EP4187186B1 - Hoisting apparatus - Google Patents
Hoisting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4187186B1 EP4187186B1 EP21211058.9A EP21211058A EP4187186B1 EP 4187186 B1 EP4187186 B1 EP 4187186B1 EP 21211058 A EP21211058 A EP 21211058A EP 4187186 B1 EP4187186 B1 EP 4187186B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- inner housing
- gripping
- nut
- brake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000009482 yaws Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
- B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
- B66C1/442—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces actuated by lifting force
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0068—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising clamps or tongs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0069—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities the device being suspended, e.g. from a crane
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus for hoisting a load, in particular anodes or anode blocks as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- anodes In an aluminum factory a very important part of the production process are the anodes. Anodes are used in the electrolysis processes, whereas they are being used up in this process. Thus, for each ton of aluminum approx. 500 kg of anode material is being consumed. Generally, these anodes are made from carbon and pitch. When they are produced in a first step, they are transported by conveyors to a storage area, where they are handled by anode stacking cranes, putting the anodes in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage by the anode stacking crane, taken to a conveying system that transports them to the baking furnace where they are handled by a different crane, the furnace tending assembly.
- the anodes are baked in the furnace, where they get their required properties, taken from the furnace and placed on a conveyor system that takes them again to a storage where they are taken again by an anode stacking crane and placed in storage.
- the anodes are taken out of storage and placed on a conveyor that takes them to a rodding shop where a rod is attached and they can be used in the electrolysis process.
- Both, the anode stacking crane and the furnace tending assembly have either mechanically (e.g., by gravity) or hydraulically operated clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws, described exemplary in US 4,326,937 A , US 3,719,300 A , WO 2004/079046 A2 , and US 4,133,570 A .
- mechanical operated gripping jaws according to e.g., US 4,133,570 A
- the clamping force to the anode is provided by a lever mechanism using the weight of the parts of the gripping mechanism and the anode to create enough clamping force so that the anode stays grabbed and can get lifted.
- All conventional gravity-based mechanisms can be locked using a locking mechanism in order to block a movement of the gripping jaws against each other, wherein this blocking is only carried out when the gripping jaws are opened and no load or anode is grabbed. This enables the gripping jaws to be positioned above the load, wherein after reaching the correct position the locking of the gripping jaws is suspended, such that the load or anode can be grabbed using the gravity-based mechanism. A locking during transportation of the load is not provided for in the known gravity-based mechanisms.
- a hoisting apparatus for gripping and lifting a load, e.g., an anode
- the hoisting apparatus comprises a locking mechanism having a nut rotatably connected to an inner housing of the hoisting apparatus and screwed onto a spindle, wherein the spindle is fixedly connected to an outer housing of the hoisting apparatus, directly or indirectly, such that the nut rotates on the spindle if/when the inner housing is moved against an outer housing along the lifting direction, wherein the nut is further fixedly connected to a brake disc, preferably in a coaxial configuration, and the brake disc is interacting with a brake unit, e.g., a brake caliper, attached to the inner housing in such a way, that in an activated state of the brake unit a rotation of the brake disc and the nut is prevented in order to also prevent the gripping jaws (or grabbing jaws) of the hoisting apparatus to move against each other along the gripping direction, which is
- the locking mechanism can easily prevent or block a movement of the inner housing, which is operatively connected to each gripping jaw by a lever mechanism, against the outer housing along a (vertical) lifting direction by preventing a rotation of the nut on the spindle. Otherwise, in the unlocked state, this relative movement of the inner housing against the outer housing causes the gripping jaws to move relative to each other along the gripping direction in the present gravity-based mechanisms, e.g., closer together to grab or apart from each other to release a load or anode.
- the nut of the locking mechanism comprises an outer guiding groove and at least one bearing is fixedly connected to the inner housing, wherein the at least one bearing is movably received in the outer guiding groove to rotatably connect the nut to the inner housing.
- the brake unit e.g., brake caliper
- the brake unit comprises at least one brake pad, preferably two brake pads above each surface (top/bottom) of the brake disc, wherein the brake disc is at least partially positioned inside a gap of the brake unit in such a way that the at least one brake pad containing friction material layers on its surface can be pressed flat against the brake disc in the activated state of the brake unit in order to prevent a rotation of the brake disc by friction.
