ES2367610A1 - Anti-hellens system for hortense and fruit products. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Anti-hellens system for hortense and fruit products. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2367610A1 ES2367610A1 ES200901909A ES200901909A ES2367610A1 ES 2367610 A1 ES2367610 A1 ES 2367610A1 ES 200901909 A ES200901909 A ES 200901909A ES 200901909 A ES200901909 A ES 200901909A ES 2367610 A1 ES2367610 A1 ES 2367610A1
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- Prior art keywords
- hot air
- air
- temperature
- booth
- fruit products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000013569 fruit product Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/06—Devices for generating heat, smoke or fog in gardens, orchards or forests, e.g. to prevent damage by frost
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Sistema antiheladas para productos hortenses y frutícolas.Frost system for horticultural products and Fruit growers
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema antiheladas para productos hortenses y frutícolas, cuya evidente finalidad es proteger los cultivos y/o productos que se desarrollan y producen en las fincas, para conseguir un máximo rendimiento de producción.The present invention relates to a system anti-freeze for horticultural and fruit products, whose obvious purpose is to protect the crops and / or products that are developed and produce on farms, to achieve maximum yield of production.
El objeto de la invención es aumentar unos grados la temperatura de una finca y evitar con ello las heladas que se producen durante la noche y por lo tanto la pérdida y/o deterioro de los productos y/o los propios cultivos.The object of the invention is to increase some degrees the temperature of a farm and thereby avoid frost that they occur during the night and therefore the loss and / or deterioration of the products and / or the crops themselves.
De todos es sabido las cuantiosas pérdidas que se producen en cualquier finca debido a la disminución brusca de temperatura que se produce en determinados periodos de tiempo y sobre todo en las horas nocturnas, y cuya disminución de las temperaturas es lo que se conoce como heladas, coincidiendo la mayoría de las veces con el ciclo principal de crecimiento y desarrollo de los productos hortenses y/o frutícolas de las fincas.Everyone knows the large losses that they occur on any farm due to the sharp decrease in temperature that occurs in certain periods of time and especially at night, and whose decrease in temperatures is what is known as frost, coinciding with the most of the time with the main growth cycle and development of horticultural and / or fruit products of farms.
Existen distintos tipos de sistemas mediante los que se intenta evitar la pérdida de productos hortenses y/o frutícolas, como consecuencia de las heladas en determinados periodos invernales e incluso primaverales. Entre los sistemas existentes puede citarse aquel que teniendo por finalidad minimizar las bajas temperaturas o heladas en, por ejemplo, una finca de cultivo, se basa en emitir aire caliente al ambiente, a partir de un quemador situado en la parte inferior de un cañón vertical, de manera que el aire caliente producido en la combustión es canalizado a través del cañón hacia la parte superior de éste, a través de la cual sale, y mediante un molino es impulsado hacia la zona que se desee, dependiendo de la actuación del molino. Es decir, el aire caliente que sale del cañón al ambiente es forzado a circular por la zona que se desee, que se supone es la de la finca en la que se pretenden evitar las heladas.There are different types of systems through that is trying to avoid the loss of horticultural products and / or fruit, as a result of frost in certain winter and even spring periods. Between the systems existing ones can be cited that whose purpose is to minimize low temperatures or frost in, for example, a farm of crop, is based on emitting hot air into the environment, from a burner located at the bottom of a vertical cannon, of so that the hot air produced in combustion is channeled through the canyon to the top of it, through the which comes out, and by means of a mill it is driven towards the area that Desire, depending on the performance of the mill. That is, the air hot that comes out of the barrel into the environment is forced to circulate through the desired area, which is supposed to be that of the farm where They try to avoid frost.
