EP4385286A1 - Vitrage chauffant pour véhicule - Google Patents

Vitrage chauffant pour véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP4385286A1
EP4385286A1 EP22754321.2A EP22754321A EP4385286A1 EP 4385286 A1 EP4385286 A1 EP 4385286A1 EP 22754321 A EP22754321 A EP 22754321A EP 4385286 A1 EP4385286 A1 EP 4385286A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
area
pane
vehicle glazing
electrically conductive
functional layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22754321.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph KIRCH
Dirk VICTOR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP4385286A1 publication Critical patent/EP4385286A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
    • B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
    • B32B17/10266—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on glass pane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B32B17/10302—Edge sealing
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
    • B32B17/1066—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments imparting a tint in certain regions only, i.e. shade band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/142—Variation across the area of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
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    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to vehicle glazing, in particular a panorama pane, a method for producing the vehicle glazing and its use.
  • New manufacturing methods enable the production of glazing with complex shapes and equally large dimensions.
  • An example of complex shapes are the windshields in the automotive sector.
  • a windshield extended into the roof area of a vehicle is referred to as a so-called panoramic windshield.
  • Such a windshield enables the occupants of the vehicle to have an unobstructed view upwards and thus conveys a new driving experience.
  • Glazing is increasingly being provided with large, electrically conductive layers that are transparent to visible light. These layers are metal-based and are referred to as functional layers. For example, high demands are placed on vehicle windows with regard to their heat-insulating properties for reasons of energy saving and comfort. It is known to equip vehicle windows with transparent, electrically conductive coatings with IR-reflecting properties. A distinction can be made between sun protection coatings and emissivity-reducing coatings (LowE coatings). Sun protection coatings reflect parts of the sun's radiation in the near infrared spectrum and prevent it from heating up the vehicle interior. They typically have one or more layers of silver.
  • Emissivity-reducing coatings reflect radiation in a comparatively more distant IR range, in particular the thermal radiation that emanates from a heated pane of glass. The penetration of thermal radiation into the vehicle interior is reduced, which also causes the interior to heat up less. In winter, when outside temperatures are low, the heat from the interior is prevented from radiating to the outside environment.
  • Emissivity-reducing coatings can contain, for example, reflective layers based on indium tin oxide (ITO) or other transparent conductive oxides (TCO), as known, for example, from WO 2013/131667A1. Without such a coating on the surface of a pane facing the vehicle interior, the pane can act as a heat sink. This is perceived as unpleasant by the occupants, particularly in the head area.
  • WO 2010/043598 A1 discloses a vehicle window with an electrical heating layer which causes the vehicle window to be heated in a targeted manner by applying an electrical voltage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide improved vehicle glazing with an electrically conductive functional layer and a method for its production.
  • the vehicle glazing according to the invention in particular a panoramic pane, comprises at least a first pane and a second pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the vehicle glazing has an electrically conductive functional layer, which is arranged on an inner surface of the second pane facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer, as well as a first area and an electrically heatable second area, the first area being a visual area provided with a central field of vision of the vehicle glazing and the second area is formed as a roof area provided with a curvature.
  • the second area is provided with a heating element, which comprises two bus bars and at least partially the electrically conductive functional layer, so that when an electrical voltage is applied to the bus bars, a current flows through the electrically conductive functional layer.
  • the first area is separated from the second area by a third, electrically insulating area.
  • the vehicle glazing can be designed as a laminated pane, in particular a windshield, panoramic windshield or panoramic rear window.
  • a panorama window is a windscreen or rear window in which the second, upper area of the window has been significantly lengthened so that it encompasses part of the vehicle roof.
  • the second area of the windshield or rear window comprises a portion of the roof over the front or rear seating area of a vehicle is arranged.
  • such vehicle glazing offers the occupants an extended vertical viewing angle.
  • the invention is based, among other things, on the idea of actively heating the vehicle glazing designed as a windshield in the upper area, which in one installed position offers a visible surface extending into the roof area, in order to prevent the head area of the occupants sitting under the roof area from cooling down.
  • a key advantage is that the space between the vehicle glazing and the occupants' heads heats up quickly, avoiding a heat sink in the area of the vehicle glazing directly above the occupants' heads. Furthermore, the second, heatable area can be freed from condensation from moisture and kept free of condensation in winter operation or cold operation.
