EP4339005A1 - Système et procédé de gestion de la puissance d'une pile à combustible dans un véhicule lourd - Google Patents

Système et procédé de gestion de la puissance d'une pile à combustible dans un véhicule lourd Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4339005A1
EP4339005A1 EP23197053.4A EP23197053A EP4339005A1 EP 4339005 A1 EP4339005 A1 EP 4339005A1 EP 23197053 A EP23197053 A EP 23197053A EP 4339005 A1 EP4339005 A1 EP 4339005A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power
vehicle
fuel cell
cell module
route
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23197053.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jahn Schmidt
Christoph Moeller
Jorg Felix GEBAUER
Tobias CZESCHNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iveco SpA
Original Assignee
Iveco SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iveco SpA filed Critical Iveco SpA
Publication of EP4339005A1 publication Critical patent/EP4339005A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0053Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/06Limiting the traction current under mechanical overload conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/36Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12Speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62Vehicle position
    • B60L2240/622Vehicle position by satellite navigation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60Navigation input
    • B60L2240/64Road conditions
    • B60L2240/642Slope of road
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60Navigation input
    • B60L2240/64Road conditions
    • B60L2240/645Type of road
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60Navigation input
    • B60L2240/68Traffic data
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/26Driver interactions by pedal actuation

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a system and a method for managing fuel cell in a vehicle.
  • the present invention finds its preferred, although not exclusive, application in heavy vehicle such as commercial vehicle like trucks. Reference will be made to this application by way of example below.
  • Fuel cells are configured to use hydrogen as fuel and produce electrical energy that can be used by electrical machines/electrical batteries in order to guarantee the vehicle operation.
  • a drawback of fuel cells is that these tends to reduce their lifetime in function of the maximum power use, their temperature and power dynamics.
  • the fuel cells tends to be used below their maximum power to reduce their wear and the electrical batteries are used to compensate for the needed power.
  • the vehicle is obliged to proceed at a very slow speed in order to avoid overstress fuel cells.
  • An aim of the present invention is to satisfy the above mentioned needs in a cost-effective and optimized manner.
  • Figure 1 exemplarily shows a commercial vehicle 1 such as a truck driving on a route R that is characterized by a first slope S' and a second slope S" longer and higher than the first slope S'.
  • the vehicle 1 is provided with navigation means 2 configured to communicate with satellite means configured to provide details on the path of route R followed by the vehicle 1.
  • navigation means 2 may comprise a GPS system.
  • the navigation means 2 allow to the drive to set a destination and follow the suggested route R via a navigator installed in the vehicle cab, as known.
  • the vehicle 1 is furthermore provided with a fuel cell engine (not shown) comprising a fuel cell module, battery means and at least one electric machine configured to allow generation of electrical power and transformation of such electrical power into mechanical torque at vehicle wheels to allow driving of the vehicle 1.
  • a fuel cell engine (not shown) comprising a fuel cell module, battery means and at least one electric machine configured to allow generation of electrical power and transformation of such electrical power into mechanical torque at vehicle wheels to allow driving of the vehicle 1.
  • the generated electrical power may be used for operation of other utilities of the vehicle and not further described into detail.
  • the battery means are advantageously provided with energy level sensor means configured to detect the state of charge, SOC, of battery means.
  • the fuel cell module and the at least one electric machine are advantageously provided with power sensor means configured to detect the transferred power.
  • the vehicle 1 is provided with a power control system 5 comprising an electronic control unit 6, e.g. the ECU of the vehicle, comprising elaboration means configured acquire data from navigation means, power sensor means and energy level sensor means, elaborate such data and control consequently the power transfer among the fuel cell engine elements.
  • an electronic control unit 6 e.g. the ECU of the vehicle
  • elaboration means configured acquire data from navigation means, power sensor means and energy level sensor means, elaborate such data and control consequently the power transfer among the fuel cell engine elements.
  • the electronic control unit 6 is configured to acquire the following inputs:
  • the electronic control unit 6 is configured to provide the following outputs:
  • Vehicle 1 is travelling along road R following a destination imparted by the user.
  • the road R presents a first and a second slope S', S" whose height is known by navigation means data.
  • S', S" the electronic control unit starts the power managing method.
  • the electronic control unit calculates the power request of the vehicle within a distance X comprising the top of the slope of first slope S' by a mathematical model of the vehicle taking into account vehicle load, current requested speed and road slope profile.
  • the electronic control unit control fuel cell module to provide a power greater than the current power request in order to precharge the battery means
  • the exceeding power quantity is calculated in order to reach a predetermined SOC level before start of the first slope S', e.g. 900.
  • the electrical machine is controlled to provide a torque to sustain the slope.
  • the fuel cell modules provides the same power than before, i.e.
  • the fuel cell module is in idle and the electric machine works as generator, as per se known, carried by wheels of the vehicle to charge again battery means.