La difusión de ese aire caliente evita las heladas, o al menos minimiza las bajas temperaturas y con ello obviamente las heladas. Ahora bien, este tipo de sistema presenta una serie de inconvenientes y desventajas entre las que se pueden citar como mas significativas las siguientes:The diffusion of that hot air prevents frost, or at least minimizes low temperatures and with it obviously frost. Now this type of system presents a series of disadvantages and disadvantages among which cite as more significant the following:
- --
- Desde el punto de vista económico el sistema anteriormente referido es costoso, puesto que tanto el quemador generador de aire caliente como el motor del molino necesitan para su funcionamiento grandes cantidades de combustible, lo que supone obviamente un gasto económico que en muchas ocasiones, debido a las características de las máquinas empleadas, es excesivo y poco rentable.Since the economic point of view the system referred to above is expensive, since both the hot air generator burner as the mill motor they need large operation amounts of fuel, which obviously means an expense economic than in many occasions, due to the characteristics of The machines used are excessive and not very profitable.
- --
- Desde el punto de vista de medio ambiente, resulta muy ruidoso y contaminante, ya que las características técnicas y constructivas, tanto del quemador como del molino son dispositivos generadores de exceso de ruido, sobre todo el molino, de manera que si se da la circunstancia de que el pleno funcionamiento del sistema se establezca durante la noche, que es lo mas normal, el ruido generado sobre todo por el molino es muy molesto y se oye a distancias considerables.Since the environmental point of view is very loud and pollutant, since the technical and constructive characteristics, both the burner and the mill are generating devices of excess noise, especially the mill, so that if the circumstance that the full operation of the system is set at night, which is the most normal, the noise generated especially because of the mill it is very annoying and is heard at distances considerable.
- --
- Igualmente, desde el punto de vista de contaminación también se ha dicho que es perjudicial, puesto que el propio sistema de generación de aire caliente a través de un quemador que consume combustible, genera CO_{2}, lo que supone cantidades muy a tener en cuenta de contaminación al aire ambiente.Similarly, from the point of view of pollution has also been said to be harmful, since the own hot air generation system through a burner that consumes fuel, generates CO2, which means very much to take into account air pollution ambient.
- --
- También hay que tener en cuenta las condiciones externas en el funcionamiento del sistema, dependiendo en gran medida de un factor muy importante como es el aire ambiente, de manera que en caso de ráfagas o corrientes de aire ambiente considerable, supone una merma muy importante en el rendimiento y eficacia del sistema.We must also take into account the external conditions in the operation of the system, depending largely a very important factor such as ambient air, so that in case of gusts or drafts of ambient air considerable, it is a very important decrease in performance and system efficiency
- --
- Por último decir que el reparto de aire en toda la finca no es igual ni uniforme, por lo que los productos situados muy próximos al cañón reciben grandes cantidades de aire caliente, mientras que los puntos mas alejados no disponen del suficiente aire como para contrarrestar las heladas.By last to say that the distribution of air throughout the farm is not the same nor uniform, so the products located very close to the canyon they receive large amounts of hot air while the points farther away they don't have enough air to counteract the frosts.
El sistema que se preconiza ha sido concebido para resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, y está previsto para evitar en lo posible las drásticas bajadas de temperatura, con objeto de conseguir un buen desarrollo y conservación de los productos, con un costo económico bajo, fácil implantación y sencillez estructural.The system that is recommended has been conceived to solve the problem described above, and is planned to avoid as far as possible the drastic drops of temperature, in order to achieve a good development and product conservation, with a low, easy economic cost implementation and structural simplicity.
Debe tenerse en cuenta que mediante el sistema de la invención no se pretende conseguir una elevación grande de la temperatura, sino evitar las heladas que se producen normalmente a temperaturas de 0ºC o por debajo de este valor. Es decir, mediante el sistema de la invención lo que se pretende es evitar que se produzcan esos 0ºC (o menos), consiguiendo una temperatura en la finca entre 2ºC y 6ºC, lo suficiente para evitar el deterioro de los productos hortenses y/o frutícolas.It should be noted that through the system of the invention it is not intended to achieve a large elevation of the temperature, but avoid frosts that normally occur at temperatures of 0 ° C or below this value. That is, by The system of the invention is intended to prevent produce those 0ºC (or less), getting a temperature in the farm between 2ºC and 6ºC, enough to prevent the deterioration of horticultural and / or fruit products.
