ES2405954A2 - System of prefabrication of modular housing "ecoefficient" (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

System of prefabrication of modular housing "ecoefficient" (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2405954A2
ES2405954A2 ES201101303A ES201101303A ES2405954A2 ES 2405954 A2 ES2405954 A2 ES 2405954A2 ES 201101303 A ES201101303 A ES 201101303A ES 201101303 A ES201101303 A ES 201101303A ES 2405954 A2 ES2405954 A2 ES 2405954A2
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slabs
panels
houses
construction
multilayer
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ES2405954R1 (en
ES2405954B1 (en
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Tomás LEMUS PADRÓN
Francisco Javier SÁIZ DE LEÓN
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Mechanized system for the prefabrication and construction of houses and buildings "eco-efficient", by means of panels and slabs, consisting basically of the composition of the house or building with wall panels (7), and slabs (8), to execute the works of construction mainly in a mechanized housing factory. The foundation concludes in a floor with the assembly of slabs, continuing with the placement of panels and slabs, joining by mechanical anchoring through metal connectors, composites and fibers of recycled material (1) faced until the total conformation of the house or building, giving way to the finishing stage, several different sizes of houses, panels and slabs are available for possible typification. The transfer of the elements from the factory to the work is done with semi-trailer or truck, and its assembly is executed with tower and/or mobile crane. The multi-layer panels and slabs contain, in addition to the connectors and the mesh, all the technical installations of the house. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones "Ecoeficientes", mediante paneles y losas. Objeto de la invención Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings "Eco-efficient", through panels and slabs. Object of the invention

La invención se refiere a un sistema mecanizado y estandarizado para el sector de la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones "Ecoeficientes" mediante paneles y losas, ejecutadas en fábrica, cuyo principal objetivo es alcanzar la industrialización y estandarización de la construcción para hacer más asequible la compra de una vivienda, así como la preservación medioambiental mediante una alta eficiencia energética, sistema integrado de captación y acumulación de energía además del reciclado de materiales para su fabricación y de la gestión de residuos provenientes de su utilización. Antecedentes de la invención The invention relates to a mechanized and standardized system for the "Eco-efficient" housing and building construction sector through panels and slabs, executed at the factory, whose main objective is to achieve the industrialization and standardization of the construction to make the purchase more affordable of a house, as well as the preservation of the environment through high energy efficiency, an integrated system of energy collection and accumulation, as well as the recycling of materials for its manufacture and the management of waste from its use. Background of the invention

Actualmente, en la construcción de viviendas de forma tradicional, que es la mas usada, después de realizar la cimentación se encofra y desencofra para levantar los pilares, se colocan los bloques de hormigón uno a uno para formar las paredes exteriores e interiores, se vuelve a encofrar y desencofrar para obtener los techos y así sucesivamente. Este sistema tiene como inconveniente la lentitud en el trabajo, la generación de gran cantidad de residuos en la obra y el empleo elevado de mano de obra. Todo esto provoca que se incrementen los costos y plazos en la edificación. Currently, in the construction of houses in a traditional way, which is the most used, after making the foundation it forms and unclogs to lift the pillars, the concrete blocks are placed one by one to form the exterior and interior walls, it becomes to form and form to get the roofs and so on. This system has the disadvantage of slow work, the generation of large amounts of waste in the work and high employment of labor. All this causes the costs and deadlines in the building to be increased.

Otros sistemas utilizados en la construcción de viviendas están basados en los perfiles metálicos, que constituyen la estructura de la edificación siendo necesarios perfiles de gran calibre, para soportar las cargas y diseños que requieren una compleja y alta mecanización en las fábricas; a continuación se colocan los bloques de hormigón manualmente para formar las paredes exteriores e interiores. Este sistema también es lento, genera gran cantidad de residuos y adicionalmente precisa la utilización de personal de alta cualificación, resultando el encarecimiento de la vivienda. Other systems used in the construction of houses are based on the metal profiles, which constitute the structure of the building, being necessary large profiles, to support the loads and designs that require a complex and high mechanization in the factories; The concrete blocks are then placed manually to form the exterior and interior walls. This system is also slow, generates a large amount of waste and additionally requires the use of highly qualified personnel, resulting in higher housing costs.

