EP4317903A1 - Waffenhalterung und turm mit einer solchen waffenhalterung - Google Patents

Waffenhalterung und turm mit einer solchen waffenhalterung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4317903A1
EP4317903A1 EP23187022.1A EP23187022A EP4317903A1 EP 4317903 A1 EP4317903 A1 EP 4317903A1 EP 23187022 A EP23187022 A EP 23187022A EP 4317903 A1 EP4317903 A1 EP 4317903A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
axis
turret
elevation
around
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23187022.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benjamin FOURNIER
Xavier Poirmeur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knds France
Original Assignee
Nexter Systems SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Systems SA filed Critical Nexter Systems SA
Publication of EP4317903A1 publication Critical patent/EP4317903A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
    • F41A27/08—Bearings, e.g. trunnions; Brakes or blocking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
    • F41A27/18—Mechanical systems for gun turrets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/30—Stabilisation or compensation systems, e.g. compensating for barrel weight or wind force on the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
    • F41G5/14—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns
    • F41G5/24—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns for guns on tanks

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of weapon mountings for military vehicle turrets, in particular armored vehicles such as a tank, and turrets comprising such weapon mountings.
  • the French patent application FR2544065 A1 discloses an example of an oscillating type turret. If we refer to the Figure 1 , it can be seen that there is shown schematically, in side view, an oscillating turret 100, the weapon mounting 101 of which comprises an oscillating mass 102 pivotally mounted, via pins 103, on a mount 104 secured to the shell 105 of the turret 100.
  • the turret 100 is mounted on a military vehicle so as to be pivotable in bearing around a bearing separating the turret 100 from the vehicle and defining a mounting plane P1, here confused with the horizontal upper wall of the carapace 105.
  • the oscillating mass 102 is formed by a body (not shown) to which a weapon 106 is secured in rotation, which constitutes a mass recoiling relative to the mount 104 consecutively to a shot, a cradle 107 which cooperates with the trunnions 103 and serves to guide the recoil movement of the weapon 106, and a weapon reloading device 108, hereinafter designated by the term charger, which allows the weapon 106 to be reloaded and which is placed outside the recoil trajectory of the weapon 106.
  • the weapon 106 conventionally comprises a tube 109 closed at its rear end by a breech after positioning the ammunition.
  • the pivoting of the oscillating mass 102 around the journals 103 for pointing in elevation is controlled by any appropriate means, such as for example jacks, so that the oscillating mass 102 can be pointed with a positive elevation angle ⁇ , the angle of site ⁇ being the angle formed between the longitudinal axis A1 of the weapon tube 106 and the horizontal plane P2 passing through the axis of the pins 103.
  • the oscillating turret 100 Due to the fact that the magazine 108 remains aligned in elevation with the weapon 106 throughout operation, the oscillating turret 100 has the advantage of rapid reloading of the weapon 106 and very satisfactory balancing of the oscillating mass 102 around the pivot axis formed by the pins 103.
  • the elevation clearance of the weapon 106 is low and the oscillating turrets are therefore only used for tense shots in direct view of the target.
  • a turret with decoupled magazine 110 which allows pointing at higher elevation angles ⁇ for curved shots.
  • the decoupled magazine turret 110 differs from the oscillating turret 100 in that the magazine 108 is not part of the oscillating mass 102, which here only includes the weapon 106 and the cradle 107.
  • a clearance is provided in the central part of the turret 110 located under the installation plane P1, this clearance being conventionally formed by a turret well 111 penetrating into the chassis of the vehicle and in which the rear part of the tube 109 and the breech 112 can extend at the end of the recoil movement of the weapon 106.
  • the American patent US4838144 describes an example of such a turret with a decoupled magazine.
  • Turrets with decoupled magazines have the disadvantage of requiring a realignment of the weapon 106 with the magazine 108 between each shot, in order to be able to load ammunition into the weapon 106, which reduces the rate of fire.
  • the turret well 111 could be omitted and avoid interference between the weapon 106 and the shell 105 by raising the pins 103 and the mount 104 relative to the installation plane P1. However, this leads to less stability of the weapon 106 when fired, a penalizing transport size and less stealth.
  • the solution according to the present invention is based on the selective decoupling of the charger and a so-called recoil assembly, comprising the recoiling mass and the means for guiding in translation its recoil movement, and the articulation of the recoil assembly alone around 'a second site axis placed in front of the first site axis around which the oscillating mass pivots, namely that the second site axis is closer to the muzzle of the weapon than is the first site axis, this articulation being made using pivot connection means carried by the body.
  • the entire oscillating mass including the recoil assembly and the magazine, pivots around the first site axis, like an oscillating turret and therefore with the same advantages, to be pointed with a site angle called for tense shooting.
  • the recoil assembly and the charger are coupled to each other with regard to pivoting around the first elevation axis.
  • the entire oscillating mass When operating in curved firing mode, the entire oscillating mass can be rotated around the first elevation axis to point it with a first positive angle, then rotate the recoil assembly around the second elevation axis to point the weapon with an angle of site, called for curved shooting, which is greater than said first angle and sufficient to perform a curved shot.
