ES2489865B2 - Structure of prefabricated panels for buildings - Google Patents

Structure of prefabricated panels for buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2489865B2
ES2489865B2 ES201330261A ES201330261A ES2489865B2 ES 2489865 B2 ES2489865 B2 ES 2489865B2 ES 201330261 A ES201330261 A ES 201330261A ES 201330261 A ES201330261 A ES 201330261A ES 2489865 B2 ES2489865 B2 ES 2489865B2
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panels
prefabricated
buildings
panel
prefabricated panels
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ES2489865A1 (en
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José Luis CANO MUÑOZ
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Indag S A U
Indag Sau
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Indag S A U
Indag Sau
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • E04B1/483Shear dowels to be embedded in concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

Estructura de paneles prefabricados para edificaciones.#Estructura de paneles (1) prefabricados para edificaciones, que comprende varios paneles (1) de forma prismática, con una cara frontal (13), una posterior (14) y unas caras laterales (15) unidos entre sí, y a los respectivos forjados (2), caracterizada porque los paneles (1) disponen de superficie plana, al menos en la cara lateral superior (15.1), siendo la unión entre éstos y los forjados (2) realizada mediante un zuncho (3) continuo en parte embebido en el panel (1) y con parte de su armadura (4.1) sobresaliente por la cara interna de dicho panel (1), donde esta armadura (4.1) queda atravesada por la armadura (4.2) del forjado (2) y hormigonada junto al mismo del que pasa a formar parte.Structure of prefabricated panels for buildings. # Structure of prefabricated panels (1) for buildings, comprising several panels (1) in a prismatic way, with a front face (13), a rear (14) and joined side faces (15) to each other, and to the respective slabs (2), characterized in that the panels (1) have a flat surface, at least on the upper lateral face (15.1), the union between them and the slabs (2) being made by means of a strap 3) Continuous in part embedded in the panel (1) and with part of its reinforcement (4.1) protruding from the inside of said panel (1), where this reinforcement (4.1) is crossed by the framework (4.2) of the slab (4.2) 2) and concreted next to it of which it becomes part.

Description

2DESCRIPCIÓNEstructura de paneles prefabricados para edificacionesCampo técnico de la invención5La presente invención corresponde al campo técnico delas edificaciones realizadas mediante paneles prefabricados que colocados de forma vertical y unidos entre sí, conforman el apoyo para los forjados de la edificación.10Antecedentes de la InvenciónEn la actualidad existe unatendencia a la construcción prefabricada en la que a pie de obra se realiza el montaje de los elementos previamente realizados en fábrica, obteniéndose un claro beneficio en la reducción de losplazos así como de ladificultadde la construcción, 15gracias a esta alternativa más industrializada.Inicialmente, la opción de la construcción prefabricada de las edificaciones se limitó a latabiquería interior, existiendo casos en los que se ampliaba a los paneles de fachada, pero siempre precisando obras de albañilería, así como de elementos de terminación y anclaje 20entre las piezas prefabricadas, que debían realizarse en obra.Ello seguíasuponiendo que los plazos y los costes no se vieran reducidos de forma significativa.25Asimismo, las construcciones prefabricadas resultaban en sus inicios bastante limitadas, ya que las piezas se fabricaban específicamente para cada proyecto, no aprovechándose la posibilidad de una mayor industrialización de los procesos.Losprocesosde construcción prefabricada hanido evolucionando en este sentido, de 30manera que en la actualidad los componentes de este tipo de edificaciones son una serie de módulos estándar que se unen para formar las dimensiones requeridas.Esto agiliza el proceso de construcción en obra, al reducirse los cortes y ajustes de los mismos.Pueden mencionarse los siguientes documentos existentes en elestado de la técnica, de 35referencia ES2057933-B1 y ES2308866-B1, de los que el propio solicitante es titular. 