compression between two fragments. However, the insertion of this type of screws presents high friction, which leads to a longer execution time of the surgical operation, less sensitivity to the surgeon's hands to execute the insertion, as more torque force has to be applied, and a possible increase in temperature due to friction that can cause necrosis of the surrounding bone tissue.
Descripción resumida de la invenciónSummary description of the invention
Un primer aspecto de la invención aporta un tornillo quirúrgico para unir y reforzar fracturas óseas o para realizar injertos óseos que comprende un alma alargada con tres secciones de rosca diferenciadas, de las cuales dos secciones de rosca están situadas en los extremos del alma y tienen un paso de rosca más fino que la sección de rosca situada en una zona intermedia, caracterizado porque el alma comprende una sección sin rosca en una zona intermedia. A first aspect of the invention provides a surgical screw to join and reinforce bone fractures or to perform bone grafts that comprises an elongated core with three differentiated thread sections, of which two thread sections are located at the ends of the core and have a thread pitch finer than the thread section located in an intermediate zone, characterized in that the core comprises a threadless section in an intermediate zone.
Las secciones de alma o caña de rosca con paso más fino son más adecuadas para fijarse en hueso de tipo cortical, mientras que la sección con paso de rosca más grueso es más adecuada para perforar y fijarse en un medio de hueso esponjoso. La zona de la caña sin rosca es adecuada para facilitar la inserción del tornillo en el agujero practicado en el hueso, al causar menor fricción en el hueso. Además, se permite mantener un mayor volumen de hueso adyacente al tornillo. The core or thread shank sections with finer pitch are more suitable for fixing in cortical type bone, while the section with coarser thread pitch is more suitable for drilling and fixing in a cancellous bone medium. The non-threaded area of the shaft is suitable to facilitate the insertion of the screw into the hole made in the bone, by causing less friction in the bone. In addition, it allows maintaining a greater volume of bone adjacent to the screw.
Al facilitar la inserción del tornillo, se reduce el tiempo de la intervención quirúrgica y al generar una menor fricción, no se producen temperaturas elevadas provocadas por el torque a su inserción y, por consiguiente, evitaríamos una temperatura excesiva en los tejidos pudiendo provocar necrosis tisular “osteonecrosis” y, como consecuencia, su alto riesgo fallo en la fijación del dispositivo. By facilitating the insertion of the screw, the time of the surgical intervention is reduced and by generating less friction, high temperatures caused by the torque at its insertion are not produced and, consequently, we would avoid excessive temperature in the tissues that could cause tissue necrosis. “osteonecrosis” and, as a consequence, its high risk of device fixation failure.
Además, al reducir la fricción durante la inserción, se proporciona un beneficio al cirujano mediante la reducción de la fuerza de torque necesaria para la inserción del mismo proporcionando, una menor fricción y por consiguiente una menor osteólisis u osteonecrosis de tejido circundante y consiguiente aflojamiento del sistema. Furthermore, by reducing friction during insertion, a benefit is provided to the surgeon by reducing the torque force necessary for its insertion, providing less friction and consequently less osteolysis or osteonecrosis of surrounding tissue and consequent loosening of the system.
Por lo tanto, este tornillo es especialmente indicado para promover la estabilización de la osteosíntesis y generar compresión entre dos fragmentos óseos. En particular, este tornillo permite el injerto adecuado de un fragmento de hueso tricortical de cresta iliaca en el glenoideo para su reconstrucción artroscópica cuando presenta defectos de glena que provocan la dislocación frecuente del hombro. Therefore, this screw is especially indicated to promote the stabilization of osteosynthesis and generate compression between two bone fragments. In particular, this screw allows adequate grafting of a fragment of tricortical bone from the iliac crest into the glenoid for arthroscopic reconstruction when glenoid defects occur that cause frequent dislocation of the shoulder.
Preferiblemente la sección sin rosca es de una longitud de entre % a % de la longitud del alma. Preferably the threadless section is of a length between % to % of the length of the web.
Preferiblemente, las secciones de rosca de paso más fino tienen una profundidad de espira menor que la sección de rosca de paso mayor. Preferably, the finer pitch thread sections have a smaller thread depth than the larger pitch thread section.
Preferentemente el tornillo comprende una cabeza. Preferably the screw comprises a head.
Preferiblemente el tornillo un canal hueco que atraviesa la caña longitudinalmente, es decir, es un tornillo canulado. Los tornillos canulados permiten agilizar su colocación a través de agujas guías. Preferably, the screw has a hollow channel that runs through the shaft longitudinally, that is, it is a cannulated screw. Cannulated screws allow faster placement through guide needles.
