ES2306619A1 - Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2306619A1
ES2306619A1 ES200801090A ES200801090A ES2306619A1 ES 2306619 A1 ES2306619 A1 ES 2306619A1 ES 200801090 A ES200801090 A ES 200801090A ES 200801090 A ES200801090 A ES 200801090A ES 2306619 A1 ES2306619 A1 ES 2306619A1
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parts
obtaining
database
objects
artist
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ES2306619B1 (en
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Enrique Navarro Aviño
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
    • B44B1/02—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models wherein three-dimensional copies are made
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B3/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled substantially two- dimensionally for carving, engraving, or guilloching shallow ornamenting or markings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B3/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled substantially two- dimensionally for carving, engraving, or guilloching shallow ornamenting or markings
    • B44B3/04—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled substantially two- dimensionally for carving, engraving, or guilloching shallow ornamenting or markings wherein non-plane surfaces are worked
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Abstract

Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects. It includes the steps of taking data from the object (100) by scanning in 3d; analysis (200) of the data obtained by consulting a database of objects already made and consideration of the tastes of the client to determine the parts of the object that are sculpted manually; realization by artist of the determined parts of the object (300); scanning (400) in 3d of the parts sculpted by the artist; assembly (500) of the complete object in 3d by modification and unión of the 3d images obtained by initial scanning, scanning parts sculpted by the artist (300) and incorporating the parts from a database of objects already made; obtaining a replica (600) of the object by rapid prototyping, and possibly obtaining a new replica of the object (700) of casting metal or other materials from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Método para obtención de esculturas artísticas de objetos.Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects.

Consiste la presente invención en un método que permite obtener una réplica tridimensional de un objeto, en particular esculturas tridimensionales de personas, mediante una obtención de la geometría del objeto, un tratamiento informático que incluye la composición con información en bases de datos, la composición de las partes incorrectas, faltantes o que no proporcionan un aspecto artístico, y un prototipado y eventualmente la obtención de una pieza mediante fundición de metal, por ejemplo, o de otros materiales.The present invention consists of a method that allows to obtain a three-dimensional replica of an object, in particular three-dimensional sculptures of people, through a Obtaining object geometry, a computer treatment which includes the composition with information in databases, the composition of the wrong, missing or missing parts they provide an artistic appearance, and a prototyping and eventually obtaining a piece by casting metal, for example, or of other materials.

Sector técnicoTechnical sector

El sector técnico de esta invención es el de la elaboración de esculturas de seres vivos. Particularmente, esta invención se refiere a la realización de esculturas que reproducen cabezas o bustos de personas, pero que podría también ser utilizado para la elaboración de otro tipo de esculturas. Habitualmente, este tipo de esculturas son realizadas artísticamente a mano o con la ayuda de un reproductor de piezas de tres dimensiones de una imagen 3D de la
persona.The technical sector of this invention is the elaboration of sculptures of living beings. Particularly, this invention relates to the realization of sculptures that reproduce heads or busts of people, but which could also be used for the elaboration of other types of sculptures. Usually, these types of sculptures are made artistically by hand or with the help of a player of three-dimensional pieces of a 3D image of the
person.

Desde la antigüedad este tipo de esculturas ha sido realizada artísticamente a mano. Actualmente, la aparición de las nuevas tecnologías digitales de escaneo, tratamiento de imágenes y prototipado en 3 dimensiones (3D) abren la viabilidad de nuevos métodos innovadores. Esta invención hace referencia a un método combinado, que utiliza un reproductor de piezas de tres dimensiones.Since ancient times this type of sculpture has been artistically done by hand. Currently, the appearance of the new digital scanning technologies, treatment of images and prototyping in 3 dimensions (3D) open the viability of New innovative methods. This invention refers to a Combined method, which uses a three-piece player dimensions.

Esta habilidad requiere visualizar el objeto que se pretende realizar, elegir los materiales apropiados y ejecutar la técnica adecuada para su obtención. En el caso de útiles o herramientas, la validez del utensilio obtenido se verá contrastada con la utilidad real del mismo, y la consecución del fin para el que fue diseñado.This ability requires visualizing the object that It is intended to make, choose the appropriate materials and execute the right technique to obtain it. In the case of useful or tools, the validity of the utensil obtained will be verified with the real utility of it, and the achievement of the end for It was designed.

En el caso de esculturas, la validez de la obra vendrá determinada por la similitud con la persona que representa y su componente artístico, no es solo que se parezca a la persona, sino que además la obra sea bella.In the case of sculptures, the validity of the work will be determined by the similarity with the person who represents and its artistic component, it's not just that it looks like the person, but also the work is beautiful.

