EP4371894A1 - Verfahren zur abfallverwaltung mit halbfabrikatrückführung für eine automatische maschine zur herstellung oder verpackung von konsumartikeln - Google Patents

Verfahren zur abfallverwaltung mit halbfabrikatrückführung für eine automatische maschine zur herstellung oder verpackung von konsumartikeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4371894A1
EP4371894A1 EP23204874.4A EP23204874A EP4371894A1 EP 4371894 A1 EP4371894 A1 EP 4371894A1 EP 23204874 A EP23204874 A EP 23204874A EP 4371894 A1 EP4371894 A1 EP 4371894A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
article
processed
operating portion
defective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23204874.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paolo Zanni
Stefano Villa
Matteo Degli Esposti
Lorenzo ZACCHI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GD SpA
Original Assignee
GD SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GD SpA filed Critical GD SpA
Publication of EP4371894A1 publication Critical patent/EP4371894A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/06—Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths
    • B65B11/28—Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a curved path, e.g. on rotary tables or turrets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/223—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers in a curved path; in a combination of straight and curved paths, e.g. on rotary tables or other endless conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/28—Control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/10—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles
    • B65B35/26—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles by rotary conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/30—Arranging and feeding articles in groups
    • B65B35/46—Arranging and feeding articles in groups by rotary conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/02—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of binding or wrapping material, containers, or packages
    • B65B57/04—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of binding or wrapping material, containers, or packages and operating to control, or to stop, the feed of such material, containers, or packages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/20—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for adding cards, coupons or other inserts to package contents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the management of waste with semifinished product recirculation for an automatic machine for manufacturing or packing consumer articles.
  • the present invention finds advantageous but not exclusive application in the management of waste with semifinished product recirculation for an automatic packaging machine that manufactures packets of cigarettes, to which the following disclosure will make explicit reference without thereby losing generality.
  • An automatic packaging machine for cigarettes usually comprises a plurality of actuators acting on the articles to modify the conformation, structure, or position thereof and each actuator can take a plurality of different positions.
  • Said conveyor systems are continuous systems, namely, systems that move at a constant speed or according to periodic laws of motion in order to respect pre-established coincidences between the article, the components to be added to the article to complete the same and the processing to be carried out.
  • the processing stations comprise other actuators aimed at feeding the aforementioned components to be added to the semifinished articles (for example an inner wrap, a collar, a blank, an absorbent layer, etc.) and/or processing the articles.
  • the semifinished articles for example an inner wrap, a collar, a blank, an absorbent layer, etc.
  • a negative control result namely, a component resulting defective by a control system, for example a sensor
  • two scenarios generally occur.
  • the component is so defective that it cannot support the following production process for structural reasons (for example, it is torn, too wet, etc.) or due to possible jamming (for example, it is in the wrong position, incorrect orientation, etc.)
  • the automatic machine stops its production and an operator must reject the defective product manually in order to restart the production.
  • the defective component is able to support the following production process (for example a band or inner wrap or a collar has creases or stains or slight misalignments, but without being structurally compromised)
  • the production continues and the packet comprising the defective component is rejected entirely at the end of the production process, as the same is marked as unsuitable in its entirety due to the single defective component not conforming to the required specifications.
  • This policy in the management of waste from a high-productivity automatic machine determines a double disadvantage, since, in the first case, production is stopped entirely and, in the second case, an entire packet is rejected, comprising, in addition to the defective component, also a plurality of nondefective usable components (for example a group of good quality cigarettes).
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for the management of waste with semifinished product recirculation for an automatic machine for manufacturing or packing consumer articles which is at least partially free from the drawbacks described above and, at the same time, is simple and inexpensive to implement.
  • a process for the management of waste with semifinished product recirculation for an automatic machine for manufacturing or packing consumer articles as claimed in the attached claims.
  • An automatic machine for manufacturing or packing consumer articles configured to carry out the aforementioned process is also provided.
  • number 1 denotes, as a whole, an automatic machine for the production of articles 3 for the tobacco industry, in particular an automatic packaging machine 1 for applying an inner wrap to a group of cigarettes, or for applying a transparent over wrap to packets of cigarettes.
  • second component does not imply the presence of a “first” component. Said terms are in fact used as labels to improve clarity and should not be interpreted in a restrictive way.
  • the automatic machine 1 comprises various parts provided, in turn, with one or more work stations WS configured to carry out processing on semifinished articles 3 (for example the groups of cigarettes schematized as packets in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 ).
  • semifinished articles 3 for example the groups of cigarettes schematized as packets in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the automatic machine 1 comprises a part 2 provided with a circuital conveyor system 4, which is configured to convey the semifinished articles 3 singularly or in groups (for example in groups of two, as illustrated in Figures 3 to 6 ) along a conveying path CP and according to a first periodic law of motion.