- the rotation of the brake disc can be allowed or prevented in an easy and effective way, when there is a need to lock the gripping jaws.
- a lever mechanism is assigned to each clamping jaw, wherein each lever mechanism is constructed identical, and each lever mechanism is coupled to the inner housing, e.g., via an equalizer. This allows to transfer a vertical movement (along the lifting direction) of the inner housing against the outer housing into a uniform horizontal motion (along the gripping direction) of the gripping jaws relative to each other.
- each lever mechanism comprises an angle lever having two lever arms merging into each other at a pivot point, whereas said angle lever is pivotably connected to the outer housing at said pivot point and the first lever arm of said angle lever is pivotably connected to the assigned clamping jaw and the second lever arm of said angle lever is pivotably connected to a straight lever of the same lever mechanism, wherein the straight lever is in turn pivotably connected to the inner housing, e.g., via the equalizer.
- Fig. 1 shows a hoisting apparatus 1 having an outer housing 2 containing movable clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws 3, 4, on each side and an inner housing 5 that can be moved relative to the outer housing 2, wherein this movement is guided by several rollers R or guide wheels attached to the outer housing 2 running on guide rails G on the inner housing 5 (see Fig. 3 ).
- the inner housing 5 is connected to a lifting means, e.g., a motor (not shown), suitable to lift a load L (see Fig. 2 ) that is to be grabbed using the gripping jaws 3, 4.
- the inner housing 5 can be connected to the lifting means by wire ropes or rope sheaves.
- the load L is an anode (or a plurality of anodes) as used in a furnace for producing aluminum.
- the hoisting apparatus 1 may be part of an anode stacking crane to put or pick new or baked anodes into or out of a storage, or a furnace tending assembly, which handles the anodes in the area of the baking furnace, where the anodes get their properties required for the subsequent electrolysis process.
- the respective gripping jaws 3, 4 are each connected to the outer housing 2 by a linking member 6, a lever for example, each running between a first shaft 7 on the outer housing 2 and a second shaft 8 on horizontal arms 3a, 4a of the respective gripping jaws 3, 4.
- An additional lever mechanism 9a, 9b individually connects the gripping jaws 3, 4 to an equalizer 10, which in turn is attached to the inner housing 5. If the inner housing 5 is moved against the outer housing 2 in a lifting direction D2 (vertical direction) the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b transfer this vertical movement into the gripping jaws 3, 4, causing an essentially horizontal movement of the gripping jaws 3, 4 in a gripping direction D1, as described below.
- each gripping jaw 3, 4 is affected in the same way.
- the gripping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved closer together and upon lowering the inner housing 5 against the outer housing 2, the clamping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved apart from each other.
- both clamping jaws 3, 4 come into contact with the load L in a grabbed state, a clamping force is acting on the load L, whereas said clamping force is, in particular, dependent on the weight of all the elements carried by the inner housing 5, namely the load L as well as the mentioned mechanical components 6, 9a, 9b, 2.
- the lever mechanism 9a, 9b converts the gravitational force acting on the inner housing 5 into the clamping force acting on the load L.
- Each of said lever mechanism 9a, 9b contains an angle lever 11, having a first lever arm 11a and a second lever arm 11b merging into each other at a pivot point 14, as well as a straight lever 12.
- the first lever arm 11a of each angle lever 11 is pivotably connected to the respective horizontal arm 3a, 4a of the gripping jaws 3, 4 by a third shaft 13.
- the second lever arm 11b of each angle lever 11 is pivotable connected to one of said straight levers 12 by a fourth shaft 15.
- Each straight lever 12 is in turn pivotably connected to the equalizer 10 by a fifth shaft 16.
- each of said angle levers 11 is pivotably connected to the outer housing 2 at the pivot point 14 by a sixth shaft 17.
- the first lever arm 11a and the linking member 6 assigned to the same gripping jaw 3, 4 form a parallelogram linkage Pa, Pb. This ensures an essentially horizontal movement of the gripping jaws 3, 4 in the gripping direction D1 and thus an effective force application to the load L, when the inner housing 5 is moved in the vertical direction (lifting direction D2) against the outer housing 2.
