EP4329714A1 - Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient - Google Patents
Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredientInfo
- Publication number
- EP4329714A1 EP4329714A1 EP22726651.7A EP22726651A EP4329714A1 EP 4329714 A1 EP4329714 A1 EP 4329714A1 EP 22726651 A EP22726651 A EP 22726651A EP 4329714 A1 EP4329714 A1 EP 4329714A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- effective ingredient
- additional effective
- zinc salt
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical class C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 C12 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000005908 glyceryl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VVOAZFWZEDHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnolol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1C1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O VVOAZFWZEDHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc lactate Chemical group [Zn+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011576 zinc lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000000193 zinc lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 229940050168 zinc lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- BYTORXDZJWWIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hinokiol Natural products CC(C)c1cc2CCC3C(C)(CO)C(O)CCC3(C)c2cc1O BYTORXDZJWWIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FVYXIJYOAGAUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N honokiol Chemical compound C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O FVYXIJYOAGAUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940082450 magnolia officinalis bark extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- RGUVUPQQFXCJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hydroxyoctanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)NO RGUVUPQQFXCJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)CO WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940087068 glyceryl caprylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- GHBFNMLVSPCDGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-1-monooctanoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO GHBFNMLVSPCDGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004464 hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940015975 1,2-hexanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- FHKSXSQHXQEMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CO FHKSXSQHXQEMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000588722 Escherichia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940061720 alpha hydroxy acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001280 alpha hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000000185 1,3-diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GJVUMEONPPTZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl undec-10-enoate Chemical compound OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C GJVUMEONPPTZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940074046 glyceryl laurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-1-monolauroylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000218378 Magnolia Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000003293 Magnolia grandiflora Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000008512 Magnolia grandiflora Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical group C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CLWNPUARORRDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O CLWNPUARORRDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CCO XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001331781 Aspergillus brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000314 zinc acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011746 zinc citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006076 zinc citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940068475 zinc citrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- POEVDIARYKIEGF-FMHLBKHZSA-L zinc l-aspartate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O.[O-]C(=O)[C@H](N)CC(O)=O POEVDIARYKIEGF-FMHLBKHZSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940032991 zinc picolinate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWRJFSIRMWUMAE-ZZMNMWMASA-L zinc;(2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-4-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] WWRJFSIRMWUMAE-ZZMNMWMASA-L 0.000 description 2
- NJNDBGREJCHIFG-MDTVQASCSA-L zinc;(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NCCCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O NJNDBGREJCHIFG-MDTVQASCSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OWVLYQRCCIEOPF-QHTZZOMLSA-L zinc;(2s)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1.[O-]C(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 OWVLYQRCCIEOPF-QHTZZOMLSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NHVUUBRKFZWXRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;pyridine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1C(=O)O[Zn]OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 NHVUUBRKFZWXRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC([O-])=O JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012442 Dermatitis contact Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000007407 Magnolia ashei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007358 Magnolia biondii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007361 Magnolia cylindrica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005819 Magnolia denudata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016094 Magnolia denudata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008993 Magnolia figo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001673992 Magnolia fraseri Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011105 Magnolia hypoleuca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004580 Magnolia hypoleuca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014196 Magnolia kobus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005378 Magnolia kobus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218294 Magnolia macrophylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001673966 Magnolia officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000168422 Magnolia pyramidata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007369 Magnolia sargentiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007370 Magnolia sprengeri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000533326 Magnolia stellata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000169285 Magnolia tripetala Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218397 Magnolia x soulangeana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007372 Magnolia zenii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218377 Magnoliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015864 Michelia figo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000881813 Pluralibacter gergoviae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L Zinc gluconate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002029 allergic contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071248 anisate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002390 cell membrane structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003581 cosmetic carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSRSBDQINUMTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)CO YSRSBDQINUMTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- GCXZDAKFJKCPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CO GCXZDAKFJKCPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940058352 levulinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000088 lip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DDIZAANNODHTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-anisate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 DDIZAANNODHTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011929 mousse Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000282 nail Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- LJZULWUXNKDPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)CO LJZULWUXNKDPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AEIJTFQOBWATKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CO AEIJTFQOBWATKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000001245 periodontitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRWMQSFFRFWREA-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc formate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C=O SRWMQSFFRFWREA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011670 zinc gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011478 zinc gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000306 zinc gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VRGNUPCISFMPEM-ZVGUSBNCSA-L zinc;(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O VRGNUPCISFMPEM-ZVGUSBNCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LZQDMXSNTYKRAW-RWUXNGIBSA-L zinc;(e)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 LZQDMXSNTYKRAW-RWUXNGIBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WDHVIZKSFZNHJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;butanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O WDHVIZKSFZNHJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dibenzoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/27—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/047—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates having two or more hydroxy groups, e.g. sorbitol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional (active) ingredient effective for inhibiting microbial growth in the compositions as well as methods of inhibiting microbial growth in compositions such as cosmetic compositions. Further, the invention relates to the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for inhibiting microbial growth.
- Cosmetic products are ideal substrates for the survival and development of a large variety of microorganisms, since they contain water and many nutrients that facilitate their growth.
- microorganisms in cosmetic products can pose a health risk for consumers, for example in the form of skin irritation, allergic contact dermatitis and infection, especially in the eyes, mouth or wounds.
- the presence of microorganisms can negatively affect the organoleptic properties, e.g., the smell, viscosity and colour, of cosmetic products.
- preservatives that are able to reduce microbial load to acceptable levels have improved the microbiological quality of cosmetics.
- customer attention towards ingredients contained in consumer products is growing and preservatives in personal care products are often criticized by customers.
- official regulations and obligations on ingredient declaration are becoming more extensive and more detailed. Economic viability of companies offering policies and labels for product evaluation regarding safety and environmental aspects demonstrate a market demand for more transparency, safety and sustainability.
- Zinc compounds like zinc salts of organic acids or also zinc oxide have been used for antimicrobial purposes in a variety of industrial applications ranging from food to pharmaceuticals as well as personal care. While antimicrobial properties of zinc are well described and undisputed, the underlying mechanisms are still a matter of discussion and research and might differ between compounds and applications.