A lo largo de la historia, se ha desarrollado una gran variedad de materiales y formas escultóricas. Todas ellas han precisado de artistas cualificados con un gran dominio de la técnica.Throughout history, it has developed a great variety of materials and sculptural forms. All of them they have required qualified artists with a great command of the technique.

La aparición y utilización de la tecnología digital permite la invención de métodos innovadores aplicables a actividades humanas tradicionales. Este el caso de la escultura.The emergence and use of technology digital allows the invention of innovative methods applicable to traditional human activities. This is the case of the sculpture.

Recientemente, con el desarrollo de la tecnología informática, la realización de esculturas con un reproductor de piezas de tres dimensiones es conocida y utilizada.Recently, with the development of the computer technology, the realization of sculptures with a three-dimensional parts player is known and used

Se realiza un escaneo de la pieza o persona cuya escultura se pretende realizar, mediante un sistema biométrico, por ejemplo por luz láser o luz estructurada, de tal modo que se obtiene una imagen 3D de la persona en formato digital para su tratamiento por ordenador.A scan of the piece or person whose sculpture is intended to be done, by a biometric system, by example by laser light or structured light, such that get a 3D image of the person in digital format for computer treatment

Este tipo de imágenes procedentes del escaneo directo presenta a menudo numerosas anomalías o defectos como agujeros (zonas a las que por alguna razón el escaneo no ha llegado, rugosidades, defectos, o cualquier otro tipo de imperfecciones. Es, por tanto, deseable obtener una imagen 3D en la que se hayan eliminado o minimizado este tipo de imperfecciones. Además, uno de los grandes inconvenientes del tratamiento de imágenes escaneadas es que el cabello no es fácilmente resoluble. Por una parte, existe gran cantidad de información que hace que su tratamiento informático requiera una potencia de proceso y tiempo de resolución que lo hacen absolutamente inoperativo. Por otra parte, el escaneo proporciona informaciones que resultan adversamente variables en función del color o del grosor del pelo, por lo que para una misma forma pueden obtenerse informaciones distintas. Ello implica que no hay actualmente una forma satisfactoria de resolver la reproducción de una imagen real provista de pelo, y en los casos en que ello es posible no existe posibilidad técnica material de llevar a cabo la reproducción.This type of images from scanning Direct often has numerous anomalies or defects such as holes (areas to which for some reason the scan has not arrived, roughnesses, defects, or any other type of imperfections It is therefore desirable to obtain a 3D image in the that this type of imperfections have been eliminated or minimized. In addition, one of the major drawbacks of the treatment of Scanned images is that the hair is not easily solvable. On the one hand, there is a lot of information that makes your computer processing requires process power and time of resolution that make it absolutely inoperative. For other part, the scan provides information that results adversely variable depending on the color or thickness of the hair, so that for the same form information can be obtained different. This implies that there is currently no way satisfactory to solve the reproduction of a real image provided with hair, and in cases where this is possible there is no material technical possibility of carrying out reproduction.

Estado de la técnicaState of the art

CN 1277112 divulga un sistema para la realización automática de esculturas utilizando un método de luz paralela, en el que se realiza un procesado de la imagen a partir de una toma de vídeo. Los datos se procesan en un ordenador en el que se modifican el peinado, el ángulo de elevación, la expresión, etc. Incluye el tratamiento y mecanizado automático.CN 1277112 discloses a system for the automatic creation of sculptures using a light method parallel, in which the image is processed from of a video shot. The data is processed on a computer in the that the hairstyle, the elevation angle, the expression are modified, etc. It includes automatic processing and machining.

CN 1360282 describe un sistema computacional para crear una escultura 3D, en el que se llevan a cabo las etapas de; escaneado del objeto en un escáner 3D y paso de los datos a un ordenador, generación de información para la creación y fabricación en 3D, y realización de la pieza mediante una máquina de modelado mediante control numérico. El método que se propone no proporciona soluciones satisfactorias para la corrección de defectos en el escaneado y/o realización de partes que requieren una realización manual para dar un carácter artístico.CN 1360282 describes a computer system to create a 3D sculpture, in which the stages are carried out from; scanning the object in a 3D scanner and passing the data to a computer, generation of information for creation and manufacturing in 3D, and realization of the piece by means of a modeling machine by numerical control. The proposed method does not provide satisfactory solutions for the correction of defects in the scanning and / or realization of parts that require an embodiment manual to give an artistic character. 