- the relative movement of the inner housing 5 against the outer housing 2 can be blocked by a locking mechanism 18 as shown in Fig. 3 to 6 , in order to prevent a relative movement of the clamping jaws 3, 4 against each other, when needed.
- the locking mechanism 18 allows to block the relative movement of the housings 2, 5 and the gripping jaws 3, 4 against each other in every relative position. Consequently, the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be locked in an open position, e.g., when moving the crane containing the hoisting apparatus 1 above the load L to be grabbed or after releasing the load L, as well as in a closed position or grabbed state when a clamping force is acting on the load L.
- an accidental opening of the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be prevented in the closed position or grabbed state, e.g., in case the grabbed load L is lowered onto an object, e.g., onto the edge of a furnace pit, which would automatically lead to a relative movement of the inner housing 5 against the outer housing 2, if such a locking mechanism 18 isn't used.
- the locking mechanism 18 is attached to the inner housing 5, e.g., onto an inner plate 19 connected to the inner housing 5, as shown in Fig. 5 .
- the inner plate 19 has an opening 20 through which a spindle 21 having a threaded region 21a protrudes, as can be seen in Fig. 3 or 4 .
- the spindle 21 is connected or fixed by fixing means 23 to an attachment plate 22 at the underside of the outer housing 2, wherein, in the shown embodiment, the spindle 21 is connected with or attached to an additional non-threaded rod 24 (in one-piece design or two-piece design), which is fixed to the attachment plate 22 by the fixing means 23.
- the spindle 21 and the non-threaded rod 24 are passing all the way through the inner housing 5 in vertical direction.
- the spindle 21 might be directly fixed to the outer housing 2 or the attachment plate 22 without an additional non-threaded rod 24.
- the locking mechanism 18 further comprises a nut 25 having an inner thread 25a such that the nut 25 can be screwed onto the threaded region 21a of the spindle 21 allowing a vertical movement of the nut 25 along the spindle 21.
- the nut 25 has an outer guide groove 25b in which at least one bearing 26, e.g., an annular bearing 26 or circular arranged bearings 26, is received.
- the at least one bearing 26 is fixedly connected to the inner housing 5, e.g., by an annular bracket 27. Consequently, by moving the inner housing 5 relative to the outer housing 2 up (to close the grab) or down (to open the grab), the at least one bearing 26 received inside the outer guide groove 25b pushes the nut 25 up or down.
- the thread pitch of the threaded region 21a and the inner thread 25a is selected accordingly to allow this rotation of the nut 25 when a relative movement between the housings 2, 5 occur.
- the nut 25 is coaxially connected with a brake disc 28, such that the brake disc 28 is also rotating around the same rotational axis as the nut 25 upon relative movement of the inner housing 5 against the outer housing 2.
- the brake disc 28 is at least in part placed inside a gap 29 of a brake unit 30 (brake caliper) having brake pads 30a, 30b and an actuating means 30c.
- the brake unit 30 is fixed to the inner housing 5, e.g., also to the inner plate 19.
- the brake unit 30 In dependence of the switching position of the actuating means 30c the brake unit 30 is activated or released, wherein in the activated state of the brake unit 30 the brake pads 30a, 30b are (from above and below) pressed flat against the surface of the brake disc 28 placed inside the gap 29, whereby a braking force is generated as the friction material layers on each of the brake pads 30a, 30b are touching the brake disc 28. Consequently, the rotation of the brake disc 28 as well as the nut 25 on the spindle 21 is prevented in the activated state of the brake unit 30. This also blocks a relative movement of the housings 2, 5 against each other, such that the relative movement of the gripping jaws 3, 4 is also locked in the current position as the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b is fixed.
- the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be brought into a locked or an unlocked state in every position by operating the actuation means 30c at the appropriate point in time. If a load L should be grabbed, the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be locked (locked state) by bringing the brake unit 30 into the activated state while the gripping jaws 3, 4 are positioned above the load L. Once they are positioned above the load L the actuating means 30c are actuated such that the brake unit 30 is brought into the released state (brake pads 30a, 30b lifted from the brake disc 28) in order to allow the gripping jaws 3, 4 to move closer together in this unlocked state by moving the inner housing 5 up relative to the outer housing 2, as described above.
