ES2637364T3 - Circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- ES2637364T3 ES2637364T3 ES12160406.0T ES12160406T ES2637364T3 ES 2637364 T3 ES2637364 T3 ES 2637364T3 ES 12160406 T ES12160406 T ES 12160406T ES 2637364 T3 ES2637364 T3 ES 2637364T3
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- heat transfer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
- F22B21/22—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
- F22B21/30—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight bent in U-loop form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
- F22B21/40—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes arranged in a comparatively long vertical shaft, i.e. tower boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
- F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/50—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers for draining or expelling water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante (1) que comprende una cámara de combustión (2), en donde la cámara de combustión (2) comprende: - primeras superficies de transferencia de calor (7) que forman al menos una cámara vertical que se extiende desde una parte inferior (5) de la cámara de combustión (2), y - segundas superficies de transferencia de calor (8) que tienen una parte de entrada y una parte de salida, extendiéndose la parte de salida desde una parte superior (6) de la cámara de combustión (2), estando dichas segundas superficies de transferencia de calor (8) fijadas a cámaras verticales (7), caracterizada por que la parte de entrada de las segundas superficies de transferencia de calor (8) se extiende desde la parte superior (6) de la cámara de combustión (2), cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor (8) tiene forma de U, y cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor (8) en forma de U comprende dos partes verticales que se fijan en su extremidad inferior a una cámara vertical (7).A circulating fluidized bed boiler (1) comprising a combustion chamber (2), wherein the combustion chamber (2) comprises: - first heat transfer surfaces (7) forming at least one vertical chamber that extends from a lower part (5) of the combustion chamber (2), and - second heat transfer surfaces (8) having an inlet part and an outlet part, the outlet part extending from a top part (6 ) of the combustion chamber (2), said second heat transfer surfaces (8) being fixed to vertical chambers (7), characterized in that the inlet part of the second heat transfer surfaces (8) extends from the upper part (6) of the combustion chamber (2), each second heat transfer surface (8) is U-shaped, and each second U-shaped heat transfer surface (8) comprises two vertical parts that they look at his limb d lower than a vertical camera (7).
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante.Boiler circulating fluidized bed.
La presente invencion esta relacionada con una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante (CFB), que incluye un reactor, donde se fluidizan las partfculas solidas y donde pueden tener lugar las reacciones qmmicas y/o reacciones de combustion. El regimen fluidizado circulante mejora la mezcla de las partfculas junto con las potenciales reacciones qmmicas exotermicas o endotermicas.The present invention is related to a circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB), which includes a reactor, where solid particles are fluidized and where chemical reactions and / or combustion reactions can take place. The circulating fluidized regime improves the mixing of the particles together with the potential exothermic or endothermic chemical reactions.
El horno de una caldera de lecho fluidizado convencional esta definido por cuatro paredes laterales externas, un fondo y un techo y potencialmente paredes interiores para asegurar la estanqueidad con el exterior si se utilizan multiples rejillas de fluidizacion. Todas las paredes constituyen un recinto hermetico a las cenizas en el que se fluidizan las partfculas solidas que incluye el material combustible.The furnace of a conventional fluidized bed boiler is defined by four external side walls, a bottom and a roof and potentially interior walls to ensure airtightness with the outside if multiple fluidization gratings are used. All the walls constitute an airtight enclosure to the ashes in which the solid particles that include the combustible material are fluidized.