  • the recoil assembly and the charger are decoupled from each other with regard to pivoting around the second site axis.
  • This curved firing capacity by over-pointing of the oscillating mass, is obtained without reducing the stability of the weapon when firing, without increasing the transport size and without reducing the stealth of the vehicle, since said articulation of the assembly of retreat around the second elevation axis only results in a very limited increase, or even without any increase, in the height dimensions of the turret.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a weapon assembly comprising an oscillating mass which comprises first pivot connection means intended to interface with a mount of a military vehicle turret to allow the oscillating mass to pivot in elevation around of a first elevation axis so as to be able to be pointed with a positive elevation angle, the oscillating mass comprising a body, intended to be connected to the mount by the first pivot connection means, a charger, and a set of recoil comprising a recoiling mass, which comprises a weapon and translates relative to the mount during a shot, and guide means for ensuring the guidance in translation of the recoiling mass, the recoil assembly and the magazine being coupled to the body so as to pivot in one piece with the body during pivoting of the oscillating mass around the first site axis, characterized in that the guide means are further connected to the body by second pivot connection means which define a second site axis parallel to the first site axis and around which the recoil assembly is capable of pivoting, relative to to the body and independently
  • the first and second site axes are separated by a distance of between 1000 and 2000 mm.
  • the second pivot connection means may comprise pins secured to the guide means and bores in the body, each receiving a respective pin in rotation.
  • the first pivot connection means may be pins.
  • the guiding means may include a cradle.
  • any appropriate means can be provided in the cradle to ensure the guidance, and possibly braking, of the recoil movement of the recoil assembly, such as for example by cooperation of one or more profiles secured to one of the cradle and the weapon and one or more complementary rails secured to the other among the cradle and the rail. Examples can for example be found in the documents FR3109815 A1 , US 2012/0266747 A1 , EP1072857 A1 And US 5703318A .
  • the weapon assembly may include as means for controlling the pivoting of the recoil assembly around the second site axis, one or more cylinders, a wheel and endless screw system or a rack secured to the recoil assembly, where applicable of the cradle, and a pinion driven by drive means, such as for example a gear motor, carried by the body.
  • drive means such as for example a gear motor
  • the weapon assembly comprises blocking means for blocking the rotation of the oscillating mass around the first site axis during a shot, in particular during a shot where the recoil assembly has been pivoted around the second elevation axis so as to increase the elevation angle of the oscillating mass.
  • the firing force creates a torque around the first site axis, a torque that the blocking means make it possible to take up.
  • the locking means may for example comprise a locking device configured to lock the body of the oscillating mass to the turret, which locking device comprises at least a first locking member secured to the body and capable of engaging with a second member respective locking secured to the turret.
  • the blocking means can be formed directly by means for controlling the pointing in elevation around the first elevation axis, the control means being mechanically irreversible.
  • control means based on a wheel and endless screw.
  • the present invention also relates to a turret for a military vehicle pivoting in bearing around a bearing separating the turret from the vehicle and defining a mounting plane, the turret being characterized by the fact that it comprises a weapon mounting as defined above.
  • the turret 1 is pivotally mounted in bearing around a bearing (not shown) separating the turret 1 from the vehicle and defining the installation plane P1, here merged with the horizontal upper wall of the carapace 3 of the vehicle , to which a mount 4 is attached.
  • the weapon assembly 2 comprises a body 5 provided with first pivot connection means 6, here two pins 7 which are each pivotally received in a respective bore 4a of the mount 4 and define a first site axis S1, around which the weapon assembly 2 is capable of pivot by any appropriate control means, well known per se, such as for example by cylinder (not shown).
  • the weapon assembly 2 also includes a weapon 8, notably of large caliber (greater than 40 mm) and a cradle 9.
  • the weapon 8 comprises a tube 8a whose longitudinal axis defines the axis A1 of the weapon 8 and which is closed at its rear part by a breech 8b.
  • the weapon 8 is mounted in translation on the cradle 9 which serves as means for guiding in translation the recoil movement of the weapon 8 following a shot.
  • the weapon 8 constitutes, with any components which are integral with it in translation, such as for example recoil brake components, a recoiling mass 10.
  • the cradle 9 and the recoiling mass 10 form the recoil assembly 11 according to the present invention.
  • the weapon assembly 2 further comprises a magazine 12 serving as means for reloading the weapon 8.
  • the charger 12 can for example be that of the type described in the German patent application DE3328208 A1 , which comprises two barrels 13 each arranged on either side of the weapon 8 and a stretcher 14 pivotally mounted, on a support 14a secured to the body 5, around an axis A2 which is orthogonal to the plane passing through the first site axis S1 and the axis A1 of the weapon 8, the stretcher 14 being provided with means for collecting ammunition from a barrel 13 then placing it in position in the weapon 8. During the firing phases, the stretcher 14 will be pivoted so as not to interfere with the recoil trajectory of the recoiling mass 10.
  • the means described above of the weapon assembly 2 are already known from the prior art.