Actualmente en la construcción de viviendas se utilizan limitadamente los avances que tiene el sector en cuanto a métodos constructivos se refiere, lo mismo sucede con la mecanización de los trabajos, que solamente se mejoran las operaciones manuales y la edificación de viviendas requiere, un vuelco en todo el proceso constructivo desde su diseño hasta la entrega de la llave. Currently, in the construction of houses the advances that the sector has in terms of construction methods are limited, the same happens with the mechanization of the works, which only improve manual operations and the construction of houses requires, a turnaround in The entire construction process from its design to the delivery of the key.

El problema técnico planteado en la construcción de viviendas, es la demora en la ejecución de las obras y la cantidad excesiva de mano de obra empleada, por ser un proceso productivo principalmente manual. The technical problem posed in the construction of houses is the delay in the execution of the works and the excessive amount of labor used, as it is a mainly manual production process.

Las empresas que se dedican a la fabricación de los materiales de construcción, emplean grandes recursos en la mecanización y automatización industrial para la producción de esos materiales, pero las empresas constructoras que se dedican al diseño y la ejecución de las obras no han avanzado lo mismo. The companies that are dedicated to the manufacture of the construction materials, use great resources in the mechanization and industrial automation for the production of those materials, but the construction companies that are dedicated to the design and execution of the works have not advanced the same .

Descripción de la invención Description of the invention

El sistema que se propone con la invención viene a dar solución a los inconvenientes que refería anteriormente, ya que cuando se concluye la etapa inicial de cimentación de la edificación, se encuentran terminados y listos en fábrica los paneles y losas que conforman paredes, pisos o techos enteros, necesitando muy pocos elementos para conformar una vivienda y solo se trata de trasladarlos de la fábrica al emplazamiento de la obra y montarlos, lo que se realiza con gran rapidez no generándo prácticamente residuos, menor utilización de personal en la obra y el ahorro de materiales de construcción, reduciéndose sustancialmente el costo y los plazos de ejecución. Las conducciones de las instalaciones eléctricas, comunicaciones, telefonía, agua, calefacción, aire acondicionado, cercos de ventanas y puertas van incorporados a los paneles multicapas desde el momento de su elaboración en fábrica. The system proposed with the invention comes to solve the problems mentioned above, since when the initial stage of foundation of the building is completed, the panels and slabs that make up walls, floors or floors are finished and ready in the factory whole roofs, needing very few elements to form a house and it is only about moving them from the factory to the construction site and assembling them, which is done very quickly not generating practically waste, less use of personnel in the work and saving of construction materials, substantially reducing the cost and execution times. The conduits of the electrical installations, communications, telephony, water, heating, air conditioning, window fences and doors are incorporated into the multilayer panels from the moment they are manufactured at the factory.

El desarrollo del sistema que proponemos se ejecuta básicamente en fábrica, lo que permite la mecanización y automatización, consiguiendo que aproximadamente el 90% de los trabajos en la construcción de viviendas se realice en una industria, mejorando la eficacia, la calidad, el ahorro de materiales, la mano de obra y, sobre todo, las condiciones de trabajo y seguridad del personal de la construcción, con lo cual se garantiza la reducción de tiempos y plazos en la ejecución de las viviendas o edificaciones. Consiguiendo con este sistema un altísimo estándar de calidad en su terminación. The development of the system that we propose is basically executed at the factory, which allows mechanization and automation, achieving that approximately 90% of the work in the construction of houses is carried out in an industry, improving efficiency, quality, saving materials, labor and, above all, the working conditions and safety of construction personnel, which guarantees the reduction of times and deadlines in the execution of homes or buildings. Achieving with this system a very high standard of quality in its completion.

