EP4208685A1 - Firearm with cartridge - Google Patents
Firearm with cartridgeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4208685A1 EP4208685A1 EP21709668.4A EP21709668A EP4208685A1 EP 4208685 A1 EP4208685 A1 EP 4208685A1 EP 21709668 A EP21709668 A EP 21709668A EP 4208685 A1 EP4208685 A1 EP 4208685A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- firearm
- projectile
- cartridge
- over
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/12—Cartridge chambers; Chamber liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/16—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the shape of the bore
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
- F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
- F41A15/14—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on or within the bolt; Extractors per se
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/025—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by the dimension of the case or the missile
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/10—Ball or slug shotgun cartridges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/46—Barrels having means for separating sabots from projectiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
- F42B10/26—Stabilising arrangements using spin
Definitions
- the invention relates to a firearm with a cartridge that has a barrel with an inner surface, a barrel length measured from a cartridge chamber to a barrel muzzle, and a barrel axis, the cartridge having a single, sabot-free projectile with a peripheral surface.
- the invention also relates to the use of such a firearm.
- Firearm cartridges typically have either a plurality of small projectiles, such as shot, or, as in the present invention, a single projectile.
- the majority of single-projectile cartridges use projectiles with an outside diameter equal to or slightly larger than the inside diameter (larger than field gauge for rifled barrels) of the firearm's barrel so that the projectiles seal the barrel when fired.
- An arrow or a bolt can also be used as a projectile, for example in the case of so-called kinetic energy projectiles. Since its outer diameter is significantly smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel, the projectile is equipped with a sabot that seals the barrel of the firearm and prevents propellant gas from escaping the projectile. The sabot is ejected after the projectile leaves the barrel.
- the invention is based on the object of providing a firearm with a cartridge of the type mentioned at the outset, which reduces the problems of the prior art mentioned.
- a firearm with a cartridge is to be made available that is lighter than firearms known from the prior art.
- this object is achieved by a firearm with a cartridge that has the features of claim 1 .
- the projectile is stabilized in the barrel by the propellant gas flowing past it, so that a surprisingly high level of accuracy can be achieved.
- the muzzle velocity of the projectiles is also unexpectedly high, since not only are the frictional forces in the barrel minimized or eliminated, but the projectile is also accelerated by the suction effect of the gases flowing past.
- the minimum width of the gap, measured in the radial direction of the barrel, is preferably between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
- the gap in the invention can have a minimum width, measured in the radial direction of the barrel, of at least 0.3 mm, in particular a minimum width of at least 0.5 mm.
- the gap in the invention can also have a minimum width measured in the radial direction of the barrel of at most 1 mm, in particular a minimum width of at most 0.6 mm. Any combination of the given upper and lower limits of the gap width is possible.
- Limits for the gap width can also be defined, for example, such that the outer diameter of the projectile is at least 2%, preferably at least 5% and in particular at least 10% smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel.
- the outside diameter of the projectile can also be at most 25%, particularly preferably at most 10% and in particular at most 5% smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel. Any combination of the specified upper and lower limits is possible.
- the outer diameter of the projectile must be larger for smaller calibers and smaller for larger calibers, so that the gap width is not too small for small calibers and not too large for large calibers. In particular, however, in the case of the invention the gap width will be smaller for smaller calibers and larger for larger calibers.
- the inner surface of the barrel is essentially smooth.
- the largest diameter of the inner surface in a longitudinal section of the barrel is referred to as the inner diameter of the barrel in the case of a smooth barrel.
- the inner surface of the barrel it is also possible within the scope of the invention for the inner surface of the barrel to be structured or rough at least in regions, ie to have a surface structured at least in regions with small elevations or depressions of, for example, less than 0.2 mm in height or depth.
- Such a structuring in the form of, for example, scale-like, sawtooth-like or cup-like elevations or depressions can swirl the propellant gas in a targeted manner in order to be able to use the resulting flow advantages.
- Embodiments are preferred in which the barrel has an essentially constant inner diameter. Such barrels can be manufactured more easily.
- the barrel can also have an inner diameter that changes along the length of the barrel.
- the run can be one before the
- the barrel Have muzzle reducing inner diameter.
