ES2322702T3 - DISPOSAL OF HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD USED IN A HEAT EXCHANGER. - Google Patents
DISPOSAL OF HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD USED IN A HEAT EXCHANGER. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2322702T3 ES2322702T3 ES03704722T ES03704722T ES2322702T3 ES 2322702 T3 ES2322702 T3 ES 2322702T3 ES 03704722 T ES03704722 T ES 03704722T ES 03704722 T ES03704722 T ES 03704722T ES 2322702 T3 ES2322702 T3 ES 2322702T3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/1607—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
- F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/0221—Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
- F02M25/0222—Water recovery or storage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/032—Producing and adding steam
- F02M25/038—Producing and adding steam into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Disposición de intercambiador de calor y método utilizado en un intercambiador de calor.Heat exchanger arrangement and method Used in a heat exchanger.
El presente invento se refiere a una disposición de intercambiador de calor como se establece en el preámbulo de la reivindicación 1, conocida a partir del documento US-A-2937855, cuyo aparato comprende una disposición de flujo de envuelta para un primer medio de transmisión de calor, una disposición de flujo en canal para un segundo medio de transmisión de calor, dispuesta para ser envuelta, al menos parcialmente, por la disposición de flujo de envuelta, en la que la disposición de flujo en canal comprende una primera parte y una segunda parte, en la que las direcciones de flujo de los medios de transmisión del calor son aproximadamente contrarias. El presente invento se refiere, también, a un método de condensar componentes condensables a partir de gases calientes, que incluye una disposición de intercambiador de calor de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 8, según el preámbulo de la reivindicación 11.The present invention relates to an arrangement of heat exchanger as set out in the preamble of the claim 1, known from the document US-A-2937855, whose apparatus comprises an envelope flow arrangement for a first means of heat transmission, a channel flow arrangement for a second means of heat transmission, arranged to be wrapped, at least partially, by the envelope flow arrangement, in which the channel flow arrangement comprises a first part and a second part, in which the flow directions of the Heat transmission media are approximately contrary. He The present invention also relates to a method of condensing condensable components from hot gases, which includes a heat exchanger arrangement according to any of claims 1 to 8, according to the preamble of the claim 11.
Es de por sí conocido que tanto las emisiones de partículas como, por ejemplo, las emisiones de óxidos de azufre a la atmósfera, pueden reducirse condensando los gases de combustión. Los componentes condensables pueden condensarse enfriando lo suficiente los gases de escape. Con este propósito se han sugerido, previamente, varias soluciones. La publicación DE 3440266 describe una solución en la que se ha dispuesto un intercambiador de calor dentro del conducto de los gases de escape para enfriar los gases. Sin embargo, esta solución es problemática ya que el intercambiador de calor situado en la corriente de gases puede ser propenso a la corrosión y al atascamiento.It is per se known that both the emissions of particles such as sulfur oxides emissions to the atmosphere can be reduced by condensing flue gases. The condensable components can be condensed by cooling Enough exhaust gases. For this purpose they have been suggested, previously, several solutions. Publication DE 3440266 describes a solution in which a heat exchanger has been arranged inside the exhaust duct to cool the gases. However, this solution is problematic since the exchanger of heat located in the gas stream may be prone to corrosion and binding.
Un objeto del presente invento es producir una disposición de intercambiador de calor que reduzca al mínimo los problemas asociados con la técnica anterior. También es un objeto del presente invento proporcionar un método para condensar, de forma eficaz y fiable, los componentes condensables. Un objeto especial del invento es proporcionar una disposición de intercambiador de calor para gases de escape de un motor de combustión interna, en la que se reduzca al mínimo el riesgo de corrosión y de atascamiento y se mejore la eficacia de la limpieza de los gases de escape de un motor de combustión interna.An object of the present invention is to produce a heat exchanger arrangement that minimizes the problems associated with the prior art. It is also an object of the present invention provide a method for condensing, of Effective and reliable, condensable components. An object special of the invention is to provide an arrangement of heat exchanger for exhaust gases of an engine internal combustion, in which the risk of corrosion and binding and cleaning efficiency is improved of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
Los objetos del invento se consiguen, fundamentalmente, como se describe en las adjuntas reivindicaciones 1 y 11 y como se explica con mayor detalle en otras reivindicaciones.The objects of the invention are achieved, fundamentally, as described in the attached claims 1 and 11 and as explained in more detail in other claims.