El objetivo de la presente invención es solucionar la problemática de la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, así como la preservación medioambiental mediante una alta eficiencia energética, sistema integrado de captación y acumulación de energía además del reciclado de materiales para su fabricación y de la gestión de residuos provenientes de su utilización. The objective of the present invention is to solve the problem of housing and building construction, as well as environmental preservation through high energy efficiency, integrated energy collection and accumulation system, as well as the recycling of materials for their manufacture and the management of waste from its use.

Las paredes y losas están diseñadas en diversas dimensiones y formas, permitiendo obtener diferentes soluciones de fachadas y de espacios interiores, logrando con pocos elementos completar una vivienda. The walls and slabs are designed in different dimensions and shapes, allowing to obtain different solutions of facades and interior spaces, achieving with few elements to complete a house.

Se pueden modificar dentro de determinados parámetros, conservando la esencia del sistema y lograr la versatilidad en las soluciones estéticas y espaciales que requieren las modernas construcciones. Breve descripción de los dibujos They can be modified within certain parameters, preserving the essence of the system and achieving versatility in the aesthetic and spatial solutions that modern constructions require. Brief description of the drawings

Figura 1, muestra en perspectiva un panel entero multiestrato, con el que se conforman las paredes de las viviendas del edificio. Figura 2, muestra en perspectiva una losa entera multiestrato, con la que se conforman los pisos y techos de la vivienda o edificio. Figura 3, muestra en perspectiva el despiece tipo de un panel o losa. Figura 4, muestra en perspectiva un panel o losa terminado. Figura 5, muestra en perspectiva el montaje de dos paneles con una losa. Figura 6, muestra en perspectiva la sección de detalle de los paneles montados entre si con el detalle de su multicapas. Figura 7, muestra el detalle en planta de la solución de montaje de paneles. Figure 1 shows in perspective an entire multi-layer panel, with which the walls of the houses of the building. Figure 2, shows in perspective a whole multi-layer slab, with which the floors and ceilings of the house or building. Figure 3, shows in perspective the exploded type of a panel or slab. Figure 4 shows a finished panel or slab in perspective. Figure 5 shows in perspective the assembly of two panels with a slab. Figure 6 shows in perspective the detail section of the panels mounted together with the detail of its multilayers. Figure 7 shows the plan detail of the panel mounting solution.

Figura 8, muestra el detalle en planta de panel de tabiquería interior. Figura 9, muestran en detalle algunas de las posiciones en que se colocan los conectores que pueden ser metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites para la unión entre las paredes y losas. Figura 10, muestra en perspectiva el montaje de las losas de piso, que forma parte de la solera de cimentación. Figura 11, muestra en perspectiva el proceso de montaje de los paneles de pared y losas en un edificio. Figura 12, muestra en perspectiva el edificio completamente montado. Figura 13, muestra en planta la ubicación tipo en cuartos técnicos de la "central de almacenamiento energético". Figura 14, muestra en perspectiva el módulo de la "central de almacenamiento energético". Figura 15, muestra en perspectiva el módulo de la "central de almacenamiento energético" con una de las bandejas extraídas y el detalle del conector de la bandeja al módulo y el conector del módulo al sistema general de la vivienda. Figure 8 shows the detail of the interior partition panel plan. Figure 9, show in detail some of the positions in which the connectors that are placed they can be metallic, of fibers of recycled material or composites for the union between the walls and slabs. Figure 10 shows in perspective the assembly of the floor slabs, which is part of the floor of foundation. Figure 11, shows in perspective the process of assembling the wall panels and slabs in a building. Figure 12 shows the fully assembled building in perspective. Figure 13 shows the type location in technical rooms of the "central de energy storage. " Figure 14 shows in perspective the module of the "energy storage center". Figure 15 shows in perspective the module of the "energy storage center" with one of the trays removed and the detail of the tray connector to the module and the connector from the module to the general housing system.