- the pressure loss due to the narrowing gap in the area in front of the mouth possibly reduced to a gap width of 0 mm, can be reduced and the existing residual pressure can be used more effectively.
- the guidance of the projectile in the barrel and thus the accuracy of the weapon can be improved as a result.
- the barrel it is possible for the barrel to have an inner diameter that only increases at a distance of, for example, 5 to 10 cm from the cartridge chamber, so that the gas pressure can be optimally used immediately after the cartridge chamber, and the advantages resulting from the gap according to the invention only afterwards come to fruition.
- the ridges preferably run straight along the length of the barrel or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel, i.e. in the direction of the barrel axis.
- the maximum outer diameter of the projectile is only slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the lands.
- elevations are arranged on the peripheral surface of the projectile in the direction of the barrel axis and protruding radially outwards from the peripheral surface, and for the elevations measured in the circumferential direction to be no more than 10%, in particular no more than 5%, on the inner surface of the run. This results in advantages similar to those of a barrel with inwardly protruding ribs.
- cartridges known in principle which have a sleeve in which a propellant charge serving as a propellant and at least partially the projectile are accommodated. Ignition of the propellant charge provides propellant gas to expel the projectile from the barrel.
- the propellant gas is not provided by the propellant charge of a cartridge, but for example from a gas reservoir, for example a gas cartridge or gas cartridge.
- the chamber in which the projectile is received is considered the chamber and the projectile is considered the cartridge within the meaning of the invention.
- the propellant charge of the cartridge has an offensive, in particular platelet-shaped or tubular powder.
- An offensive powder burns particularly quickly, so that a very high gas pressure is created right at the beginning of the burning process, which then decreases more quickly than a less offensive powder.
- the invention is particularly suitable for a powder that can also be used in shotgun ammunition.
- Embodiments are preferred in which the projectile has a substantially spherical or oval shape or a cylindrical shape with a conical or ogival tip.
- the firearm with a cartridge is part of the
- the firearm can be a rifle, such as a rifle or shotgun, or a handgun, such as a pistol.
- the firearm is a cannon, a grenade launcher, an artillery piece or a mortar.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a prior art
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a firearm according to the invention with a cartridge with a sectioned barrel
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the barrel of the firearm according to the invention with a cartridge in a simplified representation according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the barrel of the firearm according to the invention with a cartridge according to FIG. 3,
- FIGS. 7 and 8 a third embodiment of a barrel according to the invention with bars in a simplified representation in longitudinal and cross section
- FIGS. 9 and 10 a fourth embodiment of a barrel according to the invention with bars in a simplified representation in longitudinal and cross section
- the 1 shows a conventional firearm 1 with a barrel 2 shown in section.
- the barrel 2 has an inside diameter D L .
- a cartridge 3 is located in a cartridge chamber 4 of the barrel 2.
- the length of the barrel 2 measured in the direction of the barrel axis from the front end of the cartridge chamber 4 to the muzzle 7 of the barrel 2 is referred to as the barrel length L.
- the cartridge 3 has a projectile 5 with a maximum outer diameter D P which is received in a case 6 of the cartridge 3 with a rear section.
- the sleeve 6 is also filled with a propellant charge that can be ignited by a firing mechanism of the firearm 1, which is not shown. When the propellant charge is ignited, propellant gas is produced with which the Projectile 5 is driven out of barrel 2 by the gas pressure exerted by the propellant gas.
- the projectile 5 has a maximum outer diameter D P which is essentially the same size or slightly larger than the inner diameter D L of the barrel 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows a firearm 1 according to the invention with a cartridge 3, the barrel 2 also being shown in section.
- the inner diameter D L of the smooth barrel 2 of the firearm 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 2 is larger than the maximum outer diameter D P of the projectile 5.
- the maximum outer diameter D P of the projectile 5 is shown much smaller than the inner diameter D L of the barrel 2 for better illustration. In fact, however, embodiments are preferred in which the maximum outer diameter D P of the projectile 5 is only between 2% and 25%, in particular between 5% and 10%, smaller than the inner diameter D L of the barrel 2 .
- FIGS. 3 to 10 show the barrel 2 of the firearm 1 according to the invention in different embodiments, each in a longitudinal section (FIGS. 3, 5, 7 and 9) and in a cross section (FIGS. 4, 6, 8 and 10).