3El primero de estos documentos, de referencia ES2057933-B1, consiste en un sistema de construcción prefabricada que comprende la asociación de una serie de paneles y elementos de anclaje entre ellos, existiendo dos paneles básicos de las mismas dimensiones, uno de fachada y otrodeinterior, susceptibles de estar dotados de huecos y 5canalizaciones para ventanas, puertas y conducciones internas de viviendas. Dichos paneles son de hormigón armado pretensado, con una armadura interior y con un almenado en su borde superior para la ubicación de las viguetas, habiéndose previsto que dichos paneles en su disposición vertical y superpuesta apoyen directamente unos en otros 10y su unión entresí se realice por medio de anclajes metálicos soldados de configuración en U, ubicados en cajeados rellenos de mortero previstos al efecto en las partes correspondientes de los propios paneles referidos.El segundo documento, de referencia ES2308866-B1, presentauna estructura con paneles 15prefabricados para edificaciones en la que el panel prefabricado es plano sin relieves desde cuya cara interna se prolongan unas cachavas a las que se enfrenta cualquier tipo de forjado, el cual se vincula al panel prefabricado por hormigonado en el sector correspondiente a la ubicación de las cachavas a las que atraviesa previamente una armadura que cosen el panel prefabricado con el forjado, en colaboración con el hormigón 20conformando un zuncho de unión que trabaja a cortadura definido entre el panel prefabricado y la base del forjado.En el primero de los documentos, se trata de una construcción prefabricada que ya supuso en su momento importantes ventajas en los métodos de construcción prefabricada de 25edificaciones dado que resultaba de muy fácil montaje y aportaba numerosas posibilidades constructivas y de mercado al ofrecer la posibilidad de combinar los distintos elementos que se utilizan con sistemas constructivos tradicionales. Asimismo, las construcciones así obtenidas presentan una mayor superficie útil que las tradicionales debido al menor espesor de los paneles.30Además, en este tipo de construcción, en un solo elemento o panel se unifican las dos funciones de cerramiento y panel portante, ahorrándose superficies respecto al cerramiento tradicional, que unido a la desaparición de soportes contribuye a un mayor aprovechamiento en planta, permitiendo un diseño más racional y libre de los espacios interiores de la 35vivienda. 4No obstante, presenta algunos inconvenientes, como es el hecho de queel elemento de unión o apoyo entre el panel y el forjado es diferente dependiendo del tipo de forjado, con lo cual la construcción de los paneles viene condicionada al tipo de forjado, restando libertad a dichos paneles cuya construcción va a depender del forjado que vaya a utilizarse.5El segundo documento presenta una construcción prefabricada que trata de solucionar este problema, mediante paneles planos sin relieves, con unas cachavas que se prolongan desde su cara interna, a la que se enfrenta cualquier tipo de forjado.10Sin embargo, este modo de construcción prefabricada sigue presentando desventajas, como esel hecho de que aunque estos paneles resultan válidospara suunión a cualquier tipo de forjado, es necesario determinar la posición de las cachavas en los mismos en función del tipo de forjadoque vaya a utilizarsey del intereje de las viguetasdel mismo, lo cual viene a dificultar el diseño y la producciónde los paneles, así como la puesta en obra de los 15mismos.Descripción de la invenciónLa estructura de paneles prefabricados para edificaciones, que comprende varios paneles 20de forma prismática, con una cara frontal, una posterior y unas caras laterales, que se encuentran unidos entre sí y unidos a los respectivos forjados que aquí se presenta,está formada porpaneles prefabricados que disponen de superficiesplanaal menos en la cara lateral superior.25La unión entre dichos paneles y los forjados está realizada mediante un zuncho continuo, es decir, que se extiende de lado a lado del panel, en una porción mayoritaria de su ancho, que se encuentra en parte embebido en el panel prefabricado y, con parte de su armadura sobresaliente por la cara interna de dicho panel. Esta armadura queda atravesada por la armadura del forjado y es hormigonada junto al mismo, de manera que pasa a formar parte 30del forjado y genera de este modo al unión entre este y el panel.La unión entre paneles prefabricados está realizada mediante anclajes dispuestos de forma alternada a lo largo del contorno de unión. Estos anclajes quedan conectados entre sí mediante barras de acero dúctil que preferentemente se encuentran soldadas a las placas 35de anclaje. 