Una disposición de intercambiador de calor de acuerdo con el invento comprende una disposición de flujo de envuelta para un primer medio de intercambio de calor, una disposición de flujo en canal para un segundo medio de intercambio de calor dispuesto para ser envuelto, al menos parcialmente, por la disposición de flujo de envuelta. La disposición de flujo en canal comprende una primea parte y una segunda parte, en cuyas partes las direcciones de flujo de los medios de transmisión de calor son, aproximadamente, opuestas. La primera parte de la disposición de flujo en canal comprende una envuelta exterior rodeada, al menos parcialmente, por la disposición de flujo de envuelta y la segunda parte comprende una envuelta interior dispuesta, al menos parcialmente, dentro de la primera parte.A heat exchanger arrangement of according to the invention comprises a flow arrangement of wrapped for a first heat exchange medium, a channel flow arrangement for a second exchange medium of heat arranged to be wrapped, at least partially, by the envelope flow arrangement. The channel flow arrangement it comprises a first part and a second part, in whose parts the Flow directions of the heat transfer media are, approximately opposite. The first part of the provision of channel flow comprises an outer shell surrounded, at least partially, by the envelope flow arrangement and the second part comprises an inner shell arranged at least partially, within the first part.
La primera parte y la segunda parte están mutuamente en conexión de flujo de forma que el segundo medio de transmisión de calor pueda circular primero a través de la primera parte y, después, a través de la segunda parte. Esto permitirá conseguir tanto un diseño compacto como la función deseada, según la cual el segundo medio de transmisión de calor es calentado a medida que circula por la segunda parte. De preferencia, la primera parte y la segunda parte están formadas por tubos dispuestos concéntricamente.The first part and the second part are mutually in flow connection so that the second means of heat transmission can circulate first through the first part and then through the second part. This will allow achieve both a compact design and the desired function, according to the which the second heat transfer medium is heated to measure circulating in the second part. Preferably, the first part and the second part are formed by tubes arranged concentrically
De esta forma, la disposición de intercambiador de calor puede construirse de tal modo que la disposición de flujo en canal esté esencialmente libre de elementos intercambiadores de calor internos. En la práctica, el enfriamiento y el nuevo calentamiento del segundo medio de transmisión de calor se efectúa, solamente, a través de las paredes de la primera y de la segunda partes de la disposición de flujo en canal.In this way, the exchanger arrangement of heat can be constructed in such a way that the flow arrangement in channel is essentially free of exchange elements of internal heat In practice, the cooling and the new heating of the second heat transfer medium is effected, only, through the walls of the first and second parts of the channel flow arrangement.
La disposición de flujo en canal se extiende, preferiblemente, a través de la disposición de flujo de envuelta y consiste en varias unidades que comprenden una primera y una segunda partes conectadas en paralelo.The channel flow arrangement extends, preferably, through the shell flow arrangement and It consists of several units comprising a first and a second parts connected in parallel.
Una primera cámara colectora del segundo medio de transmisión de calor está dispuesta en el primer lado de la disposición de flujo de envuelta, comprendiendo el colector un conducto de entrada de medio, y la primera parte de cada disposición de flujo en canal está en conexión de flujo con la primera cámara colectora por su primer extremo. Además de esto, una segunda cámara colectora del segundo medio de transmisión de calor está dispuesta en el primer lado de la disposición de flujo de envuelta, comprendiendo el colector un conducto de salida de medio, y la segunda parte de cada disposición de flujo en canal está en conexión de flujo con la segunda cámara colectora por su otro extremo.A first collection chamber of the second medium Heat transfer is arranged on the first side of the envelope flow arrangement, the collector comprising a middle inlet duct, and the first part of each channel flow arrangement is in flow connection with the first collecting chamber at its first end. In addition to this, a second collecting chamber of the second heat transmission medium is arranged on the first side of the flow arrangement of wrapped, the collector comprising a medium outlet duct, and the second part of each channel flow arrangement is in flow connection with the second collection chamber on its other extreme.