- the actuating means 30a are actuated such that the brake unit 30 is brought into the activated state (brake pads 30a, 30b pressed against the brake disc 28) in order to lock the gripping jaws 3, 4 in the current position (locked state).
- the load L is lowered onto something, e.g., unintentionally, the gripping jaws 3, 4 stay closed and the load L can be securely carried by the hoisting apparatus 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus for hoisting a load, in particular anodes or anode blocks as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, according to the preamble of
claim 1. - In an aluminum factory a very important part of the production process are the anodes. Anodes are used in the electrolysis processes, whereas they are being used up in this process. Thus, for each ton of aluminum approx. 500 kg of anode material is being consumed. Generally, these anodes are made from carbon and pitch. When they are produced in a first step, they are transported by conveyors to a storage area, where they are handled by anode stacking cranes, putting the anodes in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage by the anode stacking crane, taken to a conveying system that transports them to the baking furnace where they are handled by a different crane, the furnace tending assembly. Subsequently, the anodes are baked in the furnace, where they get their required properties, taken from the furnace and placed on a conveyor system that takes them again to a storage where they are taken again by an anode stacking crane and placed in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage and placed on a conveyor that takes them to a rodding shop where a rod is attached and they can be used in the electrolysis process.
- Both, the anode stacking crane and the furnace tending assembly have either mechanically (e.g., by gravity) or hydraulically operated clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws, described exemplary in
US 4,326,937 A ,US 3,719,300 A ,WO 2004/079046 A2 , andUS 4,133,570 A . In case of mechanical operated gripping jaws, according to e.g.,US 4,133,570 A , on both types of cranes, the clamping force to the anode is provided by a lever mechanism using the weight of the parts of the gripping mechanism and the anode to create enough clamping force so that the anode stays grabbed and can get lifted. - All conventional gravity-based mechanisms can be locked using a locking mechanism in order to block a movement of the gripping jaws against each other, wherein this blocking is only carried out when the gripping jaws are opened and no load or anode is grabbed. This enables the gripping jaws to be positioned above the load, wherein after reaching the correct position the locking of the gripping jaws is suspended, such that the load or anode can be grabbed using the gravity-based mechanism. A locking during transportation of the load is not provided for in the known gravity-based mechanisms. This can lead to an unintentional opening of the gripping jaws when the load or anode is e.g., unintentionally lowered onto something, e.g., onto the edge of a furnace pit, as the gravitational effect is suspended in this case.
- Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide a hoisting apparatus, which allows an easy and secure hoisting of a load, in particular an anode as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum.
- This object is achieved by a hoisting apparatus according to the features of
claim 1. Preferred embodiments are referred to in the subclaims. - Thus, according to the invention, a hoisting apparatus for gripping and lifting a load, e.g., an anode, is provided, wherein the hoisting apparatus comprises a locking mechanism having a nut rotatably connected to an inner housing of the hoisting apparatus and screwed onto a spindle, wherein the spindle is fixedly connected to an outer housing of the hoisting apparatus, directly or indirectly, such that the nut rotates on the spindle if/when the inner housing is moved against an outer housing along the lifting direction, wherein the nut is further fixedly connected to a brake disc, preferably in a coaxial configuration, and the brake disc is interacting with a brake unit, e.g., a brake caliper, attached to the inner housing in such a way, that in an activated state of the brake unit a rotation of the brake disc and the nut is prevented in order to also prevent the gripping jaws (or grabbing jaws) of the hoisting apparatus to move against each other along the gripping direction, which is ensured by preventing a relative movement of the inner housing against the outer housing containing the movable gripping jaws at each side, each connected to the outer housing by a parallelogram linkage. In a corresponding manner it is provided that in a released state of the brake unit a rotation of the brake disc and the nut is allowed in order to also allow the gripping jaws to move against each other along the gripping direction by also allowing a relative movement of the inner housing against the outer housing.
