EP4283875A1 - Method for monitoring a plurality of short circuit-forming signalling elements and arrangement for carrying out the method - Google Patents
Method for monitoring a plurality of short circuit-forming signalling elements and arrangement for carrying out the method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4283875A1 EP4283875A1 EP22175146.4A EP22175146A EP4283875A1 EP 4283875 A1 EP4283875 A1 EP 4283875A1 EP 22175146 A EP22175146 A EP 22175146A EP 4283875 A1 EP4283875 A1 EP 4283875A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- short
- blanking
- pulses
- signal
- mats
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100495256 Caenorhabditis elegans mat-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/18—Modifications for indicating state of switch
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B9/00—Safety arrangements
- G05B9/02—Safety arrangements electric
- G05B9/03—Safety arrangements electric with multiple-channel loop, i.e. redundant control systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring short-circuiting signaling elements and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
- Signaling elements such as safety mats or emergency stop switches are used as part of safety controls, especially in the industrial sector, to safely switch electrical consumers such as presses or milling tools on and off in order to prevent danger to people and materials.
- the safety controls usually have a number of switching inputs and outputs for connecting the working contacts of the signaling elements.
- a constant functional check of the safety control is also required in order to meet the relevant safety standards and certifications. For particularly high security levels, this also includes constant checking of the cabling of the connected signaling elements.
- the output voltage is provided with regular blanking intervals.
- this blanking gap at the switching input can no longer be determined and the error can be identified.
- this principle is often used to determine the switching status of so-called short-circuit-forming signaling elements.
- These signaling elements have two current paths, each with one input and one output, which are short-circuited when actuated.
- both the first input and the second input of the signaling element are supplied with a voltage signal provided with blanking gaps.
- the blanking gaps are offset in time, so that the blanking gaps in the two current paths always occur at different times. If the signaling element is actuated and the current paths are short-circuited, the blanking gaps are bridged - just like in the case of a cross-circuit. They can therefore no longer be detected at the outputs of the current paths that are connected to the switching inputs of the safety control and the safety control can detect the actuation of the signaling element.
- the actuation is detected by comparing the input and output signals, and when the signaling element is actuated a difference only occurs during a blanking gap, the detection accuracy is limited by the frequency of the blanking gaps. There is therefore always an offset between actual actuation and detection and a very short actuation of the signaling element is even possible not recorded if it occurs between two blanking intervals. In addition, the system always requires knowledge of the exact position of the blanking gaps with regard to signal evaluation.
- the invention is based on the object of expanding the known prior art so that a simple evaluation of the actuation state and the detection of cable errors is possible for several signaling elements.
- the representation according to FIG 1 shows a safety controller 1 with a control unit, not shown, which can be designed, for example, as a microcontroller.
- the safety control 1 has two switching outputs 4, which are inserted into the power supply of an electrical consumer that should be safely switched off in the event of danger.
- a step mat 2 which has two parallel current paths 3, 4, is provided as a short-circuit-forming signaling element.
- the inputs of the current paths 3, 4 are connected to switching outputs 5,6 of the safety controller 1 and the outputs of the current paths are connected to switching inputs 7,8 of the safety controller.
- the tread mats 2 are used to secure larger areas. They are laid out on the floor in dangerous work areas of electrical consumers. If a step mat 2 is stepped on, a short circuit occurs between the two current paths 3,4.
- This short circuit is detected by the safety device 1 by monitoring the corresponding signal inputs 7, 8 and the consumer is switched off.
- the current paths of the same are provided with different signal sequences S 1 ...S n , S 1... S n in such a way that an easily decodable, unique, binary representation of the state of the connected foot mats 2 are present.
- the second of the two current paths 4 of a signaling element has the inverted signal sequence S 1... S n of the first current path 3 is applied.
- Fig. 2 shows the switching signals at 12 different switching outputs 5,6 of the safety control 1 for connection to the two parallel current paths of 6 safety mats 2.
- the (safe) state of the safety mats 2 is represented by the binary number 10 01 10 10 01 01 defined.
- the binary number 11 01 10 10 01 01 is an indication that step mat No. 1 was stepped on at time t1 and a short circuit occurred between the two current paths 3.4 of this step mat.