Preferiblemente, el extremo del tornillo opuesto a la cabeza comprende una hendidura que es autoperforante, lo cual reduce el esfuerzo y el tiempo requeridos para la instalación, al tiempo que aumenta la retroalimentación táctil al cirujano y al tiempo que aumenta el poder de sujeción. Preferably, the end of the screw opposite the head comprises a recess that is self-drilling, which reduces the effort and time required for installation, while increasing tactile feedback to the surgeon and while increasing holding power.
El tornillo puede ser de acero o titanio. The screw can be made of steel or titanium.
El tornillo puede tener un alma o caña de 3.5 mm de diámetro, con una longitud de 32 a 100 mm. The screw can have a core or shank of 3.5 mm in diameter, with a length of 32 to 100 mm.
Breve descripción de las figurasBrief description of the figures
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, unos dibujos en los que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente: La figura 1 muestra un tornillo quirúrgico según una realización de la invención. To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, by some drawings in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, The following has been shown: Figure 1 shows a surgical screw according to an embodiment of the invention.
Descripción detallada de la invenciónDetailed description of the invention
En el siguiente apartado se describen una realización preferible de la presente invención a modo de ejemplo, sin pretender constituir limitación alguna al ámbito de protección de la presente solicitud, que será definido exclusivamente por las reivindicaciones adjuntas. In the following section, a preferable embodiment of the present invention is described by way of example, without intending to constitute any limitation to the scope of protection of the present application, which will be defined exclusively by the attached claims.
El tornillo (10) es de tipo canulado, de 4.5 mm de diámetro máximo para utilizar una aguja guía de 1.2 mm. El tornillo (10) presenta un alma o caña (12) de 3.5 mm de diámetro, con una longitud de 60 mm. El tornillo (10) tiene una cabeza (14) de 5 mm de diámetro con una muesca hexagonal para hacer avanzar el tornillo (10) de rosca. El tornillo (10) es parcialmente roscado, es decir, presenta un tramo de caña o alma sin roscar (16). El tornillo (10) presenta una pluralidad de secciones o tramos con varios tipos de rosca: uno proximal de rosca pequeña (18), una sección alma sin rosca (16) y un extremo distal con dos tipos de rosca: el más proximal de tipo de "esponjosa” (20) y el distal, con rosca pequeña (22), igual al extremo proximal. Los distintos tipos de rosca permiten un anclaje y compresión óptimos. El tornillo (10) comprende en el extremo una apertura o hendidura (24) en la rosca que permite que el tornillo sea autoperforante/autorroscante. The screw (10) is cannulated type, with a maximum diameter of 4.5 mm to use a 1.2 mm guide needle. The screw (10) has a core or shaft (12) of 3.5 mm in diameter, with a length of 60 mm. The screw (10) has a 5 mm diameter head (14) with a hexagonal notch to advance the threaded screw (10). The screw (10) is partially threaded, that is, it has a section of unthreaded shaft or core (16). The screw (10) has a plurality of sections or sections with various types of thread: a proximal one with a small thread (18), a threadless core section (16) and a distal end with two types of thread: the most proximal type "spongy" (20) and the distal one, with a small thread (22), equal to the proximal end. The different types of threads allow optimal anchorage and compression. The screw (10) includes an opening or slot (24) at the end. ) in the thread that allows the screw to be self-drilling/self-tapping.
Un primer tramo del tornillo comprende: A first section of the screw comprises:
1) Cabeza del tornillo (14): cabeza cilindrica para destornillador hexagonal de tipo Allen de 4.5 mm de diámetro. El diámetro máximo de la cabeza (14) es de 5 mm. 1) Screw head (14): cylindrical head for Allen type hexagonal screwdriver with a diameter of 4.5 mm. The maximum diameter of the head (14) is 5 mm.