- Zinc inhibits enzymes which produce free radicals and inflammatory mediators. It is able to reduce odors of bacterial origin and disrupts the cell equilibrium of acne causing bacteria. Furthermore, zinc is an essential trace element. On one hand, a deficiency of zinc can lead to severe consequences for a variety of biological functions. On the other hand, an excess of zinc can also have a negative impact on physiological systems. This is the reason why food supplements as well as personal care regulations include recommendations and limitations for the content of zinc. The use of zinc is restricted to a maximum of 1 % in personal care formulations by the European Cosmetics Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009). The beneficial use of zinc compounds for antimicrobial purposes should therefore be well dosed under consideration of the corresponding guidelines. Application concentrations of zinc for microbial growth control should be kept reasonably low which makes it advisable to augment their efficiency by complementary mechanisms.
- WO 2007/076125 A2 relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising at least 0.05 wt% of a zinc compound.
- the compositions are described to be non-toxic to mammals and plants and effective against a broad spectrum of detrimental pathogenic microorganisms.
- composition comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- compositions comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl esters of C 8 to C12 carboxylic acids, C 3 to C10 diols, Oe to C10 hydroxamic acids, and bi-(hydroxyphenyl) show a synergistic antimicrobial effect.
- low amounts of zinc can be used in the composition to achieve good microbial growth control.
- adequate protection against microorganisms can be achieved in the compositions of the present invention.
- the invention also provides methods of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition as defined in more detail hereinbelow.
- the present invention provides the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for controlling microbial growth.
- the invention also relates to the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect in a composition to which the combination is added.
- compositions which comprise at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- an antimicrobial effect is the effect of the agent of reducing the growth or proliferation of and/or killing microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in a composition comprising the agent.
- composition of the present invention comprises at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect.
- the antimicrobial effect of the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient is larger than the antimicrobial effect of the sum of the effects of each of the ingredients when used alone in the respective concentrations.
- the reduction of the number of viable bacteria, yeast and/or mould is larger for the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient compared to the sum of the reduction of the number of viable bacteria achieved by the addition of the identical amounts of the individual components.
- the combination has an antimicrobial effect beyond the sum of the effects of each component of the combination taken in isolation.
- the antimicrobial effect can be determined as described in the examples section. In this case, a composition only containing the components of the composition of the present invention as active antimicrobial agents should be considered.
- antimicrobial agent is intended to mean an agent which provides an antimicrobial benefit as would be understood by a person skilled in the art.
- composition may comprise the zinc salt and the additional effective ingredient in a ratio of 15:1 to 1:3, preferably between 10:1 and 1:2.
- the composition contains one zinc salt and one additional effective ingredient described herein only.
- composition of the present invention comprises the combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient.
- the composition comprises the combination of one zinc salt and one additional effective ingredient as defined herein.
- composition of the present invention comprises at least one zinc salt.
- the at least one zinc salt may be selected from the group consisting of zinc lactate, zinc L-ascorbate, zinc L- aspartate, zinc L-lysinate, zinc mono L-methioninsulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc bisglycinate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc malate, zinc carbonate, zinc L-pidolate, zinc picolinate, zinc acetate, zinc levulinate, zinc anisate, zinc benzoate, zinc salycilate, zinc cinnamate, zinc gluconate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc tartrate and/or mixtures thereof.
- the at least one zinc salt is selected from the group consisting of zinc lactate, zinc L-ascorbate, zinc L-aspartate, zinc L-lysinate, zinc mono L-methioninsulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc bisglycinate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc malate, zinc carbonate, zinc L-pidolate, zinc picolinate, zinc acetate and/or mixtures thereof.
- the zinc salt is a zinc salt of a carboxylic acid, in particular a C 3 to Cio carboxylic acid, preferably a C 3 to C 10 or C 3 to eh carboxylic acid having one or more hydroxyl groups.
- the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy carboxylic acid ("alpha hydroxy acid”), which may have a number of C atoms as defined above, in particular zinc lactate .
- the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of an amino acid.
- composition of the present invention comprises at least one additional effective ingredient.
- the at least one additional effective ingredient may be a specific chemical compound or a mixture of different compounds described herein below.
- the at least one additional effective ingredient may also be an extract from a natural source.
- the additional effective ingredient is an amphiphilic compound.
- the additional effective ingredient may be capable of weakening the outer shell of the cell membrane structure in microorganisms .
- the additional effective ingredient may be a glyceryl ester of a Cs to Ci 2 carboxylic acid.
- the additional effective ingredient is a glyceryl monoester.
- the additional effective ingredient may be a glyceryl monoester of a linear Cs to C 12 carboxylic acid.
- the additional effective ingredient is glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl laurate or glyceryl undecylenate .
- the additional effective ingredient may also be a C 3 to C 10 diol.
- the diol can have any substitution pattern known to a person skilled in the art.
- the diol may be branched or linear.
- the diol can have a first hydroxyl group at the 1-position and a second hydroxyl group at the 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-,
- the diol may also have a first hydroxyl group at the 2- position and a second hydroxyl group at the 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-
- the C3 to C10 diol is a 1,2-(vicinal) diol or a 1,3-diol.
- the additional effective ingredient is a C 3 to C7 diol, preferably a C 3 to C7
- the additional effective ingredient may be a C 3 to C10 vicinal diol.
- a vicinal diol the two hydroxyl groups occupy vicinal positions, that is, they are attached to adjacent atoms.
- the C 3 to C10 vicinal diol may be 1,2-propanediol, 1,2- butanediol, 1,2- pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-heptanediol,
- the additional effective ingredient is a C5 to C7 vicinal diol.
- the additional effective ingredient is 1,2-pentanediol, or 1,2-hexanediol.
- the additional effective ingredient is 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol (butylene glycol), 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol or 3- methyl-1,3-butanediol (isopentyldiol), in particular 1,3- propanediol .
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- the additional effective ingredient may also be a C 6 to C 10 hydroxamic acid.
- a hydroxamic acid is an organic compound bearing the functional group RC(0)N (OH)R', with R and R' as organic residues and CO as a carbonyl group.
- the additional effective ingredient is a C 6 to C 10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain.
- the additional effective ingredient is caprylhydroxamic acid.
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- the additional effective ingredient may also be at least one bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compound.
- the additional effective ingredient is at least one bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compound, wherein each phenyl ring is substituted with one allyl group.