- the switching signals are used to quickly determine the cause S 1... S n how out Figure 2 clearly visible.
- Each signal has a periodically recurring sequence of a short pulse and a short blanking gap as well as a long pulse and a long blanking gap, with pulses and blanking gaps each having the same duration and the long pulses or blanking gaps having twice the duration of the short pulses or blanking gaps exhibit.
- the present signal structure is suitable for controlling up to 6 mats; if there are a larger number, it is possible, for example, to expand the signals by a second short pulse with a blanking interval.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Mehrzahl kurzschlussbildender Meldeelemente, wobei jedes Meldeelement (2) zumindest zwei Strompfade (3,4) aufweist, die bei Betätigung des Meldeelements (2) kurzgeschlossen werden, wobei die Strompfade der Meldeelemente (2) mit unterschiedlichen Signalfolgen (S<sub>1</sub>...S<sub>n</sub>, S<sub>1...</sub>S<sub>n</sub>) in der Weise beaufschlagt werden, dass innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Zeitrahmens zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine einfach dekodierbare, eindeutige, binäre Darstellung des Zustandes der angeschlossenen Trittmatten vorliegt.The invention relates to a method for monitoring a plurality of short-circuit-forming signaling elements, each signaling element (2) having at least two current paths (3, 4) which are short-circuited when the signaling element (2) is actuated, the current paths of the signaling elements (2) having different signal sequences (S<sub>1</sub>...S<sub>n</sub>, S<sub>1...</sub>S<sub>n</sub>) are acted upon in this way that an easily decodable, clear, binary representation of the status of the connected safety mats is available at any time within a given time frame.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung kurzschlussbildender Meldeelemente und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for monitoring short-circuiting signaling elements and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
Meldeelemente wie beispielsweise Schaltmatten oder Not-AusSchalter werden im Rahmen von Sicherheitssteuerungen vor allem im industriellen Bereich dazu verwendet, elektrische Verbraucher wie beispielsweise Pressen oder Fräswerkzeuge sicher ein- und auszuschalten, um Gefahren für Mensch und Material zu verhindern.Signaling elements such as safety mats or emergency stop switches are used as part of safety controls, especially in the industrial sector, to safely switch electrical consumers such as presses or milling tools on and off in order to prevent danger to people and materials.
Die Sicherheitssteuerungen weisen üblicherweise eine Anzahl von Schalteingängen und -ausgängen zum Anschluss der Arbeitskontakte der Meldeelemente auf.The safety controls usually have a number of switching inputs and outputs for connecting the working contacts of the signaling elements.
Neben der Überwachung der Schaltstellung der Meldeelemente ist dabei auch eine ständige Funktionsüberprüfung der Sicherheitssteuerung erforderlich, um die relevanten Sicherheitsnormen-und zertifizierungen zu erfüllen. Für besonders hohe Sicherheitsstufen umfasst dies insbesondere auch eine ständige Prüfung der Verkabelung der angeschlossenen Meldeelemente.In addition to monitoring the switching position of the signaling elements, a constant functional check of the safety control is also required in order to meet the relevant safety standards and certifications. For particularly high security levels, this also includes constant checking of the cabling of the connected signaling elements.
Diese Prüfung erfolgt üblicherweise durch Austastlücken in den logischen Signalen an den Schaltausgängen. Bei üblichen digitalen Logiken liegt an den Schaltausgängen entweder eine logische 1 oder eine logische 0 an, die durch bestimmte Spannungswerte unterschieden werden. So wird typisch eine Spannung von +24 V der logischen 1 zugeordnet, während das Erdungspotential die logische 0 darstellt.This test is usually carried out using blanking gaps in the logic signals at the switching outputs. In common digital logics, the switching outputs have either a logical 1 or a logical 0, which are differentiated by certain voltage values. Typically, a voltage of +24 V is assigned to logic 1, while the ground potential represents logic 0.
Um zu erkennen, ob die an den Schalteingängen der Sicherheitssteuerung anliegende Spannung tatsächlich auch mit der Ausgangsspannung der Sicherheitssteuerung übereinstimmt, wird die Ausgangsspannung mit regelmäßigen Austastlücken versehen.In order to detect whether the voltage present at the switching inputs of the safety control actually corresponds to the output voltage of the safety control, the output voltage is provided with regular blanking intervals.