En el segundo lado de la disposición de flujo de envuelta hay un espacio al que están conectadas la primera parte por su segundo extremo y la segunda parte por su primer extremo, comprendiendo dicho espacio al menos un conducto de salida para retirar el líquido condensado del medio de transmisión de calor. De acuerdo con el invento, la primera y la segunda cámaras colectoras están dispuestas una junto a otra y la segunda parte de cada disposición de flujo en canal está dispuesta para extenderse a través de la primera cámara. De esta forma, las conexiones para el segundo medio de transmisión de calor pueden estar dispuestas del mismo lado del intercambiador de calor.On the second side of the flow arrangement of wrapped there is a space to which the first part are connected by its second end and the second part by its first end, said space comprising at least one outlet duct for remove the condensed liquid from the heat transfer medium. From according to the invention, the first and second collecting chambers are arranged next to each other and the second part of each channel flow arrangement is arranged to extend to through the first camera. In this way, the connections for the second means of heat transmission may be disposed of Same side of heat exchanger.
Hay guías de flujo dispuestas en el espacio comprendido entre la envuelta exterior y la envuelta interior de la disposición de flujo en canal, para hacer que el flujo de medio de transmisión de calor gire en torno al eje longitudinal de la envuelta interior. La antes descrita disposición de transmisión de calor es muy adecuada para limpiar los gases de escape de un motor de pistones que esté produciendo potencia.There are flow guides arranged in space between the outer shell and the inner shell of the channel flow arrangement, to make the medium flow of heat transmission rotate around the longitudinal axis of the inner wrap The above-described transmission arrangement of heat is very suitable for cleaning the exhaust gases of an engine of pistons that are producing power.
En un método de condensar los componentes condensables de gases calientes en un intercambiador de calor de acuerdo con el invento, el método que comprende una disposición de flujo de envuelta y una disposición de flujo en canal envuelta por la disposición de flujo de envuelta, se hace que el gas caliente circule esencialmente hacia abajo en la disposición de flujo en canal, en el espacio comprendido entre la envuelta exterior y la envuelta interior de la misma, transmitiendo calor simultáneamente a través de las envueltas de forma que se consiga la condensación, a continuación de lo cual se cambia en 180º la dirección de circulación del gas, ahora parcialmente enfriado, por lo que los componentes condensados son separados del flujo de gas. Además, se hace que los gases fluyan esencialmente hacia arriba por el espacio de dentro de la envuelta interior, por lo que son calentados simultáneamente por el calor que reciben de los gases calientes.In a method of condensing the components condensables of hot gases in a heat exchanger according to the invention, the method comprising an arrangement of envelope flow and a channel flow arrangement wrapped by the envelope flow arrangement, the hot gas is made circulate essentially down in the flow arrangement in channel, in the space between the outer shell and the inside of it, transmitting heat simultaneously to through the envelopes so that condensation is achieved, to continuation of which the direction of gas circulation, now partially cooled, so that Condensed components are separated from the gas flow. Also I know causes gases to flow essentially upward through space from inside the inner shell, so they are heated simultaneously because of the heat they receive from hot gases.
De preferencia, se hace que los gases calientes circulen esencialmente hacia abajo en la disposición de flujo en canal, por el espacio comprendido entre la envuelta exterior y la envuelta interior al tiempo que, simultáneamente, transmiten calor al flujo de envuelta y al flujo de gases, ya parcialmente enfriados, en el espacio de dentro de la envuelta interior. Subsiguientemente al cambio de dirección de flujo de los gases, y una vez que se ha separado el líquido de ellos, se hace que los gases circulen esencialmente hacia arriba por el espacio de dentro de la envuelta interior al tiempo que, simultáneamente, reciben calor de los gases calientes que circulan esencialmente hacia abajo en la disposición de flujo en canal, en el espacio formado por la envuelta exterior y la envuelta interior de la misma. Merced a esta disposición, primero se hace que los gases se enfríen, de modo que se consigue una cantidad de condensación deseada y, además, se calienten hasta el punto de que no se produzca más condensación, hasta un grado no deseado. Además, gracias a esta disposición, es posible garantizar que la temperatura de los gases se eleva hasta un valor suficiente para hacer que los gases asciendan, en lugar de extenderse hasta las cercanías de la instalación. Esto puede conseguirse sin fuente de calor separada.Preferably, it makes hot gases essentially flow down in the flow arrangement in channel, for the space between the outer shell and the inner envelope while simultaneously transmitting heat to the envelope flow and gas flow, already partially cooled, in the space inside the inner envelope. Subsequently to the change of direction of flow of gases, and once it has been separated the liquid from them, the gases are circulated essentially upwards through the space inside the envelope inside while simultaneously receiving heat from the gases hot circulating essentially down in the arrangement channel flow, in the space formed by the outer shell and the inner envelope of it. Thanks to this provision, first the gases are made to cool, so that a desired amount of condensation and also heat up to point that no more condensation occurs, to a degree not wanted. In addition, thanks to this provision, it is possible to guarantee that the temperature of the gases rises to a sufficient value to make the gases rise, instead of extending to the vicinity of the installation. This can be achieved without a source. of separate heat.