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GB 2441349 divulga un método para el escaneo y preparación de un objeto en 3D, que comprende también el escaneo y modificación de la imagen 3D formada en un ordenador, y en el que se incluye el acabado manual artístico de la pieza terminada para formar el molde de una pieza de fundición a su elaboración como pieza de fundición.GB 2441349 discloses a method for scanning and preparation of a 3D object, which also includes scanning and modification of the 3D image formed on a computer, and in which the artistic manual finish of the finished piece is included for form the mold of a casting piece to its elaboration as casting piece.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

Con objeto de ilustrar la explicación que va a seguir, adjuntamos a la presente memoria descriptiva una hoja de dibujos en la que en una única figura se representa la esencia de la presente invención, y en la que:In order to illustrate the explanation that will follow, we attach to the present specification a sheet of drawings in which the essence of the present invention, and in which:

La Figura 1 muestra una representación esquemática del método seguido en la presente invención.Figure 1 shows a representation Schematic of the method followed in the present invention.

Descripción detallada de la invenciónDetailed description of the invention

El método que se va a exponer a partir de ahora, es un método innovador de obtención de esculturas que son réplica de un objeto, en particular de una persona. Este método permite obtener esculturas con gran precisión, reducción de tiempos y costes, y calidad artística.The method that will be exposed from now on, It is an innovative method of obtaining sculptures that are replica of an object, in particular of a person. This method allows get sculptures with great precision, time reduction and costs, and artistic quality.

Aunque es cierto que la tecnología digital, aplicada con inventiva y correctamente, permite mejorar la realización de actividades humanas, también es cierto que un uso inapropiado entorpece la realización y calidad de la obra final. Por tanto, es importante conseguir el mejor equilibrio entre las técnicas innovadoras y las tradicionales, lo cual no ha sido adecuadamente logrado por los antecedentes.Although it is true that digital technology, applied with inventiveness and correctly, it allows to improve the realization of human activities, it is also true that a use inappropriate hinders the completion and quality of the final work. Therefore, it is important to achieve the best balance between innovative and traditional techniques, which has not been properly achieved by the background.

Tenemos por un lado una innovadora tecnología 3D y por otra parte un arte escultórico desarrollado a lo largo de años. Por lo tanto, es objeto de esta invención combinar la tecnología del tratamiento de la información 3D, por una parte, y dotar al resultado de un componente artístico que hasta ahora no se ha logrado con dicha tecnología.We have on the one hand an innovative 3D technology and on the other hand a sculptural art developed along years. Therefore, it is the object of this invention to combine the 3D information processing technology, on the one hand, and provide the result of an artistic component that until now has not been has achieved with such technology.

El método que se propone alcanza una simbiosis entre innovación y técnicas tradicionales para la obtención de esculturas.The proposed method reaches a symbiosis between innovation and traditional techniques to obtain sculptures

Aunque las patentes indicadas anteriormente plantean distintos métodos para facilitar la obtención de réplicas de objetos tridimensionales, éstos han presentado diferentes problemas. Por una parte, una reproducción "fotográfica" de una cabeza o busto puede dar lugar a texturas que resulten inadecuadamente artísticas; por otra, existen partes del cuerpo que pueden resultar ocultas al escáner, y que habrá que completar; y por otra, determinado tipo de superficies, tales como la cabellera, debido al gran número de cabellos, la superficie y forma independientes de cada pelo exige, por una parte una enorme capacidad y tiempo de resolución del sistema informático, depende del color y grosor de los cabellos y por otra parte el resultado no proporciona un aspecto artístico atractivo, sino que se limita a la reproducción.Although the patents indicated above they propose different methods to facilitate the obtaining of replicas of three-dimensional objects, these have presented different problems. On the one hand, a "photographic" reproduction of a head or bust can lead to textures that result inadequately artistic; on the other, there are body parts that they may be hidden from the scanner, and they will have to be completed; and by  other, certain type of surfaces, such as the hair, due to the large number of hair, the surface and shape independent of each hair demands, on the one hand a huge capacity and resolution time of the computer system, depends the color and thickness of the hair and on the other hand the result does not provides an attractive artistic appearance, but is limited to the reproduction.