- the additional effective ingredient may be Magnolol and/or Honokiol. These are polyphenolic containing compounds in which Honokiol is an isomer of Magnolol. Honokiol and Magnolol can be isolated or purified from Magnolia extracts (e.g., flower, bark, and seed cone extracts) or other extracts that include such compounds by standard techniques.
- the additional effective ingredient is an extract comprising Magnolol and Honokiol.
- the extract may comprise Magnolol and Honokiol in a ratio of approximately 1:1.
- the extract may be a Magnolia extract.
- the Magnolia extract can be obtained or derived from a variety of sources from a Magnolia plant (e.g., flower, bark, seed cone, etc.).
- the Magnolia extract can be obtained from the species within the Magnoliaceae family. Non-limiting examples of these species include Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia ashei, Magnolia biondii, Magnolia cylindrica, Magnolia cambellii, Magnolia denudata, Magnolia fraseri, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia hypoleuca, Magnolia kobus, Magnolia 1111flora, Magnolia loegneri, Magnolia macrophylla, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia pyramidata, Magnolia sargentiana, Magnolia seiboldii, Magnolia soulangiana, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnolia stellata, Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana, Magnolia zenii, and Michelia figo.
- the additional effective ingredient is a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
- the extract may be obtained via extraction with supercritical CO2 ⁇ Ethanol may be used at the end of the extraction process for purification.
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from: • glyceryl monoester of a linear C 8 to C 12 carboxylic acid,
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- composition of the present invention comprises a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy acid and an additional effective ingredient selected from
- composition of the present invention comprises a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy acid and an additional effective ingredient selected from
- the composition of the present invention comprises zinc lactate and an additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl caprylate, 1,2-pentanediol , 1,2-hexanediol, caprylhydroxamic acid or a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
- the composition of the present invention comprises zinc lactate and an additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl caprylate, 1,2-pentanediol, caprylhydroxamic acid or a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
- the composition of the present invention may be a topical skin care composition.
- the composition of the present invention may also be a cosmetic composition.
- the composition may be for topical use on a subject.
- the composition of the present invention may further be a personal care formulation.
- the composition of the present invention is suitable for, but not limited to, formulations for use on lips, nails, skin, eyelashes, eyebrows, teeth or hair.
- the composition is an oral care formulation.
- the zinc salt is present in the composition of the present invention in an amount of more than 0.01 wt%, preferably more than 0.1 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is present in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 4 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is present in an amount of 0.3 wt% to 4 wt%, in particular 0.5 to 1 wt%.
- the additional effective ingredient is present in the composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is present in an amount of 0.03 wt% to 1.5 wt%.
- the combination of at least one zinc compound and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount of more than 0.02 wt%, preferably more than 0.1 wt%, more preferably more than 0.4 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the combination is present in an amount of from 0.02 wt% to 6 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably from 0.05 to 5 wt%, from 0.1 to 3 wt% or from 0.5 to 2 wt%.
- the combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to reduce the number of viable/live bacteria, yeast and/or mould such as Enterobacter gergoviae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coll, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis .
- the combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to achieve an 'A criteria pass' for bacteria, yeast and mould (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa r Staphylococcus aureus r Escherichia coll r Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis) in accordance with the pass acceptance criteria outlined in the EU Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.), section 5.1.3, and also discussed in the Examples section below.
- yeast and mould e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa r Staphylococcus aureus r Escherichia coll r Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis
- the combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to achieve at least a 2 log reduction in the number of viable/live bacteria against the value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 2 days after inoculation of the cosmetic composition and/or an amount effective to produce at least a 3 log reduction in the number of viable/live bacteria against the value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 7 days after inoculation of the cosmetic composition.
- compositions of the present invention can be formulated over a broad range of pH values, such as from 3 to 8.
- the pH can be in the range from 4 to 8, such as from 5 or 5.5 to 7.
- the compositions can be formulated to have a pH of 6 or higher.
- the compositions can be formulated to have a pH from 6 to 8, or 6.2 to 7.
- composition can be in a dry, powdered, liquid, solid, semi-solid, spray, or aerosol form.
- composition can be comprised in a cosmetic carrier (e.g., an emulsion, cream, lotion, solution, anhydrous base, gel, ointment, etc.).
- a cosmetic carrier e.g., an emulsion, cream, lotion, solution, anhydrous base, gel, ointment, etc.
- the carrier may be water- based, oil-based, or emulsion-based.
- the composition may be in the form of a water-in-oil, an oil-in water, a water-in-oil-in-water or an oil-in-water-in-oil emulsion.
- water may be present at a level of 40 wt% or more, 50 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, 70 wt% or more, or 90 wt% or more, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the cosmetic composition of the invention may be provided in any form suitable for topical application to the skin and/or hair and/or teeth.
- the composition of the invention may be delivered and/or applied to the skin and/or hair and/or teeth via any of the conventional formulations known to those skilled in the art.
- Typical formulation types of the present invention are liquids, creams, lotions, milks, mousses, gels, sprays, serum, foams, aerosols, and ointments.
- water may be present at a level of 20 to 60 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- water may be present in an amount of 40% to 90% wt%.
- composition of the invention will generally further comprise other ingredients or excipients which will be well known to those skilled in the art.
- composition of the invention may further comprise ingredients such as surfactants, preservatives, absorbents, adsorbents, chelating agents, lubricants, solvents, moisturizers, water repellents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, anti-irritants, vitamins, trace metals, antimicrobial agents and/or structuring agents.
- ingredients such as surfactants, preservatives, absorbents, adsorbents, chelating agents, lubricants, solvents, moisturizers, water repellents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, anti-irritants, vitamins, trace metals, antimicrobial agents and/or structuring agents.
- compositions of the invention may further comprise one or more perfumes and/or colourings and/or pigments.
- composition of the invention may consist of the components as disclosed herein.
- a method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition is provided.
- the method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition comprises the steps of:
- the additional effective ingredient is selected from glyceryl esters of C 8 to Ci2 carboxylic acids, C 3 to Cio diols, Oe to Cio hydroxamic acids, bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof, and
- the composition is a cosmetic composition .
- the at least one microorganism is a bacterium from the genus Escherichia, Pseudomonas and/or Staphylococcus, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and/or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).
- Escherichia coli Escherichia coli
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa P. aeruginosa
- S. aureus Staphylococcus aureus
- the method includes introducing a zinc salt in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 4 wt% and an additional effective ingredient in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the zinc salt is introduced into the composition in an amount of 0.3 wt% to 1 wt%, in particular 0.5 to 1 wt% and the additional effective ingredient in an amount of 0.03 wt% to 1.5 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition is a cosmetic composition .