  • the second, heatable area can be arranged in the installed position in the upper partial area of the vehicle glazing.
  • the second area protrudes backwards in the longitudinal direction, in particular as seen in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, in the case of vehicle glazing designed as a windshield.
  • the second area is arranged above the first area. The second area extends into the plane of the roof.
  • the second, heatable area is located above the central field of vision (e.g. field of vision B). This means that the second area is arranged between the central field of vision and an upper edge of the vehicle glazing, in particular a windshield.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer is preferably transparent.
  • transparent means that the overall transmission of the vehicle glazing meets the legal requirements for windshields and front side windows and for visible light (in the spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm) preferably a transmission of more than 70% and in particular of more than 75%.
  • visible light in the spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm
  • transparent can also mean 15% to 70% light transmission.
  • “opaque” means a light transmission of less than 15%, preferably less than 5%, in particular 0%.
  • the busbars run in the installation position of the vehicle glazing essentially in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and/or parallel to two opposite side edges of the vehicle glazing. This achieves a particularly homogeneous heat distribution.
  • the electrical contact between the electrically conductive functional layer and the electrical power supply is made via the bus bars.
  • the busbars can be arranged in strips on two opposite sides of the electrically conductive functional layer. In particular, they can be designed as two strips running approximately parallel.
  • the busbars can have a width of 2 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 4 mm to 20 mm.
  • the length of a busbar depends on the extent of the area to be heated.
  • the length of the bus bars is typically essentially the same as the length of the side edge of the electrically conductive functional layer in the second area of the vehicle glazing, but it can also be slightly smaller.
  • the longer of its dimensions is referred to as the length and the shorter of its dimensions is referred to as the width.
  • More than two busbars can also be arranged on the electrically conductive functional layer, preferably in the edge area along two opposite side edges of the electrically conductive functional layer.
  • the layer thickness of the printed bus bars is preferably from 5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably from 8 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m.
  • Printed busbars with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity.
  • the specific resistance p a of the bus bars is preferably from 0.8 pOhm.cm to 7.0 pOhm.cm and particularly preferably from 1.0 pOhm.cm to 2.5 pOhm.cm. Busbars with specific resistances in this range are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity. Good results are achieved with this.
  • the printed busbars preferably contain at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metal compound and/or carbon, particularly preferably a precious metal and in particular silver.
  • the printing paste preferably contains metal particles and/or carbon and in particular noble metal particles such as silver particles.
  • the electrical conductivity is preferably achieved by the electrically conductive particles.
  • the particles can be in an organic and/or inorganic matrix such as pastes or inks, preferably as a printing paste with glass frits.
  • a bus bar can also be designed as a strip of an electrically conductive foil.
  • the busbar then contains, for example, at least aluminum, copper, tinned copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten and/or tin or alloys thereof.
  • the strip preferably has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
  • Busbars made of electrically conductive foils with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity.
  • the strip can be electrically conductively connected to the electrically conductive structure, for example via a soldering compound, via an electrically conductive adhesive or by direct application. These materials and their thicknesses are particularly advantageous with regard to very good conductivity of the busbars.
  • the busbars are electrically contacted by one or more leads.
  • the supply line is preferably in the form of a flexible film conductor (flat conductor, ribbon conductor). This is understood to mean an electrical conductor whose width is significantly greater than its thickness.
  • a foil conductor is, for example, a strip or tape containing or consisting of copper, tinned copper, aluminum, silver, gold or alloys thereof.
  • the foil conductor has, for example, a width of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm.
  • the foil conductor can have an insulating, preferably polymeric, sheathing, for example based on polyimide.
  • Foil conductors that are suitable for contacting electrically conductive coatings in panes only have a total thickness of 0.3 mm, for example. Such thin foil conductors can be embedded without difficulty between the individual discs in the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • a foil conductor strip can contain several conductive layers that are electrically isolated from one another.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer is arranged at least on the inner surface of the second pane and covers or covers the surface of the second pane completely or partially, but preferably over a large area.
  • Large area means that at least 50% of the surface of the pane is covered by the functional layer.
  • the functional layer can also extend over smaller portions of the surface of the pane.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer is an individual layer or a layer structure made up of several individual layers with a total thickness of, for example, less than or equal to 2 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the electrically conductive, metal-based functional layer advantageously has a thickness of 80 nm to 1000 nm, in particular 80 nm to 600 nm, preferably 120 nm to 400 nm.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer is preferably a sun protection layer with reflective properties in the infrared range and thus in the range of solar radiation, which advantageously reduces the heating of the interior of a vehicle as a result of solar radiation.