5Dicha unión entre paneles prefabricados puede comprender unos elementos de conexión enla zona de unión de zunchos de cada panel. Estos elementos de conexión están formados preferentemente por piezas en forma de Z, realizadas en acero dúctil.5Con dichos elementos de conexión se mejorael funcionamiento del sistema constructivo frente al sismoo seísmo.Conla estructura de paneles prefabricados para edificacionesque aquí se propone se obtiene una mejora significativa del estado de la técnica.10Esto es así puesal utilizar unos paneles de caras planas, sin relieves en ninguna de ellas, se mejora la compatibilidad de dichospaneles con cualquier tipo de forjado. Así pues, no se ve condicionada la construcción de los paneles por el tipo de forjadoque se vaya a utilizar, pudiéndose industrializar el proceso con mayor facilidad.15Además, al realizarse la unión de panel y forjado mediante unzuncho continuo este va a presentar un mismo esquema de armado en toda su longitud, sin importar la separación entre viguetas del forjado para la colocación dedicho armado, con lo cual se facilita enormemente el diseño y la producción del panel.20Asimismo, en la unión entre paneles, tanto la utilización de elementos de conexión en la zona de uniónen la parte del zuncho, como la disposición alternada de anclajes unidos por barras de acero dúctil, va a aportar al sistema un mayor grado de ductilidad, permitiendo en caso de sismo que estos elementos trabajen a tracción y disminuya la rigidez de la ménsula 25compuesta por varios paneles, al asimilarse la estructura a ménsulas parciales compuestas por cada panel, presentando de este modoun momento de inercia menor que en el caso de comportarsetodos los paneles como una única ménsula.Por todo esto se obtiene una estructura de paneles prefabricados de construcción y puesta 30en obra sencilla, que supone una reducción en los tiempos y costes del proceso al facilitar la industrialización del mismo en mayor grado que las estructuras existentes en el estado de la técnica. 6Además resulta una estructura mucho más apropiada que las existentes en la actualidad al presentar un mejor comportamientofrente al sismo gracias alaumento de la ductilidad de la misma.Breve descripción de los dibujos5Con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realizaciónpráctica del mismo, se aporta como parte integrante de dicha descripción, una serie de dibujos donde, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:10Las Figuras 1.1 y 1.2.-Muestran respectivamente la sección transversal y la sección longitudinal de un forjado prelosa en su unión con un panel prefabricado, mostrándose en cada Figura la unión para distintos espesores de dicho forjado.15La Figura 2.-Muestrauna secciónde la conexión entre dos paneles prefabricados.Descripcióndetallada de un modo de realización preferente de la invenciónA la vista de las figuras aportadas, puede observarse cómo en un modo de realización 20preferente de la invención,la estructura de paneles 1 prefabricados para edificaciones, de las que comprenden varios paneles 1 de forma prismática, con una cara frontal 13, una posterior 14 y unas caras laterales 15, que se encuentran unidos entre sí y unidos a los forjados 2 que aquí se propone, comprende paneles 1 prefabricados formados por todas sus caras laterales 15 planas.25Como puede observarse en las Figuras 1.1 y 1.2, la unión entre los paneles 1 prefabricados y los forjados 2 se realiza mediante un zuncho3 continuo,que se extiende de lado a lado del panel, en todo el ancho del mismo.En este modo de realización preferente de la invención se consideran forjados 2 prelosa,mostrándose la unión a dos de estos forjados2, 30de distinto espesor cada uno.Un forjado prelosa está compuesto por una lámina de hormigón 9 reforzado con acero corrugado, que contribuye al funcionamiento mecánico del forjado, así como una celosía que forman la armadura 4.3 de los nervios y de bovedillas 8 de poliestireno expandido.Sobre estos elementos y, una vez colocado el mallazo 11 y los negativos10, se procede al hormigonado de la capa de compresión12.35 7Elzuncho 3 queda embebido en parte en el panel 1 prefabricado, quedando a su vez parte de laarmadura 4.1 del zuncho 3 de forma sobresaliente al panel1, por la cara interna del mismo. De este modo, la armadura 4.2 del forjado 2 se coloca atravesada con la armadura 4.1 5sobresaliente del zuncho 3 y se hormigona todo al mismo tiempo, de manera que dicha parte de la armadura 4.1 del zuncho3pasa a formar parte del forjado2, generando de este modo la unión entre panel 1 y forjado2.Como se puede observar en dichas Figuras1.1 y 1.2, el zuncho 3 del panel 1 es igualmente 10válido para cualquier tipo de forjado 2, sea cual sea su espesor y el lado del mismo al que se una. De este modo, en la Figura 1.1donde puede observarse una sección transversal