  • the first periodic law of motion determines the conveying of the semifinished articles 3 along the conveying path CP in an intermittent manner, with a constant period.
  • the circuital conveyor system 4 is a device capable of moving the semifinished articles 3 along a circuit T defining a closed, preferably curved line.
  • the circuital conveyor system 4 is a drum 5, provided, in particular on its circumferential portion, with seats 6 (in particular pockets) suitable for receiving the semifinished articles 3 (for example the groups of cigarettes held together by a collar).
  • the circuit T turns out to be a circle.
  • the drum 5 is mounted to rotate around a central rotation axis illustrated in Figure 5 .
  • the circuital conveyor system 4 is a belt 7, also provided, in particular on its outer portion, with seats 6 to house the semifinished articles 3.
  • the circuit T is formed by two straight sections and two semicircles.
  • the part 2 of the machine 1 comprises two different circuital conveyor systems 4', 4", one of which 4' is provided with a drum 6 and the other 4" with a belt 7.
  • the circuital conveyor system 4 comprises a normally operating portion 8, in turn comprising one or more work stations WS, and a normally non-operating portion 9, devoid of work stations WS, in detail comprising, in turn, at least one inactive station IS.
  • the normally operating portion 8 is that part of the circuital conveyor system 4 in which the articles are processed and/or moved during the correct production of the machine, which does not foresee that any article 3 ends up in the normally non-operating portion 9.
  • the normally operating portion 8 and the normally non-operating portion 9 are contiguous and consecutive to one another on the circuital conveyor system 4.
  • the normally operating portion 8 and the normally non-operating portion 9 together comprise the entire circuit T.
  • a component 11 is applied in the work station WS, in this case a wrap, for example an inner wrap of a packet of cigarettes or a transparent overwrap.
  • the component 11 can be any type of element to be added to the article 3, such as for example a collar, a glue, a support, a fastening element, a label, a blank, an absorbent sheet, an elastic, a food product, etc.
  • number 3 will denote the consumer articles in general and the expression 3' will denote the consumer article being processed.
  • number 11 will denote the components in general, the expression 11' will denote the defective components and the expression 11" will denote the new components, following defective components 11'.
  • the article 3' being processed (namely, the one within the work station WS, namely, the one in output) passes towards the component 11 and pushes the latter towards a further seat of the following transport system following the conveyor system 4 so as to be wrapped.
  • the component 11 is a flat element, in particular a band, a wrap or a blank.
  • the actuators that move the conveying device 4 (and/or the pushing elements) and/or the feeding system 16 comprise electric motors (in particular of the brushless type) independent of one another.
  • the actuators also comprise driver types other than electric motors (for example pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders, electrically actuated cylinders, etc.).
  • the automatic machine 1 comprises at least a store 12 containing one or more components 11.
  • the component 11 is obtained from a seamless band, which is fed, cut, and possibly rejected along a feeding path FP.
  • the component 11 is a continuous band of wrapping material and therefore the store 12 is a reel.
  • the store 12 comprises a plurality of components separated (for example collars or blanks) and stored (for example in stacks).
  • the automatic machine 1 comprises a control system 10, which is configured to detect the quality and/or the position and/or the orientation of an article 3' being processed and/or of a component 11, 11" to be added to the article 3' being processed in order to establish whether the component 11 is usable or defective.
  • control system 10 is a photo camera, which, for each component 11 that passes in front of the same, carries out a scan (namely, a photo) to determine the quality, orientation, and position thereof and define whether it is defective or suitable.
  • the photo camera is comprised in a viewing and image processing system (in turn comprised in the control system 10) of a type known and not further illustrated.
  • the automatic machine 1 comprises, furthermore, a control unit 13 (illustrated schematically in Figure 1 ) configured to control at least the conveyor system 4, 4' (by means of an actuator 15).
  • the control unit 13 is the processor of an industrial control unit or an industrial PC.
  • the machine 1 further comprises a feeding system 16 configured to feed at least one component 11 from the respective store 12 towards the conveying path CP through at least the work station WS, where the component 11, 11" is added (and coupled) to the article 3' being processed and along the feeding path FP.
  • the components 11 are also conveyed according to a second periodic law of motion, which preferably has the same period as the first periodic law of motion. In this way, the articles 3 and the components 11 can move simultaneously along the conveying path CP.
  • control unit 13 also controls the drum 5 and, in particular, all the actuators of the part 2 of the automatic machine 1.