El método de la invención aporta a este respecto técnicas innovadoras y sustanciales: por un lado, consiste en que un artista escultor esculpa algunas partes del objeto a reproducir, aquellas que son más complicadas de escanear o cuya reproducción fiel no resulta artística, una vez esculpidas por el artista se escanean y se integran a la parte principal del objeto que ya fue escaneado en un principio. Para el caso de replicas de cabezas de personas, esta innovación es realmente singular y útil, ya que permite reproducir la persona, en particular el pelo de la cabeza, con una exactitud y finura, que da a la réplica su valor artístico. Paralelamente, este método va creando una Base de Datos de imágenes 3D de Objetos Realizados (Base Datos Objetos Realizados), cuyas partes (cabelleras, pies, ojos, cejas, etc.,) pueden ser utilizados en creaciones posteriores, facilitando el proceso y mejorando tiempos.The method of the invention provides in this regard innovative and substantial techniques: on the one hand, it consists in that a sculptor artist carves some parts of the object to reproduce, those that are more complicated to scan or whose reproduction Faithful is not artistic, once sculpted by the artist scan and integrate to the main part of the object that was already scanned at the beginning. In the case of replicas of heads of people, this innovation is really unique and useful, since allows to reproduce the person, in particular the hair of the head, with an accuracy and finesse, which gives the replica its artistic value. At the same time, this method creates an Image Database 3D of Objects Made (Database Objects Made), whose parts (hair, feet, eyes, eyebrows, etc.,) can be used in later creations, facilitating the process and improving time.

En el caso de obtención de bustos de personas el componente artístico, la belleza y atractivo de la replica obtenida es fundamental.In the case of obtaining busts of people the artistic component, the beauty and attractiveness of the replica obtained It's fundamental.

Acorde con la invención presente, se presenta, en primer lugar, un método para la obtención de esculturas, que incluye las siguientes etapas:According to the present invention, it is presented, first, a method for obtaining sculptures, which It includes the following stages:

Primera etapa (100)First stage (100)
Toma de datos del objeto. La toma de datos incluye el escaneo en 3D de la persona y opcionalmente, al menos uno de los siguientes medios:Object data collection. The take Data includes 3D scanning of the person and optionally, at least one of the following means:

\bullet?
Toma datos del artista escultorTake data from the sculptor artist

\bullet?
Fotografías digitalesDigital photographs 

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Segunda etapa (200)Second stage (200)
Análisis datos tomados y planteamiento estrategiaAnalysis data taken and strategy approach

\bullet?
Se analizan las imágenes 3D y las fotografías digitales (2D) obtenidas3D images and photographs are analyzed digital (2D) obtained

\bullet?
En el caso del objeto sea una persona se consideran sus deseosIn the case of the object being a person they are considered your wishes

\bullet?
Se consulta la Base de Datos de imágenes 3D de Objetos RealizadosCheck the 3D Image Database of Objects Performed

\bullet?
Con todo ello, se decide que partes del objeto debe esculpir el artistaWith all this, it is decided which parts of the object should sculpt the artist 

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Tercera etapa (300)Third stage (300)
Realización de una escultura de las partes del objeto que lo requieranMaking a sculpture of the parts of the object that require it 

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Cuarta etapa (400)Fourth stage (400)
Escaneo en 3D de las partes esculpidas por el escultor3D scanning of the parts sculpted by the sculptor 

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Quinta etapa (500)Fifth stage (500)
Tratamiento imagen del objeto completo con las imágenes 3D obtenidas en:Object image treatment complete with the 3D images obtained in:

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Escaneo 3D efectuado al objeto en Toma datos inicial (100)3D scan to the object in Take data initial (100)

\sqbullet\ sqbullet
Escaneo 3D de las partes realizadas por el escultor (400)3D scanning of the parts made by the sculptor (400)

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Bases de datos de objetos previamente escaneados, corregidos manualmente o noDatabases of previously scanned objects, manually corrected or not 

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Sexta etapa (600)Sixth stage (600)
Obtención del objeto mediante maquinas prototipado rápido 3D.Obtaining the object through 3D rapid prototyping machines. 

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Séptima etapa (700)Seventh stage (700)
Obtención objeto, a partir objeto prototipado rápido, por procedimientos y materiales diversos.Obtaining object, starting object rapid prototyping, by procedures and materials diverse. 

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Primera etapa (100)First stage (100)

Toma de datos del objeto medianteObject data collection by Escaneo con un escáner 3DScan with a 3D scanner

El método de la presente invención emplea tecnología de escaneo tridimensional (3D) para obtener un conjunto de datos de la imagen del objeto a reproducir. Esto asegura que la reproducción es exacta.The method of the present invention employs three-dimensional (3D) scanning technology to get a set of image data of the object to be reproduced. This ensures that the Reproduction is accurate.