De acuerdo con un aspecto específico del invento, pueden conseguirse resultados beneficiosos particularmente en relación con grandes motores de pistones. De acuerdo con este aspecto, se añade agua a la carga del motor mientras éste está funcionando, produciéndose así gases de escape que contienen vapor de agua. En el método, los gases de escape que contienen vapor de agua se enfrían de manera que el vapor de agua contenido en ellos se condense y se hace que las partículas sólidas contenidas en los gases de escape se adhieran al agua condensada, de acuerdo con el invento. De preferencia, se inyecta agua en el aire para la combustión o directamente en los cilindros del motor. De esta manera, los gases de escape contienen vapor de agua en mayor cantidad que la generada en el proceso de combustión y, respectivamente, la cantidad de vapor de agua condensada desde los gases de escape del motor es mayor que la cantidad de vapor de agua generada en el proceso de combustión del combustible.According to a specific aspect of invention, particularly beneficial results can be achieved in relation to large piston engines. According to this aspect, water is added to the engine load while it is functioning, thus producing exhaust gases that contain steam of water. In the method, the exhaust gases that contain steam from water is cooled so that the water vapor contained in them condense and make the solid particles contained in the Exhaust gases adhere to condensed water, according to the invention. Preferably, water is injected into the air for combustion or directly in the engine cylinders. This way, the exhaust gases contain water vapor in greater amount generated in the combustion process and, respectively, the amount of water vapor condensed from Engine exhaust is greater than the amount of water vapor generated in the fuel combustion process.
Preferiblemente, los gases de escape húmedos, que contienen vapor de agua, son enfriados en esencia transmitiendo simultáneamente calor a un medio de refrigeración y a los gases de escape ya enfriados. Esto hace que la temperatura de los gases de escape suba, garantizando que los gases de escape ascienden cuando son liberados a la atmósfera desde, por ejemplo, una chimenea. Además, de acuerdo con el invento, esto se consigue esencialmente sin energía externa adicional.Preferably, the wet exhaust gases, which contain water vapor, are essentially cooled by transmitting simultaneously heat to a cooling medium and the gases of escape already cooled. This causes the gas temperature of exhaust rises, ensuring that the exhaust gases rise when they are released into the atmosphere from, for example, a chimney. Furthermore, according to the invention, this is essentially achieved. No additional external power.
Gracias a este invento se consiguen varios beneficios. La solución es muy compacta y puede reducir significativamente las emisiones de los gases de escape. Además, la separación del líquido condensado es eficaz, sin pérdidas de presión excesivas. Una solución de acuerdo con el invento tampoco se ensucia fácilmente y resulta fácil mantenerla limpia.Thanks to this invention several are achieved Benefits. The solution is very compact and can reduce Significantly exhaust gas emissions. Besides, the Separation of the condensed liquid is effective, without loss of excessive pressure A solution according to the invention is also not it gets dirty easily and it is easy to keep it clean.
En lo que sigue, se describe el invento, a modo de ejemplo, con referencia al dibujo adjunto, en el que la figura 1 es una ilustración esquemática de una realización de una disposición de intercambiador de calor en conexión con una instalación de motor de pistones de acuerdo con el invento.In the following, the invention is described, by way of example, with reference to the attached drawing, in which Figure 1 it is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of an arrangement of heat exchanger in connection with a motor installation of pistons according to the invention.