- the skilled person will understand that optional features of one embodiment or aspect of the invention may be applied, where appropriate, to other embodiments or aspects of the invention.
- composition of the present invention are also applicable to the method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition and the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for controlling microbial growth as defined above.
- testing method used is based on the Ph. Eur. chapter 5.1.3. (Ph. Eur. 8.6, 01/2011:50103) testing which is a commonly used method for testing the antimicrobial efficacy in cosmetic products.
- the agar medium used for the initial cultivation of the respective microorganisms was used.
- the volume of the suspension of inoculum did not exceed 1 per cent of the volume of the product.
- the suspension was thoroughly mixed to ensure homogeneous distribution.
- the inoculated product was maintained at 20-25°C, protected from light.
- a suitable sample was removed from each container, typically 1 ml or 1 g, at zero hour and at appropriate intervals according to the type of the product.
- the number of viable microorganisms by plate count or membrane filtration was determined. It was ensured that any residual antimicrobial activity of the product was eliminated.
- the procedure was validated to verify its ability to demonstrate the required reduction in count of viable microorganisms.
- the formulations were inoculated with one or more different microorganisms (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus).
- the bacterial strains used for the experiments were:
- Escherichia coli ATCC 8739
- Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538
- Microbial count reductions of bacterial strains added to an oil-in-water emulsion were measured after 2 and/or 7 days for a variety of combinations. Synergistic antimicrobial activity is achieved if the observed microbial count reduction of a combination is higher than the sum of the reductions reached by the single components of the combination alone.
- High water content (76 %) was used in order to impede the bacteria reduction.
- the combination of zinc lactate and glyceryl caprylate showed synergistic effects for all microorganisms tested on day 2 and day 7.
- the measured log reduction was higher compared to the expected summation of log reduction and can be seen as a synergistic effect.
- Table 5 The combination of zinc lactate and pentylene glycol showed synergistic effects for all microorganisms tested on day 2 and day 7 (Table 5).
- Caprylhydroxamic acid is a strong chelating agent.
- the detected synergistic effect in combination with zinc lactate is remarkable because a complexation of zinc does not seem to take place or has no influence on the antimicrobial effect.
- Synergistic effects have been detected for E. coli on day 2 and 7.
- a very low dosage of Caprylhydroxamic acid can synergistically boost the antimicrobial efficacy.
- Magnolia officinalis bark extract consists off two antimicrobial ingredients: Magnolol and Honokiol in a ratio of approximately 1:1. Both bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds are highly hydrophobic which leads to challenges for exploitation of their antimicrobial properties in most cosmetic formulations. In water-based formulations they do not dissolve well and in emulsions they migrate to the oil phase where their influence on water-based growth of microorganisms is limited. Zinc lactate is water soluble and is not expected to influence the solubility of Magnolia extract, thus, the detected synergistic effect is unexpected.
- zinc lactate has an antibacterial efficacy against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus even at higher pH values.
- the efficacy can be increased significantly by adding an additional effective ingredient such as glyceryl caprylate, pentylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, caprylhydroxamic acid and Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistical antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids, C3 to C10 diols, C6- to C10 hydroxamic acids, bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof, and to methods of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition using such combination as well as to the use of the combination for controlling microbial growth in a composition.
Description
Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional (active) ingredient effective for inhibiting microbial growth in the compositions as well as methods of inhibiting microbial growth in compositions such as cosmetic compositions. Further, the invention relates to the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for inhibiting microbial growth.
Background of the invention
Microbial contamination of cosmetic products is problematic and is a major cause of product recall and industry economic loss. Cosmetic products are ideal substrates for the survival and development of a large variety of microorganisms, since they contain water and many nutrients that facilitate their growth.
The presence of certain microorganisms in cosmetic products can pose a health risk for consumers, for example in the form of skin irritation, allergic contact dermatitis and infection, especially in the eyes, mouth or wounds. Moreover, the presence of microorganisms can negatively affect the organoleptic properties, e.g., the smell, viscosity and colour, of cosmetic products.
The use of preservatives that are able to reduce microbial load to acceptable levels has improved the microbiological quality of cosmetics. However, customer attention towards ingredients contained in consumer products is growing and preservatives in personal care products are often criticized by customers. In addition, official regulations and obligations on ingredient declaration are becoming more extensive and more detailed. Economic viability of companies offering policies and labels for product evaluation regarding
safety and environmental aspects demonstrate a market demand for more transparency, safety and sustainability.
Customer awareness in combination with rating systems results in pressure on manufacturers to remove criticized raw materials from the ingredient portfolio available for production. At the same time this creates demand for other materials and new solutions to compensate for avoided preservatives .
One solution to compensate for a constrained use of criticized preservatives is to complement or replace classical systems by other ingredients providing antimicrobial properties in addition to their main function. Since efficiencies of those ingredients can vary in strength and in regard to the microbial spectrum they influence, combinations have to be well selected and balanced to achieve adequate preservation of a formulation.
Zinc compounds like zinc salts of organic acids or also zinc oxide have been used for antimicrobial purposes in a variety of industrial applications ranging from food to pharmaceuticals as well as personal care. While antimicrobial properties of zinc are well described and undisputed, the underlying mechanisms are still a matter of discussion and research and might differ between compounds and applications.
Zinc inhibits enzymes which produce free radicals and inflammatory mediators. It is able to reduce odors of bacterial origin and disrupts the cell equilibrium of acne causing bacteria. Furthermore, zinc is an essential trace element. On one hand, a deficiency of zinc can lead to severe consequences for a variety of biological functions. On the other hand, an excess of zinc can also have a negative impact on physiological systems. This is the reason why food supplements as well as personal care regulations include recommendations and limitations for the content of zinc. The use of zinc is restricted to a maximum of 1 % in personal care formulations by the European Cosmetics Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009). The beneficial use of zinc compounds for antimicrobial purposes should therefore be well dosed under
consideration of the corresponding guidelines. Application concentrations of zinc for microbial growth control should be kept reasonably low which makes it advisable to augment their efficiency by complementary mechanisms.
WO 2007/076125 A2 relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising at least 0.05 wt% of a zinc compound. The compositions are described to be non-toxic to mammals and plants and effective against a broad spectrum of detrimental pathogenic microorganisms.
