ES1248229U - SET OF PANELS FOR CLOSING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FACADES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

SET OF PANELS FOR CLOSING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FACADES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES1248229U
ES1248229U ES201932079U ES201932079U ES1248229U ES 1248229 U ES1248229 U ES 1248229U ES 201932079 U ES201932079 U ES 201932079U ES 201932079 U ES201932079 U ES 201932079U ES 1248229 U ES1248229 U ES 1248229U
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panel
panels
expanded polystyrene
metal rods
shape
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ES1248229Y (en
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Jamal Akoudad
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CONSTRUCCIONES INDUSTRIALES EN BLOQUE, S.L.
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Abstract

Set of panels for closing and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the union of four panels joined by metal rods attached to the structure of the building and characterized in that said panels are made up as follows: - Exterior panel (1), in a parallelepipedic shape with an approximate thickness of 3/5 in relation to its other two dimensions, which have separate steps, upper and lower, the upper one open to the outside and the lower one open to the inside, presenting at least three cylindrical bores (8) in the area of the upper third and as many in the area of the lower third that will house the ends of one of the ends of two metal rods (11) that join all the panels; and the material from which this outer panel (1) is made will preferably be a mixture of white grit, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh, coloring pigments, all linked with water. - The next panel towards the interior, separated from the previous one (1) by an external ventilation area (2) is a polystyrene panel (3), in a parallelepipedic shape with an approximate thickness of 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions and where it can be seen in its upper part, in a central way, a rim (14) in the shape of a quadrangular straight prism along the entire upper part of the panel and in its lower part an internal notch (15) identical in negative of the upper flange (14) where the panel (3) also has at least three through holes (16) in the upper third and the same number in the lower third for the passage of the metallic rods (11) for connecting all the panels. - The next panel, expanded polystyrene interior panel (5) separated from the previous one (3) by an intermediate ventilation zone (4) is an expanded polystyrene panel with the same shape and characteristics as the expanded polystyrene panel (3). - The innermost panel is a plaster inner panel (7), totally symmetrical with the outer panel (1). The metal rods (11) that go through the expanded polystyrene panels (3) and (5) through the holes (16) are fixed inside the notches (8) and (9) of the panels (1) and (7) by means of adhesive (12) and have a separation cap for multilayer tube panels (10) to fix the separation between panels (1) and (7) with their adjacent expanded polystyrene (3) and (5). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

CONJUNTO DE PANELES PARA CERRAMIENTO Y AISLAMIENTO TÉRMICO DESET OF PANELS FOR CLOSING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF

FACHADAS VENTILADASVENTILATED FAÇADES

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La invención que se preconiza en esta patente lo es por un conjunto de paneles para cerramiento y aislamiento térmico de fachadas ventiladas basado en la aplicación de cuatro paneles de diferentes composiciones y con diferentes ventilaciones entre ellos, unidos por varillas metálicas que se fijan a la estructura de la edificación.The invention that is advocated in this patent is for a set of panels for closing and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the application of four panels of different compositions and with different ventilations between them, joined by metal rods that are fixed to the structure of the building.

CAMPO DE LA INVENCIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

El campo de la invención es de los fabricantes de paneles compuestos y de instaladores de fachadas.The field of the invention is that of composite panel manufacturers and facade installers.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Existen algunos antecedentes referidos a dispositivos similares.There is some history regarding similar devices.

Son conocidos dispositivos de revestimiento de fachadas de edificios, que consisten esencialmente en una estructura de elementos de soporte, normalmente vigas horizontales y/o verticales, que se fijan a la fachada del edificio y que soportan una pluralidad de paneles o elementos de revestimiento, tales como vidrios, aplacados de piedra, paneles aislantes, etc.Devices for cladding the facades of buildings are known, which essentially consist of a structure of support elements, usually horizontal and / or vertical beams, which are fixed to the facade of the building and which support a plurality of panels or cladding elements, such as such as glass, stone cladding, insulating panels, etc.

De manera específica, existen dispositivos de este tipo que permiten la fijación de unos primeros elementos de revestimiento y la fijación de unos segundos elementos de revestimiento.Specifically, there are devices of this type that allow the fixing of first cladding elements and the fixing of second cladding elements.

Los primeros elementos de revestimiento consisten en capas o paneles intermedios de aislamiento térmico, acústico, hidrófugos, etc.The first cladding elements consist of intermediate layers or panels of thermal, acoustic, water-repellent insulation, etc.