La instalación 1 de motor de pistones comprende, esquemáticamente, un motor de pistones 6 y una disposición 1.1 de intercambiador de calor en conexión con el canal de gases de escape de la instalación del motor de pistones. El motor de pistones puede ser un motor conocido como tal. La disposición 1.1 de intercambiador de calor comprende una disposición 2 de flujo de envuelta, en la que está destinado a circular el primer medio de transmisión de calor. El primer medio de transmisión de calor actúa, en este caso, como medio receptor de calor y puede ser, por ejemplo, agua o aire. La disposición de flujo de envuelta comprende un conducto de entrada 3 y un conducto de salida 4 a través de los cuales puede ser dirigido el primer medio de transmisión de calor por medio de la disposición de flujo de envuelta.The piston engine installation 1 comprises, schematically, a piston engine 6 and an arrangement 1.1 of heat exchanger in connection with the exhaust channel of the piston engine installation. The piston engine can Be an engine known as such. The exchanger arrangement 1.1 of heat comprises a shell flow arrangement 2, in the which is intended to circulate the first transmission means of hot. The first means of heat transmission acts, in this case, as a heat receiving medium and can be, for example, water or air. The envelope flow arrangement comprises a conduit of inlet 3 and an outlet duct 4 through which it can be directed the first means of heat transmission by means of the envelope flow arrangement.
La disposición 1.1 de intercambio de calor comprende, también, la disposición 5 de flujo en canal para el segundo medio de transmisión de calor, que está envuelta por la disposición de flujo de envuelta. En la realización ilustrada, el segundo medio de transmisión de calor son los gases de escape del motor de pistones 6. Debe comprenderse que la instalación puede incluir, también, otros equipos en el flujo de los gases entre el motor 6 y la disposición 1.1 de intercambiador de calor. En el proceso de combustión del motor de pistones 6 se generan diversos componentes no deseados, cuya reducción al mínimo resulta ventajosa. Estos incluyen, por ejemplo, emisiones de partículas, tales como hollín, y emisiones gaseosas, tales como compuestos de azufre. De acuerdo con el invento, el motor de pistones 6 está provisto de medios 6.2 adecuados de inyección de agua para introducir agua o vapor de agua en el motor 6. El agua puede introducirse en el motor en distintas fases, tales como en el aire de admisión al motor o directamente en el cilindro 6.2 del motor. Sin embargo, el agua se introduce desde una fuente de agua 6.1 de tal manera que, finalmente, se inyecte agua en cada cilindro del motor. El agua puede inyectarse en forma líquida, como vapor de agua o como una emulsión de combustible-agua o como una combinación de éstas, según se desee. Así, el método permite incrementar la humedad de los gases de escape del motor 6 por encima del nivel conseguido por el proceso de combustión solamente. De este modo, la cantidad de agua condensable en los gases de escape es superior a la normal. La cantidad de agua inyectada puede controlarse, por ejemplo sobre la base de la temperatura de los gases de escape, manteniéndose la cantidad de agua inyectada de tal modo que la temperatura de los gases de escape tenga un valor inferior deseado en comparación con una situación en la que no se inyecte agua. Cuando el agua se condensa en forma líquida, las partículas sólidas se adhieren sobre la superficie del líquido y sobre las superficies del aparato se condensan gotas del líquido. Cuando se inyecta agua en el motor, además del agua generada en la combustión, las partículas sólidas también se separan de manera más eficaz.The heat exchange provision 1.1 it also includes the channel flow arrangement 5 for the second means of heat transmission, which is enveloped by the envelope flow arrangement. In the illustrated embodiment, the second means of heat transmission are the exhaust gases of the piston engine 6. It should be understood that the installation can also include other equipment in the flow of gases between the 6 engine and heat exchanger arrangement 1.1. At combustion process of the piston engine 6 are generated various unwanted components, the minimization of which is advantageous. These include, for example, particle emissions, such as soot, and gaseous emissions, such as sulfur compounds. From according to the invention, the piston engine 6 is provided with 6.2 suitable water injection means for introducing water or water vapor in the engine 6. Water can be introduced into the engine in different phases, such as in the intake air to the engine or directly in cylinder 6.2 of the engine. However, the water is enter from a water source 6.1 in such a way that, Finally, water is injected into each cylinder of the engine. Water it can be injected in liquid form, as water vapor or as a fuel-water emulsion or as a combination of these, as desired. Thus, the method allows to increase the engine exhaust moisture 6 above the level achieved by the combustion process only. In this way, the amount of condensable water in the exhaust gases is greater than the normal. The amount of water injected can be controlled, by example based on the temperature of the exhaust gases, keeping the amount of water injected so that the exhaust gas temperature have a desired lower value compared to a situation in which no water is injected. When water condenses in liquid form, solid particles stick on the surface of the liquid and on the surfaces drops of liquid condense from the device. When water is injected in the engine, in addition to the water generated in combustion, the Solid particles also separate more efficiently.