Developers are increasingly searching for strategies to apply multifunctional raw materials with antimicrobial secondary functions to gain an adequate protection of their formulation against the full spectrum of microbial growth while avoiding the use of traditional preservatives. New solutions for microbial growth control in compositions avoiding classical preservatives are needed. Hence there is a demand for novel combinations of antimicrobial agents having a high efficacy of controlling the growth of microorganisms.
In particular, there is a need to find new solutions for microbial growth control of personal care formulations or cosmetic compositions avoiding classical preservatives.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention the above problems are solved by a composition comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
• C3 to C10 diols,
• C5 to C10hydroxamic acids,
• bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
It has been surprisingly found that compositions comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids, C3 to C10 diols, Oe to C10 hydroxamic acids, and bi-(hydroxyphenyl) show a synergistic antimicrobial effect. Thus, low amounts of zinc can be used in the composition to achieve good microbial growth control. Thus, despite the overall level of antimicrobial agent being low, adequate protection against microorganisms can be achieved in the compositions of the present invention.
This is in particular beneficial for cosmetic compositions and formulations because higher skin tolerance can be achieved. Based on the European Cosmetics Regulation (No 1223/2009) the amount of zinc in cosmetic formulations is limited. The potential of zinc salts in lower dosages can be used by adding the additional effective ingredients. The combination of the zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient is surprisingly effective in reducing or preventing growth or proliferation of microorganisms in compositions in accordance with the present invention.
The invention also provides methods of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition as defined in more detail hereinbelow.
Finally, the present invention provides the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for controlling microbial growth.
Further aspects of the invention are disclosed in the appended claims. In certain aspects of the invention, embodiments consist of the components disclosed herein.
The invention also relates to the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect in a composition to which the combination is added.
Detailed description of the invention
According to the present invention compositions are provided which comprise at least one zinc salt and at least one
additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
• C3 to C10 diols,
• C5 to C10 hydroxamic acids,
• bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In the context of the present application, an antimicrobial effect is the effect of the agent of reducing the growth or proliferation of and/or killing microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in a composition comprising the agent.
The composition of the present invention comprises at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect. Thus, the antimicrobial effect of the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient is larger than the antimicrobial effect of the sum of the effects of each of the ingredients when used alone in the respective concentrations.
Accordingly, the reduction of the number of viable bacteria, yeast and/or mould is larger for the combination of the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient compared to the sum of the reduction of the number of viable bacteria achieved by the addition of the identical amounts of the individual components. Thus, the combination has an antimicrobial effect beyond the sum of the effects of each component of the combination taken in isolation.
The antimicrobial effect can be determined as described in the examples section. In this case, a composition only containing the components of the composition of the present invention as active antimicrobial agents should be considered.
The term "antimicrobial agent" is intended to mean an agent which provides an antimicrobial benefit as would be understood by a person skilled in the art. For example, an agent that is
capable of preventing or reducing the growth or proliferation of and/or killing microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
The composition may comprise the zinc salt and the additional effective ingredient in a ratio of 15:1 to 1:3, preferably between 10:1 and 1:2.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition contains one zinc salt and one additional effective ingredient described herein only.
The composition of the present invention comprises the combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the combination of one zinc salt and one additional effective ingredient as defined herein.
Zinc salts
The composition of the present invention comprises at least one zinc salt.
The at least one zinc salt may be selected from the group consisting of zinc lactate, zinc L-ascorbate, zinc L- aspartate, zinc L-lysinate, zinc mono L-methioninsulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc bisglycinate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc malate, zinc carbonate, zinc L-pidolate, zinc picolinate, zinc acetate, zinc levulinate, zinc anisate, zinc benzoate, zinc salycilate, zinc cinnamate, zinc gluconate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc tartrate and/or mixtures thereof.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one zinc salt is selected from the group consisting of zinc lactate, zinc L-ascorbate, zinc L-aspartate, zinc L-lysinate, zinc mono L-methioninsulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc bisglycinate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc malate, zinc carbonate, zinc L-pidolate, zinc picolinate, zinc acetate and/or mixtures thereof.
Preferably, the zinc salt is a zinc salt of a carboxylic acid, in particular a C3 to Cio carboxylic acid, preferably a C3 to
C10 or C3 to eh carboxylic acid having one or more hydroxyl groups.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy carboxylic acid ("alpha hydroxy acid"), which may have a number of C atoms as defined above, in particular zinc lactate .
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of an amino acid.
Additional effective ingredient
In addition, the composition of the present invention comprises at least one additional effective ingredient.
The at least one additional effective ingredient may be a specific chemical compound or a mixture of different compounds described herein below. The at least one additional effective ingredient may also be an extract from a natural source.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is an amphiphilic compound.
The additional effective ingredient may be capable of weakening the outer shell of the cell membrane structure in microorganisms .
The additional effective ingredient may be a glyceryl ester of a Cs to Ci2 carboxylic acid. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is a glyceryl monoester. The additional effective ingredient may be a glyceryl monoester of a linear Cs to C12 carboxylic acid. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl laurate or glyceryl undecylenate .
The additional effective ingredient may also be a C3 to C10 diol. The diol can have any substitution pattern known to a person skilled in the art. The diol may be branched or linear.
For example, the diol can have a first hydroxyl group at the 1-position and a second hydroxyl group at the 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-,
6-, 7-, 8-, 9- and 10-position.
The diol may also have a first hydroxyl group at the 2- position and a second hydroxyl group at the 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-
, 8-, 9- and 10-position.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the C3 to C10 diol is a 1,2-(vicinal) diol or a 1,3-diol.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is a C3 to C7 diol, preferably a C3 to C7
1.2- (vicinal) diol or a C3 to C71,3-diol.
The additional effective ingredient may be a C3 to C10 vicinal diol. In a vicinal diol, the two hydroxyl groups occupy vicinal positions, that is, they are attached to adjacent atoms. The C3 to C10 vicinal diol may be 1,2-propanediol, 1,2- butanediol, 1,2- pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-heptanediol,
1.2-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol or 1,2-decanediol.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is a C5 to C7 vicinal diol. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is 1,2-pentanediol, or 1,2-hexanediol.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the additional effective ingredient is 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol (butylene glycol), 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol or 3- methyl-1,3-butanediol (isopentyldiol), in particular 1,3- propanediol .