Descripción de la forma de realización preferida Description of the preferred embodiment

La figura 1, muestra en perspectiva un panel entero multiestrato con el que se conforman las paredes de las viviendas del edificio. Para mayor claridad se presenta una porción de la parte exterior y otra de la parte interior, con los perfiles estructurales (9), la malla que puede ser metálica soldada de redondo de acero corrugado o de fibra de material reciclado Figure 1 shows in perspective an entire multi-layer panel with which the walls of the houses of the building conform. For clarity, a portion of the outer part and another part of the inner part are presented, with the structural profiles (9), the mesh that can be welded metal round corrugated steel or recycled material fiber

o composites (2) dispuesta en ambos sentidos con el diámetro y dimensionado adecuado a la función a realizar, la cavidad (3) situada en el lugar necesario para ejecutar las conexiones de las instalaciones, las conducciones (4) con sus cajas de electricidad, de comunicaciones, de telefonía, de agua, de calefacción y de aire acondicionado, los cercos de carpintería (5), que según el caso serán de madera, aluminio u otros y el sistema de anclaje de tubo de acero (6) para el transporte y montaje. or composites (2) arranged in both directions with the diameter and dimensioned appropriate to the function to be performed, the cavity (3) located in the place necessary to execute the connections of the facilities, the pipes (4) with their electrical boxes, of communications, telephony, water, heating and air conditioning, the frames of carpentry (5), which according to the case will be wood, aluminum or others and the anchoring system of steel tube (6) for transport and assembly.

La figura 2, muestra una losa (8) multiestrato, con la que se conforman los pisos y techos de la vivienda o edificio. Al igual que en la figura 1 se presenta una porción de la parte exterior y otra de la parte interior con la malla (2). En las figuras 3 y 4 se demuestra el despiece y la conformación de un panel/losa tipo. Mientras que en la figura cinco se muestra un detalle de montaje de estOs. En la figura 9, se detalla la forma como se enfrentan los conectores y algunas de las posiciones en que se colocan los conectores (1) para alcanzar la fijación entre los paneles de pared (7) y las losas (8). Según el diseño que seleccionemos se dispondrá de diferentes tamaños de losas y paneles. Se determina el presupuesto así como los elementos a fabricar, definiendo los distintos moldes, módulos de electricidad, de comunicaciones, de telefonía, de agua, de calefacción, de aire acondicionado, de cercos de puertas, de cercos de ventanas, de conectores. A continuación se puede comenzar en la fábrica la elaboración y preparación de todos los elementos del panel multiestrato y componentes, de acuerdo con el diseño seleccionado. Figure 2 shows a multi-layer slab (8), with which the floors and ceilings of the house or building are formed. As in Figure 1, a portion of the outer part and another of the inner part with the mesh (2) are presented. In figures 3 and 4 the exploded view and the conformation of a panel / slab type is demonstrated. While in figure five a detail of assembly of these are shown. In figure 9, the way in which the connectors face and some of the positions in which the connectors (1) are placed to achieve the fixing between the wall panels (7) and the slabs (8) are detailed. Depending on the design we select, different sizes of slabs and panels will be available. The budget is determined as well as the elements to be manufactured, defining the different molds, modules of electricity, communications, telephony, water, heating, air conditioning, door fences, window fences, connectors. Then, the preparation and preparation of all the multi-layer panel elements and components can be started at the factory, according to the selected design.

Sobre la cimentación de la vivienda o edificio, que dependerá del tipo de suelo, y formando parte de ella se colocan las losas de piso (8) que forman la solera (ver figura 10), donde se asienta la vivienda o edificio, unidas solidariamente por medio de anclaje mecánico entre los conectores que serán metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites (1) para On the foundation of the house or building, which will depend on the type of soil, and as part of it the floor slabs (8) that form the solera are placed (see figure 10), where the house or building sits, united in solidarity by means of mechanical anchoring between the connectors that will be metallic, of fibers of recycled material or composites (1) for

la rigidez del edificio. En esta etapa se tienen en cuenta todas las tuberías hidráulicas, sanitarias y conductores eléctricos que componen la red principal de éstos sistemas. A continuación se inicia el montaje y nivelación de los paneles de pared (7), tanto las paredes exteriores como las interiores soportan las cargas del edificio. The rigidity of the building. At this stage, all the hydraulic, sanitary and electrical conductors that make up the main network of these systems are taken into account. Then the assembly and leveling of the wall panels (7) begins, both the exterior and interior walls support the building loads.