Los segundos elementos de revestimiento conforman la capa o pared exterior del edificio, y pueden consistir en placas de piedra, vidrio, etc.The second cladding elements make up the outer layer or wall of the building, and can consist of stone plates, glass, etc.

Uno de estos dispositivos se describe en el documento EP 1338719 A1, que da a conocer un sistema de fijación de paneles para la construcción de paredes.One of these devices is described in EP 1338719 A1, which discloses a panel fixing system for wall construction.

Dicho sistema comprende una estructura de soporte formada por una pluralidad de vigas verticales, fijadas al exterior de un edificio, y por una pluralidad de vigas horizontales para el soporte de los paneles, montadas con una separación vertical en la cara exterior de dichas vigas verticales.Said system comprises a support structure formed by a plurality of vertical beams, fixed to the outside of a building, and by a plurality of beams horizontals for the support of the panels, mounted with a vertical separation on the outer face of said vertical beams.

Cada panel de piedra está montado y soportado entre un par de vigas horizontales superior e inferior. Las vigas verticales tienen unas aletas laterales para soportar paneles aislantes.Each stone panel is mounted and supported between a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams. The vertical beams have lateral fins to support insulating panels.

En este dispositivo, los paneles aislantes deben atornillarse a las aletas laterales de las vigas verticales a efectos de soportar el peso de los mismos y las cargas del viento, lo cual hace que su montaje sea más lento.In this device, the insulating panels must be screwed to the lateral fins of the vertical beams in order to support their weight and wind loads, which makes their assembly slower.

Asimismo, los paneles aislantes no están apoyados en ningún elemento horizontal, de modo que todo el peso de dichos paneles es soportado por los tornillos, reduciendo la solidez del sistema.Likewise, the insulating panels are not supported by any horizontal element, so that the entire weight of said panels is supported by the screws, reducing the solidity of the system.

Por otro lado, debido a que las vigas horizontales están montadas en la cara exterior de las vigas verticales, el grosor general del dispositivo resulta considerable y muchas veces se observan los perfiles soportes.On the other hand, because the horizontal beams are mounted on the outer face of the vertical beams, the overall thickness of the device is considerable and the support profiles are often observed.

En la actualidad, la ejecución de soluciones de aislamiento térmico de edificación por el exterior se resuelve de dos formas principalmente.At present, the execution of thermal insulation solutions for buildings on the outside is solved in two main ways.

En el primer caso se aplica un aislamiento y sobre este se van aplicando sucesivas capas de mortero y ligantes hasta conseguir un acabado continuo.In the first case, insulation is applied and successive layers of mortar and binders are applied to this until a continuous finish is achieved.

Estas capas constituyen el acabado final, sobe el que pueden aplicar soluciones de mortero o pintura. El acabado superficial en este caso es muy limitado, y no permite aplacados, sean cerámicos o pétreos.These coats constitute the final finish, over which mortar or paint solutions can be applied. The surface finish in this case is very limited, and does not allow cladding, be they ceramic or stone.

En el segundo supuesto se ejecutan soluciones de fachadas montadas sobre una subestructura que separa el acabado de la fachada, con la utilización de aislamiento en la cámara como una solución de mejora de la envolvente de la edificación.In the second case, façade solutions are executed mounted on a substructure that separates the finish from the façade, with the use of insulation in the chamber as a solution to improve the building envelope.

Este sistema, conocido como fachada ventilada, debe evitar la propagación del fuego en su interior, disponiéndose los corta-fuegos obligatorios.This system, known as a ventilated façade, must prevent the spread of fire inside, providing the mandatory fire breaks.

Como acabado final se utilizan desde soluciones de paneles de aluminio o mixtos de composite, piezas de materiales rígidos, como piedra, paneles de fibrocemento, etc.As a final finish, they are used from solutions of aluminum or mixed composite panels, pieces of rigid materials, such as stone, fiber cement panels, etc.

La versatilidad de esta solución se consigue a costa de un coste elevado debido a la compleja subestructura de perfiles y anclajes necesaria y al montaje heterogéneo del aislamiento. The versatility of this solution is achieved at the cost of high cost due to the complex substructure of profiles and anchors required and the heterogeneous assembly of the insulation.

El sistema que proponemos se adapta a la edificación, es robusto, y su principal ventaja es que se consiguen altas prestaciones de aislamiento para fachadas ventiladas, a un coste muy bajo y con una facilidad constructiva importante ya que simplemente se van encajando los módulos en vertical y horizontal.The system we propose adapts to the building, it is robust, and its main advantage is that it achieves high insulation performance for ventilated facades, at a very low cost and with significant construction ease since the modules are simply fitted vertically and horizontal.