2) Sección de rosca (18): esta primera sección roscada (18) tiene una rosca de paso corto, de 0.6 mm entre valle y valle, de perfil cilindrico, con un diámetro máximo de 4.5 mm. Esta primera sección (18) presenta una angulación de las espiras de 30°. Este tramo de rosca (18), en los casos de compresión del fragmento anterior, permite una mayor cantidad de hueso retenido fortificando el volumen óseo sobre la rosca y permite oponerse a las cargas como en el disipar las cargas del hueso esponjoso al interactuar entre la interfase hueso cortical/esponjoso. En los casos de compresión del fragmento posterior, al colocarse el dispositivo roscado en el fragmento óseo, dicha rosca permite avanzar sobre la rosca interna del dispositivo y así generar, una compresión eliminando la posibilidad del estallido del fragmento. 2) Thread section (18): this first threaded section (18) has a short pitch thread, 0.6 mm between valley and valley, with a cylindrical profile, with a maximum diameter of 4.5 mm. This first section (18) has an angulation of the turns of 30°. This section of thread (18), in cases of compression of the anterior fragment, allows a greater amount of retained bone, fortifying the bone volume on the thread and allowing it to oppose the loads such as dissipating the loads of the cancellous bone by interacting between the cortical/cancellous bone interface. In cases of compression of the posterior fragment, when the threaded device is placed in the bone fragment, said thread allows it to advance over the internal thread of the device and thus generate compression, eliminating the possibility of the fragment bursting.
Un segundo tramo (16) del tornillo (10) que comprende: A second section (16) of the screw (10) comprising:
Una primera sección del alma o caña lisa (16), sin rosca, cuyo diámetro corresponde alma del tornillo. Es una transición entre el primer tramo roscado (18) y el segundo tramo con doble rosca. A first section of the soul or smooth shaft (16), without thread, whose diameter corresponds to the soul of the screw. It is a transition between the first threaded section (18) and the second double-threaded section.
Un tercer tramo del tornillo que comprende dos secciones de rosca distinta: A third section of the screw that includes two sections with different threads:
a) Una primera sección de rosca proximal (20), para hueso de tipo de esponjoso, con un diámetro cilíndrico de 4,5 mm, con un paso de rosca con una distancia entre cresta y cresta de 1.5 mm, lo que permitirá la conservación del hueso esponjoso, contribuyendo a la estabilización del sistema de fijación. Esta estructura es especialmente adecuada para transmitir cargas paralelas al eje largo y los diámetros de cresta de las roscas son muy adecuados para cargas paralelas, pero pudiendo absorber las cargas axiales al eje, principalmente debido al mayor volumen de hueso esponjoso retenido y su interacción con los diámetros de cresta del paso de rosca corto proximal y distal. a) A first section of proximal thread (20), for cancellous type bone, with a cylindrical diameter of 4.5 mm, with a thread pitch with a distance between crest and crest of 1.5 mm, which will allow conservation of the cancellous bone, contributing to the stabilization of the fixation system. This structure is especially suitable for transmitting loads parallel to the long axis and the crest diameters of the threads are very suitable for parallel loads, but can absorb axial loads to the axis, mainly due to the greater volume of retained cancellous bone and its interaction with the crest diameters of the proximal and distal short thread pitch.
Eso significa que, cuando el tornillo avanza mediante rotación "en el sentido de las agujas del reloj", la superficie helicoidal de rosca grande se activa únicamente a una corta distancia (1 o más roscas) hacia el extremo proximal del tornillo. El avance óseo se realiza a través por el mecanismo de corte provocado por los filos de corte de avance formados en la base del mecanismo de corte. El valle, conformado por el ápice de dos crestas, conforman una cavidad que recibe así los fragmentos óseos del corte de avance. Las dimensiones de la cavidad están diseñadas para recibir únicamente una capa delgada de fragmentos óseos en su interior. Esto le permite que hueso esponjoso adyacente pase hacia el interior de la cavidad a lo largo de la trayectoria. This means that when the screw is advanced by "clockwise" rotation, the large threaded helical surface is activated only a short distance (1 or more threads) toward the proximal end of the screw. Bone advancement is accomplished through the cutting mechanism caused by the advancing cutting edges formed at the base of the cutting mechanism. The valley, formed by the apex of two ridges, forms a cavity that thus receives the bone fragments from the advance cut. The dimensions of the cavity are designed to receive only a thin layer of bone fragments inside. This allows adjacent cancellous bone to pass into the cavity along the path.
b) Sección de rosca distal (22), es de rosca de tipo cortical, es decir de paso más fino, con un diámetro cilíndrico de 4,5 mm, con un paso de rosca con una distancia entre cresta y cresta de 0.6 mm, lo que permite que, al alcanzar el dispositivo en el segundo fragmento, gracias a su rosca interna, realiza un fenómeno de compresión optima entre ambos fragmentos, evitando la sobretensión y estallido de dicho fragmento. En el mecanismo de corte, desde extremo distal al proximal, el primer paso de rosca, contribuye al avance del tornillo, mientras que los otros mecanismos de corte, más cercanos al extremo proximal, cooperan en la inclusión de fragmentos en el valle de cada paso de rosca. b) Distal thread section (22), it is a cortical type thread, that is, with a finer pitch, with a cylindrical diameter of 4.5 mm, with a thread pitch with a distance between crest and crest of 0.6 mm, which allows, when reaching the device in the second fragment, thanks to its internal thread, it performs an optimal compression phenomenon between both fragments, avoiding overtension and bursting of said fragment. In the cutting mechanism, from the distal to the proximal end, the first thread step contributes to the advancement of the screw, while the other cutting mechanisms, closer to the proximal end, cooperate in the inclusion of fragments in the valley of each step. of thread.
