ES2636766B1 - System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifying glasses with hemispheres - Google Patents
System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifying glasses with hemispheres Download PDFInfo
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- ES2636766B1 ES2636766B1 ES201600305A ES201600305A ES2636766B1 ES 2636766 B1 ES2636766 B1 ES 2636766B1 ES 201600305 A ES201600305 A ES 201600305A ES 201600305 A ES201600305 A ES 201600305A ES 2636766 B1 ES2636766 B1 ES 2636766B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
El sistema para la concentración de luz, basado en espejos y lupas, permite que un objeto consiga altas temperaturas sólo con la luz de una lámpara (1) que se multiplica en unos espejos (2, 3) que tienen semiesferas (4), -convexas o cóncavas-, en su cara interior. Con estos espejos (2, 3) formamos una caja que, en la cara inferior, en lugar de un espejo, tendrá una lupa (5) con semiesferas (4) también. Una lámpara, situada por el exterior, hará atravesar su luz por una zona de un espejo lateral (3) en donde no formará espejo, y, esta luz, después, se concentrará más allá de la lupa (5) con semiesferas (4), en un foco (F) en donde pondremos el material de trabajo (6) que queremos calentar.The system for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifiers, allows an object to achieve high temperatures only with the light of a lamp (1) that multiplies into mirrors (2, 3) that have hemispheres (4), - convex or concave - on its inner face. With these mirrors (2, 3) we form a box that, on the underside, instead of a mirror, will have a magnifying glass (5) with hemispheres (4) as well. A lamp, located on the outside, will pass through its light through an area of a side mirror (3) where it will not form a mirror, and, this light, later, will be concentrated beyond the magnifying glass (5) with hemispheres (4) , in a spotlight (F) where we will put the work material (6) that we want to heat.
Description
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DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Sistema para la concentración de luz, basado en espejos y lupas con semiesferas.System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifiers with hemispheres.
Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention
El principal objetivo de la presente invención es el de conseguir muy elevadas temperaturas para un objeto, que se formarán por la concentración de la luz de una simple lámpara (1) que habrá atravesado una lupa (5) que tiene semiesferas (4) en sus dos caras. La luz de la lámpara (1), previamente, habrá rebotado y se habrá multiplicado en las múltiples semiesferas (4) convexas y cóncavas de los espejos (2, 3) que forman una caja. Esas luces multiplicadas, se van a dirigir, después, hacia una lupa (5), que las concentrará en un foco, en donde pondremos el objeto o el material de trabajo (6) a calentar. Éstas elevadas temperaturas nos servirán, -entre otras muchas cosas-, para freír piedras, o, grafito, mármol, silicio, cristal; lo que las convertirá en cristales de alta dureza después de un tiempo de estar expuestas a esas elevadas temperaturas.The main objective of the present invention is to achieve very high temperatures for an object, which will be formed by the concentration of the light of a simple lamp (1) that will have passed through a magnifying glass (5) that has hemispheres (4) in its two faces. The lamp light (1), previously, will have bounced and multiplied in the multiple convex and concave hemispheres (4) of the mirrors (2, 3) that form a box. These multiplied lights will then be directed towards a magnifying glass (5), which will concentrate them in a spotlight, where we will put the object or work material (6) to be heated. These high temperatures will help us, among many other things, to fry stones, or, graphite, marble, silicon, glass; which will turn them into high hardness crystals after a time of being exposed to those high temperatures.
Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention
El principal antecedente de mi invención del día (06.04.16), se refiere a las semiesferasThe main antecedent of my invention of the day (06.04.16), refers to the hemispheres
(4) de las que he presentado ya, en invenciones precedentes, en espejos y en lupas. Por ejemplo, en mi patente anterior n° P200503229, titulada: Lámpara de espejos divergentes múltiples, en la que presenté una lámpara que tenía semiesferas convexas en una de sus caras, para que rebotasen en ella, y, se multiplicasen así, los rayos de la luz de la bombilla que les ponía por delante, con lo que se conseguía una iluminación de gran intensidad. En mi otro modelo de utilidad, n° U200201805, titulado: Célula fotovoltaica de lupa múltiple y escalonada en orden decreciente de lupas, presentaba una célula foto- termo-voltaica que tenía microlupas en un cristal, para que concentrasen sus rayos sobre un panel metálico, que así se calentarla mucho más, de manera que la célula termoeléctrica que se pusiera en conexión con el panel metálico, generaría más electricidad que en ausencia de las microlupas. Éstas microlupas son, también, las semiesferas (4) de la lupa que hoy se presenta, o, las que se pueden poner en los espejos (2, 3), en tanto que, en una cara, éstos espejos (2, 3) pueden tener la mitad de las lupas en forma de semiesferas convexas (4), y, en la otra cara, tendrán la otra mitad de esas mismas lupas, en forma de otras semiesferas (4), convexas también. También en mi Patente n° P200401429, titulada: Célula foto-termo-voltaica de efecto invernadero, presentaba en ese año un sistema en el que una campana de cristal con microlupas, concentraba el calor del sol para calentar al máximo una plancha metálica que, se calentaba tanto, por dicho calor concentrado, como por los rayos del sol concentrados por las microlupas.(4) of those that I have already presented, in previous inventions, in mirrors and in magnifying glasses. For example, in my previous patent No. P200503229, entitled: Lamp of multiple divergent mirrors, in which I presented a lamp that had convex hemispheres on one of its faces, so that they bounced on it, and, thus multiplying, the rays of the light of the bulb that put them in front, which was achieved a great intensity lighting. In my other utility model, No. U200201805, entitled: Photovoltaic cell with multiple magnifying glass and stepped in descending order of magnifying glasses, presented a photo-thermo-voltaic cell that had microlupas in a glass, so that they concentrated their rays on a metal panel , so that it would be heated much more, so that the thermoelectric cell that was put in connection with the metal panel, would generate more electricity than in the absence of the microlupas. These microlupas are also the hemispheres (4) of the magnifying glass that is presented today, or, those that can be put in the mirrors (2, 3), while, on one side, these mirrors (2, 3) they can have half of the loupes in the form of convex hemispheres (4), and, on the other side, they will have the other half of those same magnifiers, in the form of other hemispheres (4), convex as well. Also in my Patent No. P200401429, entitled: Photo-thermo-voltaic greenhouse cell, presented in that year a system in which a glass bell with microlupas, concentrated the heat of the sun to heat up a metal plate that, it was heated both by said concentrated heat, and by the sun's rays concentrated by the microlupas.
Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention
El Sistema para la concentración de luz, basado en espejos y lupas, comienza en una lámpara (1) que está situada por el exterior de una caja formada por espejos (2) y (3). La superficie interior de los espejos (2, 3) tiene semiesferas (4) que podrán ser todas convexas, o bien, cóncavas. Los espejos laterales (3) están situados en posición oblicua convergente, y, hacia abajo, de manera que, en la zona inferior, se juntarán con una lupaThe System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifiers, begins in a lamp (1) that is located on the outside of a box formed by mirrors (2) and (3). The interior surface of the mirrors (2, 3) has hemispheres (4) that may all be convex, or concave. The side mirrors (3) are located in a convergent oblique position, and, downwards, so that, in the lower area, they will be joined with a magnifying glass
(5) que tiene semiesferas (4) en sus dos caras. La lupa (5) concentrará la luz que la atraviesa, en un foco (f), en donde ponemos el material de trabajo (6) que queremos someter a elevadas temperaturas. Por lo menos uno de los espejos laterales (3) con semiesferas (4), deberá tener una zona en donde el cristal no formará espejo, lo que permitirá que la luz de la lámpara (1) pueda atravesar el cristal para iluminar el interior de la caja de espejos (2, 3). Las semiesferas (4) de los espejos (2, 3) podrán ser cóncavas o(5) that has hemispheres (4) on both sides. The magnifying glass (5) will concentrate the light that passes through it, in a focus (f), where we put the work material (6) that we want to subject to high temperatures. At least one of the side mirrors (3) with hemispheres (4) must have an area where the glass will not form a mirror, which will allow the lamp light (1) to pass through the glass to illuminate the interior of the mirror box (2, 3). The hemispheres (4) of the mirrors (2, 3) may be concave or
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convexas, según interese. En principio, las semiesferas (4) cóncavas serán las del espejo (2) horizontal superior. Los demás espejos laterales (3) tendrán semiesferas (4) convexas. La lupa (5) podrá admitir tres variantes. En la primera las dos caras tendrán semiesferas (4) convexas. En la segunda variante, las dos caras tendrán semiesferas (4) cóncavas. En la tercera variante, una cara tendrá semiesferas (4) cóncavas, y, la otra tendrá semiesferas (4) convexas. Sólo hay que añadir que, las semiesferas (4), tanto en los espejos (2, 3) como en la lupa (5), en realidad, serán microsemiesferas (4), pudiendo medir un milímetro de diámetro, o, menos aún. De ésta manera, su número se multiplicará por cien en cada centímetro cuadrado, y, el número de rayos de luz que se formará así, será muy grande, y, se formará una luz muy intensa.convex, according to interest. In principle, the concave hemispheres (4) will be those of the upper horizontal mirror (2). The other side mirrors (3) will have convex hemispheres (4). The magnifying glass (5) may accept three variants. In the first, both sides will have convex hemispheres (4). In the second variant, both sides will have concave hemispheres (4). In the third variant, one face will have concave hemispheres (4), and the other will have convex hemispheres (4). We just have to add that, the hemispheres (4), both in the mirrors (2, 3) and in the magnifying glass (5), will actually be microsemispheres (4), being able to measure a millimeter in diameter, or even less. In this way, their number will be multiplied by one hundred in each square centimeter, and, the number of light rays that will be formed in this way, will be very large, and, a very intense light will be formed.