del forjado, se muestra la unión de un panel 1 de fachada con unforjado2prelosa por uno de sus lados, paralelo a las líneas de armaduras en celosía 4.3 del forjado, mientras que en la Figura 1.2,donde puede observarse una sección longitudinal del forjado,se muestra la 15unión de un segundo panel 1 de fachada con un forjado prelosa de espesor inferior al de la Figura 1.1, y al que se une por otro de los lados del mismo, en este caso perpendicular alas líneas de armadura en celosía 4.3.En la Figura 2 puede observarse la unión entre paneles1prefabricados. Esta se realiza 20mediante placas de anclaje 5 que se disponen de forma alterna a lo largodel contorno de cada panel 1 por elque se realiza la unión. Dichas placas de anclaje 5 quedan conectadas mediante barras 6 de acero dúctil que en este modo de realización preferente de la invención están soldadas a dichas placas5.25Para un mejor comportamiento de la estructura frente al sismo, en este modo de realización preferente de la invención y según se muestra en la Figura 2, la unión entre paneles 1 comprende unos elementos de conexión7 formados por piezas de acero en forma de Z.Con la estructura de paneles prefabricados para edificacionesque aquí se presenta,se 30consiguen importantes mejoras respecto al estado de la técnica, tanto desde el punto de vista de la resistencia estructural como desde el de la reducción de plazos y costes tanto de producción como de construcción.Así pues, con el modo de unión entre paneles y forjados mediante un zuncho continuo, se 35consigue que el tipo de forjado a utilizar deje de ser un condicionante en la realización de los 8paneles prefabricados, con lo cual se reducen los plazos de producción de estos y se industrializa en mayor grado el proceso.Asimismo, la unión entre paneles utiliza unos elementos y una forma de disponerlos que reduce la rigidez de la estructura, mejorando de este modo el comportamiento de la misma 5frente al sismo, con lo cual se aumenta el grado de seguridad de la estructura.101520253035   2DESCRIPTION Structure of prefabricated panels for buildings Technical field of the invention5 The present invention corresponds to the technical field of buildings made by prefabricated panels that placed vertically and joined together, form the support for the floors of the building.10 Background of the Invention There is currently a trend to the prefabricated construction in which the assembly of the elements previously made in the factory is carried out on site, obtaining a clear benefit in the reduction of the deadlines as well as the construction difficulty, thanks to this more industrialized alternative. Initially, the option of the prefabricated construction of the buildings was limited to the interior laundromat, there were cases in which it was extended to the facade panels, but always requiring masonry works, as well as termination and anchoring elements between the prefabricated parts, which should They were to be carried out on site.The assumption continued that the deadlines and costs were not significantly reduced.25 Likewise, the prefabricated buildings resulted in their rather limited beginnings, since the pieces were manufactured specifically for each project, not taking advantage of the possibility of greater industrialization of the processes. The prefabricated construction processes have evolved in this sense, in a way that currently the components of this type of buildings are a series of standard modules that join to form the required dimensions. This speeds up the construction process in work, by reducing the cuts and adjustments thereof. The following existing documents can be mentioned in the state of the art, of reference ES2057933-B1 and ES2308866-B1, of which the applicant himself is the owner. 3The first of these documents, reference ES2057933-B1, consists of a prefabricated construction system comprising the association of a series of panels and anchoring elements between them, there being two basic panels of the same dimensions, one of the facade and the other outside, liable to be equipped with holes and channels for windows, doors and internal conduits of houses. Said panels are made of prestressed reinforced concrete, with an internal reinforcement and with a crenellated on its upper edge for the location of the joists, having said that said panels in their vertical and superimposed arrangement directly support each other 10 and their joint entry is made by U-shaped welded metal anchoring means, located in mortar-filled recesses provided for that purpose in the corresponding parts of the referred