Los gases de escape calientes y que contienen vapor de agua son dirigidos desde el motor de pistones 6 al conducto de entrada 7 y, luego, a través de la disposición 1.1 de intercambiador de calor. El conducto de entrada 7 está dispuesto en la primera cámara colectora 5.1 de la disposición 5 de flujo en canal. La primera cámara colectora 5.1 dirige los gases de escape calientes procedent0es del motor de pistones 6 a cada uno de los conjuntos formados por las disposiciones 5 de flujo en canal, conectados en paralelo. Esta clase de conjunto comprende una primera parte 8 y una segunda parte 9. La primera parte comprende la envuelta exterior 8.1 rodeada por la disposición de flujo de envuelta, preferiblemente un tubo de sección transversal circular, denominándose el tubo en lo que sigue el tubo exterior. El tubo exterior 9,1 se extiende a través de la disposición 2 de flujo de envuelta desde su primer lado 2.1 hasta el segundo lado 2.2. Otro tubo, que actúa como envuelta interna 9.1 está dispuesto dentro del tubo 8.1, denominándose este tubo en lo que sigue el tubo interior. El tubo exterior se encuentra en conexión de flujo con la cámara colectora 5.1, por lo que los gases pueden circular desde la cámara colectora 5.1 al espacio formado entre el tubo exterior y el tubo interior. El tubo exterior y el tubo interior están dispuestos, de preferencia concéntricamente uno con relación al otro.Hot and containing exhaust gases water vapor are directed from the piston engine 6 to inlet duct 7 and then through provision 1.1 of heat exchanger. The inlet duct 7 is arranged in the first collection chamber 5.1 of the flow arrangement 5 in channel. The first 5.1 collection chamber directs the exhaust gases hot procedent0es of the piston engine 6 to each of the assemblies formed by channel flow arrangements 5, connected in parallel. This kind of set comprises a first part 8 and a second part 9. The first part comprises the outer shell 8.1 surrounded by the flow arrangement of wrapped, preferably a circular cross-section tube, denominating the tube in what follows the outer tube. The tube outer 9.1 extends through the flow 2 arrangement of wrapped from its first side 2.1 to the second side 2.2. Other tube, which acts as internal shell 9.1 is disposed within the tube 8.1, this tube being named in what follows the inner tube. The outer tube is in flow connection with the chamber 5.1 collector, so gases can circulate from the chamber 5.1 collector to the space formed between the outer tube and the tube inside. The outer tube and the inner tube are arranged, of concentric preference with respect to the other.
Se hace que los gases circulen esencialmente hacia abajo en la disposición 5 de flujo en canal en el espacio formado por el tubo exterior 8.1 y su tubo interior 9.1 mientras se transmite calor hasta el punto de que tenga lugar condensación de en los gases. El calor es transmitido, básicamente, a través de las paredes lisas de los tubos. Hay un espacio 5.3 dispuesto en conexión con el segundo extremo del tubo exterior y en el segundo lado 2.2 de la disposición 2 de flujo de envuelta. El primer extremo del tubo interior 9.1 está, también, conectado con este espacio.It makes the gases circulate essentially down in the 5 channel flow arrangement in space formed by the outer tube 8.1 and its inner tube 9.1 while transmits heat to the point where condensation of in the gases Heat is transmitted, basically, through the smooth walls of the tubes. There is a 5.3 space arranged in connection with the second end of the outer tube and in the second side 2.2 of the envelope flow arrangement 2. The first extreme of the inner tube 9.1 is also connected to this space.
Con esta construcción, se cambia en unos 180º la dirección de circulación de los gases ahora parcialmente enfriados en el espacio 5.3, por lo que los componentes condensados y el material separado de los gases de escape se separan del flujo de gases en el espacio 5.3. Así, puede separarse de los gases de escape una gran cantidad de agua condensada y, con ella, también componentes perjudiciales. El espacio comprende al menos un conducto de salida 11 para retirar el líquido condensado a partir de los gases. Preferiblemente, también está dispuesto un cierre 13 de gases en conexión con el conducto de salida 11.With this construction, the 180º is changed direction of circulation of gases now partially cooled in space 5.3, so the condensed components and the material separated from the exhaust gases are separated from the flow of gases in space 5.3. Thus, it can be separated from the exhaust gases a lot of condensed water and, with it, also harmful components. The space comprises at least one outlet duct 11 to remove the condensed liquid from the gases. Preferably, a closure 13 of gases in connection with the outlet duct 11.