El aire es introducido en el horno para fluidizar las partfculas solidas y tambien aporta el oxfgeno necesario para la combustion. Pueden utilizarse dos corrientes de aire. El aire primario se utiliza principalmente para fluidizar las partfculas, circula a traves de la rejilla fluidizante que constituye el fondo del horno. El aire secundario es el aire adicional requerido para una combustion completa y es introducido a traves de varios orificios situados sobre las paredes laterales externas y/o paredes interiores si el fondo del horno comprende una rejilla de fluidizacion doble y cuya forma se puede describir como una pierna de pantalon.The air is introduced into the furnace to fluidize the solid particles and also provides the oxygen necessary for combustion. Two air currents can be used. The primary air is mainly used to fluidize the particles, it circulates through the fluidizing grid that constitutes the bottom of the furnace. The secondary air is the additional air required for complete combustion and is introduced through several holes located on the outer side walls and / or inner walls if the bottom of the oven comprises a double fluidization grid and the shape of which can be described as a pant leg
El recinto del horno se fabrica generalmente con paneles hermeticos a los gases formados con tubos con aletas. El calor liberado de la combustion del combustible es transferido al agua o vapor que circula dentro de los tubos y tambien permite que los tubos se enfnen. Al aumentar la capacidad de la caldera, la superficie total del recinto del horno no puede adaptarse al calor total liberado de la combustion y tienen que implementarse superficies adicionales bien en el horno y/o bien potencialmente en los dispositivos externos del horno que se suministran con las partfculas solidas que escapan del horno y son recogidas por los ciclones antes de regresar al horno. El aumento de la altura del horno tambien puede considerarse, pero esta solucion no es rentable y puede dar lugar a problemas mecanicos o peores rendimientos.The oven enclosure is generally manufactured with gas-tight panels formed with finned tubes. The heat released from the combustion of the fuel is transferred to the water or steam that circulates inside the tubes and also allows the tubes to cool. By increasing the capacity of the boiler, the total area of the furnace enclosure cannot adapt to the total heat released from combustion and additional surfaces have to be implemented either in the oven and / or potentially in the external oven devices that are supplied with solid particles that escape from the oven and are collected by the cyclones before returning to the oven. The increase in oven height can also be considered, but this solution is not cost effective and can lead to mechanical problems or worse yields.
Pueden implementarse paredes laterales o aleros o paneles en forma de U para aumentar la superficie de calentamiento en el horno. Los aleros se fabrican generalmente de paneles con tubos total o parcialmente aleteados y se disponen en un area vertical. Un colector se situa generalmente en la parte superior del alero y un colector se situa normalmente en el fondo del alero. Los paneles atraviesan la pared lateral vertical del horno con una conexion hermetica a los gases que impide cualquier desplazamiento de los paneles sobre la zona de cruce con la pared lateral. Los paneles tambien cruzan el techo donde se permite un desplazamiento vertical debido a la expansion termica por medio de la junta de expansion.Side walls or eaves or U-shaped panels can be implemented to increase the heating surface in the oven. The eaves are generally made of panels with fully or partially finned tubes and are arranged in a vertical area. A collector is generally located at the top of the eave and a collector is usually located at the bottom of the eave. The panels cross the vertical side wall of the oven with a gas-tight connection that prevents any displacement of the panels over the crossing area with the side wall. The panels also cross the roof where vertical displacement is allowed due to thermal expansion through the expansion joint.
Un panel en forma de U se fabrica de dos paneles con o sin tubos con aletas que se disponen en un plano vertical y que se conectan en una de sus extremidades mediante los tubos para garantizar una trayectoria continua para el fluido. El fluido dentro de los tubos circula hacia abajo a traves del primer panel y circula hacia arriba a traves del segundo panel despues de ser regresado al fondo de la forma en U. Un panel en forma de U normalmente no es drenable debido a la ubicacion de los colectores que estan en la parte superior del panel. Cuando se utiliza un panel en forma de U en el horno CFB, los colectores de entrada y salida pueden situarse por encima del techo de modo que la punta del panel en forma de U sea libre de desplazarse en todas las direcciones horizontales. Un regimen de fluidizacion puede conducir a vibraciones del panel en forma de U que conducen a fallos mecanicas. La magnitud del desplazamiento esta ligada a la altura del panel en U de manera que el riesgo de fallo debido a la vibracion aumenta con la altura del panel en forma de U.A U-shaped panel is made of two panels with or without tubes with fins that are arranged in a vertical plane and that are connected at one of its extremities through the tubes to ensure a continuous path for the fluid. The fluid inside the tubes circulates down through the first panel and flows up through the second panel after being returned to the bottom of the U-shape. A U-shaped panel is normally not drainable due to the location of the collectors that are at the top of the panel. When a U-shaped panel is used in the CFB oven, the inlet and outlet manifolds can be positioned above the ceiling so that the tip of the U-shaped panel is free to move in all horizontal directions. A fluidization regime can lead to U-shaped panel vibrations that lead to mechanical failures. The magnitude of the displacement is linked to the height of the U-panel so that the risk of failure due to vibration increases with the height of the U-shaped panel.
Por lo tanto, un objetivo de la presente invencion es proporcionar una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante para resolver los problemas descritos anteriormente.Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide a circulating fluidized bed boiler to solve the problems described above.