panels themselves.The second document, reference ES2308866-B1, presents a structure with 15 prefabricated panels for buildings in which the Prefabricated panel is flat without reliefs from whose internal face some cachavas are extended to which any type of slab faces, which is linked to the precast panel by concreting in the sector corresponding to the location of the cachavas that an armor previously crosses that sew the prefabricated panel with the floor, in collaboration with e l concrete 20conforming a connecting strip that works at a defined cut between the prefabricated panel and the base of the slab.In the first of the documents, it is a prefabricated construction that already supposed important advantages in the prefabricated construction methods of 25edifications given that it was very easy to assemble and provided numerous constructive and market possibilities by offering the possibility of combining the different elements that are used with traditional construction systems. Likewise, the constructions thus obtained have a greater useful surface than the traditional ones due to the lower thickness of the panels.30 In addition, in this type of construction, the two functions of enclosure and supporting panel are unified in a single element or panel, saving surfaces with respect to to the traditional enclosure, which together with the disappearance of supports contributes to a greater use in plant, allowing a more rational and free design of the interior spaces of the housing. 4 However, it has some drawbacks, such as the fact that the joint or support element between the panel and the slab is different depending on the type of slab, whereby the construction of the panels is conditional on the type of slab, subtracting freedom from These panels whose construction is going to depend on the slab to be used.5 The second document presents a prefabricated construction that tries to solve this problem, using flat panels without reliefs, with cachavas that extend from its internal face, which faces any type of slab.10 However, this prefabricated construction mode continues to have disadvantages, as is the fact that although these panels are valid for joining to any type of slab, it is necessary to determine the position of the cachavas in the same depending on the type of Forged to be used and of the joists of the joists of the same, which makes it difficult to design and produce uction of the panels, as well as the commissioning of the 15 themselves.Description of the inventionThe structure of prefabricated panels for buildings, comprising several prismatic panels 20, with a front face, a back and side faces, which are joined between yes and together with the respective slabs presented here, it is formed by prefabricated panels that have flat surfaces at least on the upper side face.25 The connection between said panels and the slabs is made by a continuous strip, that is, it extends sideways next to the panel, in a majority portion of its width, which is partly embedded in the prefabricated panel and, with part of its reinforcement protruding from the inner face of said panel. This reinforcement is traversed by the framework of the slab and is concreted next to it, so that it becomes part of the slab and thus generates the joint between it and the panel.The union between prefabricated panels is made by anchors arranged in a way alternated along the joint contour. These anchors are connected to each other by ductile steel bars that are preferably welded to the anchor plates. 5 Said joint between prefabricated panels may comprise connection elements in the zone of junction of each panel. These connection elements are preferably formed by Z-shaped pieces, made of ductile steel.5 With these connection elements the operation of the construction system against the earthquake or earthquake is improved.With the structure of prefabricated building panels that are proposed here a significant improvement is obtained of the state of the art.10 This is thus when using flat-sided panels, without reliefs in any of them, the compatibility of said panels with any type of floor is improved. Thus, the construction of the panels is not conditioned by the type of slab that is to be used, and the process can be industrialized more easily.15 In addition, when the panel and forged joint is made using a continuous cuff, this will present the same scheme of assembly in its entire length, regardless of the separation between joists of the slab for the placement of said reinforcement, which greatly facilitates the design and production of the