Según el método se puede emplear cualquier técnica de escaneo para obtener un conjunto de datos imagen del objeto a reproducir. El conjunto de datos de la imagen contiene datos del objeto en tres dimensiones, de tal manera que permite una reproducción tridimensional del objeto a reproducir. Por tanto, la técnica de escaneo debe proporcionar un conjunto de datos tridimensional preciso. Actualmente, existen técnicas de escaneo comercialmente disponibles en el mercado, que consiguen el nivel precisado. Los sistemas de escaneo preferidos incluyen escáner con luz láser o estructurada.Depending on the method you can use any scanning technique to obtain an image data set of the object to reproduce. The image data set contains object data in three dimensions, so that it allows a three-dimensional reproduction of the object to reproduce. Therefore, the scanning technique must provide a data set precise three-dimensional. Currently, there are scanning techniques commercially available in the market, which get the level precise. Preferred scanning systems include scanner with laser or structured light.

Aunque la tecnología de escaneo disponible en la actualidad permite obtener las medidas del objeto con un nivel suficiente de detalle, los escaneos no son perfectos y llevan asociados errores como agujeros, bultos, anomalías, imperfecciones, etc. que deben ser corregidos. Se dispone en el mercado de programas informáticos para ello.Although the scanning technology available in the currently allows to obtain the measurements of the object with a level Enough detail, the scans are not perfect and carry associated errors such as holes, packages, anomalies, imperfections, etc. They must be corrected. It is available in the market of computer programs for it.

En el escaneo, no solamente se producen los errores mencionados que deben ser corregidos, además, algunas zonas, aunque se hayan escaneado y se corrijan correctamente, no tienen un nivel de acabado adecuado y su fiel reproducción posterior da lugar a piezas artísticamente no aceptables.In scanning, not only do the mentioned errors that must be corrected, in addition, some zones, even if they have been scanned and corrected correctly, no they have an adequate level of finish and their faithful reproduction subsequent results in artistically unacceptable pieces.

Este caso, es especialmente significativo cuando el objeto a reproducir es la cabeza de una persona. Normalmente, para la parte de la cara, la toma de datos por escaneo es factible, pero en el caso de la cabellera, la toma de datos es imperfecta. Algunos escáners, ajustando el nivel de sensibilidad, pueden obtener cierto detalle del pelo de la cabellera de la persona. En el caso de las cabelleras con pelo oscuro la posibilidad de escaneo por láser se reduce drásticamente, por la característica propia de la luz láser que es absorbida por el pelo oscuro y no rebota, y por tanto no es detectada por el sistema.This case is especially significant when The object to reproduce is the head of a person. Usually, for the face part, data collection by scan is feasible, but in the case of the hair, the data collection is imperfect. Some scanners, by adjusting the sensitivity level, can get some detail of the hair of the person's hair. In the case of hair with dark hair the possibility of scanning by laser is drastically reduced, due to the characteristic of the laser light that is absorbed by dark hair and does not bounce, and by So much is not detected by the system.

Aún en el caso, que se llegue a un escaneo válido de la cabellera de la persona, y que después la imagen pueda tratarse con los programas software, corrigiendo y retocando los defectos, la imagen obtenida de la cabellera no es suficientemente artística.Even in the case, a scan is reached valid of the person's hair, and then the image can deal with software programs, correcting and retouching defects, the image obtained from the hair is not enough artistic.

Aunque lo mencionado es especialmente significativo para las cabelleras, también se puede aplicar a determinadas partes del cuerpo; cejas, orejas, ojos, etc., que aunque se consigan datos de escaneo suficientes, su reproducción, tal cual, puede no ser aceptable artísticamente.Although the above is especially significant for scalps, it can also be applied to certain parts of the body; eyebrows, ears, eyes, etc., which even if sufficient scan data is obtained, its reproduction, as is, it may not be artistically acceptable. 

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Un artista escultor efectúa la toma de datos artística del objetoA sculptor artist takes the artistic data collection of the object

El artista escultor estudia el objeto; posición, distancias, texturas, etc. Visualiza la obra que se obtendrá.The artist sculptor studies the object; position, distances, textures, etc. Visualize the work that will be obtained.

El artista detecta los gustos y deseos de la persona para la que se obtendrá la escultura.The artist detects the tastes and desires of the person for whom it will be obtained the sculpture. 

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La obtención de bustos de personas ha sido una constante a lo largo del tiempo, grandes artistas han esculpido obras maestras a lo largo de la historia y existe una sensibilidad muy cultivada en la sociedad que demanda obras de arte de las que se puedan sentir orgullosos de colocar en lugares elegidos.Obtaining busts of people has been a constant over time, great artists have sculpted masterpieces throughout history and there is a sensitivity very cultivated in society that demands works of art from which They can be proud to place in chosen places.