  • the weapon assembly 2 according to the present invention differs in that the cradle 9 is connected to the body 5 by second pivot connection means 15 such that the recoil assembly 11 is capable of pivoting alone relative to to the body 5 around a second site axis S2 which is parallel to the first site axis S1.
  • the second pivot connection means 15 can be two pins 16 secured to the cradle 9 and each positioned on one side of the weapon 8.
  • Each pin 16 is pivotally mounted in a bore 17 which has a support part 18 of the body 5.
  • the pivoting of the recoil assembly 11 around the second site axis S2 can be controlled by any appropriate means, such as for example by jack(s) or by a wheel and worm system.
  • any appropriate means such as for example by jack(s) or by a wheel and worm system.
  • control means which comprise a rack 9a, secured to the cradle 9 and located on one side of the latter, and drive means comprising a pinion 9b which meshes with the rack 9a.
  • the rack 9a follows an arc of a circle with the same center as the pin 16.
  • the pinion 9b is carried by a shaft 9c rotated by the support part 18 and whose rotation drive is ensured by a motor 9d, as for example a gear motor, shown schematically on the Figure 6 .
  • motor 9d as for example a gear motor
  • the body 5 is hollow and formed, for example, of mechanically welded sheets constituting a lower wall 5a, an upper wall 5b, a front wall 5c, a rear wall 5d and two side walls 5e, which walls delimit an interior space in which the charger 12 is located.
  • An opening 5f is provided in the front wall 5c so as to allow the passage of the weapon 7 and its pointing in elevation.
  • the upper wall 5b has been omitted.
  • the weapon 8 is pointed in elevation at an elevation angle for tense firing ⁇ 1, here the maximum angle possible in tense firing mode, by pivoting in one piece, around the first elevation axis A1, of the body 5, elements which are integral with it, such as the charger 12, and the recoil assembly 11.
  • the turret 1 functions in a similar manner to an oscillating turret, and therefore has a low clearance in elevation of the weapon 8 in order to avoid interference with the installation plane P1, but also the same advantages as rapid reloading of the weapon. 8 weapon and very satisfactory balancing.
  • the recoil assembly 11 can be pivoted alone around the second elevation axis S2 so as to increase the elevation angle of the weapon 8, up to a maximum elevation angle for curved firing ⁇ 2 above which the recoiling mass 10 would be likely to interfere with the body 5 during the recoil following a shot.
  • the pivot connection means 15 being carried by the body 5 and pivoting with the latter during a pivoting of the body 5 around the first site axis S1, it is easy to understand that it suffices to place the body 5 at an angle of site positive so that the second site axis S2 is located at a height, relative to the installation plane P1, greater than that of the first site axis S1.
  • This together with the fact that the second site axis S2 is placed in front of the first site axis S1, makes it possible to increase the site angle of the weapon 8 by pivoting of the recoil assembly 11 alone, by comparison to the maximum possible elevation angle in tense firing operation. We can thus ensure over-aiming of the weapon 8.
  • the maximum elevation angle for curved shot ⁇ 2 will be a function in particular of the distance D between the first and second elevation axes S1 and S2. This distance D will therefore be chosen so that in curved shot mode the weapon 8 can be aimed with a sufficient elevation angle to perform a curved shot.
  • This distance D can for example be between 1000 and 2000 mm.
  • Turret 1 therefore also allows curved shots to be fired.
  • the firing force creates a torque around the first elevation axis S1.
  • the weapon assembly 2 comprises blocking means 19 allowing selectively to prevent any rotation of the oscillating mass around the first site axis S1 during a curved shot.
  • the blocking means 19 can for example comprise a locking device 20 comprising two first locking members secured to the body 5, one on each longitudinal side of the latter, which are here each formed by a hole 5g in the respective 5th side wall.
  • the locking device 20 further comprises two second locking members 21 secured to the shell 3 and each configured to engage with a respective one of the first locking members so as to block the rotation of the body 5 around the first axis of site S1.
  • each second locking member 21 can be formed by a finger which is carried by a support 22 secured to the shell 3 and which can be moved in translation in a direction parallel to the first site axis S1 (represented by the double arrows) so to be able to be engaged, as illustrated for finger 21 on the left of the Figure 3 , or disengaged, as illustrated for finger 21 on the right, from the respective hole 5g. It is easy to understand that when the two fingers 21 are engaged in the holes 5g, the body 5 is prevented from rotating around the first site axis S1 and the torque is thus taken up by the vehicle. For the sake of readability, the blocking means 19 have not been represented schematically on the Figure 3 .
  • the blocking of rotation of the body 5 can only be obtained when the fingers 21 are facing the holes 5g, therefore for a given angular position of the body 5.
  • This angular position can be chosen for example to match the maximum elevation angle in straight shot mode.
  • the first and second site axes S1 and S2 belong to the plane in which the axis A1 of the weapon 6 extends when operating in tense firing mode. It would for example be possible to provide for the second elevation axis S2 to be above the plane to which the axis A1 and the first elevation axis S1 belong, this making it possible to further increase the maximum elevation angle of the weapon. 6 in curved shot mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP23187022.1A 2022-08-03 2023-07-21 Waffenhalterung und turm mit einer solchen waffenhalterung Pending EP4317903A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2207957A FR3138690A1 (fr) 2022-08-03 2022-08-03 Montage d’arme et tourelle comportant un tel montage d’arme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4317903A1 true EP4317903A1 (de) 2024-02-07