Más concretamente, el sistema en cuestión se basa en la instalación de unos paneles solares mediante los que se consigue una energía térmica para calentamiento de un volumen de agua almacenado en un pozo, preferentemente enterrado bajo rasante, de manera tal que dicha agua caliente se hace circular a través de un circuito de aerotermos, generando con ello una cantidad considerable de aire caliente que ocupa el volumen de una caseta, desde la cual el aire caliente es transportado por un conjunto de turbinas hacia un colector de distribución de aire caliente, previo paso por una válvula mezcladora, desde cuyo colector parten diversos circuitos de tuberías, enterrados o al aire, para alimentación de una pluralidad de difusores verticales, encargados de difundir y dispersar uniformemente el aire caliente por la zona cuya temperatura se pretende mantener entre 2ºC y 6ºC, para evitar la congelación o deterioro de los productos que se cultivan en esa zona.More specifically, the system in question is based on the installation of solar panels by means of which achieves a thermal energy for heating a volume of water stored in a well, preferably buried under ground level, such that said hot water is circulated through a circuit of air heaters, thereby generating a quantity considerable hot air that occupies the volume of a booth, from which the hot air is transported by a set of turbines to a hot air distribution manifold, prior pass through a mixing valve, from whose manifold they start different pipe circuits, buried or in air, for feeding a plurality of vertical diffusers, responsible for spreading and uniformly disperse hot air through the area whose temperature is intended to be maintained between 2ºC and 6ºC, to avoid freezing or deterioration of the products grown in that zone.
El sistema determinado por los paneles solares, pozo de almacenamiento de agua caliente, aerotermos, caseta y circuito de distribución de aire caliente, se complementa con una serie de dispositivos de control, que corresponden a una sonda de temperatura del circuito primario de los paneles solares, para el gobierno de la correspondiente bomba de circulación del primario solar a través de la centralita de control.The system determined by solar panels, hot water storage well, air heaters, booth and hot air distribution circuit, is complemented by a series of control devices, corresponding to a probe primary circuit temperature of solar panels, for the government of the corresponding primary circulation pump solar through the control unit.
También se incluye una sonda de temperatura de impulsión del aire caliente a la salida del colector, y una sonda de temperatura del aire ambiente, que es la que inicia el comienzo del proceso cuando existe riesgo de heladas, de manera que esta sonda de temperatura ambiente combinada con la sonda de temperatura de impulsión del aire, permiten regular la apertura o cierre de la válvula mezcladora.A temperature probe is also included. supply of hot air to the outlet of the collector, and a probe of ambient air temperature, which is what starts the beginning of process when there is a risk of frost, so that this probe ambient temperature combined with the temperature probe air supply, allow to regulate the opening or closing of the mixing valve
También se incluye una sonda de temperatura del interior de la caseta de almacenamiento del aire caliente, de manera que el diferencial resultante de la temperatura de la caseta y de la temperatura ambiente, es la que determina la temperatura de impulsión del aire.A temperature probe is also included. inside the hot air storage booth, so that the differential resulting from the temperature of the booth and the ambient temperature is what determines the temperature of air drive.
También se incluye un presostato que mide en todo momento la presión del aire en el interior de la caseta, actuando sobre los aerotermos desconectándolos/conectándolos de forma escalonada ante una subida excesiva de la presión de la caseta.Also included is a pressure switch that measures in at all times the air pressure inside the house, acting on the air heaters by disconnecting / connecting them from staggered form before an excessive rise in the pressure of the stand.