Dado que los gases contienen una elevada cantidad de vapor de agua condensable, se han dispuesto guías de flujo 12 en el espacio para mejorar la separación del líquido haciendo que el flujo del segundo medio de transmisión de calor gire alrededor del eje longitudinal de la envuelta interior 9.1 y, así, se separará de la superficie interior del tubo exterior 8.1.Since the gases contain a high amount of condensable water vapor, guides have been arranged 12 flow in space to improve liquid separation causing the flow of the second heat transmission medium rotate around the longitudinal axis of the inner shell 9.1 and, thus, it will separate from the inner surface of the outer tube 8.1.
Desde el espacio 5.3 se dispone que los gases circulen esencialmente hacia arriba por el espacio de dentro del tubo interior 9.1. En esta fase, el gas parcialmente enfriado es calentado por el gas que circula en contracorriente con él por el espacio comprendido entre el tubo exterior 8.1 y el tubo interior 9.1, Cada tubo exterior 8.1 se extiende tanto hacia el primer lado 2.1 de la disposición 2 de flujo de envuelta como, también, a través de la primera cámara colectora 5.1 y está conectado a la segunda cámara colectora 5.2. La segunda cámara colectora 5.2 conecta el flujo de cada tubo exterior 8.1 y dirige el flujo combinado hacia fuera para tratamiento ulterior a través del conducto 10. Las cámaras colectoras 5.1 y 5.2 están yuxtapuestas en el primer lado 2.1 de la disposición de flujo de envuelta, por lo que la entrada y la salida de los gases calientes tienen lugar del mismo lado del intercambiador de calor.From space 5.3 it is arranged that the gases circulate essentially upwards through the space inside the inner tube 9.1. In this phase, the partially cooled gas is heated by the gas circulating in countercurrent with it by the space between the outer tube 8.1 and the inner tube 9.1, Each outer tube 8.1 extends both to the first side 2.1 of the envelope flow arrangement 2 as well as of the first 5.1 collection chamber and is connected to the second collecting chamber 5.2. The second collection chamber 5.2 connects the flow of each outer tube 8.1 and directs the combined flow towards outside for further treatment through the duct 10. The 5.1 and 5.2 collecting cameras are juxtaposed on the first side 2.1 of the envelope flow arrangement, so that the input and the hot gas outlet takes place on the same side of the heat exchanger.
El conducto de salida 11 para el agua condensada está, de preferencia, en conexión de flujo con la fuente de agua 6.1 a través del canal 11.1, por lo que se consigue un proceso al menos parcialmente cerrado en lo que al agua se refiere. En ese caso, la fuente de agua 6.1 comprende, de preferencia, aparatos adecuados para la limpieza del agua.The outlet duct 11 for condensed water it is preferably in flow connection with the water source 6.1 through channel 11.1, so that a process is achieved by less partially closed as far as water is concerned. In that case, the water source 6.1 preferably comprises appliances Suitable for water cleaning.
El invento no se limita a las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria, sino que dentro del alcance de las reivindicaciones adjuntas pueden concebirse diversas modificaciones del mismo.The invention is not limited to embodiments. described herein, but within the scope of various claims can be devised various modifications of the same.