En el caso de obtención de bustos de personas el componente artístico, la belleza y atractivo de la replica obtenida es fundamental. Es al artista al que corresponde marcar las pautas para la obtención de la réplica apoyándose en la utilización de los escaneos 3D.In the case of obtaining busts of people the artistic component, the beauty and attractiveness of the replica obtained It's fundamental. It is the artist who corresponds to set the guidelines to obtain the replica based on the use of 3D scans 

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Toma de fotografías digitales 2D en distintas posicionesTaking 2D digital photos in different positions

Con una cámara fotográfica digital se efectúa reportaje fotográfico del objeto.With a camera digital photographic photographic report of the object.

Se fotografían los perfiles del objeto así como las posiciones más singulares.They are photographed object profiles as well as more positions singular.

Estas tres tareas deben realizarse simultáneamente por el artista.These three tasks must be performed simultaneously by the artist. 

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Segunda etapa (200)Second stage (200)

Análisis datos tomados y planteamiento estrategiaAnalysis of data taken and strategy approach

Se analizan los datos obtenidos en el paso PRIMERO (100); los escaneos 3D, las notas tomadas por el artista y las fotografías 2D realizadas, paralelamente se consulta la Base Datos Objetos Realizados, para detectar aquellas partes, ya realizadas, que pueden ser de utilidad para este objeto. Con todo ello, se plantea la estrategia de reproducción a seguir. Se decide que partes del objeto se deben esculpir por el artista escultor, normalmente la cabellera, ojos, etc. y que partes se pueden obtener de la Base Datos Objetos Realizados.The data obtained in the step is analyzed FIRST (100); 3D scans, the notes taken by the artist and 2D photographs taken, in parallel the Base is consulted Object Data Performed, to detect those parts, already made, which may be useful for this purpose. With everything this, the reproduction strategy to follow is considered. It is decided what parts of the object should be sculpted by the sculptor, normally the hair, eyes, etc. and what parts can be obtained of the Database Objects Made. 

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Tercera etapa (300)Third stage (300)

Esculpido de partes del objetoSculpted from parts of the object

Siguiendo los procedimientos artísticos tradicionales el escultor esculpe las partes del objeto que se han considerado en el apartado anterior. Las fotografías digitales efectuadas son un referente para el artista. El artista, para realizar su obra, puede utilizar el material plástico que le resulte más adecuado; arcilla, etc.Following the artistic procedures traditional sculptors sculpt the parts of the object that have been considered in the previous section. Digital photographs made are a reference for the artist. The artist, for do your work, you can use the plastic material you find  more appropriate; clay, etc. 

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Cuarta etapa (400)Fourth stage (400)

Escaneo en 3D de las partes esculpidas por el escultor3D scanning of the parts sculpted by the sculptor

Las partes del objeto esculpidas por el artista escultor se escanean convenientemente. Para ello se utiliza el mismo escáner que se utilizó en la primera etapa (100).The parts of the object sculpted by the artist Sculptor are scanned conveniently. For this the same scanner that was used in the first stage (100). 

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Quinta etapa (500)Fifth stage (500)

Tratamiento imagen del objeto completo con las imágenes 3D obtenidas en:Image treatment of the complete object with the 3D images obtained in:

Escaneo 3D efectuado al objeto en toma datos inicial (100).3D scan made to the object in initial data collection (100).

Escaneo 3D de las partes realizadas por el escultor (400).3D scan of the parts made by the sculptor (400).

Base Datos Objetos Realizados.Database Objects made.

Las imágenes digitales 3D tomadas en la primera etapa (100) se tratan convenientemente. Para ello se dispone en el mercado un abanico amplio de programas informáticos (software). Se tratan y mejoran las imágenes corrigiendo los errores; agujeros, arrugas, bultos, indefiniciones, etc.3D digital images taken in the first Stage (100) are conveniently treated. For this, it is available in the Market a wide range of software (software). Be treat and improve images by correcting errors; holes, wrinkles, lumps, undefined, etc.

Las imágenes digitales 3D tomadas en la etapa cuarta (400) de las partes del objeto esculpidas por el artista, son también tratadas y mejoradas, de forma análoga que las imágenes tomadas en la etapa primera (100).3D digital images taken on the stage fourth (400) of the parts of the object sculpted by the artist, they are also treated and improved, in a similar way that the images taken in the first stage (100).