10 Seguidamente se montan las losas. La unión entre los paneles de pared y las losas se ejecuta también a través del anclaje mecánico entre los conectores metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites (1) de las mismas, que están constituidos por perfiles resistentes en "U" (1) que pueden ser metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites (10), los perfiles que serán en esquina o rectos según colocación, se anclarán mecánicamente 15 a los perfiles resistentes del marco estructural de los paneles multicapa (figura 9). Para el movimiento dentro de la fábrica, traslado a la obra y montaje, los paneles y losas cuentan con el sistema de anclaje (6), embebido en el perfil estructural del panel, que será utilizada en todas las operaciones de la obra. El transporte de los paneles y losas desde la fábrica al emplazamiento de la obra, se realiza en remolques según la secuencia de montaje, para lograr 10 Then the slabs are mounted. The connection between the wall panels and the slabs is also executed through the mechanical anchor between the metal connectors, of recycled material fibers or composites (1) thereof, which are constituted by resistant "U" profiles (1) which can be metallic, of fibers of recycled material or composites (10), the profiles that will be in the corner or straight according to placement, will be mechanically anchored to the resistant profiles of the structural framework of the multilayer panels (Figure 9). For movement within the factory, transfer to the work and assembly, the panels and slabs have the anchoring system (6), embedded in the structural profile of the panel, which will be used in all operations of the work. The transport of the panels and slabs from the factory to the construction site, is done in trailers according to the assembly sequence, to achieve

20 el mínimo tiempo de almacenamiento en la obra y utilizar la menor área. El proceso de montaje se muestra en la figura 11, donde se señalan los paneles de pared (7) y losas (8), pudiéndose observar las dimensiones que tienen y los pocos elementos que requiere cada vivienda, así como la secuencia de montaje de estos paneles multicapa, la 12 muestra el edificio concluido dando paso a las terminaciones de obra. 20 the minimum storage time on site and use the smallest area. The assembly process is shown in figure 11, where the wall panels (7) and slabs (8) are indicated, being able to observe the dimensions they have and the few elements that each housing requires, as well as the sequence of assembly of these multilayer panels, the 12 shows the building completed giving way to the completion of work.

Claims (6)