  • Functional layers with a sun protection effect typically contain at least one metal, in particular silver or a silver-containing alloy.
  • the layer with a sun protection effect can comprise a sequence of several individual layers, in particular at least one metallic layer and dielectric layers, which contain at least one metal oxide, for example.
  • the metal oxide preferably includes zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or the like, and combinations of one or more thereof.
  • the dielectric material preferably includes silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, and combinations of one or more thereof.
  • Such metal-based functional layers with a sun protection effect are known, for example, from WO 2007/101964 A1, WO2013/104439 A1 and DE69731268T2.
  • the metal-based functional layer has, for example, a surface resistance of 0.1 ohms/square to 200 ohms/square, particularly preferably from 1 ohms/square to 50 ohms/square and very particularly preferably from 1 ohms/square to 10 ohms/square.
  • the thickness of an electrically conductive, metal-based functional layer with a sun protection effect can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case, with a layer thickness of 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m and in particular from 30 nm to 1 ⁇ m being preferred.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer preferably functions as a sun protection coating in the first area of the vehicle glazing and as a heatable coating with at least one metallic layer, preferably with at least one, two or three silver layers, in the second area of the vehicle glazing.
  • the first area at least partially has the electrically conductive functional layer, the first area being separated from the second area by the third, electrically insulating area.
  • the third, electrically insulating area preferably has an insulation line, the third area being free of electrically conductive material.
  • the third area is particularly preferably arranged horizontally between two side edges of the vehicle glazing.
  • the third, electrically insulating area can be very narrow compared to the first or second area.
  • the width of the third area can be from 5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, in particular from 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • Windshields in particular, have a central field of vision that places high demands on the optical quality.
  • the central field of view must have high light transmission (typically greater than 70%).
  • Said central field of view is in particular that field of view which is referred to as field of view B, field of view B or zone B by those skilled in the art.
  • Field of vision B and its technical requirements are specified in Regulation No. 43 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (LIN/ECE) (ECE-R43, "Uniform conditions for the approval of safety glazing materials and their installation in vehicles").
  • the field of view B is defined in Appendix 18.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB, very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example plasticizer.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • PU polyurethane
  • additives known to those skilled in the art such as, for example plasticizer.
  • the intermediate layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
  • a three-layer thermoplastic intermediate layer comprising an acoustically damping layer arranged between two thermoplastic layers is preferably laminated in between the two panes of the glazing.
  • the acoustically damping layer is preferably thinner than 300 pm (microns).
  • the thickness of the acoustically damping layer is in particular 70 ⁇ m to 130 ⁇ m, for example 100 ⁇ m.
  • a vehicle glazing according to the invention can additionally include a cover print, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel.
  • the masking print is in particular a peripheral, ie frame-like, masking print.
  • the peripheral masking print primarily serves as UV protection for the Mounting adhesive for vehicle glazing.
  • the cover print can be opaque and full-surface.
  • the cover print can also be semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, stripe grid or checkered grid.
  • the covering print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque covering to a semi-transparent covering.
  • the masking print is usually applied to the interior surface of that pane which is the outer pane in the installed position, or to the interior surface of that pane which is the inner pane in the installed position.
  • Vehicle glazing is intended to separate the interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle.
  • inner pane refers to the pane of the vehicle pane facing the vehicle interior.
  • outer pane refers to the pane facing the outside environment.
  • the first pane is the outer pane and the second pane is the inner pane of the vehicle.
  • the first and/or second pane contains or consists of non-tempered, partially tempered or tempered glass, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass.
  • the panes contain or consist of clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.
  • the invention further includes a method for producing a vehicle glazing according to the invention with an electrically conductive functional layer, which includes the following method steps:
  • thermoplastic interlayer having a tinted and/or colored area at least as large as the second, upper area of the vehicle glazing
  • the electrically conductive functional layer is preferably applied in a vacuum-based coating process.
  • Suitable vacuum-based coating methods are, for example, CVD (chemical vapor deposition) or PVD (physical vapor deposition), preferably cathode sputtering (“sputtering”), particularly preferably magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”) and known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the metal-based functional coating is usually deposited over the entire surface of the surface of the second pane that is intended as the inner surface.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer can be removed by means of laser decoating, mechanical decoating or removal of a mask applied during the application of the functional layer.