Las imágenes digitales 3D que se disponen en la Base Datos Objetos Realizados son de gran utilidad para incorporar en el proceso de obtención del objeto completo. Se incorporan aquellas imágenes son de utilidad.The 3D digital images that are arranged in the Database Data Objects are very useful to incorporate in the process of obtaining the complete object. Are incorporated Those images are useful.

Se forma la imagen completa del objeto uniendo las imágenes tomadas en las etapas primera (100), cuarta (400), y extraídas de la Base Datos Objetos Realizados, efectuando los ajustes y tratamientos adecuados. Una vez, la escultura está completa, puede ser variada de escala, añadir peana de apoyo, complementos, etc.The complete image of the object is formed by joining the images taken in the first (100), fourth (400) stages, and extracted from the Database Object Objects, making the appropriate adjustments and treatments. Once, the sculpture is complete, can be varied in scale, add support base, accessories, etc. 

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Acabado este proceso se dispone del objeto en fichero informático 3D, totalmente acabado y listo para la impresión en una máquina impresora tipo 3D, que permite obtener la replica del objeto en un formato tridimensional.Once this process is finished, the object is available in 3D computer file, fully finished and ready for printing on a 3D type printing machine, which allows to obtain the Replica of the object in a three-dimensional format.

Este objeto, ya finalizado, se incorpora a la Base Datos Objetos Realizados.This object, already finished, is incorporated into the Database Objects Made. 

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Sexto (600)Sixth (600)

Obtención del objeto mediante maquinas prototipado rápido 3DObtaining the object by rapid prototyping machines 3D

Existen multitud de impresoras 3D en el mercado que permiten obtener el objeto en tres dimensiones partiendo del fichero informático digital en 3D.There are many 3D printers in the market that allow to obtain the object in three dimensions starting from the 3D digital computer file.

El Prototipado Rápido (PR) es una moderna técnica, mediante la cual los objetos se construyen en unas máquinas, tipo impresoras, que van depositando material en finas capas sucesivas, siguiendo las instrucciones enviadas por el ordenador. Los sistemas de PR depositan polvo y liquido aglutinante para formar las capas. Al final del proceso disponemos del objeto. Ejemplos de PR y técnicas incluyen estereolitografía (SLA), sintetizado por láser selectivo (SLS), modelado por fusión de deposición (FDM), manufactura por laminación de objeto (LOM), impresión tridimensional por chorro tinta (3DP).Rapid Prototyping (PR) is a modern technique, by which objects are built in ones machines, type printers, that deposit material in thin successive layers, following the instructions sent by the computer. PR systems deposit dust and binder liquid to form the layers. At the end of the process we have the object. Examples of PR and techniques include stereolithography (SLA), Selective laser synthesized (SLS), fusion modeling of deposition (FDM), manufacturing by object lamination (LOM), three-dimensional inkjet printing (3DP).

Los sistemas de PR pueden utilizar un abanico muy amplio de materiales; plástico, cerámica, metales, etc.PR systems can use a fan very wide of materials; plastic, ceramics, metals, etc. 

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Séptimo (700)Seventh (700)

Obtención del objeto, a partir de la pieza obtenida por prototipado rápido, por procedimientos y materiales diversosObtaining the object, from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping, by diverse procedures and materials

Se dispone de una gran variedad de tipos procesos y tipos materiales para obtener réplicas del objeto que se obtuvo por prototipado rápido. Materiales en los que se puede obtener son, entre otros, bronce, plata, oro, etc.A variety of types are available processes and material types to obtain replicas of the object to be obtained by rapid prototyping. Materials in which you can obtain are, among others, bronze, silver, gold, etc.

Claims (8)