La solución propuesta resuelve los problemas de los revestimientos tradicionales. Dado que el panel está elaborado en fábrica bajo medidas de control y supervisión, el acabado es fiable y homogéneo.The proposed solution solves the problems of traditional coatings. Since the panel is manufactured in the factory under control and supervision measures, the finish is reliable and homogeneous.

Al mismo tiempo, los paneles del sistema propuesto, con su alta capacidad de soportar impactos ofrece la posibilidad de utilización en cualquier situación, ya sea en espacios interiores en los que los paramentos pudieran ser objeto de impactos, o en espacios exteriores, con capacidad de soportar las normales acciones a los que se ve sometido un espacio público.At the same time, the panels of the proposed system, with their high capacity to withstand impacts, offer the possibility of use in any situation, whether in interior spaces where the walls could be subject to impacts, or in exterior spaces, with the capacity to withstand the normal actions to which a public space is subjected.

El comportamiento de la solución aportada añade una preservación completa de la edificación, sin precisar mayor dotación que la del presente panel, para la obtención del ahorro energético objetivo.The behavior of the solution provided adds a complete preservation of the building, without requiring more equipment than that of the present panel, in order to obtain the objective energy savings.

Todos los materiales que intervienen en la consecución de este producto, están testados, dando como resultado un sistema de gran respeto al medio ambiente, que no implica riesgos para la salud de los usuarios finales, ni para las personas que lo manipulan, ya que posee además la propiedad de fotocatálisis solar que evita la formación de bacterias y moho.All the materials involved in the achievement of this product are tested, resulting in a system of great respect for the environment, which does not imply risks to the health of end users, or to the people who handle it, since it has also the property of solar photocatalysis that prevents the formation of bacteria and mold.

Por parte del inventor no se conoce ninguna anterioridad que incorpore las disposiciones que presenta la actual invención, ni las ventajas que conlleva dicha disposición.The inventor does not know of any prior art that incorporates the provisions presented by the current invention, nor the advantages that said provision entails.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La invención que se preconiza en esta patente lo es por un conjunto de paneles para cerramiento y aislamiento térmico de fachadas ventiladas basado en la unión de cuatro paneles unidos por varillas metálicas fijados a la estructura de la edificación.The invention that is advocated in this patent is for a set of panels for closing and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the union of four panels joined by metal rods fixed to the structure of the building.

En particular el conjunto se encuentra constituido por un panel exterior, de forma paralelepipédica, de espesor aproximado de 3/5 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones, que presenta sendos escalones, superior e inferior, el superior abierto hacia el exterior y el inferior abierto hacia el interior. Este panel presenta al menos tres taladros cilindricos en la zona del tercio superior y otras tantas en la zona del tercio inferior que alojarán los finales de uno de los extremos de sendas varillas metálicas que unen todos los paneles.In particular, the set is made up of an outer panel, parallelepipedic in shape, with a thickness of approximately 3/5 in relation to its other two dimensions, which has two steps, upper and lower, the upper one open towards the outside and the bottom open to the inside. This panel has at least three cylindrical holes in the area of the upper third and as many in the area of the lower third that will house the ends of one of the ends of the metal rods that join all the panels.

El material del que se encuentra constituido este panel exterior será preferentemente una mezcla de arenilla blanca, marmolina, cemento blanco, cemento gris, malla de fibra de vidrio, pigmentos colorantes, todo ello ligado con agua.The material from which this outer panel is made will preferably be a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh, coloring pigments, all bound with water.

El siguiente panel hacia el interior, separado del anterior por una zona exterior de ventilación es un panel de poliestireno expandido, de forma paralelepipédica de espesor aproximado de 3/10 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones.The next panel towards the interior, separated from the previous one by an external ventilation zone, is an expanded polystyrene panel, parallelepipedic in shape with a thickness of approximately 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions.

En dicho panel de poliestireno expandido se aprecia en su parte superior, de forma centrada, un reborde de forma de prisma recto cuadrangular a lo largo de toda la parte superior del panel y en su parte inferior se aprecia una muesca interior idéntica en negativo del reborde superior.In said expanded polystyrene panel, in its upper part, in a centered way, a rim in the shape of a quadrangular straight prism can be seen along the entire upper part of the panel and in its lower part an identical inner notch in negative of the rim can be seen higher.

