ES2246612A1 - Vibratory sorter of non deformable solids, includes two successive sieves on a vibrator, with hoppers receiving the solids passed by the sieves - Google Patents

Vibratory sorter of non deformable solids, includes two successive sieves on a vibrator, with hoppers receiving the solids passed by the sieves

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Publication number
ES2246612A1
ES2246612A1 ES200202571A ES200202571A ES2246612A1 ES 2246612 A1 ES2246612 A1 ES 2246612A1 ES 200202571 A ES200202571 A ES 200202571A ES 200202571 A ES200202571 A ES 200202571A ES 2246612 A1 ES2246612 A1 ES 2246612A1
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Spain
Prior art keywords
solids
sieves
frame
screens
vibrator
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Granted
Application number
ES200202571A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2246612B1 (en
Inventor
Diego Francisco Frutos Tomas
Antonio Lopez Zapata
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to ES200202571A priority Critical patent/ES2246612B1/en
Publication of ES2246612A1 publication Critical patent/ES2246612A1/en
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Publication of ES2246612B1 publication Critical patent/ES2246612B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/30Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro within their own plane in or approximately in or transverse to the direction of conveyance

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

The vibratory sorter of non-deformable solids has two sieves in a mobile frame on a vibrator, serving two hoppers. The first hopper collects the passing solids of the first sieve, while the larger fraction goes to the second sieve for further collection of the solids.

Description

Calibradora por vibración para sólidos no deformables.Vibration calibrator for non solids deformable

Indicación del sector de la técnicaIndication of the technical sector

La calibradora por vibración que se describe se ha inventado para su aplicación en el calibrado de sólidos que no se deformen en condiciones normales. El calibrado se produce con gran rapidez y buen rendimiento aprovechando la energía suministrada por un vibrador a unas cribas que dejan pasar los elementos de calibre inferior al de ellas. La vibración transmitida a las cribas permite el avance del producto calibrado. El control de la vibración se consigue con los apoyos antivibradores que sujetan a las cribas y con la posición del motor con respecto al plano de las mismas.The vibration calibrator described is has invented for application in the calibration of solids that do not They deform under normal conditions. Calibration occurs with great speed and good performance using energy supplied by a vibrator to screens that let the elements of caliber lower than theirs. The transmitted vibration the screens allow the advance of the calibrated product. The control of vibration is achieved with the anti-vibration supports that hold the screens and the position of the engine with respect to the plane of the same.

Estado de la técnicaState of the art

La mayor parte de las calibradoras de productos agrícolas frescos actualmente presentes en el mercado se basan en el recorrido entre dos correas divergentes de material flexible que avanzan movidas por un motor con reductora sobre guías fijas regulables en anchura. El producto cae entre las dos correas móviles en función de su diámetro, en un punto del recorrido en donde este es menor que la distancia entre las dos correas.Most product calibrators Fresh agricultural products currently present in the market are based on the path between two divergent straps of flexible material that move forward by a motor with reducer on fixed guides adjustable in width. The product falls between the two mobile straps depending on its diameter, at a point on the route where it is It is less than the distance between the two straps.

Otras calibradoras para fruta fresca tienen en cuenta el peso de los objetos procesados, que se recogen en alvéolos. Estos alvéolos expulsan el objeto seleccionado por mecanismos de vuelco o de apertura de una trampilla cuando el peso de aquel sobrepasa un umbral predeterminado. En este caso los alvéolos se montan en forma de cinta móvil sobre guías rodantes que se desplazan sobre raíles.Other calibrators for fresh fruit have in counts the weight of the processed objects, which are collected in alveoli These alveoli eject the object selected by overturning or opening mechanisms of a trapdoor when the weight of that exceeds a predetermined threshold. In this case the alveoli are mounted in the form of a moving belt on rolling guides that They move on rails.

En ambos sistemas de calibrado la separación de los tamaños se produce por un mecanismo de sujeción que actúa en función del peso y del tramo recorrido.In both calibration systems the separation of the sizes are produced by a clamping mechanism that acts on function of the weight and the section traveled.