REIVINDICACIONES
1. one.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles (7) y losas (8), caracterizado porque cada espacio de la vivienda o edificio está conformado por paneles y losas multicapa, que se unen entre sí por anclaje mecánico a través de conectores que pueden ser metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites (1), colocados de tal forma que quedan enfrentados para dicha unión por anclaje mecánico, lográndose el conjunto de la vivienda o edificio por la unión mecánica de los paneles y losas multicapa, que soportan todas las cargas de la edificación formando una estructura sólida. Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, through panels (7) and slabs (8), characterized in that each space of the house or building is made up of multilayer panels and slabs, which are joined together by mechanical anchoring through connectors which can be metallic, of fibers of recycled material or composites (1), placed in such a way that they are faced for said union by mechanical anchoring, achieving the whole of the house or building by the mechanical union of the multilayer panels and slabs, which they support all the loads of the building forming a solid structure.
2. 2.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles y losas multicapa, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los conectores (1) para la unión entre los paneles y las losas multicapa, están constituidos por perfiles resistentes en "U", que pueden ser metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites (1). Los perfiles que serán en esquina o rectos según colocación, se anclarán mecánicamente a los perfiles resistentes del marco estructural (9) de los paneles multicapas. Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, by means of panels and multilayer slabs, according to claim 1, characterized in that the connectors (1) for the union between the panels and the multilayer slabs, are constituted by resistant "U" profiles, which they can be metallic, of fibers of recycled material or composites (1). The profiles that will be corner or straight according to placement, will be mechanically anchored to the resistant profiles of the structural frame (9) of the multilayer panels.
3. 3.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles y losas multicapa, según la reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado porque las conducciones de las instalaciones eléctricas, comunicaciones, telefonía, agua, calefacción, aire acondicionado, cercos de ventanas y puertas van incorporados a los paneles multicapa desde el momento de su elaboración en fábrica. Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, by means of multilayer panels and slabs, according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the conduits of the electrical, communications, telephone, water, heating, air conditioning, window and door fences are incorporated to multilayer panels from the moment they are manufactured at the factory.
4. Four.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles y losas multicapa, según la reivindicación 1, 2 Y 3, caracterizado porque estos paneles multicapa están constituidos mediante núcleo resistente de hormigón celular aditivado en el que se embebe perimetralmente perfiles resistentes en "U", más malla resistente, que pueden ser ambos, metálicos, de fibras de material reciclado o composites dimensionados al efecto. A ambos lados del núcleo se conforman capas de revestimiento de aislamiento térmico acústico compuestas por núcleo de eps de alta densidad más láminas de cartón-yeso, fibrocemento, malla textil y morteros. Con distintas terminaciones (figura 3 y 7). Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, by means of multilayer panels and slabs, according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that these multilayer panels are constituted by a resistant core of additive cell concrete in which perimeter profiles are embedded in "U" ", more resistant mesh, which can be both metallic, made of recycled material fibers or composites sized for this purpose. On both sides of the core, layers of acoustic thermal insulation are formed, consisting of a high density eps core plus plasterboard, fiber cement, textile mesh and mortar. With different endings (figure 3 and 7).
5. 5.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles y losas multicapa, según la reivindicación 1, 2, 3 Y 4, caracterizado porque las divisiones interiores no resistentes, se realizarán con paneles multicapas conformados por núcleo de eps de alta densidad mas dos láminas de cartón-yeso (figura 8). Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, by means of multilayer panels and slabs, according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the non-resistant interior divisions will be made with multilayer panels formed by a core of high density eps plus two sheets of plasterboard (figure 8).
6. 6.
Sistema mecanizado para la construcción de viviendas y edificaciones, mediante paneles y losas multicapa, según la reivindicación 1, 2, 3, 4 Y 5, caracterizado porque estas viviendas poseen Instalaciones centralizadas accesibles para un mantenimiento sencillo y eficaz. Con gran escalabilidad en su equipamiento, teniendo la posibilidad de mejorar o completar su sistema energético, disponiendo todas ellas de una "central" de almacenamiento de energía (figura 13, 14 Y 15), accesible al usuario mediante bandejas extraíbles a la que accede a cada célula de energía para sustituirla en caso avería o agotamiento, volviendo a insertar dicha bandeja. La inserción de la bandeja conecta la misma al sistema general Mechanized system for the construction of houses and buildings, using multilayer panels and slabs, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that these houses have accessible centralized facilities for simple and efficient maintenance. With great scalability in its equipment, having the possibility of improving or completing its energy system, all of them having a "central" energy storage (Figure 13, 14 and 15), accessible to the user through removable trays to which you access each energy cell to replace it in case of failure or exhaustion, reinserting said tray. The tray insert connects it to the general system
mediante los conectores ubicados al efecto (12 y 13), siendo accesible esta conexión solo por un técnico cualificado (figura 15). through the connectors located for this purpose (12 and 13), this connection being accessible only by a qualified technician (figure 15). 8 8 Fig.4  Fig. 4   Fig.5  Fig. 5 / / Fig.6  Fig. 6 Fig.7  Fig. 7   Fig.8 Fig. 8 9 9 Fig.9  Fig. 9   Fig.14  Fig. 14   10 11 10 eleven 12---'  12 --- '   13~ 13 ~ Fig.15 Fig. 15
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US1886962A (en) * 1929-02-02 1932-11-08 Roche Heinrich La Building construction
DE1484009A1 (en) * 1964-02-19 1969-06-04 Franz Nogossek House in prefabricated construction, plate-shaped component for the production of this house, intermediate piece for connecting the components and method for producing the house
FR2458643A1 (en) * 1979-06-12 1981-01-02 Lecarou Pierre Prefabricated construction panel for building - has built in network of pipes and tubes and foam filling
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