Im Fall eines Kabelfehlers, mit beispielsweise einem Querschluss zu einem anderen Kabel mit entsprechender Spannung, ist diese Austastlücke am Schalteingang nicht mehr feststellbar und der Fehler erkennbar.In the event of a cable error, for example with a cross circuit to another cable with the corresponding voltage, this blanking gap at the switching input can no longer be determined and the error can be identified.
Dieses Prinzip wird neben der Querschlusserkennung häufig auch zur Ermittlung des Schaltzustands sogenannter kurzschlussbildender Meldeelemente verwendet. Diese Meldeelemente weisen zwei Strompfade mit jeweils einem Eingang und einem Ausgang auf, die bei Betätigung kurzgeschlossen werden.In addition to cross-circuit detection, this principle is often used to determine the switching status of so-called short-circuit-forming signaling elements. These signaling elements have two current paths, each with one input and one output, which are short-circuited when actuated.
Zur Ermittlung des Schaltzustands eines Meldeelementes werden sowohl der erste Eingang als auch der zweite Eingang des Meldeelementes mit einem mit Austastlücken versehenen Spannungssignal beaufschlagt. Die Austastlücken sind dabei jedoch zeitlich versetzt, so dass die Austastlücken in den beiden Strompfaden immer zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten auftreten. Wird das Meldeelement betätigt und somit die Strompfade kurzgeschlossen, werden - ebenso wie bei einem Querschluss - die Austastlücken überbrückt. Sie sind daher an den Ausgängen der Strompfade, die an die Schalteingänge der Sicherheitssteuerung angeschlossen sind, nicht mehr feststellbar und die Sicherheitssteuerung kann die Betätigung des Meldeelements erkennen.To determine the switching state of a signaling element, both the first input and the second input of the signaling element are supplied with a voltage signal provided with blanking gaps. However, the blanking gaps are offset in time, so that the blanking gaps in the two current paths always occur at different times. If the signaling element is actuated and the current paths are short-circuited, the blanking gaps are bridged - just like in the case of a cross-circuit. They can therefore no longer be detected at the outputs of the current paths that are connected to the switching inputs of the safety control and the safety control can detect the actuation of the signaling element.
Da die Erkennung der Betätigung durch den Vergleich von Eingangs- und Ausgangssignal erfolgt, und bei Betätigung des Meldeelements ein Unterschied nur während einer Austastlücke auftritt, ist die Erfassungsgenauigkeit durch die Frequenz der Austastlücken begrenzt. Es ergibt sich somit stets ein Versatz zwischen tatsächlicher Betätigung und Erfassung und eine sehr kurze Betätigung des Meldeelements wird sogar überhaupt nicht erfasst, wenn sie zwischen zwei Austastlücken erfolgt. Zudem erfordert das System hinsichtlich der Signalauswertung stets die Kenntnis der genauen Position der Austastlücken.Since the actuation is detected by comparing the input and output signals, and when the signaling element is actuated a difference only occurs during a blanking gap, the detection accuracy is limited by the frequency of the blanking gaps. There is therefore always an offset between actual actuation and detection and a very short actuation of the signaling element is even possible not recorded if it occurs between two blanking intervals. In addition, the system always requires knowledge of the exact position of the blanking gaps with regard to signal evaluation.
Nach der Lehre der
Damit kann bei einem einzelnen Meldeelement mittels einfacher Entweder-Oder-Auswertung eine besonders einfache und sichere Erkennung des Betätigungszustands des Meldeelements erreicht werden.This means that a particularly simple and reliable detection of the actuation state of the signaling element can be achieved for a single signaling element using simple either-or evaluation.
Beim Einsatz einer Mehrzahl von Meldeelementen sind diese nach dem Stand der Technik üblicherweise seriell geschaltet, wodurch eine Auswertung nur für die Gesamtheit der Meldeelemente möglich ist und keine Identifikation einzelner Elemente erfolgt.When using a plurality of signaling elements, these are usually connected in series according to the prior art, which means that an evaluation is only possible for the entirety of the signaling elements and no identification of individual elements takes place.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den bekannten Stand der Technik so zu erweitern, dass eine einfache Auswertung des Betätigungszustandes und die Erkennung von Kabelfehlernbei mehreren Meldeelementen möglich ist.The invention is based on the object of expanding the known prior art so that a simple evaluation of the actuation state and the detection of cable errors is possible for several signaling elements.