panel.20 Likewise, in the connection between panels, both the use of connecting elements in the junction zone in the part of the zuncho, as the alternate arrangement of anchors joined by ductile steel bars, it will contribute to the system a greater degree of ductility, allowing in case of earthquake that these elements work under tension and decrease the rigidity of the bracket 25 composed of several panels, assimilating the structure to partial brackets composed of each panel, thus presenting a moment of less inertia than in the case of behaving all the panels as a single corbel. For all this a structure of prefabricated panels of construction and installation in simple work is obtained, which implies a reduction in the times and costs of the process by facilitating the industrialization of the same to a greater degree than the existing structures in the state of the art. 6In addition, it is a much more appropriate structure than those currently in existence when presenting a better behavior in front of the earthquake thanks to the increase in the ductility of the same. Brief description of the drawings5 In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to A preferred example of practical realization thereof, is provided as an integral part of said description, a series of drawings where, for illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented: 10 Figures 1.1 and 1.2.-They show respectively the cross section and the longitudinal section of a pre-slab floor at its junction with a prefabricated panel, showing in each Figure the joint for different thicknesses of said slab.15 Figure 2.- Shows a section of the connection between two prefabricated panels. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the In view of the figures provided, it can be seen how in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the structure of prefabricated panels 1 for buildings, comprising several panels 1 prismatically, with a front face 13, a back 14 and side faces 15, which are joined together and together with the slabs 2 proposed here, it comprises prefabricated panels 1 formed by all its flat side faces 15. As can be seen in Figures 1.1 and 1.2, the connection between the prefabricated panels 1 and the slabs 2 is carried out by means of a strip 3 continuous, which extends from side to side of the panel, along its entire width.In this preferred embodiment of the invention, 2 slabs are considered slabs, showing the union of two of these slabs2, 30 of different thickness each. precast slab is composed of a concrete sheet 9 reinforced with corrugated steel, which contributes to the mechanical operation of the slab, as well as a lattice forming the reinforcement 4.3 of the ribs and vaults 8 of expanded polystyrene.On these elements and, once the mesh 11 and the negatives10 have been placed, the compression layer is concreted12.35 7 Elzuncho 3 is partly embedded in the prefabricated panel 1, while part of the armature 4.1 of the strap 3 is protruding from the panel 1, on the inner side thereof. In this way, the reinforcement 4.2 of the floor 2 is placed crossed with the reinforcement 4.1 5 overhang of the strip 3 and is concreted all at the same time, so that said part of the reinforcement 4.1 of the strip 3 becomes part of the floor 2, thereby generating the junction between panel 1 and floor slab 2. As can be seen in these Figures 1.1 and 1.2, the strip 3 of panel 1 is equally valid for any type of floor slab 2, regardless of its thickness and the side of it to which it is attached. . Thus, in Figure 1.1 where a cross section of the slab can be seen, the union of a facade panel 1 with unforgettable 2 is shown on one side, parallel to the lattice reinforcement lines 4.3 of the slab, while in Figure 1.2, where a longitudinal section of the slab can be seen, shows the junction of a second facade panel 1 with a pre-slab floor of thickness less than that of Figure 1.1, and to which it joins on another side thereof, in this case perpendicular to the lattice reinforcement lines 4.3. Figure 2 shows the connection between prefabricated panels1. This is done by means of anchor plates 5 that are arranged alternately along the contour of each panel 1 by which the joint is made. Said anchor plates 5 are connected by ductile steel rods 6 which in this preferred embodiment of the invention are welded to said plates.5.25 For a better structure behavior against the earthquake, in this preferred embodiment of the invention and as shown in Figure 2, the joint between panels 1 comprises connection elements7 formed by Z-shaped steel