  • the invention also includes the use of the vehicle glazing according to the invention in means of transportation for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in trains, ships and motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, panorama windshield and/or rear window.
  • the vehicle glazing is particularly preferably used in motor vehicles, very particularly preferably as windshields.
  • the invention includes a vehicle having the vehicle glazing according to the invention. All standards mentioned refer to the version valid on the filing date.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a vehicle glazing according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of a system according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the vehicle glazing 10 according to the invention as a windshield, in particular a panoramic windshield.
  • the vehicle glazing 10 is designed as a so-called panoramic windshield, i.e. vehicles with such a panoramic windshield have a panoramic windshield which extends up to the head area of the driver or even further towards the rear end of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle glazing 10 has a first pane 1 with an inner surface II and an outer surface I and a peripheral side edge K.
  • the vehicle glazing 10 also includes a second pane 2 having an inner surface III and an outer surface IV and a peripheral side edge K.
  • the first pane 1 is connected to second pane 2 via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 .
  • the inner surface II of the first pane 1 and the inner surface III of the second pane 2 face the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.
  • the first pane 1 contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm.
  • the second pane contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 1.6 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 can be formed from a 0.76 mm thick PVB film, for example.
  • the first pane 1 is preferably the outer pane and the second pane 2 is the inner pane of the vehicle glazing 10 designed as a composite pane.
  • the second area 102 has a heating element 9 which includes two busbars 7 and an electrically conductive functional layer 5 . When an electrical voltage is applied to the bus bars 7, a heating current flows through the electrically conductive functional layer 5.
  • Two bus bars 7 are provided for electrical contacting of the electrically conductive functional layer 5, which are arranged in such a way that when an electrical voltage is applied to the bus bars 7, a current flows through the electrically conductive functional layer 5 .
  • a bus bar 7 is arranged on the left edge area of the electrically conductive functional layer 5 .
  • a second bus bar 7 is arranged on the right edge area of the electrically conductive functional layer in the second area 102 .
  • the bus bars 7 contain silver particles. They were applied to the electrically conductive functional layer 5 using the screen printing method and then burned in.
  • the length of busbar 7 corresponds approximately to the edge length of area 102. If an electrical voltage is applied to busbar 7, a uniform electric heating current flows through electrically conductive functional layer 5. Second area 102 of vehicle glazing 10 is heated by the heating current.
  • Each busbar 7 can be electrically conductively connected to a foil conductor, which connects the busbar 7 to an electrical voltage source.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer 5 is arranged on the inner surface III of the second pane 2 .
  • the electrically conductive functional layer 5 is a coating which reflects IR radiation and has three conductive silver layers and dielectric layers arranged in between.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer has a Total thickness of about 280 nm to 310 nm.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer 5 is arranged on the entire inner surface III of the second pane 2 with the exception of a coating-free edge area 4 and an insulating line 4a (third area 103).
  • the insulating line 4a is arranged in the third region 103 of the vehicle glazing 10 and separates the electrically conductive functional layer 5 into two partial regions.
  • the first partial area of the functional layer 5 is arranged in the first area 101 of the vehicle glazing 10 .
  • the second partial area of the electrically conductive functional layer 5 is arranged in the second area 102 of the vehicle glazing 10 .
  • the electrically conductive functional layer 5 has been removed or not applied in the edge area 4 that is free of coating and in the area of the insulation line 4a.
  • the edge region 4 ensures that the electrically conductive functional layer 5 does not corrode.
  • the width of the uncoated edge area 4 is measured from the side edge K of the second pane 2 and is 8 mm, for example.
  • the insulation line 4a ensures that the electrically conductive functional layer 5 in the first area 101 is not electrically conductively connected to the electrically conductive functional layer 5 in the second area 102 .
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 has a colored or tinted area 6 which extends in the second area 102 of the vehicle glazing 10 . It contains no added color pigments in this area.
  • the colored or tinted area 6 of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is cyan or gray in color and has a linear color gradient. This means that the colored area 6 is variably colored, with the light transmission increasing linearly from the side edge K towards the center of the pane. This leads to an optically attractive transition to the transparent area of the intermediate layer 3.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is transparent in the first area 101 of the vehicle glazing 10.