El objetivo mencionado anteriormente se consigue mediante una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante que comprende una camara de combustion que comprende:The above-mentioned objective is achieved by a circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising a combustion chamber comprising:
- primeras superficies de transferencia de calor que forman al menos una camara vertical que se extiende desde una parte inferior de la camara de combustion, y- first heat transfer surfaces that form at least one vertical chamber extending from a lower part of the combustion chamber, and
- segundas superficies de transferencia de calor que tienen una parte de entrada y una parte de salida que se extienden ambas desde una parte superior de la camara de combustion, estando fijadas dichas segundas superficies de transferencia de calor a camaras verticales.- second heat transfer surfaces having an input part and an output part which extend both from an upper part of the combustion chamber, said second heat transfer surfaces being fixed to vertical chambers.
Cada camara vertical se fabrica preferiblemente de paneles hermeticos a los gases formados con tubos con aletas y cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor puede fabricarse de paneles tubulares. De acuerdo con la invencion, cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor tiene forma de U.Each vertical chamber is preferably made of gas-tight panels formed with finned tubes and each second heat transfer surface can be made of tubular panels. According to the invention, each second heat transfer surface is U-shaped.
Estando definida la camara de combustion por las paredes laterales, un techo y un fondo, las primeras superficies de transferencia de calor pueden extenderse desde el fondo o desde las paredes inclinadas que se unen al fondo y lasWith the combustion chamber being defined by the side walls, a roof and a bottom, the first heat transfer surfaces can extend from the bottom or from the inclined walls that join the bottom and the
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segundas superficies de transferencia de calor pueden extenderse desde el techo de la camara de combustion. Las segundas superficies de transferencia de calor podnan extenderse alternativamente desde una parte superior de las paredes laterales. De acuerdo con la invencion, cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor en forma de U comprende dos partes verticales que estan fijadas en su extremo inferior a una camara.Second heat transfer surfaces can extend from the roof of the combustion chamber. The second heat transfer surfaces may alternatively extend from an upper part of the side walls. According to the invention, each second U-shaped heat transfer surface comprises two vertical parts that are fixed at its lower end to a chamber.
Cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor con forma de U puede extenderse hacia abajo al menos el 40% de la altura de la camara de combustion, y preferiblemente entre el 40 y el 70% de la altura de la camara de combustion. Esta alta tasa de extension se hace posible gracias a la estructura de transferencia de calor espedfica de acuerdo con la invencion.Each second U-shaped heat transfer surface may extend down at least 40% of the height of the combustion chamber, and preferably between 40 and 70% of the height of the combustion chamber. This high extension rate is made possible by the specific heat transfer structure according to the invention.
Pueden fijarse varias segundas superficies de transferencia de calor a la misma camara vertical.Several second heat transfer surfaces can be attached to the same vertical chamber.
Cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor puede pasar a traves de la camara.Each second heat transfer surface can pass through the chamber.
La parte de la segunda superficie de transferencia de calor que se situa dentro de la camara comprende preferiblemente al menos una parte doblada.The part of the second heat transfer surface that is located within the chamber preferably comprises at least one bent part.
La segunda superficie de transferencia de calor puede fabricarse de paneles tubulares, entrando y saliendo los tubos de la camara vertical en una direccion paralela a un eje vertical de simetna de la segunda superficie de transferencia de calor (por ejemplo el eje longitudinal en el caso de que la seccion transversal horizontal de la camara vertical sea un rectangulo) y los tubos pueden tener una primera parte doblada en un lado del eje de simetna seguida por una segunda parte doblada en el otro lado del eje de simetna.The second heat transfer surface can be made of tubular panels, the tubes of the vertical chamber entering and leaving in a direction parallel to a vertical axis of symmetry of the second heat transfer surface (for example the longitudinal axis in the case of that the horizontal cross section of the vertical chamber is a rectangle) and the tubes may have a first part bent on one side of the symmetry axis followed by a second part bent on the other side of the axis of symmetry.
La seccion transversal horizontal de la camara vertical puede ser un polfgono (por ejemplo, un rectangulo) o un drculo.The horizontal cross-section of the vertical chamber can be a polygon (for example, a rectangle) or a circle.
Cada segunda superficie de transferencia de calor puede comprender una botella para drenar los condensados durante la puesta en marcha de la caldera.Each second heat transfer surface may comprise a bottle to drain the condensates during boiler start-up.