El panel citado cuenta además con al menos tres taladros pasantes en el tercio superior y otros tantos en el tercio inferior para el paso de las varillas metálicas de unión de todos los paneles.The aforementioned panel also has at least three through holes in the upper third and as many in the lower third for the passage of the metal connecting rods of all the panels.

El siguiente panel, panel interior de poliestireno expandido separado del anterior por una zona intermedia de ventilación es un panel de poliestireno expandido de idéntica forma y características que el panel de poliestireno expandido anterior y donde la zona intermedia de ventilación también puede estar rellena de material inerte.The next panel, an internal expanded polystyrene panel separated from the previous one by an intermediate ventilation zone, is an expanded polystyrene panel with the same shape and characteristics as the previous expanded polystyrene panel and where the intermediate ventilation zone can also be filled with inert material. .

El panel más interior es un panel interior de escayola de forma totalmente simétrica del panel exterior.The innermost panel is an inner plaster panel completely symmetrical to the outer panel.

Las varillas metálicas que atraviesan los paneles de poliestireno expandido por los taladros se encuentran fijadas dentro de las muescas y de los paneles por medio de adhesivo y presentan un casquillo de separación de tubo multicapa, para fijar la separación entre los paneles interior y exterior con sus adyacentes de poliestireno expandido. The metal rods that pass through the expanded polystyrene panels by the holes are fixed inside the notches and the panels by means of adhesive and have a multilayer tube separation bushing, to fix the separation between the interior and exterior panels with their adjacent expanded polystyrene.

El material de los paneles en vez de poliestireno expandido puede ser de otro material cualquiera de parecidas características técnicas.The material of the panels, instead of expanded polystyrene, can be any other material with similar technical characteristics.

DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para una mejor comprensión de la invención se adjuntan dos hojas de planos en la que se aprecia lo siguienteFor a better understanding of the invention, two sheets of plans are attached in which the following can be seen

FIGURA 1- Vista lateral de los paneles.FIGURE 1- Side view of the panels.

FIGURA 2.- Vista en perspectiva de los panelesFIGURE 2.- Perspective view of the panels

Y en dichas figuras, con la misma referencia se denominan idénticos elementos, entre los que distinguimos:And in these figures, identical elements are called with the same reference, among which we distinguish:

(1) .- panel exterior,(1) .- outer panel,

(2) .- zona exterior de ventilación,(2) .- outdoor ventilation area,

(3) .- panel exterior de poliestireno expandido,(3) .- external expanded polystyrene panel,

(4) .- zona intermedia de ventilación o relleno,(4) .- intermediate ventilation or filling area,

(5) .- panel interior de poliestireno expandido,(5) .- interior panel of expanded polystyrene,

(6) .- zona interior de ventilación,(6) .- interior ventilation area,

(7) .- panel interior de escayola,(7) .- interior plaster panel,

(8) .- muesca interior del panel exterior,(8) .- inner notch of the outer panel,

(9) .- muesca interior del panel de escayola (7),(9) .- interior notch of the plaster panel (7),

(10) .- casquillo de separación de paneles de tubo multicapa(10) .- multilayer tube panel separation bushing

(11) .- varilla metálica,(11) .- metal rod,

(12) .- adhesivo(12) .- adhesive

(13) .- escalones de los paneles.(13) .- steps of the panels.

(14) .- reborde superior,(14) .- upper edge,

(15) .- muesca inferior de los paneles de poliestireno expandido,(15) .- lower notch of the expanded polystyrene panels,

(16) .- taladros pasantes,(16) .- through holes,

REALIZACION PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

La invención que se preconiza en esta patente lo es por un conjunto de paneles para cerramiento y aislamiento térmico de fachadas ventiladas basado en la unión de cuatro paneles unidos por varillas metálicas fijados a la estructura de la edificación. The invention advocated in this patent is for a set of panels for enclosure and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the union of four panels joined by metal rods fixed to the structure of the building.

En particular el conjunto se encuentra constituido por un panel exterior (1), de forma paralelepipédica, de espesor aproximado de 3/5 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones que presenta sendos escalones, superior e inferior, el superior abierto hacia el exterior y el inferior abierto hacia el interior. Este panel (1) presenta al menos tres taladros cilíndricos (8) en la zona del tercio superior y otras tantas en la zona del tercio inferior que alojarán los finales de uno de los extremos de sendas varillas metálicas (11) que unen todos los paneles.In particular, the set is made up of an outer panel (1), parallelepipedic in shape, with a thickness of approximately 3/5 in relation to its other two dimensions, which has two steps, upper and lower, the upper one open towards the outside and the upper bottom open inward. This panel (1) has at least three cylindrical holes (8) in the area of the upper third and as many in the area of the lower third that will house the ends of one of the ends of the respective metal rods (11) that join all the panels .