El sistema se complementa además con la instalación de un grupo electrógeno con autoarranque, dimensionado para cubrir las necesidades de la potencia eléctrica total instalada, grupo que se utilizará para suministrar energía eléctrica en aquellos lugares en los que no exista red eléctrica de suministro, o bien para proporcionar la energía necesaria en aquellos casos en los que por fallo se produzca un corte en la red de suministro normal.The system is also complemented by the installation of a generator set with starter, dimensioned to meet the needs of total electrical power installed, a group that will be used to supply electricity in those places where there is no power grid of supply, or to provide the necessary energy in those cases in which a failure occurs in the network of normal supply.
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that then it will be done and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of that description, a set of drawings in where illustrative and not limiting, it has been represented the next:
La figura 1.- Muestra una representación correspondiente a una vista en alzado del esquema en que se materializa el sistema de la invención, así como una aplicación del mismo a una zona de cultivo.Figure 1.- Shows a representation corresponding to an elevation view of the scheme in which it materializes the system of the invention, as well as an application of the Same to a growing area.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista esquemática y en planta de la caseta que participa en el sistema de la invención, en la que además se ha establecido un compartimento para el grupo electrógeno y demás elementos asociados al mismo.Figure 2.- Shows a schematic view and in stand plant that participates in the system of the invention, in which has also established a compartment for the group generator and other elements associated with it.
En las figuras referidas puede verse como el sistema de la invención comprende una pluralidad de paneles solares (1) montados en una caseta (2), bajo la cual se ha establecido un pozo (3) de almacenamiento de agua que se calienta a partir de los comentados paneles solares (1).In the referred figures it can be seen as the system of the invention comprises a plurality of solar panels (1) mounted in a booth (2), under which a water storage well (3) that heats from commented solar panels (1).
En el interior de dicha caseta (2) se han previsto unos dispositivos aerotermos (4), a través de los cuales se hace circular el agua caliente procedente del pozo (3), generándose aire caliente que ocupará todo el recinto de la referida caseta (2), en la que se ha previsto una abertura de salida de dicho aire caliente que desemboca en una zona (5) en la que está situada una válvula mezcladora (6) y unas turbinas (7), destinadas éstas últimas a impulsar el aire caliente hacia un colector (8) desde el cual, y a través de un circuito de distribución enterrado o aéreo (9), ese aire caliente es enviado a respectivos difusores verticales (10) encargados de dispersar uniformemente ese aire caliente, a través de las toberas establecidas en la cabeza o sombrerete (11) de dichos difusores verticales (10).Inside said booth (2) have provided with aerothermal devices (4), through which circulates the hot water from the well (3), generating hot air that will occupy the entire enclosure of the aforementioned booth (2), in which an outlet opening of said air is provided hot flowing into an area (5) in which a mixing valve (6) and turbines (7), the latter intended to propel the hot air towards a manifold (8) from which, and to through a buried or aerial distribution circuit (9), that Hot air is sent to respective vertical diffusers (10) responsible for uniformly dispersing that hot air, through the nozzles established in the head or cap (11) of said vertical diffusers (10).
De esta forma, en periodos muy fríos y heladas, con ese aire caliente se podrá mantener la zona donde se han implantado los difusores verticales (10), a una temperatura comprendida entre 2ºC y 6ºC, por ejemplo, evitando con ello el que se produzcan heladas y en definitiva consiguiendo que los productos y/o cultivos de esa zona no se hielen ni sufran las temperaturas por debajo de 0ºC.In this way, in very cold and icy periods, with that hot air you can keep the area where you have implanted the vertical diffusers (10), at a temperature between 2 ° C and 6 ° C, for example, thereby avoiding that frosts occur and ultimately getting the products and / or crops in that area do not freeze or suffer temperatures due to below 0 ° C.
En el interior de la propia caseta (2) se ha previsto un compartimento o recinto (12) donde va instalado un grupo electrógeno (13), así como el correspondiente cuadro de control (14), un vaso de expansión (15), unos dispositivos circuladores o bombas (16) de impulsión del agua, y una chimenea (17) de evacuación de los gases producidos por el grupo electrógeno (13) en su funcionamiento.Inside the house itself (2) has provided a compartment or enclosure (12) where a group is installed generator (13), as well as the corresponding control panel (14), an expansion vessel (15), circulating devices or water supply pumps (16), and an evacuation chimney (17) of the gases produced by the generator set (13) in its functioning.