Otras caractensticas y ventajas de la invencion seran evidentes a partir de la siguiente descripcion y con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, en los que:Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
La Figura 1 es una vista en seccion transversal vertical de una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante de la invencion, La Figura 2 es una vista en seccion vertical parcial de la caldera,Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler of the invention, Figure 2 is a partial vertical sectional view of the boiler,
La Figura 3 es una vista en seccion horizontal parcial de la caldera,Figure 3 is a partial horizontal sectional view of the boiler,
La Figura 4 es una vista en seccion vertical parcial de la caldera,Figure 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of the boiler,
La Figura 5 es una vista en seccion horizontal parcial de la caldera,Figure 5 is a partial horizontal sectional view of the boiler,
La Figura 6 es una vista en seccion horizontal parcial de una primera forma de realizacion,Figure 6 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a first embodiment,
La Figura 7 es una vista en seccion horizontal parcial de una segunda forma de realizacion, y La Figura 8 es una vista en seccion horizontal parcial de una tercera forma de realizacion.Figure 7 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a second embodiment, and Figure 8 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a third embodiment.
La Figura 1 ilustra un reactor de lecho fluidizado que tiene una estructura de ejemplo de acuerdo con la presente invencion. Las partes principales de la caldera 1 son el horno 2 y los separadores de partfculas 3. El horno 2 esta definido por las paredes laterales 4, un fondo 5 y un techo 6. El horno 2 esta provisto de orificios para alimentar combustible y otro material de lecho, Por ejemplo, arena y piedra caliza. El fondo 5 del horno 2 esta provisto de medios para suministrar aire para fluidizar el material de lecho. La parte inferior del horno 2 esta provista tambien de conductos para suministrar aire secundario.Figure 1 illustrates a fluidized bed reactor having an example structure according to the present invention. The main parts of the boiler 1 are the furnace 2 and the particle separators 3. The furnace 2 is defined by the side walls 4, a bottom 5 and a roof 6. The furnace 2 is provided with holes for feeding fuel and other material. of bedding, for example, sand and limestone. The bottom 5 of the oven 2 is provided with means for supplying air to fluidize the bed material. The lower part of the oven 2 is also provided with ducts for supplying secondary air.
Por medio de los suministros de aire a la caldera 1 se mantiene la combustion del combustible. La ceniza y el material de lecho se descargan junto con el aire de fluidizacion y los gases de combustion a traves de los conductos hasta los separadores 3, donde la mayor parte del material solido se separa de los gases de combustion y se regresa a traves de una tubena de retorno a la parte inferior del horno 2.The combustion of the fuel is maintained by means of the air supplies to the boiler 1. The ash and the bed material are discharged together with the fluidizing air and the combustion gases through the ducts to the separators 3, where most of the solid material is separated from the combustion gases and returned through a return pipe to the bottom of the oven 2.
Las paredes laterales 4 del horno pueden formarse de paneles tubulares que constan de tubos con aletas que no se muestran en detalle en la figura. La energfa liberada de la combustion del combustible se utiliza para vaporizar el agua que circula en los tubos de las paredes laterales 4.The side walls 4 of the oven can be formed of tubular panels consisting of finned tubes that are not shown in detail in the figure. The energy released from the combustion of the fuel is used to vaporize the water circulating in the tubes of the side walls 4.
Dentro del horno existen camaras 7, por ejemplo, las camaras estancas a los gases, fabricadas de paredes tubulares que se extienden desde el fondo 5 del horno 2 a la parte superior del mismo. Las paredes de las camaras 7 estan fabricadas de paneles tubulares, cuyos tubos se unen a las tubenas de alimentacion por debajo del horno y las tubenas colectores por encima del horno. Dentro de las camaras 7 hay preferiblemente medios para suministrar aire secundario y combustible a la parte central del horno 2. Las camaras 7 pueden estar separadas de las paredesWithin the oven there are chambers 7, for example, the gas-tight chambers, made of tubular walls that extend from the bottom 5 of the oven 2 to the top thereof. The walls of the chambers 7 are made of tubular panels, the tubes of which are connected to the feeding pipes below the oven and the collecting pipes above the oven. Within the chambers 7 there are preferably means for supplying secondary air and fuel to the central part of the oven 2. The chambers 7 can be separated from the walls
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laterales 4 y dispuestas de forma separada dentro del horno 2, para que el volumen del horno este libre para que las partfculas se muevan incluso en la proximidad de dichas camaras 7.lateral 4 and arranged separately inside the oven 2, so that the volume of the oven is free so that the particles move even in the vicinity of said chambers 7.