  • the article 3' being processed, rather than being conveyed outside the circuital conveyor system 4 passes the station where it should have been coupled to the component 11' and continues its motion by recirculating on the circuital conveyor system 4 until a new appointment (namely, once the course of the circuit T has been completed) with a following usable component 11" (in particular of as many cycles as the seats 6 of the circuital conveyor system 4).
  • an article 3' being processed remains, recirculating, on board of the circuital conveyor system 4 until it is coupled to a usable component 11".
  • a process is provided for the management of waste with recirculation of semifinished articles 3 of the part 2 of the automatic machine 1 for manufacturing or packing consumer articles.
  • the semifinished article 3 passes along the normally non-operating portion 9 of the drum 5 in the event that the component 11' is defective and therefore must be rejected.
  • the semifinished article 3 passes along the normally non-operating portion 9 of the belt 7 in the event that the semifinished article 3 is defective and therefore must be rejected.
  • the article 3 by recirculating the article 3 along the normally non-operating portion 9, it is possible to avoid placing waste zones in areas of the machine 1 that are difficult to access; instead allowing an operator to remove the defective product by hand, which continues to recirculate along the circuit T until it is rejected (manually or automatically).
  • a defective component 11 and/or semifinished article 3 is recirculated from the normally non-operating portion, if unreachable by an operator, to an accessible part of the normally operating portion so that an operator can remove the same.
  • the process further comprises checking, in particular in the control area IA, the quality and/or the position and/or the orientation of the article 3' being processed and/or of a component 11, 11" to be added to the article 3' being processed.
  • the process provides an advantageous recirculation step, during which the article 3' being processed continues to be conveyed according to the first periodic law of motion through the normally non-operating portion 9 and the at least one inactive station, recirculating by means of the circuital conveyor system 4 until returning to the work station at the normally operating portion 8.
  • the plurality of semifinished articles 3 are conveyed sequentially through at least the work station WS, where the component 11, 11" is added to the article 3' being processed, in particular an inner wrap 11, 11" is added to an already formed group of cigarettes.
  • the process further comprises a feeding step, according to a second periodic law of motion, for each component 11, 11', 11" from the respective store 12 towards the conveying path CP and along the feeding path FP.
  • the checking step is at least partially simultaneous with the feeding step for the component 11, 11', 11". More precisely, during the checking step the quality and/or the position and/or the orientation of the component 11, 11', 11" are checked and it is established whether the component 11, 11', 11" is usable or defective.
  • the process comprises a replacement step, during which the defective component 11' is conveyed from the control area IA towards a waste zone WZ (in particular passing through the work station WS) and successively replaced, within the work station WS, by a new component 11", which is fed from the store 12 towards the conveying path CP and along the feeding path FP in order to be coupled to a following article 3' being processed.
  • a replacement step during which the defective component 11' is conveyed from the control area IA towards a waste zone WZ (in particular passing through the work station WS) and successively replaced, within the work station WS, by a new component 11", which is fed from the store 12 towards the conveying path CP and along the feeding path FP in order to be coupled to a following article 3' being processed.
  • the recirculation step ends when the article 3' being processed reaches again the work station WS.
  • the checking step is carried out by means of an optical control system 10, preferably by means of a pair of photodetectors 14 arranged along an axis A transverse to the conveying path CP.
  • the axis A transverse to the conveying path CP is perpendicular to the latter.
  • the part 2 of the automatic machine 1 also comprises a plurality of pushing elements (of a known type and not illustrated for simplicity), which are controlled by the control unit 13 to introduce or extract the semifinished articles 3 or the articles 3' being processed in or from the circuital conveyor system 4.
  • a plurality of pushing elements of a known type and not illustrated for simplicity
  • a first actuator 15 is coupled to the drum 5 to control the rotation of the drum around its rotation axis and is provided with a rotating electric motor (for example of the brushless type) that rotates the drum 5, by means of the interposition of a reducer (not illustrated), to move the seats 6 and the articles 3' being processed from a station 18, 20, 19, IS, to the other;
  • a second actuator is coupled to the input pushing element to control the linear movement of the semifinished articles 3 along the conveying path CP and for a predefined stroke and is preferably provided with a rotating electric motor (for example of the brushless type) and a reducer that transforms the circular movement into linear movement (both not illustrated);
  • a third actuator 17 connected to the store 12 and configured to feed the components 11 along the feeding path FP (obviously, the actuator 17 in the illustrated embodiment moves a respective wheel, but it can be any other type of actuator comprising, for example, articulated
  • the step of checking the quality and/or the position and/or the orientation of the component 11, 11', 11" is repeated cyclically for each new component 11" that passes along the feeding path FP (namely, for each component that passes through the control area IA and interrupts the beam of the photodetectors 14).