Erfindungsgemäß geschieht dies mit einem Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.According to the invention, this is done using a method according to claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von Figuren näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using figures.
Es zeigen beispielhaft:
-
Fig 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Sicherheitssteuerung mit einer angeschlossenen Trittmatte, und -
FIG 2 eine graphische Darstellung der verschiedenen Schaltsignale an Schaltausgängen der Sicherheitssteuerung.
-
Fig 1 a schematic representation of a safety control with a connected safety mat, and -
FIG 2 a graphical representation of the various Switching signals at switching outputs of the safety controller.
Die Darstellung gemäß
Die Sicherheitssteuerung 1 hat zwei Schaltausgänge 4, die in die Stromzufuhr eines elektrischen Verbrauchers eingefügt sind, der im Gefahrenfall sicher ausgeschaltet werden soll.The safety control 1 has two
Als kurzschlussbildendes Meldeelement ist eine Trittmatte 2 vorgesehen, welche zwei parallele Strompfade 3,4 aufweist. Die Eingänge der Strompfade 3, 4 sind mit Schaltausgängen 5,6 der Sicherheitssteuerung 1 und die Ausgänge der Strompfade mit Schalteingängen 7,8 der Sicherheitssteuerung verbunden.A
Die Trittmatten 2 dienen der Absicherung größerer Flächen. Sie werden in gefährlichen Arbeitsbereichen elektrischer Verbraucher auf dem Boden ausgelegt. Wird eine Trittmatte 2 betreten, erfolgt ein Kurzschluss zwischen den beiden Strompfaden 3,4.The
Dieser Kurzschluss wird durch Überwachung der entsprechenden Signaleingänge 7,8 durch die Sicherheitseinrichtung 1 erkannt und der Verbraucher ausgeschaltet.This short circuit is detected by the safety device 1 by monitoring the corresponding signal inputs 7, 8 and the consumer is switched off.
Gemäß den gesetzlichen Bestimmungen ist aber nicht nur die Auslösung der Matten, sondern die ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Meldeelemente zu überwachen. Es könnten ja beispielsweise durch einen Drahtbruch oder einen Kurzschluss in den Zuleitungen der Strompfade Fehler auftreten.According to the legal regulations, not only the activation of the mats, but also the proper functioning of the signaling elements must be monitored. For example, errors could occur due to a wire break or a short circuit in the supply lines of the current paths.
Erfindungsgemäß werden dazu beim Einsatz mehrerer Trittmatten die Strompfade derselben mit unterschiedlichen Signalfolgen S1...Sn,
Insgesamt zeigen im dekodierten Zeitrahmen 6 unterschiedliche Binärzahlen den sicheren Zustand der 6 Trittmatten an.In total, 6 different binary numbers indicate the safe status of the 6 safety mats in the decoded time frame.
Eine Abweichung davon weist auf das Vorliegen eines Auslösevorganges hin. So ist beispielsweise die binäre Zahl 11 01 10 10 01 01 ein Hinweis darauf, dass Trittmatte Nr. 1 zum Zeitpunkt t1 betreten wurde und ein Kurzschluss zwischen den beiden Strompfaden 3,4 dieser Trittmatte aufgetreten ist.A deviation from this indicates the existence of a triggering process. For example, the binary number 11 01 10 10 01 01 is an indication that step mat No. 1 was stepped on at time t1 and a short circuit occurred between the two current paths 3.4 of this step mat.
Allerdings ist diese Aussage nicht eindeutig, da in einem Fehlerfall auch beispielsweise ein Kurzschluss zwischen der Zuleitung zum zweiten Strompfad der ersten Matte und der Zuleitung zum ersten Stromkreis der dritten Matte zu einer entsprechenden Binärzahl 11 01 10 10 01 01 hin.However, this statement is not clear, since in the event of a fault, for example, a short circuit between the supply line to the second current path of the first mat and the supply line to the first circuit of the third mat results in a corresponding binary number 11 01 10 10 01 01.