Las camaras 7 pueden extenderse desde el fondo 5 del horno 2 o, segun se ilustra en la Figura 1, pueden extenderse desde una pared inclinada de una configuracion de pierna de pantalon, es decir, una configuracion en la que las paredes inclinadas se extienden hacia arriba del fondo 5. El diseno de pierna de pantalon es tfpico para calderas de mayor capacidad ya que permite una mejor penetracion de aire secundario, manteniendo una buena mezcla aire-carbon, asf como una combustion eficiente. La caldera CFB con estructura de pierna de pantalon presenta dos piernas separadas con partfculas solidas fluidizadas mediante suministros de aire primario independientes.The chambers 7 can extend from the bottom 5 of the oven 2 or, as illustrated in Figure 1, they can extend from an inclined wall of a trouser leg configuration, that is, a configuration in which the inclined walls extend towards above the bottom 5. The design of pant leg is typical for boilers of greater capacity since it allows a better penetration of secondary air, maintaining a good air-carbon mixture, as well as an efficient combustion. The CFB boiler with pant leg structure has two separate legs with solid fluidized particles by independent primary air supplies.
Las posibles formas de las camaras 7 se ilustran en la Figura 3. La seccion transversal de las camaras puede ser un rectangulo, un cfrculo o un polfgono.The possible shapes of the cameras 7 are illustrated in Figure 3. The cross-section of the cameras can be a rectangle, a circle or a polygon.
El horno 2 incluye, ademas, paneles 8 en forma de U fabricados de tubos y que son superficies de calentamiento o sobrecalentamiento. Los paneles 8 se soportan mediante colectores situados por encima del techo 6. Ademas, los fondos de los paneles 8 se fijan a las camaras 7. Esta fijacion permite evitar desplazamientos horizontales de la parte del fondo de los paneles 8.The oven 2 also includes U-shaped panels 8 made of tubes and which are heating or overheating surfaces. The panels 8 are supported by collectors located above the roof 6. In addition, the bottoms of the panels 8 are fixed to the chambers 7. This fixing allows to avoid horizontal displacements of the bottom part of the panels 8.
Segun se ilustra en la Figura 2, cada panel 8 con forma de U esta constituido de dos partes en forma de L que se fijan cada una en una pared de una camara 7.As illustrated in Figure 2, each U-shaped panel 8 is constituted of two L-shaped parts that are each fixed to a wall of a chamber 7.
El espacio libre dentro de la caja puede utilizarse para implementar una botella 10 para drenar los condensados durante la puesta en marcha de la caldera. Una tubena de drenaje 11 se ajusta al fondo de la botella 10 para evacuar los condensados (Figura 4).The free space inside the box can be used to implement a bottle 10 to drain the condensates during boiler start-up. A drain pipe 11 fits to the bottom of the bottle 10 to evacuate the condensates (Figure 4).
Cuando el panel 8 en forma de U se fija a la camara 7 en dos zonas diferentes, los tubos del panel 8 pueden doblarse dentro de la caja para compensar la diferencia de expansion termica entre la camara 7 y el panel 8. Segun se ilustra en la Figura 5, los tubos pueden entrar y salir de la camara en una direccion paralela al eje longitudinal del rectangulo, teniendo los tubos una primera parte doblada en un lado del eje longitudinal seguida de una segunda parte doblada en el otro lado del eje longitudinal. Por ejemplo, los tubos pueden tener una parte de entrada que es paralela al eje longitudinal del rectangulo, seguida por una primera parte doblada que se desvfa del eje longitudinal en un lado (por ejemplo, en el lado izquierdo), seguida por una segunda parte doblada que se desvfa del eje longitudinal en el otro lado (en el lado derecho), seguida por una parte de salida que es paralela al eje longitudinal del rectangulo. La parte de entrada y la primera parte doblada pueden situarse en una mitad de la longitud del rectangulo, mientras que la segunda parte doblada y la parte de salida pueden situarse en la otra mitad de la longitud del rectangulo.When the U-shaped panel 8 is fixed to the chamber 7 in two different zones, the tubes of the panel 8 can be folded inside the box to compensate for the difference in thermal expansion between the chamber 7 and the panel 8. As illustrated in Figure 5, the tubes can enter and exit the chamber in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rectangle, the tubes having a first part bent on one side of the longitudinal axis followed by a second part bent on the other side of the longitudinal axis. For example, the tubes may have an inlet part that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rectangle, followed by a first bent part that deviates from the longitudinal axis on one side (for example, on the left side), followed by a second part bent that deviates from the longitudinal axis on the other side (on the right side), followed by an exit part that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rectangle. The input part and the first folded part can be located in one half of the length of the rectangle, while the second bent part and the output part can be located in the other half of the length of the rectangle.