- the projectile 5 is shown in FIGS. 3 to 10 after the propellant charge accommodated in the case 6 has been ignited, ie during the expulsion of the projectile 5 from the barrel 2 .
- the propellant gas flows past the projectile 5 through the gap 10 formed between the inner surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 , as illustrated by the arrows 11 .
- the barrel 2 has an essentially constant inner diameter D L over its length L.
- the width B of the gap 10 formed continuously between the inner surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 is the same over the entire length L of the barrel 2 .
- the inner diameter D L of the barrel 2 increases steadily towards the muzzle 7, so that the width B of the gap 10 between the inner surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 from the cartridge chamber also increases 4 towards the mouth 7 increases more and more.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of the firearm 1 according to the invention, in which webs 12 are arranged on the inner surface 8 of the barrel 2, which run in the longitudinal direction of the barrel 2, i.e. in the direction of the barrel axis.
- the gap 10 therefore does not extend around the entire circumference of the projectile 5, but only over at least 90% of the circumference.
- the interruptions in the gap 10 due to the width of the webs 12 are therefore at most 10% of the circumference of the projectile 5, but preferably less, for example less than 5% of the circumference, so that the friction between the end faces of the webs 12 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 is as low as possible.
- the gap width B is determined by the height of the webs 12 in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS.
- End faces of the webs 12 directed radially inwards form a guide channel 13 which has a diameter D F .
- the Diameter D F of the guide channel 13 is only slightly larger than or equal to the maximum outer diameter D P of the projectile 5. The projectile 5 is thus guided in the guide channel 13, but the propellant gas can flow between the webs 12 in the direction of the barrel axis continuously open gap 10 flow past the projectile 5.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 The embodiment of the firearm 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, with the difference that an oval projectile 5 is used instead of a spherical one.
- the oval projectile 5 has fins 14 that stabilize the projectile 5 in flight.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50748/2020A AT523170B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Firearm with cartridge |
PCT/EP2021/055196 WO2022048798A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-03-02 | Firearm with cartridge |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4208685A1 true EP4208685A1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
Family
ID=74856861
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21709668.4A Pending EP4208685A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-03-02 | Firearm with cartridge |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220065578A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4208685A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2023539621A (en) |
AT (1) | AT523170B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021335240A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112023002505A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3189145A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL301054A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022048798A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US157008A (en) * | 1874-11-17 | Improvement in gun-barrels | ||
US35443A (en) * | 1862-06-03 | Improvement in ordnance | ||
US3067680A (en) * | 1957-12-13 | 1962-12-11 | Robert G Lahr | Toy cartridges and toy projectiles therefor |
FR1529742A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1968-06-21 | Improvements to mortar tubes and projectiles | |
DE19925676C1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-08-10 | Heckler & Koch Gmbh | Hand gun for firing bottle-shaped cartridges has exchangeable original barrel with cartridge magazine and breech block which for cartridge ignition has only main distance |
US20050183318A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-08-25 | Mcgivern Kenneth J. | Muzzle loading firearm, gun barrel design, projectile system and method of using thereof |
US20120131836A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-05-31 | Smith & Wesson Corp. | Enhanced life barrel |
US9395163B2 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-07-19 | Randy R. Fritz | Hollow slug and casing |
RU192402U1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-09-16 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" | ARTILLERY PROBLEM WITH STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR SMOOTH GUN |
-
2020
- 2020-09-02 AT ATA50748/2020A patent/AT523170B1/en active
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 US US17/186,722 patent/US20220065578A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 CA CA3189145A patent/CA3189145A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 IL IL301054A patent/IL301054A/en unknown
- 2021-03-02 AU AU2021335240A patent/AU2021335240A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 EP EP21709668.4A patent/EP4208685A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 JP JP2023513675A patent/JP2023539621A/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 BR BR112023002505A patent/BR112023002505A2/en unknown
- 2021-03-02 WO PCT/EP2021/055196 patent/WO2022048798A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2021335240A1 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
JP2023539621A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
IL301054A (en) | 2023-05-01 |
WO2022048798A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
BR112023002505A2 (en) | 2023-04-04 |
AU2021335240A8 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
CA3189145A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
US20220065578A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
AT523170A4 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
AT523170B1 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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Legal Events
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