Für die Unterscheidung, ob ein Auslösevorgang oder ein Fehler vorliegt, ist daher die Betrachtung mehrerer aufeinanderfolgender Zeitpunkte t1, t2, t3 im Signalverlauf erforderlich.In order to distinguish whether there is a triggering process or an error, it is therefore necessary to consider several consecutive times t 1 , t 2 , t 3 in the signal curve.
So wären die Signalwerte
Für eine rasche Ermittlung der Ursache sind die Schaltsignale
Die einer einzelnen Matte zuzuordnenden Schaltsignale S1 und
Der vorliegende Signalaufbau eignet sich zur Ansteuerung von bis zu 6 Matten, bei einer größeren Anzahl besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit die Signale um einen zweiten kurzen Impuls mit Austastlücke zu erweitern.The present signal structure is suitable for controlling up to 6 mats; if there are a larger number, it is possible, for example, to expand the signals by a second short pulse with a blanking interval.
Es wäre auch denkbar das Basissignal mit einem Kurzen und einem langen Impuls plus Austastlücken zu belassen, aber die Phasenverschiebung bzw. die Dauer der Verschiebung zwischen 2 benachbarten Signalen auf die Hälfte eines schmalen Impulses zu reduzieren.It would also be conceivable to leave the base signal with a short and a long pulse plus blanking gaps, but to reduce the phase shift or the duration of the shift between 2 adjacent signals to half of a narrow pulse.
- 11
- SicherheitssteuerungSafety control
- 22
- TrittmatteStep mat
- 33
- erster Strompfadfirst current path
- 44
- zweiter Strompfadsecond current path
- 5,65.6
- Schaltausgänge derswitching outputs
- 7,87.8
- Schalteingänge der SicherheitssteuerungSafety control switching inputs
- S1...SnS1...Sn
- Signalfolge am ersten Strompfad der ersten bis nten TrittmatteSignal sequence on the first current path of the first to nth foot mat
- S1...SnS1...Sn
- Signalfolge am zweiten Strompfad der ersten bis nten TrittmatteSignal sequence on the second current path of the first to nth foot mat
- t1,t2,t3t1,t2,t3
- Zeitpunkte im SignalverlaufPoints in time in the signal curve
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22175146.4A EP4283875A1 (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Method for monitoring a plurality of short circuit-forming signalling elements and arrangement for carrying out the method |
US18/321,055 US20230384379A1 (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2023-05-22 | Arrangement and Method for Monitoring a Plurality of Short-Circuit Forming Indicating Elements |
CN202310595611.4A CN117110939A (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Method for monitoring a plurality of short-circuit-forming signal elements and device for carrying out the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP22175146.4A EP4283875A1 (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Method for monitoring a plurality of short circuit-forming signalling elements and arrangement for carrying out the method |
Publications (1)
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EP4283875A1 true EP4283875A1 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP22175146.4A Pending EP4283875A1 (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Method for monitoring a plurality of short circuit-forming signalling elements and arrangement for carrying out the method |
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US (1) | US20230384379A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4283875A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN117110939A (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4441070A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co | Safety switch arrangement for current supply to hazardous working medium equipment |
US20010024125A1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2001-09-27 | Siemens Ag | Method for detecting faults on safety oriented sensors |
EP1480049A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Automatic test pattern generation |
US20110204729A1 (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-25 | Dirk Lorenz | Safety switching device with universal signal input |
EP2988419B1 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-06-14 | Wieland Electric GmbH | Method for determining the state of a reporting element which forms a short circuit |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 EP EP22175146.4A patent/EP4283875A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-22 US US18/321,055 patent/US20230384379A1/en active Pending
- 2023-05-24 CN CN202310595611.4A patent/CN117110939A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4441070A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co | Safety switch arrangement for current supply to hazardous working medium equipment |
US20010024125A1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2001-09-27 | Siemens Ag | Method for detecting faults on safety oriented sensors |
EP1480049A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Automatic test pattern generation |
US20110204729A1 (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-25 | Dirk Lorenz | Safety switching device with universal signal input |
EP2988419B1 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-06-14 | Wieland Electric GmbH | Method for determining the state of a reporting element which forms a short circuit |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN117110939A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
US20230384379A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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