El material del que se encuentra constituido este panel exterior (1) será preferentemente una mezcla de arenilla blanca, marmolina, cemento blanco, cemento gris, malla de fibra de vidrio, pigmentos colorantes, todo ello ligado con agua.The material from which this outer panel (1) is made will preferably be a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh, coloring pigments, all bound with water.

El siguiente panel hacia el interior, separado del anterior (1) por una zona exterior de ventilación (2) es un panel de poliestireno (3), de forma paralelepipédica de espesor aproximado de 3/10 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones.The next panel inwards, separated from the previous one (1) by an external ventilation zone (2), is a polystyrene panel (3), of parallelepipedic shape with a thickness of approximately 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions.

En dicho panel de poliestireno expandido (3) se aprecia en su parte superior, de forma centrada, un reborde (14) de forma de prisma recto cuadrangular a lo largo de toda la parte superior del panel y en su parte inferior se aprecia una muesca interior (15) idéntica en negativo del reborde superior (14).In said expanded polystyrene panel (3), a rim (14) in the shape of a quadrangular straight prism can be seen in its upper part, in a centered way, along the entire upper part of the panel and in its lower part a notch is appreciated inside (15) identical in negative of the upper flange (14).

El panel (3) cuenta además con al menos tres taladros pasantes (16) en el tercio superior y otros tantos en el tercio inferior para el paso de las varillas metálicas (11) de unión de todos los paneles.The panel (3) also has at least three through holes (16) in the upper third and as many in the lower third for the passage of the metal rods (11) that join all the panels.

El siguiente panel, panel interior de poliestireno expandido (5) separado del anterior (3) por una zona intermedia de ventilación (4) es un panel de poliestireno expandido de idéntica forma y características que el panel de poliestireno expandido (3).The next panel, an internal expanded polystyrene panel (5) separated from the previous one (3) by an intermediate ventilation zone (4), is an expanded polystyrene panel with the same shape and characteristics as the expanded polystyrene panel (3).

La zona intermedia de ventilación (4) también puede estar rellena de material inerte.The intermediate ventilation zone (4) can also be filled with inert material.

El panel más interior es un panel interior de escayola (7) de forma totalmente simétrica del panel exterior (1). The innermost panel is an inner plaster panel (7) completely symmetrical to the outer panel (1).

Las varillas metálicas (11) que atraviesan los paneles de poliestireno expandido (3) y (5) por los taladros (16) se encuentran fijadas dentro de las muescas (8) y (9) de los paneles (1) y (7) por medio de adhesivo (12) y presentan un casquillo de separación de paneles de tubo multicapa (10) para fijar la separación entre los paneles (1) y (7) con sus adyacentes de poliestireno expandido (3) y (5).The metal rods (11) that pass through the expanded polystyrene panels (3) and (5) through the holes (16) are fixed inside the notches (8) and (9) of the panels (1) and (7) by means of adhesive (12) and have a multilayer tube panel separation bushing (10) to fix the separation between the panels (1) and (7) with their adjacent expanded polystyrene panels (3) and (5).

El material de los paneles de fabricación de los paneles (3) y (5) en vez de poliestireno expandido puede ser de otro material cualquiera de parecidas características técnicasThe material of the manufacturing panels of panels (3) and (5) instead of expanded polystyrene can be any other material with similar technical characteristics

Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, así como la manera de llevarse a la práctica, debe hacerse constar que las disposiciones anteriormente indicadas y representadas en los dibujos adjuntos son susceptibles de modificaciones de detalle en cuanto no alteren sus principios fundamentales, establecidos en los párrafos anteriores y resumidos en las siguientes reivindicaciones. Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the way in which it is put into practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are susceptible to detailed modifications as long as they do not alter its fundamental principles, established in the paragraphs above and summarized in the following claims.