Estas características se combinan para roscas de corte limpio y para mover las virutas a lo largo de la trayectoria de hueso esponjoso, empujándolo hacia el interior de una cavidad. Los filos de los pasos de rosca de avance son afilados y producen un ajuste de precisión dentro de un diámetro interior de un agujero guía pretaladrado, proporcionando una acción de avance cuando el tornillo gira dentro del agujero de guía. Al presentar crestas tan afiladas esto provoca que los fragmentos se desplacen hacia el lado proximal y las roscas de espira grande permitan que sigan el contorno de la cavidad y a lo largo de la trayectoria, se acumulen fragmentos de materia ósea esponjosa que se acumulan en los valles a medida que las roscas avanzan. These features combine to produce clean cutting threads and to move chips along the path of cancellous bone, pushing it into a cavity. The cutting edges of the lead thread pitches are sharp and produce a precision fit within an inner diameter of a pre-drilled pilot hole, providing a advancing action as the screw rotates within the pilot hole. By presenting such sharp ridges, this causes the fragments to move towards the proximal side and the large spiral threads allow them to follow the contour of the cavity and along the trajectory, fragments of spongy bone matter accumulate in the valleys. as the threads advance.
Asociado a dicho mecanismo, esto permite crear un verdadero tornillo autorroscante/autoperforante y permite que las virutas se introduzcan en el interior de las roscas de tornillo a medida que avanza. La materia ósea esponjosa no puede salirse del canal, permitiendo ser atraídas hacia la trayectoria de las roscas y aplastadas contra el hueso circundante. Para su empleo, se taladra previamente un agujero como guía y el tornillo se orienta hacia este. La rosca proximal, la zona de transición y el extremo distal con el paso de rosca grande de esponjosa permanecerán dentro del agujero guía pretaladrado, mientras que la sección de rosca distal, con paso de rosca corto, se alojará en el dispositivo alojado en el fragmento a comprimir. El avance del fijador por rotación en el sentido de las agujas del reloj hace que los filos de corte permitan hacer avanzar gradualmente al dispositivo dentro del hueso esponjoso, empujando el filo a los fragmentos a lo largo de la trayectoria y dentro del valle entre las crestas del paso de rosca grande, lo que permite hacer avanzar el tornillo con muy poco esfuerzo. Esto permite al cirujano una sensación más precisa sobre el progreso del tornillo y el cambio de superficies, por lo que permite detectar y ajustar la compresión/el torque. Associated with said mechanism, this allows the creation of a true self-tapping/self-drilling screw and allows chips to be introduced into the interior of the screw threads as it progresses. Spongy bone material cannot escape from the canal, allowing it to be drawn into the path of the threads and crushed against the surrounding bone. To use it, a hole is previously drilled as a guide and the screw is oriented towards it. The proximal thread, the transition zone and the distal end with the large cancellous thread pitch will remain within the pre-drilled guide hole, while the distal thread section, with the short thread pitch, will be housed in the device housed in the fragment. to compress. Advancement of the fixator by rotation in a clockwise direction causes the cutting edges to gradually advance the device into the cancellous bone, pushing the edge into the fragments along the trajectory and into the valley between the ridges. of the large thread pitch, which allows the screw to be advanced with very little effort. This allows the surgeon a more precise feel for screw progress and changing surfaces, thus allowing compression/torque to be detected and adjusted.
El extremo distal del tonillo define una hendidura (24) de bordes afilados y cortantes para facilitar el corte de hueso durante el avance del tornillo, haciendo que el tornillo sea autorperforante y autorroscante. The distal end of the screw defines a groove (24) with sharp and cutting edges to facilitate the cutting of bone during the advancement of the screw, making the screw self-drilling and self-tapping.
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| US20120029579A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2012-02-02 | Michael Bottlang | Bone screw with multiple thread profiles for far cortical locking and flexible engagement to a bone |
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