1. Método para obtención de esculturas artísticas de objetos, que incluye las siguientes etapas:1. Method for obtaining sculptures Artistic objects, which includes the following stages:
Toma datos del objeto (100) mediante el escaneo en 3D;Take data from object (100) by 3D scanning;
Análisis (200) de los datos de las imágenes obtenidas en (100), con consulta a una Base de Datos de Objetos Realizados para incorporar las partes utilizables, atendiendo a los gustos de la persona, para el planteamiento de la estrategia de realización de la escultura;Analysis (200) of the image data obtained in (100), with consultation of a Database of Objects Made to incorporate the parts usable, according to the tastes of the person, for the approach of the strategy of realization of the sculpture;
Realización mediante escultura manual, por parte de un artista escultor, de las partes del objeto requeridas (300);Realization by manual sculpture, by a sculptor, of the required parts of the object (300);
Escaneo (400) en 3D de las partes realizadas por el artista;Scan (400) in 3D of the parts made by the artist;
Composición (500) del objeto completo en 3D, mediante modificación y unión de las imágenes 3D obtenidas por; el escaneo inicial (100), escaneo partes esculpidas por el artista (300) e incorporación de las partes desde la Base de Datos de Objetos Realizados; yComposition (500) of the complete 3D object, by modification and union of the 3D images obtained by; the initial scan (100), scan parts sculpted by the artist (300) and incorporation of the parties from the Database of Objects Made; Y
Obtención de una replica (600) del objeto mediante prototipado rápido.Obtaining a Replica (600) of the object by rapid prototyping.
2. Método, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender además la obtención de una nueva réplica del objeto (700) de fundición de metal u otros materiales a partir de la pieza obtenida por prototipado rápido.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises obtaining a new replica of the object (700) of cast iron or other materials from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping. 3. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizado por comprender el cambio de escala de la pieza obtenida respecto al original.3. Method according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises the change of scale of the piece obtained with respect to the original. 4. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque la etapa inicial de toma de datos del objeto incluye la obtención de imágenes digitales en tres y dos dimensiones, así como la toma de apuntes del artista escultor que incluye la realización de bocetos con imágenes y notas.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the initial stage of data collection of the object includes obtaining digital images in three and two dimensions, as well as taking notes of the sculptor artist that includes the realization of Sketches with images and notes. 5. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, caracterizado porque la etapa de análisis de los datos obtenidos con consulta a una Base de Datos de Objetos Realizados, comprende la definición de la estrategia de montaje de la imagen completa en 3D, en función de;5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the step of analyzing the data obtained with consultation of a Database of Performed Objects, comprises the definition of the assembly strategy of the complete 3D image, in function of;
La calidad de las imágenes obtenidas;The quality of the images obtained;
Los antecedentes existentes en la consulta realizada a la base de datos de objetos realizados; yBackground existing in the query made to the object database made; Y
Los gustos de la persona.The tastes of the person.
6. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, caracterizado porque en la etapa de realización por parte del artista escultor de las partes del objeto fijadas (300) se realiza una escultura manual en un material tradicional, arcilla u otros materiales plásticos, de aquellas partes del objeto establecidas en la etapa de análisis (200), tales como la cabellera, cejas, ojos, hombros, peanas, collares, lazos o adornos.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the stage of realization by the sculptor of the fixed parts of the object (300) a manual sculpture is made of a traditional material, clay or other plastic materials, of those parts of the object established in the analysis stage (200), such as the hair, eyebrows, eyes, shoulders, bases, necklaces, ties or ornaments. 7. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizado porque la etapa de obtención del objeto completo en 3D, se realiza por medio de ordenador, mediante la modificación y unión de las imágenes 3D obtenidas por el escaneo inicial, el escaneo partes esculpidas por el artista y por elementos de la base de datos de objetos realizados.7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the step of obtaining the complete 3D object is performed by means of a computer, by modifying and joining the 3D images obtained by the initial scan, the scanning parts sculpted by the artist and elements of the database of objects made. 8. Método, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 7, caracterizado porque se incorpora a la base de datos la imagen en 3D del objeto completo, así como de las partes esculpidas y/o escaneadas independientemente.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the 3D image of the complete object is incorporated into the database, as well as of the parts sculpted and / or independently scanned.
ES200801090A 2008-04-16 2008-04-16 METHOD FOR OBTAINING ARTISTIC SCULPTURES OF OBJECTS. Expired - Fee Related ES2306619B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1277112A (en) * 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 张吉州 Automatic head sculpture making system using parallel light method
US20020048396A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-25 Bewley Wilbur C. Apparatus and method for three-dimensional scanning of a subject, fabrication of a natural color model therefrom, and the model produced thereby
GB2387731A (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-22 Delcam Plc Deriving a 3D model from a scan of an object
GB2441349A (en) * 2006-09-04 2008-03-05 Univ Plymouth A method for the scanning and preparation of a 3D object

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1277112A (en) * 1999-06-11 2000-12-20 张吉州 Automatic head sculpture making system using parallel light method
US20020048396A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-25 Bewley Wilbur C. Apparatus and method for three-dimensional scanning of a subject, fabrication of a natural color model therefrom, and the model produced thereby
GB2387731A (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-22 Delcam Plc Deriving a 3D model from a scan of an object
GB2441349A (en) * 2006-09-04 2008-03-05 Univ Plymouth A method for the scanning and preparation of a 3D object

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