Un tercer sistema utilizado en frutos secos con cáscara y en clasificación de áridos consiste en el paso por diversos cilindros de chapa perforada con agujeros circulares de diverso diámetro. Estos cilindros giran alrededor de un eje, y en su pared interior llevan soldada una hélice de chapa que al girar empuja al producto situado en el interior del cilindro. Cada elemento del producto queda calibrado al pasar por los agujeros de diámetro mayor que el suyo propio, por donde salen al exterior, en donde se recogen y clasifican por calibres. Las máquinas basadas en los sistemas de calibrado anteriormente descritos suelen ser de grandes dimensiones y complicadas por tener elementos móviles accionados por cadenas o correas, y con motores reductores de velocidad. En muchos casos requieren la vigilancia permanente de personal cualificado porque se presentan roturas con bastante frecuencia. Su complejidad hace necesariamente que su coste sea elevado.A third system used in nuts with peel and in aggregate classification consists of passing through various perforated sheet cylinders with circular holes of different diameter These cylinders revolve around an axis, and in its inner wall is welded with a sheet metal propeller pushes the product inside the cylinder. Every product element is calibrated by passing through the holes of diameter larger than your own, where they go outside, in where they are collected and sorted by calipers. The machines based on the calibration systems described above are usually of large and complicated to have mobile elements driven by chains or belts, and with reducing motors of speed. In many cases they require permanent monitoring of qualified personnel because breakages occur with enough frequency. Its complexity necessarily makes its cost high.

Explicación de la invenciónExplanation of the invention.

La necesidad de hallar una solución menos costosa y de mayor eficacia para el calibrado de sólidos no deformables se ha concretado en la invención de la calibradora por vibración representada en por las figuras 1 y 2, que se corresponden con los alzados lateral y frontal, por la figura 3 correspondiente a la planta, y por la figura 4, que muestra una perspectiva isométrica (pág. 7).The need to find a less expensive solution and more efficient for the calibration of non-deformable solids is has specified in the invention of the vibration calibrator represented by figures 1 and 2, which correspond to the side and front elevations, by figure 3 corresponding to the plant, and by figure 4, which shows an isometric perspective (p. 7).

El avance del producto en la calibradora por vibración se consigue situando el vibrador (7) convenientemente. La dirección de la fuerza centrífuga generada debe tener la misma dirección que el plano de calibrado para permitir el avance máximo del producto sin intervenir ninguna otra fuerza. Sin embargo, en ocasiones será conveniente dar una inclinación al referido plano para frenar o adelantar la velocidad del producto objeto de calibración. En tal caso la fuerza instantánea de avance es la resultante de la fuerza centrífuga y de la componente tangencial del propio peso de cada objeto que se procesa.The advance of the product in the calibrator by Vibration is achieved by placing the vibrator (7) conveniently. The generated centrifugal force direction must have the same direction than the calibration plane to allow maximum advance of the product without any other force intervening. However, in Sometimes it will be convenient to give an inclination to the referred plan to slow or advance the speed of the product subject to calibration. In this case the instantaneous force of advance is the resulting from the centrifugal force and the tangential component of the weight of each object that is processed.

La ventaja de incorporar a las calibradoras un sistema de avance por vibración consiste en la sustitución de los órganos de transmisión del movimiento de avance y de los mecanismos de apertura y vuelco de alvéolos. Tal sustitución permite simplificar el calibrado, con el consiguiente aumento del rendimiento y disminución de costos de equipo, procesado y mantenimiento.The advantage of incorporating a Vibration advance system consists of replacing the transmission organs of the forward movement and mechanisms of opening and overturning of alveoli. Such replacement allows simplify calibration, with the consequent increase in performance and decrease of equipment costs, processed and maintenance.

Descripción del contenido de los dibujosDescription of the content of the drawings