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C3 to C7 diols,
- Cg to C10 hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C5 to C7 vicinal diols,
- Cg to C10 hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
- mixtures thereof.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- 1,2-pentanediol or 1,2-hexanediol,
- Cg to C10 hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
- mixtures thereof.
The additional effective ingredient may also be a C6 to C10 hydroxamic acid. A hydroxamic acid is an organic compound bearing the functional group RC(0)N (OH)R', with R and R' as organic residues and CO as a carbonyl group. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is a C6 to C10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is caprylhydroxamic acid.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C5 to C7 vicinal diols, preferably 1,2-pentanediol or 1,2-hexanediol,
- Cg to C10 hydroxamic acids with a saturated alkyl chain,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof.
The additional effective ingredient may also be at least one bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compound. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is at least one bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compound, wherein each phenyl ring is substituted with one allyl group. The additional effective ingredient may be Magnolol and/or Honokiol. These are polyphenolic containing compounds in which Honokiol is an isomer of Magnolol. Honokiol and Magnolol can be isolated or purified from Magnolia extracts (e.g., flower, bark, and seed cone extracts) or other extracts that include such compounds by standard techniques.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is an extract comprising Magnolol and Honokiol. The extract may comprise Magnolol and Honokiol in a ratio of approximately 1:1.
The extract may be a Magnolia extract. The Magnolia extract can be obtained or derived from a variety of sources from a Magnolia plant (e.g., flower, bark, seed cone, etc.). The Magnolia extract can be obtained from the species within the Magnoliaceae family. Non-limiting examples of these species include Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia ashei, Magnolia biondii, Magnolia cylindrica, Magnolia cambellii, Magnolia denudata, Magnolia fraseri, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia hypoleuca, Magnolia kobus, Magnolia 1111flora, Magnolia loegneri, Magnolia macrophylla, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia pyramidata, Magnolia sargentiana, Magnolia seiboldii, Magnolia soulangiana, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnolia stellata, Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana, Magnolia zenii, and Michelia figo.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is a Magnolia officinalis bark extract. The extract may be obtained via extraction with supercritical CO2· Ethanol may be used at the end of the extraction process for purification.
In a preferred aspect of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl monoester of a linear C8 to C12 carboxylic acid,
• C5 to C7 vicinal diol,
• Ce to C10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain, and/or
• an extract comprising Magnolol and/or Honokiol, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
• eh to C10 hydroxamic acids,
• bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In another preferred aspect of the invention, the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl monoester of a linear C8 to C12 carboxylic acid,
• Ce to C10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain, and/or
• an extract comprising Magnolol and/or Honokiol, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In another preferred aspect of the invention, the composition of the present invention comprises a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy acid and an additional effective ingredient selected from
• glyceryl monoester of a linear C8 to C12 carboxylic acid,
• C5 to C7 vicinal diol,
• Ce to C10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain, and/or
• an extract comprising Magnolol and/or Honokiol, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In another preferred aspect of the invention, the composition of the present invention comprises a zinc salt of an alpha
hydroxy acid and an additional effective ingredient selected from
• glyceryl monoester of a linear C8 to Cio carboxylic acid,
• C5 to eh vicinal diol,
• Ce to C8 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain, or
• an extract comprising Magnolol and/or Honokiol, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In a particularly preferred aspect of the invention, the composition of the present invention comprises zinc lactate and an additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl caprylate, 1,2-pentanediol , 1,2-hexanediol, caprylhydroxamic acid or a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
In another particularly preferred aspect of the invention, the composition of the present invention comprises zinc lactate and an additional effective ingredient selected from glyceryl caprylate, 1,2-pentanediol, caprylhydroxamic acid or a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
Composition of the invention
The composition of the present invention may be a topical skin care composition. The composition of the present invention may also be a cosmetic composition. The composition may be for topical use on a subject. The composition of the present invention may further be a personal care formulation. The composition of the present invention is suitable for, but not limited to, formulations for use on lips, nails, skin, eyelashes, eyebrows, teeth or hair. In another embodiment, the composition is an oral care formulation.
In a preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is present in the composition of the present invention in an amount of more than 0.01 wt%, preferably more than 0.1 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is present in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 4 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly
preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is present in an amount of 0.3 wt% to 4 wt%, in particular 0.5 to 1 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is present in the composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additional effective ingredient is present in an amount of 0.03 wt% to 1.5 wt%.
The combination of at least one zinc compound and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount of more than 0.02 wt%, preferably more than 0.1 wt%, more preferably more than 0.4 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
In a preferred embodiment, the combination is present in an amount of from 0.02 wt% to 6 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably from 0.05 to 5 wt%, from 0.1 to 3 wt% or from 0.5 to 2 wt%.
The combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to reduce the number of viable/live bacteria, yeast and/or mould such as Enterobacter gergoviae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coll, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis .
The combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to achieve an 'A criteria pass' for bacteria, yeast and mould (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosar Staphylococcus aureusr Escherichia collr Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis) in accordance with the pass acceptance criteria outlined in the EU Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.), section 5.1.3, and also discussed in the Examples section below.
The combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient may be present in the composition in an amount effective to achieve at least a 2 log reduction in the number of viable/live bacteria against the
value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 2 days after inoculation of the cosmetic composition and/or an amount effective to produce at least a 3 log reduction in the number of viable/live bacteria against the value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 7 days after inoculation of the cosmetic composition.
In general, the compositions of the present invention can be formulated over a broad range of pH values, such as from 3 to 8. In one embodiment the pH can be in the range from 4 to 8, such as from 5 or 5.5 to 7. In another embodiment, the compositions can be formulated to have a pH of 6 or higher. In a particular embodiment, the compositions can be formulated to have a pH from 6 to 8, or 6.2 to 7.
The composition can be in a dry, powdered, liquid, solid, semi-solid, spray, or aerosol form.
The composition can be comprised in a cosmetic carrier (e.g., an emulsion, cream, lotion, solution, anhydrous base, gel, ointment, etc.). The carrier may be water- based, oil-based, or emulsion-based.
In embodiments where the carrier is emulsion-based, the composition may be in the form of a water-in-oil, an oil-in water, a water-in-oil-in-water or an oil-in-water-in-oil emulsion.