Además, el sistema se complementa con una sonda de temperatura (18) del circuito primario solar, una sonda de temperatura (19) de impulsión del aire caliente a los difusores, una sonda de temperatura (20) del aire ambiente, una sonda de temperatura (21) del interior de la caseta, y un presostato (22) que mide la presión en esa caseta.In addition, the system is complemented with a probe temperature (18) of the solar primary circuit, a probe temperature (19) of hot air supply to diffusers, a temperature probe (20) of ambient air, a probe temperature (21) inside the house, and a pressure switch (22) that measure the pressure in that booth.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901909A ES2367610B1 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | ANTI-FROZEN SYSTEM FOR HERITAGE AND FRUIT PRODUCTS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901909A ES2367610B1 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | ANTI-FROZEN SYSTEM FOR HERITAGE AND FRUIT PRODUCTS. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2367610A1 true ES2367610A1 (en) | 2011-11-07 |
| ES2367610B1 ES2367610B1 (en) | 2012-09-14 |
Family
ID=44803328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901909A Expired - Fee Related ES2367610B1 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | ANTI-FROZEN SYSTEM FOR HERITAGE AND FRUIT PRODUCTS. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2367610B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113317096A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-31 | 江苏大学 | Orchard defroster based on pneumatic resonant heating device buckles |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2655764A (en) * | 1950-01-04 | 1953-10-20 | Percy G Watkins | Device for heating orchards |
| ES353136A1 (en) * | 1968-04-24 | 1969-08-16 | Bellera Cemeli | Installation for the heating of outdoor surfaces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES352512A1 (en) * | 1968-04-06 | 1969-12-16 | Arpa Romero | Installation for the production of hot gases to combat ice creams in fruit trees. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES8204910A1 (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1982-06-01 | Aid Agricolture Ind Dev | Installation to protect shrubs herbaceous plants etc. from frost - blows air and diffuses aq. spray down onto protected area |
| US4495723A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-01-29 | Phase Change Technology, Inc. | Method of preventing frost damage of vegetation |
| ES2011985A6 (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-02-16 | Gomez Aparici Llanos Jose Mari | Installation for producing a mist which anticipates and combats frosts |
| ES1018856U (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1992-02-01 | Serrano Saba Jesus | Antifreeze device. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES2072217A2 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-07-01 | Sulla Javier Prio | Infrared-ray heating system for reducing and/or eliminating frosts in agriculture |
-
2009
- 2009-09-25 ES ES200901909A patent/ES2367610B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2655764A (en) * | 1950-01-04 | 1953-10-20 | Percy G Watkins | Device for heating orchards |
| ES352512A1 (en) * | 1968-04-06 | 1969-12-16 | Arpa Romero | Installation for the production of hot gases to combat ice creams in fruit trees. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES353136A1 (en) * | 1968-04-24 | 1969-08-16 | Bellera Cemeli | Installation for the heating of outdoor surfaces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES8204910A1 (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1982-06-01 | Aid Agricolture Ind Dev | Installation to protect shrubs herbaceous plants etc. from frost - blows air and diffuses aq. spray down onto protected area |
| US4495723A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-01-29 | Phase Change Technology, Inc. | Method of preventing frost damage of vegetation |
| ES2011985A6 (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-02-16 | Gomez Aparici Llanos Jose Mari | Installation for producing a mist which anticipates and combats frosts |
| ES1018856U (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1992-02-01 | Serrano Saba Jesus | Antifreeze device. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES2072217A2 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-07-01 | Sulla Javier Prio | Infrared-ray heating system for reducing and/or eliminating frosts in agriculture |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113317096A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-31 | 江苏大学 | Orchard defroster based on pneumatic resonant heating device buckles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2367610B1 (en) | 2012-09-14 |
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