La Figura 6 ilustra una primera forma de realizacion de la caldera 1. En esta forma de realizacion, cada panel 8 esta conectado a una camara 7 junto con un diseno de doble rejilla.Figure 6 illustrates a first embodiment of the boiler 1. In this embodiment, each panel 8 is connected to a chamber 7 together with a double grid design.
De acuerdo con una segunda forma de realizacion, los paneles 8 conectados a las camaras 7 alternan con paneles 9 que no estan conectados a una camara (Figura 7).According to a second embodiment, the panels 8 connected to the cameras 7 alternate with panels 9 that are not connected to a camera (Figure 7).
Segun se ilustra en la Figura 8 y de acuerdo con una tercera forma de realizacion, varios paneles 8 se conectan a cada camara 7.As illustrated in Figure 8 and according to a third embodiment, several panels 8 are connected to each chamber 7.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12160406.0A EP2642199B1 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2012-03-20 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2637364T3 true ES2637364T3 (en) | 2017-10-13 |
Family
ID=48325805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES12160406.0T Active ES2637364T3 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2012-03-20 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2642199B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102052140B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104204666B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2637364T3 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP20171409T1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUE036292T2 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN07826A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX350268B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2642199T3 (en) |
| RS (1) | RS56360B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013140332A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201406404B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104728856B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-03-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Interdigitated electrode structure water-cooled column and the burner hearth with this water-cooled column |
| CN104848230B (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2017-01-25 | 北京四维天拓技术有限公司 | Cyclone incinerator |
| CN106402848B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-08-14 | 大连科林能源工程技术开发有限公司 | A kind of low dust-laden hot wind generating system of coalification industry environment-friendly type large capacity high temperature and pressure |
| CN114811576A (en) * | 2022-05-03 | 2022-07-29 | 浙江大学 | Large-scale CFB double-hearth boiler communication equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI89944C (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-12-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | Method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a reactor with circulating fluidized bed |
| FI105499B (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-08-31 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Process and apparatus in fluidized bed reactor |
| FR2837561B1 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-05-21 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | FLUIDIZED BED BOILER FIREPLACE COMPRISING TWO FLOORS SEPARATED BY A CRACK |
| DE10254780B4 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2005-08-18 | Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh | Continuous steam generator with circulating atmospheric fluidized bed combustion |
| FR2884900B1 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2007-11-30 | Alstom Technology Ltd | FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR WITH DOUBLE WALL EXTENSION |
| CN101818894B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-10-26 | 清华大学 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
-
2012
- 2012-03-20 PL PL12160406T patent/PL2642199T3/en unknown
- 2012-03-20 HU HUE12160406A patent/HUE036292T2/en unknown
- 2012-03-20 RS RS20170918A patent/RS56360B1/en unknown
- 2012-03-20 ES ES12160406.0T patent/ES2637364T3/en active Active
- 2012-03-20 EP EP12160406.0A patent/EP2642199B1/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-03-19 IN IN7826DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN07826A/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 CN CN201380015451.6A patent/CN104204666B/en active Active
- 2013-03-19 WO PCT/IB2013/052166 patent/WO2013140332A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-19 KR KR1020147029016A patent/KR102052140B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-03-19 MX MX2014010477A patent/MX350268B/en active IP Right Grant
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2014
- 2014-09-01 ZA ZA2014/06404A patent/ZA201406404B/en unknown
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2642199T3 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| KR102052140B1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
| MX2014010477A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| KR20140138298A (en) | 2014-12-03 |
| HUE036292T2 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| CN104204666B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
| ZA201406404B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| CN104204666A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
| MX350268B (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| RS56360B1 (en) | 2017-12-29 |
| HRP20171409T1 (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| EP2642199B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
| WO2013140332A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
| EP2642199A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| IN2014DN07826A (en) | 2015-05-15 |
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