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EP23187022.1A Pending EP4317903A1 (de) 2022-08-03 2023-07-21 Waffenhalterung und turm mit einer solchen waffenhalterung

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EP (1) EP4317903A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3138690A1 (de)

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544065A1 (fr) 1983-04-05 1984-10-12 Fives Cail Babcock Tourelle oscillante pour engin blinde
DE3328208A1 (de) 1983-08-04 1986-06-26 Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München Panzerturm
US4838144A (en) 1987-05-27 1989-06-13 Rheinmetall Gmbh Automatic loading device for a gun
DE3843258A1 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-05 Rheinmetall Gmbh Scheitellafettiertes geschuetz fuer ein panzerfahrzeug
FR2670878A1 (fr) * 1984-05-18 1992-06-26 Creusot Loire Dispositif de chargement automatique d'une arme en munitions.
EP0664430A2 (de) * 1993-12-22 1995-07-26 Giat Industries Munitionsladevorrichtung für eine in einem Panzerturm angeordnete Rohrwaffe
US5703318A (en) 1995-09-20 1997-12-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Artillery gun mount
EP1072857A1 (de) 1999-07-26 2001-01-31 Giat Industries Führungssystem für rücklaufende Masse eines Geschützes
US20040134339A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-15 Emile Urvoy Weapon aiming system
US20040159229A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2004-08-19 Emile Urvoy System for elevation and directional angle aiming of a weapon
US20120266747A1 (en) 2011-04-21 2012-10-25 Kenneth Wynes Soft recoil system
WO2017076388A1 (de) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Waffensystem
FR3109815A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage compact d'une masse reculante

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544065A1 (fr) 1983-04-05 1984-10-12 Fives Cail Babcock Tourelle oscillante pour engin blinde
DE3328208A1 (de) 1983-08-04 1986-06-26 Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München Panzerturm
FR2670878A1 (fr) * 1984-05-18 1992-06-26 Creusot Loire Dispositif de chargement automatique d'une arme en munitions.
US4838144A (en) 1987-05-27 1989-06-13 Rheinmetall Gmbh Automatic loading device for a gun
DE3843258A1 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-05 Rheinmetall Gmbh Scheitellafettiertes geschuetz fuer ein panzerfahrzeug
EP0664430A2 (de) * 1993-12-22 1995-07-26 Giat Industries Munitionsladevorrichtung für eine in einem Panzerturm angeordnete Rohrwaffe
US5703318A (en) 1995-09-20 1997-12-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Artillery gun mount
EP1072857A1 (de) 1999-07-26 2001-01-31 Giat Industries Führungssystem für rücklaufende Masse eines Geschützes
US20040134339A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-15 Emile Urvoy Weapon aiming system
US20040159229A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2004-08-19 Emile Urvoy System for elevation and directional angle aiming of a weapon
US20120266747A1 (en) 2011-04-21 2012-10-25 Kenneth Wynes Soft recoil system
WO2017076388A1 (de) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Waffensystem
FR3109815A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage compact d'une masse reculante

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