pieces. With the structure of prefabricated building panels presented here, significant improvements are achieved with respect to the state of the art , both from the point of view of structural strength and from the reduction of terms and costs of both production and construction. Thus, with the mode of joining between panels and slabs by means of a continuous strip, the type is achieved Forged to use cease to be a conditioner in the realization of 8 prefabricated panels, which reduce the production times of these and the process is industrialized to a greater extent. Also, the union between panels uses elements and a way of arranging them that reduces the rigidity of the structure, thus improving the behavior of the same in front of the earthquake, which increases the degree of security of the structure. 101520253035  

Claims (1)

9REIVINDICACIONES1-Estructura de paneles (1) prefabricados para edificaciones, que comprende varios paneles(1)de forma prismática, con una cara frontal (13), una posterior (14) y unas caras laterales (15), unidos entre síy unidos a los respectivos forjados(2), caracterizada por que5los paneles (1) prefabricados disponen de superficie plana almenos en la cara lateral superior(15.1),siendola unión entre dichos paneles (1) y los forjados (2) realizada mediante un zuncho(3)continuo que se encuentra en parte embebido en el panel (1) prefabricado y que presenta parte de su armadura (4.1) sobresaliente por la cara interna de dicho panel(1), donde esta armadura(4.1)queda atravesada por la armadura (4.2) del forjado(2) y 10hormigonada junto al mismo delque pasa a formar parte, y donde la unión entre paneles (1) prefabricados está realizada mediante anclajes (5) dispuestos de forma alternada a lo largo del contorno de unión, conectados entre sí mediante barras (6) de acero dúctil.2-Estructura de paneles (1) prefabricados para edificaciones, según la reivindicación 1, 15caracterizada por que la unión entre paneles(1)prefabricados comprende en la zona de unión del zuncho (3) de cada panel(1), unos elementos de conexión (7) entre ambos.3-Estructura depaneles (1) prefabricados para edificaciones, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizada por que los elementos de conexión (7) están formados por piezas en forma 20de Z, realizadas en acero dúctil.4-Estructura de paneles (1)prefabricados para edificaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que las barras (6) de acero dúctil de conexión entre los anclajes (5) de unión entre paneles(1)prefabricados se encuentran 25soldadas a las placas de anclaje(5).5-Estructura de paneles (1) prefabricados para edificaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que los paneles (1) prefabricados disponen de superficies planas en todas sus caras laterales (15).30 CLAIMS 1- Structure of prefabricated panels (1) for buildings, comprising several panels (1) in a prismatic shape, with a front face (13), a rear face (14) and some lateral faces (15), joined together and joined to the respective floors (2), characterized in that the prefabricated panels (1) have a flat surface at least on the upper side face (15.1), the connection between said panels (1) and the floors (2) being made by means of a continuous band (3) which is partly embedded in the prefabricated panel (1) and which presents part of its armor (4.1) protruding from the internal face of said panel (1), where this armor (4.1) is traversed by the armor (4.2) of the slab (2) and concrete 10 next to it, of which it becomes part, and where the connection between prefabricated panels (1) is made by anchors (5) arranged alternately along the joint contour, connected to each other by bars ( 6) Ductile Steel. 2-Structure prefabricated panels (1) for buildings, according to claim 1, 15 characterized in that the union between prefabricated panels (1) comprises, in the joining area of the hoop (3) of each panel (1), connecting elements (7) between both. 3-Prefabricated panel structure (1) for buildings, according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection elements (7) are made up of Z-shaped pieces, made of ductile steel. 4-Panel structure (1) prefabricated buildings for buildings, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ductile steel connection bars (6) between the precast panels (1) joining anchors (5) are welded to the anchor plates (5). 5-Structure of prefabricated panels (1) for buildings, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated panels (1) have flat surfaces on all their lateral faces (15) .30
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