Descripción de las figurasDescription of the figures
Figura n° 1: Vista frontal del sistema formado por una lámpara (1) que envía su luz al interior de una caja formada por espejos (3) con semiesferas (4) convexas en su cara interior. En la zona inferior hay una lupa (5) con semiesferas (4) que concentra la luz en un foco (f), en donde ponemos el material de trabajo (6).Figure 1: Front view of the system formed by a lamp (1) that sends its light inside a box formed by mirrors (3) with convex hemispheres (4) on its inner face. In the lower area there is a magnifying glass (5) with hemispheres (4) that concentrates the light in a focus (f), where we put the work material (6).
Figura n° 2: Vista lateral de una lupa (5) con semiesferas (4).Figure 2: Side view of a magnifying glass (5) with hemispheres (4).
Figuras n° 1-2:Figures 1-2:
1) Lámpara1) Lamp
2) Espejo horizontal superior con semiesferas convexas o cóncavas2) Upper horizontal mirror with convex or concave hemispheres
3) Espejo horizontal lateral con semiesferas convexas o cóncavas3) Horizontal side mirror with convex or concave hemispheres
4) Semiesferas4) hemispheres
5) Lupa con semiesferas convexas, o, cóncavas, o, cóncavas por un lado, y, convexas por el otro5) Magnifying glass with convex hemispheres, or, concave, or, concave on one side, and, convex on the other
6) Material de trabajo6) Work material
Descripción de un modo de realización preferidoDescription of a preferred embodiment
El Sistema para la concentración de luz, basado en espejos y lupas, está caracterizado por elevar la temperatura de un objeto en miles de grados centígrados o tal vez, más; todo dependerá de las dimensiones del sistema. Al hacer que las semiesferas (4) sean muy pequeñas, -por ejemplo, de un solo milímetro-, en cada centímetro cuadrado cabrán cien semiesferas (4). Así, en un espejo (2, 3) de sólo diez centímetros de lado, podrán caber diez mil semiesferas (4), lo que significa que, cada uno de los haces de luz que envíe la lámpara (1), se va a multiplicar, por lo menos, por diez mil, y, digo "por lo menos" porque no sé, exactamente, cuántas ondas de luz puede haber en un milímetro cuadrado, que obviamente, serán muchas más, habida cuenta de que la amplitud de éstas ondas de luz suele ser del orden de (1:10.000.000) metros. Todas estas ondas, rebotarán en todas las semiesferas (4) milimétricas, y, acabarán dirigiéndose hacia las semiesferas (4) de la lupa (5), -también milimétricas-, en donde aún se concentrarán más, antes de cruzarse en el foco (f), situado más allá de la lupa, que será el lugar en donde pondremos el material de trabajo (6) que queremos calentar. En el foco (f), se concentrarán, por lo menos, miles de grados centígrados, con los que podremos calentar materiales diversos, para que se endurezcan mucho mientras se enfrían. De ésta manera, podremos conseguir piedras preciosas, de muy elevada dureza, tal vez mayor que la del diamante, o, por lo menos,The System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifiers, is characterized by raising the temperature of an object by thousands of degrees Celsius or maybe more; Everything will depend on the dimensions of the system. By making the hemispheres (4) very small, for example, of a single millimeter, a hundred hemispheres (4) will fit on each square centimeter. Thus, in a mirror (2, 3) of only ten centimeters on the side, ten thousand hemispheres (4) can fit, which means that, each of the light beams sent by the lamp (1), will multiply At least ten thousand, and I say "at least" because I don't know exactly how many light waves there can be in a square millimeter, which obviously will be many more, given that the amplitude of these waves of light is usually of the order of (1: 10,000,000) meters. All these waves, will bounce in all the hemispheres (4) millimeters, and, will end up heading towards the hemispheres (4) of the magnifying glass (5), -also millimeters-, where they will concentrate more, before crossing in the focus ( f), located beyond the magnifying glass, which will be the place where we will put the work material (6) that we want to heat. In focus (f), at least thousands of degrees Celsius will be concentrated, with which we can heat various materials, so that they harden a lot while they cool. In this way, we can get precious stones, of very high hardness, maybe greater than that of the diamond, or, at least,
igual que la suya. También se podrán conseguir cerámicas muy duras, o, metales, también muy duros, según el material de trabajo (6) que utilicemos en cada ocasión.same as yours. You can also get very hard ceramics, or metals, also very hard, depending on the work material (6) that we use on each occasion.
Claims (5)
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ES201600305A ES2636766B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifying glasses with hemispheres |
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ES201600305A ES2636766B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | System for the concentration of light, based on mirrors and magnifying glasses with hemispheres |
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ES2636766B1 true ES2636766B1 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
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Family Cites Families (5)
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RU2062684C1 (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1996-06-27 | Научно-производственная фирма "МГМ" | Apparatus for light beam working |
GB9216333D0 (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1992-09-16 | Kodak Ltd | Optical means for annular illumination of a spot |
RU2047875C1 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1995-11-10 | Научно-производственная фирма "МГМ" | Device for light-beam treatment |
ES1053078Y (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2003-07-01 | Vila F Javier Porras | PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL OF MULTIPLE AND SCALEED LUPA IN DECREASING ORDER OF LUPAS. |
ES2302419B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2009-05-04 | Fco. Javier Porras Vila | SOLAR GENERATOR OF CONVERGING MIRRORS. |
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