In embodiments where the carrier is water-based, water may be present at a level of 40 wt% or more, 50 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, 70 wt% or more, or 90 wt% or more, relative to the total weight of the composition.
The cosmetic composition of the invention may be provided in any form suitable for topical application to the skin and/or hair and/or teeth. The composition of the invention may be delivered and/or applied to the skin and/or hair and/or teeth via any of the conventional formulations known to those skilled in the art. Typical formulation types of the present invention are liquids, creams, lotions, milks, mousses, gels, sprays, serum, foams, aerosols, and ointments.
In embodiments where the composition is in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion, water may be present at a level of 20 to 60 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In embodiments where the composition is in the form of an oil-in water emulsion, water may be present in an amount of 40% to 90% wt%.
The composition of the invention will generally further comprise other ingredients or excipients which will be well known to those skilled in the art.
The composition of the invention may further comprise ingredients such as surfactants, preservatives, absorbents, adsorbents, chelating agents, lubricants, solvents, moisturizers, water repellents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, anti-irritants, vitamins, trace metals, antimicrobial agents and/or structuring agents.
The compositions of the invention may further comprise one or more perfumes and/or colourings and/or pigments.
The composition of the invention may consist of the components as disclosed herein.
The use of the word "a" or "an" when used in conjunction with the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or "containing," or any variations of these terms, in the claims and/or the specification may mean "one," but it is also consistent with the meaning of "one or more," "at least one," and "one or more than one."
The method and use
In another aspect of the present invention, a method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition is provided.
The method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition comprises the steps of:
• introducing at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from glyceryl esters of
C8 to Ci2 carboxylic acids, C3 to Cio diols, Oe to Cio hydroxamic acids, bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof, and
• controlling the growth of at least one microorganism.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a cosmetic composition .
In another preferred embodiment, the at least one microorganism is a bacterium from the genus Escherichia, Pseudomonas and/or Staphylococcus, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and/or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).
In another preferred embodiment, the method includes introducing a zinc salt in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 4 wt% and an additional effective ingredient in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the zinc salt is introduced into the composition in an amount of 0.3 wt% to 1 wt%, in particular 0.5 to 1 wt% and the additional effective ingredient in an amount of 0.03 wt% to 1.5 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect for controlling microbial growth, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
• glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
• C3 to Cio diols,
• C8 to Ciohydroxamic acids,
• bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
• mixtures thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a cosmetic composition .
The skilled person will understand that optional features of one embodiment or aspect of the invention may be applied, where appropriate, to other embodiments or aspects of the invention.
In particular, the specific embodiments described above for the composition of the present invention are also applicable to the method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition and the use of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient for controlling microbial growth as defined above.
Examples
The invention is illustrated by the following examples, which describe in detail the testing of the antimicrobial efficacy for a variety of different compositions of the present invention. These examples should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention, but as illustrating it.
The testing method used is based on the Ph. Eur. chapter 5.1.3. (Ph. Eur. 8.6, 01/2011:50103) testing which is a commonly used method for testing the antimicrobial efficacy in cosmetic products.
To count the viable microorganisms in the inoculated products, the agar medium used for the initial cultivation of the respective microorganisms was used. A series of containers of the product to be examined, was inoculated each with a suspension of one of the test organisms to give an inoculum of 105 to 106 microorganisms per milliliter or per gram of the preparation. The volume of the suspension of inoculum did not exceed 1 per cent of the volume of the product. The suspension was thoroughly mixed to ensure homogeneous distribution. The inoculated product was maintained at 20-25°C, protected from light. A suitable sample was removed from each container, typically 1 ml or 1 g, at zero hour and at appropriate intervals according to the type of the product. The number of viable microorganisms by plate count or membrane filtration was determined. It was ensured that any residual antimicrobial activity of the product was eliminated. The procedure was
validated to verify its ability to demonstrate the required reduction in count of viable microorganisms.
The formulations were inoculated with one or more different microorganisms (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus).
The bacterial strains used for the experiments were:
Escherichia coli: ATCC 8739
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: ATCC 9027
Staphylococcus aureus: ATCC 6538
Microbial count reductions of bacterial strains added to an oil-in-water emulsion were measured after 2 and/or 7 days for a variety of combinations. Synergistic antimicrobial activity is achieved if the observed microbial count reduction of a combination is higher than the sum of the reductions reached by the single components of the combination alone.
Several combinations of effective ingredients in combination with zinc lactate were tested. The combined substances were Cosphaderm® Zinc Lactate natural (Zinc Lactate), Cosphaderm® GMCY (Glyceryl Caprylate), Cosphaderm® Pentiol natural (Pentylene Glycol), Cosphaderm® CHA (Caprylhydroxamic acid), Cosphaderm® Magnolia Extract 98 (Magnolia officinalis bark extract) . For all tests the following oil-in-water emulsion was used (Table 2). The pH of the emulsion was 6.5.
High water content (76 %) was used in order to impede the bacteria reduction.
Table 2:
As a reference, the single effective ingredients as well as zinc lactate were added separately to the oil-in-water emulsion. In addition, a combination of effective ingredient and zinc lactate was tested. The results of these combinations have been checked for synergistic effects. All tests were evaluated together in order to have the same inoculation concentration and conditions for all samples.
The inoculation concentrations for all combinations and their references (single substances) are shown in Table 3. The abbreviation CFU stands for colony forming unit
Table 3:
An oil-in-water emulsion comprising the combination of zinc lactate and glyceryl caprylate was incubated with E.coli and P. aeruginosa and the microbial count reduction was measured after 2 and 7 days. The reduction of colony forming units of bacteria given in logarithmic scale is given in Table 4. The expected log reductions are the sum of the log reductions of both single substances.
Table 4:
The combination of zinc lactate and glyceryl caprylate showed synergistic effects for all microorganisms tested on day 2 and day 7. The measured log reduction was higher compared to the expected summation of log reduction and can be seen as a synergistic effect.
In another experiment, an oil-in-water emulsion comprising the combination of zinc lactate and pentylene glycol was incubated with E.coli and P. aeruginosa and the microbial count reduction was measured after 2 and 7 days. The reduction of colony forming units of bacteria given in logarithmic scale is given in Table 5. The expected log reductions are the sum of the log reductions of both single substances.
Table 5:
The combination of zinc lactate and pentylene glycol showed synergistic effects for all microorganisms tested on day 2 and day 7 (Table 5).