  • the control system 10 upon exceeding a predefined number of defective components 11' (for example five), namely, of recirculated semifinished articles 3', the control system 10 signals an error to the control unit 13 and the part 2 of the automatic machine 1 stops in a controlled manner, in particular by reporting the error to a machine operator or to a management system.
  • the succession of several consecutive defective components 11' means that a part or a station of the machine 1 along the feeding path FP is ruining the components 11 or that the store 12 (or reel) needs to be changed as it is damaged (perhaps during the transport to the production site).
  • the defective component 11' is rejected moving on along the feeding path FP and passing through the conveying path CP. In this way, the defective component 11' is dropped (or led) into the waste zone WZ and the following new component 11" continues its course towards the conveying path CP and is arranged in the work station WS (in particular in output station 19) .
  • the defective component 11' is rejected within the waste zone WZ without passing through the work station WS (for example by means of a special unloading, suction, exchange system, etc.).
  • the drum 5 is a wheel with four seats 6, equally spaced from one another and therefore arranged every 90° on the circuit T.
  • the articles 3 are moved inside the pocket 6 provided at the input station 18.
  • the next two steps of the first periodic law of motion are provided, in which the article 3' is moved from the input station 18 to the coupling station 20, wherein a component 11 (which is not yet known whether it is usable or not), fed by the system 16 along the feeding path FP, is coupled (with known and not illustrated methods, for example by means of tweezers or perimeter magnets of the drum 5) to the article 3' being processed at the coupling station 20.
  • the component 11 holds a position and an orientation during the coupling step at the peripheral area 21 of the drum 5.
  • the component 11 necessarily passes through the control area IA, where the pair of photodetectors 14 determines its positioning (alternatively, one or more photos could be taken by the vision system).
  • the control system 10, namely, the photodetectors 14, therefore allow the control unit 13 to assess whether the component 11 passing from the coupling station 20 to the output station 19 is usable or not.
  • the process provides for moving on to the situation in Figure 5 , in which a special pushing element moves the article 3' being processed at the output station to be housed inside the seat of the following transport system (which can be a further wheel, or a conveyor belt provided with seats) and then be wrapped within the component 11 itself, in the event that the same is an inner wrap.
  • a special pushing element moves the article 3' being processed at the output station to be housed inside the seat of the following transport system (which can be a further wheel, or a conveyor belt provided with seats) and then be wrapped within the component 11 itself, in the event that the same is an inner wrap.
  • the process provides for moving to the situation of Figure 6 , in which the defective component 11' is conveyed towards the waste zone WZ and the article 3' being processed coupled thereto moves to occupy the normally non-operating portion 9, namely, the inactive station IS for at least one cycle time of the drum 5 at a periodic step.
  • the drum 5, or the actuator 15 is operated in any case according to the first law of motion, which is not varied, and the article 3' being processed coupled to the defective component 11' is recirculated.
  • the article at the output station 19 is expelled from the respective pushing element and the condition of Figure 4 , in which the inactive station IS is empty, is reinstated.
  • the articles 3' being processed are recirculated and the feeding of new semifinished articles 3 into the conveyor system 4 is inhibited.
  • the automatic machine 1 is configured to carry out the process described up to this point.
  • the present invention has multiple advantages. Most importantly it allows only defective components to be rejected and not an entire article in which also a plurality of usable components are provided. In this way, the efficiency of the manufacturer improves in terms of waste of usable material, waste is generally reduced and therefore there is greater sustainability of the process and lower disposal and raw material costs.
  • the possibility of controlling the conveying of the articles and the feeding of the components in a diversified manner allows the recirculation of good quality semifinished articles and to reject only the defective components.
  • the recirculation of components in normally non-operational areas of transport systems also allows to avoid having waste zones in inaccessible areas, as defective articles can be recirculated to easily accessible areas, where they can be rejected automatically or by an operator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
EP23204874.4A 2022-10-31 2023-10-20 Verfahren zur abfallverwaltung mit halbfabrikatrückführung für eine automatische maschine zur herstellung oder verpackung von konsumartikeln Pending EP4371894A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202200022389 2022-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4371894A1 true EP4371894A1 (de) 2024-05-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23204874.4A Pending EP4371894A1 (de) 2022-10-31 2023-10-20 Verfahren zur abfallverwaltung mit halbfabrikatrückführung für eine automatische maschine zur herstellung oder verpackung von konsumartikeln

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735767A (en) * 1970-10-20 1973-05-29 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Method and machine for the making of cigarette packs or the like

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735767A (en) * 1970-10-20 1973-05-29 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Method and machine for the making of cigarette packs or the like

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