  • the vehicle glazing 10 embodied as a windshield has an all-round peripheral cover print 8 formed by an opaque enamel on the inner surface II of the first pane 1 facing the intermediate layer 3 (facing the interior of the vehicle in the installed position).
  • the covering print 8 can also be applied to the outer surface of the second pane 2 facing away from the intermediate layer 3 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of the vehicle glazing 10 according to the invention as a panorama windshield in the installed position.
  • the vehicle glazing 10 is essentially the same as shown in FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates the functioning of the second area 102 of the vehicle glazing 10.
  • the heating element 9 gives off heat and heats the space in the head area of the occupant.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing the vehicle glazing 10. The method comprises the following steps:
  • a first pane 1 which has a surface I provided as the outer surface and a surface II provided as the inner surface and a peripheral side edge K.
  • a second disc 2 is also provided, which has a surface provided as the outer surface IV and a surface provided as the inner surface III and a peripheral side edge K.
  • An electrically conductive functional layer 5 is then deposited over the entire surface of surface III of the second pane 2, which is provided as the inner surface, by means of cathode deposition supported by a magnetic field.
  • the electrically conductive functional layer 5 is, for example, a sun protection coating that reflects IR radiation and includes three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers.
  • a coating-free edge region 4 and an isolation line 4a are produced either by masking during the deposition process or, for example, by laser decoating after the deposition process.
  • the first pane 1, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 and the second pane 2 are stacked flat on top of one another so that the inner surface III of the second pane 2 faces the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 and the colored area 6 is arranged in line with the second area 102.
  • the coated first pane 1 is connected and laminated to the second pane 2 via the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, for example in an autoclave process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un vitrage de véhicule, en particulier une vitre panoramique, comprenant au moins une première vitre (1) et une seconde vitre (2) qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (3), une couche fonctionnelle électroconductrice (5), qui est disposée sur une surface interne (III) de la seconde vitre (2) faisant face à la couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (3), une première région (101), et une seconde région pouvant être chauffée électriquement (102) du vitrage du véhicule (10), la première région (101) étant formée en tant que région de visualisation pourvue d'un champ de vision central du vitrage de véhicule (10) et la deuxième région (102) étant formée sous la forme d'une région de toit dotée d'une courbure, et la seconde région (102) étant pourvue d'un élément chauffant (9) qui comprend deux conducteurs de collecteur (7) et, au moins partiellement, la couche fonctionnelle électroconductrice (5), de sorte que, lorsqu'une tension électrique est appliquée aux conducteurs de collecteur (7), un courant circule à travers la couche fonctionnelle électroconductrice (5), la première région (101) étant séparée de la deuxième région (102) par une troisième région électriquement isolante (103).
EP22754321.2A 2021-08-10 2022-07-18 Vitrage chauffant pour véhicule Pending EP4385286A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021120804 2021-08-10
PCT/EP2022/070003 WO2023016757A1 (fr) 2021-08-10 2022-07-18 Vitrage chauffant pour véhicule

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EP4385286A1 true EP4385286A1 (fr) 2024-06-19

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CN (1) CN115956397A (fr)
WO (1) WO2023016757A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2757151B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 1999-01-08 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et/ou l'isolation thermique
FR2898123B1 (fr) 2006-03-06 2008-12-05 Saint Gobain Substrat muni d'un empilement a proprietes thermiques
DE102008051730A1 (de) 2008-10-15 2010-04-22 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparenter Gegenstand mit einem örtlich begrenzten, strukturierten, elektrisch beheizbaren, transparenten Bereich, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung
PT2803245T (pt) 2012-01-10 2017-05-22 Saint Gobain Placa de vidro transparente com revestimento condutor de eletricidade
MX358614B (es) 2012-03-05 2018-08-29 Saint Gobain Cristal con revestimiento que refleja radiación térmica.
JP6897351B2 (ja) * 2017-06-13 2021-06-30 株式会社デンソー 車両用防曇装置
CO2017012699A1 (es) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-28 Agp America Sa Laminado con oscuración incrustada que posee resistencia y calidad óptica superior
CN111448063A (zh) 2017-12-07 2020-07-24 Agp美洲股份公司 具有改善的低温响应的功能层的夹层玻璃
CN108966386B (zh) * 2018-07-31 2020-11-17 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 一种能够电加热的前挡风玻璃

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