Claims (2)

REIVINDICACIONES 1a.- CONJUNTO DE PANELES PARA CERRAMIENTO Y AISLAMIENTO TÉRMICO DE FACHADAS VENTILADAS basado en la unión de cuatro paneles unidos por varillas metálicas fijados a la estructura de la edificación y caracterizado porque los citados paneles se encuentran constituidos de la siguiente forma:1a.- SET OF PANELS FOR CLOSING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FAÇADES based on the union of four panels joined by metal rods fixed to the structure of the building and characterized in that the aforementioned panels are constituted as follows: - Panel exterior (1), de forma paralelepipédica de espesor aproximado de 3/5 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones que presenta sendos escalones, superior e inferior, el superior abierto hacia el exterior y el inferior abierto hacia el interior, presentando al menos tres taladros cilíndricos (8) en la zona del tercio superior y otras tantas en la zona del tercio inferior que alojarán los finales de uno de los extremos de sendas varillas metálicas (11) que unen todos los paneles; y el material del que se encuentra constituido este panel exterior (1) será preferentemente una mezcla de arenilla blanca, marmolina, cemento blanco, cemento gris, malla de fibra de vidrio, pigmentos colorantes todo ello ligado con agua.- Exterior panel (1), of a parallelepipedic shape with a thickness of approximately 3/5 in relation to its other two dimensions, which has two steps, upper and lower, the upper one open to the outside and the lower one open to the inside, presenting at least three cylindrical holes (8) in the area of the upper third and as many in the area of the lower third that will house the ends of one of the ends of the respective metal rods (11) that join all the panels; and the material from which this outer panel (1) is made will preferably be a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh, and coloring pigments all bound with water. - El siguiente panel hacia el interior, separado del anterior (1) por una zona exterior de ventilación (2) es un panel de poliestireno (3), de forma paralelepipédica de espesor aproximado de 3/10 en relación con sus otras dos dimensiones y donde se aprecia en su parte superior, de forma centrada, un reborde (14) de forma de prisma recto cuadrangular a lo largo de toda la parte superior del panel y en su parte inferior se aprecia una muesca interior (15) idéntica en negativo del reborde superior (14) donde el panel (3) cuenta además con al menos tres taladros pasantes (16) en el tercio superior y otros tantos en el tercio inferior para el paso de las varillas metálicas (11) de unión de todos los paneles.- The next panel towards the interior, separated from the previous one (1) by an external ventilation zone (2) is a polystyrene panel (3), parallelepipedic in shape with a thickness of approximately 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions and where you can see in its upper part, in a centered way, a rim (14) in the shape of a quadrangular right prism along the entire upper part of the panel and in its lower part an inner notch (15) identical in negative of the upper edge (14) where the panel (3) also has at least three through holes (16) in the upper third and as many in the lower third for the passage of the metal rods (11) for joining all the panels. - El siguiente panel, panel interior de poliestireno expandido (5) separado del anterior (3) por una zona intermedia de ventilación (4) es un panel de poliestireno expandido de idéntica forma y características que el panel de poliestireno expandido (3).- The next panel, an internal expanded polystyrene panel (5) separated from the previous one (3) by an intermediate ventilation zone (4) is an expanded polystyrene panel with the same shape and characteristics as the expanded polystyrene panel (3). - El panel más interior es un panel interior de escayola (7) de forma totalmente simétrica del panel exterior (1).- The innermost panel is an inner plaster panel (7) in a totally symmetrical way to the outer panel (1). Las varillas metálicas (11) que atraviesan los paneles de poliestireno expandido (3) y (5) por los taladros (16) se encuentran fijadas dentro de las muescas (8) y (9) de los paneles (1) y (7) por medio de adhesivo (12) y presentan un casquillo de separación de paneles de tubo multicapa (10) para fijar la separación entre los paneles (1) y (7) con sus adyacentes de poliestireno expandido (3) y (5).The metal rods (11) that pass through the expanded polystyrene panels (3) and (5) through the holes (16) are fixed inside the notches (8) and (9) of the panels (1) and (7) by means of adhesive (12) and have a separation bushing panels of multilayer tube (10) to fix the separation between the panels (1) and (7) with their adjacent expanded polystyrene (3) and (5). 2a.- CONJUNTO DE PANELES PARA CERRAMIENTO Y AISLAMIENTO TÉRMICO DE FACHADAS VENTILADAS basado en la unión de cuatro paneles unidos por varillas metálicas fijados a la estructura de la edificación de acuerdo con la ia reivindicación y caracterizado porque la zona intermedia de ventilación (4) también puede estar rellena de material inerte. 2a.- SET OF PANELS FOR CLOSING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FACADES based on the union of four panels joined by metal rods fixed to the structure of the building according to claim ia and characterized in that the intermediate ventilation zone (4) also it can be filled with inert material.
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