  • the electronic control unit calculates the power request of the vehicle within a distance x" comprising the top of the slope of second slope S" by a mathematical model of the vehicle taking into account vehicle load, current requested speed and road slope profile.
  • the electronic control unit control fuel cell module to provide a power greater than the current power request in order to precharge battery.
  • the exceeding power quantity is calculated in order to reach a predetermined SOC level before start of the slope S", e.g. 900.
  • the fuel cell module is controlled to provide a power to sustain the slope.
  • the fuel cell module is requested to provide a higher power that may be near or higher to the maximum allowable power, by shortly wasting of useful life, and the remaining part of the needed power is transferred from battery means to electrical machine that provide the remaining portion of the requested power.
  • the power output of the electric machine is limited in that way, that the stored energy in the battery in combination with fuel cell power is sufficient to reach the end of the slope.
  • the fuel cell module is in idle and the electric machine works again as generator, as per se known, carried by wheels of the vehicle to charge again battery means.
  • the requested power of the slope would be higher with respect to the maximum power provided by the electric motor.
  • the difference is minimal and therefore the speed target imparted by the user would not be met but for a very small, negligible, quantity.
  • a further operation may be the passage of the vehicle within an urban context.
  • a preset distance before the start of urban context if the SOC of battery means is below a predetermined threshold, the electronic control unit control fuel cell module to provide a power greater than the current power request in order to recharge battery means.
  • the operation is carried out optimizing the charge before entering in the urban context.
  • the invention further relates to a method for managing power (schematized in figure 3 ) in a fuel cell vehicle as described above and comprising the following steps:
  • the power distribution may be elaborated according to any known dynamic model taking into account the requested speed by the user, the characteristic of the road, the SOC of the battery means, the load of the vehicle and the maximum allowable power of fuel cell module and of electrical machine.
  • the maximum allowable power of fuel cell module and of electrical machine are memorized in the electronic control unit.
  • the electronic control unit further memorized a minimum SOC threshold that is taken into account to calculate the aforementioned power distribution so that, at worst, the SOC reach such minimum SOC threshold at the top of the slope.
  • the power management step comprises the increase of power provided by fuel cell module to generate electrical energy to be stored in battery means.
  • the value of power provided by fuel cell module is lower than the maximum allowable power of the fuel cell module.
  • the limitation is calculated by the electronic control unit taking into account the speed of the vehicle so that such speed will decrease during the travel on the slope of a preset percentage.
  • Such preset percentage may be memorized in the electronic control unit or settable by the user.
  • control system it is possible to optimize the power management by reducing the wear of fuel cell module since it is avoided to use this latter to produce high power values.
  • the fuel cell module dynamic is controlled to be smooth and to charge electrical batteries when needed therefore avoiding to increase their storage power and therefore their dimensions.
  • the vehicle can predict in advance the presence of point of interest such as slope or urban context thereby anticipating any action to optimize power torque and to avoid production of noise in urban context.
  • the point of interest may vary.
  • the fuel cell engine architecture may be of any typology.
  • the estimation of power distribution may be carried out with any suitable mathematical model taking into account the navigation data and vehicular data.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
EP23197053.4A 2022-09-15 2023-09-13 Système et procédé de gestion de la puissance d'une pile à combustible dans un véhicule lourd Pending EP4339005A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202200018912 2022-09-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4339005A1 true EP4339005A1 (fr) 2024-03-20

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23197053.4A Pending EP4339005A1 (fr) 2022-09-15 2023-09-13 Système et procédé de gestion de la puissance d'une pile à combustible dans un véhicule lourd

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4339005A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110264317A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Self-learning satellite navigation assisted hybrid vehicle controls system
DE102015010242A1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2016-03-03 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugs und Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug
DE102019118308A1 (de) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Antriebs-Degradationssystem für Fahrzeuge mit mehreren Leistungsquellen
DE102020004102A1 (de) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Cellcentric Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Antriebssystems

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110264317A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Self-learning satellite navigation assisted hybrid vehicle controls system
DE102015010242A1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2016-03-03 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugs und Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug
DE102019118308A1 (de) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Antriebs-Degradationssystem für Fahrzeuge mit mehreren Leistungsquellen
DE102020004102A1 (de) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Cellcentric Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Antriebssystems

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