La máquina calibradora por vibración (figuras 1, 2, 3 y 4) en esencia consiste en un bastidor móvil (1) que vibra por la acción de un motor (7) solidario con el mismo por estar sujeto mediante tornillos (9) a una pletina (2) soldada al bastidor (1). Este bastidor vibrante, al que se suelda una chapa perimetral (3) para evitar que se salga el producto que se calibra, se une a otro bastidor fijo (4) mediante cuatro elementos flexibles o antivibradores (6). El bastidor fijo (4) va soldado sobre cuatro patas (5) para establecer una altura de trabajo conveniente en cada caso. En la parte superior del plano de las cribas (10 y 11), se vierte el material objeto de calibración por el extremo opuesto al vertedero (16). Si el diámetro de este es superior a la distancia entre los redondos de la criba (11), el material pasa a la siguiente criba (10), y si es inferior cae a la tolva (15), situada bajo esta criba (11), y se recoge a su salida por el vertedero correspondiente (13). El material que llega a la criba (10) sufre idéntico proceso. Es decir, si el diámetro es superior a la distancia entre redondos de la criba (10), se desplaza sobre ella y sale por el vertedero superior (16). Y si es de calibre inferior a la separación de los redondos de la criba (10), cae a la tolva inferior (14) y sale por el vertedero de la misma (12). El motor (7) queda separado del producto que se calibra por la propia pletina (2) a la que va sujeto por los adecuados tornillos (9), aunque su colocación con respecto al bastidor móvil (1) puede cambiar a conveniencia, situándolo incluso en un lateral de la chapa (3) si se estima conveniente. Las cribas (10 y 11) pueden ser de redondos como los que se representan en las figuras 1 a 4 (pág. 7), de acero o de cualquier otro material. También pueden estar constituidos por dos mallas, o por dos chapas perforadas acopladas que sustituirían a las cribas de redondos (10 y 11).The vibration calibrating machine (figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) essentially consists of a mobile frame (1) that vibrates by the action of a motor (7) in solidarity with it for being fastened by screws (9) to a plate (2) welded to the frame (one). This vibrating frame, to which a perimeter sheet is welded (3) to prevent the product being calibrated out, it joins another fixed frame (4) by four flexible elements or antivibrators (6). The fixed frame (4) is welded on four legs (5) to establish a convenient working height in each case. At the top of the screen plane (10 and 11), pour the calibration material at the opposite end of the landfill (16). If the diameter of this is greater than the distance between the rounds of the sieve (11), the material passes to the next screen (10), and if it is lower it falls into the hopper (15), located under this sieve (11), and is picked up at the exit through the landfill corresponding (13). The material that reaches the screen (10) suffers identical process. That is, if the diameter is greater than the distance between rounds of the sieve (10), moves over it and it goes out through the upper dump (16). And if it is less than the separation of the rounds of the sieve (10), falls into the hopper lower (14) and leaves through the landfill of the same (12). The motor (7) is separated from the product that is calibrated by the own plate (2) to which it is attached by the appropriate screws (9), although its placement with respect to the mobile frame (1) can change to convenience, placing it even on one side of the sheet (3) if deemed convenient. The screens (10 and 11) can be round like those shown in figures 1 to 4 (p. 7), of steel or any other material. Can also be consisting of two meshes, or two perforated plates coupled which would replace round sieves (10 and 11).

Modo de realización de la invención. Primer prototipoEmbodiment of the invention. First prototype

El tamaño de la máquina y la cantidad de producto calibrado por unidad de tiempo, así como la potencia de vibración, se determinarán en cada caso según la conveniencia, ajustándose en todo momento a las necesidades del trabajo de calibrado que se desea realizar. Ya se ha construido un primer prototipo de la mesa calibradora representada en las figuras 1 a 4 que se ha aplicado con éxito al calibrado de nueces en cáscara. Para ello se construyó un bastidor fijo de hierro electrosoldado de sección cuadrada de 6 centímetros de lado, sobre cuatro patas del mismo material. El bastidor móvil correspondiente se construyó con perfil L de 4 centímetros de lado, electrosoldado. Ambos bastidores se unieron con antivibradores sineblock acoplados entre los bastidores fijo y móvil. Sobre este último se soldó una chapa perimetral de acero galvanizado de 0.6 mm de espesor, y las correspondientes tolvas y vertederos descritos anteriormente. En la parte central del bastidor móvil se instaló un vibrador eléctrico monofásico de ¼ de CV unido como ya se ha comentado a una chapa de 0.6 mm soldada al citado bastidor móvil, al que se le adaptaron dos cribas de redondos de acero de 4 mm de diámetro separadas 26 mm en la primera criba (11) y 34 mm en la segunda (10). El prototipo se ensayó al final de una línea de pelado y lavado de nueces con resultados muy positivos por la simplicidad del proceso, por el poco espacio ocupado y por la escasa potencia requerida.The size of the machine and the amount of product calibrated per unit of time, as well as the power of vibration, will be determined in each case according to the convenience, adjusting at all times to the needs of the calibration work to be performed. A first prototype of the calibrating table depicted in Figures 1 to 4 has already been built and has been successfully applied to shell nuts calibration. For this purpose, a fixed electro-welded iron frame with a square section of 6 centimeters on the side was built on four legs of the same material. The corresponding mobile frame was constructed with an L-profile, 4 centimeters side, welded. Both racks joined with sineblock dampers coupled between the fixed and mobile racks. A galvanized steel perimeter sheet 0.6 mm thick was welded on the latter, and the corresponding hoppers and dumps described above. In the central part of the mobile frame, a single-phase electric ¼ CV vibrator was installed, as already mentioned to a 0.6 mm sheet welded to said mobile frame, to which two round 4 mm steel sieves were adapted. 26 mm diameter separated in the first screen (11) and 34 mm in the second (10). The prototype was tested at the end of a line of peeling and washing nuts with very positive results due to the simplicity of the process, the low space occupied and the low power required.