Claims (13)
de calor.1. Heat exchanger arrangement (1.1) comprising an envelope flow arrangement (2) for the first heat transmission means, a channel flow arrangement (5) for a second heat transmission means, arranged for be wrapped, at least partially, by the envelope flow arrangement, in which the channel flow arrangement (5) comprises a first part (8) and a second part (9), in which the flow directions of the Heat transmitting means are approximately opposite, the first part (8) of the channel flow arrangement (5) comprising an outer shell (8.1) surrounded, at least partially, by the envelope flow arrangement and the second part comprising (9) an inner shell (9.1) at least partially disposed within the first part, a first collecting chamber (5.1) of the second heat transfer means disposed on the first side (2.1) of the di shell flow arrangement (2), the collecting chamber comprising a medium inlet conduit (7) and the first part (8) of each channel flow arrangement is in flow connection with the first collecting chamber (5.1) by its first end, and a second collecting chamber (5.2) is further arranged on the first side (2.1) of the shell flow arrangement (2), the collecting chamber comprising an outlet duct (10) for the medium and in the that the second part (9) of each channel flow arrangement is in flow connection with the second collecting chamber (5.2) at its second end, characterized in that a space (5.3) is provided on the second side (2.2) of the envelope flow arrangement (2), to which the first part (8) is connected by its second end and the second part (9) by its first end and because the space comprises at least one outlet duct (11) to remove the condensed liquid from the transmission medium
of heat
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20020366 | 2002-02-26 | ||
| FI20020365A FI114500B (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Heat exchanger arrangement for internal combustion engines, has channel flow arrangement including two parts that have outer and inner shell, respectively, where flow directions of medium in shells are opposite to each other |
| FI20020366A FI118271B (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Heat exchanger arrangement for internal combustion engines, has channel flow arrangement including two parts that have outer and inner shell, respectively, where flow directions of medium in shells are opposite to each other |
| FI20020365 | 2002-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2322702T3 true ES2322702T3 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
Family
ID=27767071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES03704722T Expired - Lifetime ES2322702T3 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-02-25 | DISPOSAL OF HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD USED IN A HEAT EXCHANGER. |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1478895B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE428898T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003206982A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60327176D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1478895T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2322702T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003073031A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220136426A1 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-05 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus for recovering exhaust heat using a dual tube |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITFI20090228A1 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | Michele Cataldo | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR WASTEWATER PURIFICATION |
| FR2986608B1 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2018-09-07 | Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur | THERMAL EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A VEHICLE COMPRISING A THERMAL ENGINE |
| FR2992021B1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-05-30 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ASSOCIATED WITH A RANKINE CYCLE CLOSED CIRCUIT AND A WATER INJECTION CIRCUIT FOR THE INTAKE OF THE ENGINE |
| EP3239483A4 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-10-17 | Usui Co., Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification device-use scrubber for ship-use diesel engine using low-grade fuel containing high-concentration of sulfur component |
| CN105021064A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-04 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | Composite pipe type heat exchanger |
| WO2018181325A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Air preheater |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1782435A (en) * | 1926-11-09 | 1930-11-25 | Gen Chemical Corp | Apparatus for cooling fluids |
| US2134058A (en) * | 1936-06-16 | 1938-10-25 | Griscom Russell Co | Heat exchanger |
| US2248909A (en) * | 1940-04-08 | 1941-07-08 | Foote Mineral Co | Heat transfer device |
| US2520825A (en) * | 1948-10-08 | 1950-08-29 | Baumann Arnold Werner | Reverse flow countercurrent condenser |
| US2937855A (en) * | 1958-09-11 | 1960-05-24 | Frank D Hazen | Recuperator structures |
| DE1805150A1 (en) * | 1968-03-01 | 1969-10-16 | Elfa Elsterwerda Veb | Electrostatic deposition to give an even coating |
| SE353387B (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1973-01-29 | Svenska Maskinverken Ab | |
| SE366388B (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1974-04-22 | Svenska Maskinverken Ab | |
| SE423276B (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1982-04-26 | Karl Ostbo | HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDING A MULTIPLE INHIBITOR PARALLEL BROUGHT PLATES |
| DE2951549A1 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-02 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | RING GAP TUBE BUNCH HEAT EXCHANGER |
| DE10146394B4 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2004-09-16 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Continuously working heat exchanger |
-
2003
- 2003-02-25 ES ES03704722T patent/ES2322702T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-25 WO PCT/FI2003/000132 patent/WO2003073031A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-25 DK DK03704722T patent/DK1478895T3/en active
- 2003-02-25 EP EP03704722A patent/EP1478895B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-25 DE DE60327176T patent/DE60327176D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-25 AT AT03704722T patent/ATE428898T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-25 AU AU2003206982A patent/AU2003206982A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220136426A1 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-05 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus for recovering exhaust heat using a dual tube |
| US11525381B2 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-12-13 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus for recovering exhaust heat using a dual tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003073031A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
| EP1478895B1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
| EP1478895A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
| DK1478895T3 (en) | 2009-05-25 |
| ATE428898T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
| AU2003206982A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
| DE60327176D1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
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