In another experiment, an oil-in-water emulsion comprising the combination of zinc lactate and caprylhydroxamic acid was tested for E. coli. The results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6:
Caprylhydroxamic acid is a strong chelating agent. The detected synergistic effect in combination with zinc lactate is remarkable because a complexation of zinc does not seem to take place or has no influence on the antimicrobial effect. Synergistic effects have been detected for E. coli on day 2 and 7. Thus, a very low dosage of Caprylhydroxamic acid can synergistically boost the antimicrobial efficacy.
In the last experiment, three different microorganisms were tested (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus). A combination of zinc lactate and Magnolia officinalis bark extract obtained via extraction with supercritical CO2 was used. The extract was purified with ethanol. The log reduction was measured after 2 days only (Table 7).
Table 7:
Magnolia officinalis bark extract consists off two antimicrobial ingredients: Magnolol and Honokiol in a ratio of approximately 1:1. Both bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds are highly hydrophobic which leads to challenges for exploitation of their antimicrobial properties in most cosmetic formulations. In water-based formulations they do not dissolve well and in emulsions they migrate to the oil phase where their influence on water-based growth of microorganisms is limited. Zinc lactate is water soluble and is not expected to influence the solubility of Magnolia extract, thus, the detected synergistic effect is unexpected.
In the test sample that solely contains Magnolia officinalis bark extract, bacteria were growing and did not show any reduction of colony forming units. Interestingly the combination of zinc lactate and Magnolia officinalis bark extract showed synergistic effects on day 2 for E. coli, P. aeruginosa. and S. aureus (Table 7).
These results are beneficial for skin care products and in particular for oral care products because zinc lactate as well as the actives of Magnolia officinalis bark extract Magnolol and Honokiol are highly efficient against caries and periodontitis germs.
In summary, it was shown that zinc lactate has an antibacterial efficacy against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus even at higher pH values. The efficacy can be increased significantly by adding an additional effective ingredient such as glyceryl caprylate, pentylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, caprylhydroxamic acid and Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
Claims
1. Composition comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C3 to C10 diols,
- C5 to C10 hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
- mixtures thereof.
2. Composition comprising at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C3 to C10 vicinal diols,
- C8 to C10 hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
- mixtures thereof.
3. Composition of claims 1 or 2, wherein the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of a carboxylic acid.
4. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one zinc salt is a zinc salt of an alpha hydroxy acid, preferably the zinc salt is zinc lactate.
5. Composition of any of the preceding claims, comprising one zinc salt and one additional effective ingredient in a ratio of 15:1 to 1:3.
6. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one additional effective ingredient is a glyceryl ester of a C8 to C12 carboxylic acid, preferably a glyceryl monoester of a linear C8 to C12 carboxylic acid, in particular glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl laurate or glyceryl undecylenate.
7. Composition of any of claim 1 and claims 3 to 6, wherein at least one additional effective ingredient is a C3 to C10
1.3-diol, preferably a C3 to C7 1,3-diol, in particular
1.3-propanediol.
8. Composition of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one additional effective ingredient is a C3 to C10 vicinal diol, preferably a C5 to C7 vicinal diol, in particular 1,2-pentanediol or 1,2-hexanediol.
9. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one additional effective ingredient is a C6 to C10 hydroxamic acid, preferably a C6 to C10 hydroxamic acid with a saturated alkyl chain, in particular caprylhydroxamic acid.
10. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the additional effective ingredient is at least one bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compound, preferably a bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds in which each phenyl ring is substituted with one allyl group.
11. Composition of claim 10, wherein the additional effective ingredient is an extract comprising Magnolol and/or Honokiol, preferably the extract is a Magnolia officinalis bark extract.
12. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is a cosmetic composition or a personal care formulation.
13. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient are present in the composition in an amount effective to achieve at least a 2 log reduction in the number of viable bacteria against the value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 2 days after inoculation of the composition and/or an amount effective to produce at least a 3 log reduction in the number of viable/live
bacteria against the value obtained for the inoculum at a time point of 7 days after inoculation of the composition.
14. Composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the zinc salt is present in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 4 wt% and/or the additional effective ingredient is present in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.
15. A method of inhibiting microbial growth in a composition comprising: introducing at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids, C3 to C10 diols, C5 to C10 hydroxamic acids, bi- (hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or mixtures thereof, and controlling the growth of at least one microorganism.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one microorganism is a bacterium from the genus Escherichia, Pseudomonas and/or Staphylococcus, preferably Escherichia colif Pseudomonas aeruginosa and/or Staphylococcus aureus.
17. Use of a combination of at least one zinc salt and at least one additional effective ingredient in an amount achieving a synergistic antimicrobial effect for controlling microbial growth, wherein the additional effective ingredient is selected from:
- glyceryl esters of C8 to C12 carboxylic acids,
- C3 to C10 diols,
- C8 to C10hydroxamic acids,
- bi-(hydroxyphenyl) compounds, and/or
- mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21171696.4A EP4082517A1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient |
| PCT/EP2022/061556 WO2022229423A1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2022-04-29 | Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4329714A1 true EP4329714A1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
Family
ID=75786902
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21171696.4A Withdrawn EP4082517A1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient |
| EP22726651.7A Pending EP4329714A1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2022-04-29 | Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21171696.4A Withdrawn EP4082517A1 (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Composition comprising a zinc salt and an additional effective ingredient |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4082517A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022229423A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007076125A2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Swiss-American Products, Inc. | Zinc compositions and their use in anti-microbial applications |
| FR2968942B1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2016-02-12 | Oreal | COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING ZINC SALT AND 1,2-OCTANEDIOL |
| PL2774481T3 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2019-03-29 | Symrise Ag | Antimicrobial compositions |
| EP2807925A1 (en) * | 2013-05-26 | 2014-12-03 | Symrise AG | Antimicrobial compositions |
| US11116710B2 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2021-09-14 | Symrise Ag | Antimicrobial compositions |
| KR102026810B1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-09-30 | 주식회사 크로파세 | A preservative for skin external application, and a cosmetic composition and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same |
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 EP EP21171696.4A patent/EP4082517A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-04-29 EP EP22726651.7A patent/EP4329714A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-29 WO PCT/EP2022/061556 patent/WO2022229423A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022229423A1 (en) | 2022-11-03 |
| EP4082517A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
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