Aplicación industrialIndustrial application

Con el debido intercambio de las cribas (10 y 11), la calibradora por vibración podrá utilizarse en el calibrado de una amplia gama de productos agrícolas, como frutos secos, legumbres, tubérculos, rizomas, bulbos, cormos y semillas.With the proper exchange of the screens (10 and 11), the vibration calibrator can be used in calibration of a wide range of agricultural products, such as nuts, legumes, tubers, rhizomes, bulbs, corms and seeds.

Cualquier proceso de tamizado y calibrado de sólidos no deformables podrá tratarse con las adaptaciones convenientes tanto en la Industria Agroalimentaria como en otras industrias. Asimismo, el tamizado de áridos para la construcción será susceptible de tratamiento siguiendo el principio de funcionamiento de esta máquina.Any screening and calibration process of non-deformable solids may be treated with adaptations suitable both in the Food Industry and in others industries. Also, sieving aggregates for construction will be subject to treatment following the principle of How this machine works.

El calibrado de la fruta fresca se podrá realizar protegiendo las cribas con material blando que evite el golpeo de la fruta.Fresh fruit calibration can be done protecting the screens with soft material that prevents the hit of Fruit.

Claims (2)

1. Calibradora por vibración para sólidos indeformables caracterizada por un bastidor fijo al que se acopla, mediante varios elementos flexibles o antivibradores, otro bastidor móvil solidario con un motor vibrador, que produce el avance sobre las cribas del producto que se está calibrando. Al bastidor superior vibrante se le adaptan una o varias cribas de redondos paralelos, de malla o de chapa perforada con agujeros de diverso calibre por el que pasan los objetos calibrados de menor diámetro que la distancia entre redondos, que el tamaño de la cuadrícula de malla o que el diámetro del agujero de la chapa perforada respectivamente.1. Vibration calibrator for non-deformable solids characterized by a fixed frame to which another mobile solidarity frame with a vibrating motor is coupled by means of several flexible or anti-vibration elements, which produces the advance on the screens of the product being calibrated. The vibrating upper frame is fitted with one or several screens of parallel rounds, mesh or perforated sheet with holes of different caliber through which calibrated objects of smaller diameter than the distance between rounds pass, than the mesh grid size or that the hole diameter of the perforated sheet respectively. 2. Calibradora por vibración para sólidos indeformables según reivindicación primera, caracterizado porque el desplazamiento en las cribas es producido por la fuerza resultante de sumar la fuerza centrífuga instantánea que el vibrador transmite, o los vibradores transmiten, al bastidor y a las cribas con la componente tangencial del propio peso de los sólidos mientras se están calibrando.2. Vibration calibrator for non-deformable solids according to claim one, characterized in that the displacement in the screens is produced by the force resulting from adding the instantaneous centrifugal force that the vibrator transmits, or the vibrators transmit, to the frame and sieves with the tangential component of the solids own weight while they are being calibrated.
ES200202571A 2002-10-24 2002-10-24 VIBRATION CALIBRATOR FOR NON DEFORMABLE SOLIDS. Expired - Fee Related ES2246612B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200202571A ES2246612B1 (en) 2002-10-24 2002-10-24 VIBRATION CALIBRATOR FOR NON DEFORMABLE SOLIDS.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200202571A ES2246612B1 (en) 2002-10-24 2002-10-24 VIBRATION CALIBRATOR FOR NON DEFORMABLE SOLIDS.

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ES2246612A1 true ES2246612A1 (en) 2006-02-16
ES2246612B1 ES2246612B1 (en) 2007-08-16

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2140172A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-12-13 Swift & Co Vibrating screen
US3491881A (en) * 1968-03-15 1970-01-27 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Vibrating screen
NL8202660A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-02-01 Arnold Kirpestein Vibratory sorter and transporter for potato chips - has four screens through which chips are sorted, then transported into collector vessel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2140172A (en) * 1937-07-08 1938-12-13 Swift & Co Vibrating screen
US3491881A (en) * 1968-03-15 1970-01-27 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Vibrating screen
NL8202660A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-02-01 Arnold Kirpestein Vibratory sorter and transporter for potato chips - has four screens through which chips are sorted, then transported into collector vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2246612B1 (en) 2007-08-16

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