- Thus, when needed, the locking mechanism can easily prevent or block a movement of the inner housing, which is operatively connected to each gripping jaw by a lever mechanism, against the outer housing along a (vertical) lifting direction by preventing a rotation of the nut on the spindle. Otherwise, in the unlocked state, this relative movement of the inner housing against the outer housing causes the gripping jaws to move relative to each other along the gripping direction in the present gravity-based mechanisms, e.g., closer together to grab or apart from each other to release a load or anode. As the rotation of the brake disc or the nut can be prevented in every relative position of the gripping jaws by bringing the brake unit into the activated state, it is also possible to lock a relative movement of the gripping jaws against each other when a load is transported. This can prevent an unintentional opening of the gripping jaws when the load or anode is e.g., unintentionally lowered onto something, e.g., onto the edge of a furnace pit, as the suspended gravitational effect even when using a gravity-based mechanisms isn't leading to a relative movement of the housings against each other.
- According to another aspect of the invention, the nut of the locking mechanism comprises an outer guiding groove and at least one bearing is fixedly connected to the inner housing, wherein the at least one bearing is movably received in the outer guiding groove to rotatably connect the nut to the inner housing. This ensures, that the nut can easily be coupled to the vertical movement of the inner housing simultaneously allowing the nut to rotate onto the spindle, when the inner housing is moved relative to the outer housing.
- According to another aspect of the invention, the brake unit, e.g., brake caliper, comprises at least one brake pad, preferably two brake pads above each surface (top/bottom) of the brake disc, wherein the brake disc is at least partially positioned inside a gap of the brake unit in such a way that the at least one brake pad containing friction material layers on its surface can be pressed flat against the brake disc in the activated state of the brake unit in order to prevent a rotation of the brake disc by friction. In doing so, the rotation of the brake disc can be allowed or prevented in an easy and effective way, when there is a need to lock the gripping jaws.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a lever mechanism is assigned to each clamping jaw, wherein each lever mechanism is constructed identical, and each lever mechanism is coupled to the inner housing, e.g., via an equalizer. This allows to transfer a vertical movement (along the lifting direction) of the inner housing against the outer housing into a uniform horizontal motion (along the gripping direction) of the gripping jaws relative to each other. According to a further aspect, each lever mechanism comprises an angle lever having two lever arms merging into each other at a pivot point, whereas said angle lever is pivotably connected to the outer housing at said pivot point and the first lever arm of said angle lever is pivotably connected to the assigned clamping jaw and the second lever arm of said angle lever is pivotably connected to a straight lever of the same lever mechanism, wherein the straight lever is in turn pivotably connected to the inner housing, e.g., via the equalizer. This represents an easy and effective way of mechanically transferring the respective motions into each other, wherein preferably an additional linking member is assigned to each clamping jaw, wherein each linking member is pivotably connected to the outer housing and the assigned clamping jaw, and wherein the first lever arm of said angle lever and the linking member assigned to the same clamping jaw are forming the respective parallelogram linkage allowing the assigned clamping jaw to move essentially into the gripping direction. Thus, a uniform and steady motion of the gripping jaws is ensured in an easy way.
- Features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reading of the following detailed description along with the accompanied drawings, wherein:
- Fig. 1
- shows a hoisting apparatus in a side view with gripping jaws in an open state;
- Fig. 2
- shows a detailed view of the hoisting apparatus according to
Fig. 1 , with gripping jaws in a closed state grabbing a load, e.g., an anode; and - Fig. 3-6
- show detailed views of the locking mechanism attached to an inner housing of the hoisting apparatus according to
Fig. 1 . -
Fig. 1 shows a hoistingapparatus 1 having anouter housing 2 containing movable clamping members, e.g., grippingjaws inner housing 5 that can be moved relative to theouter housing 2, wherein this movement is guided by several rollers R or guide wheels attached to theouter housing 2 running on guide rails G on the inner housing 5 (seeFig. 3 ). Theinner housing 5 is connected to a lifting means, e.g., a motor (not shown), suitable to lift a load L (seeFig. 2 ) that is to be grabbed using the grippingjaws inner housing 5 can be connected to the lifting means by wire ropes or rope sheaves. - Preferably, the load L is an anode (or a plurality of anodes) as used in a furnace for producing aluminum. As such, the hoisting
apparatus 1 may be part of an anode stacking crane to put or pick new or baked anodes into or out of a storage, or a furnace tending assembly, which handles the anodes in the area of the baking furnace, where the anodes get their properties required for the subsequent electrolysis process. - With reference to
Fig. 2 and3 , therespective gripping jaws outer housing 2 by a linkingmember 6, a lever for example, each running between afirst shaft 7 on theouter housing 2 and asecond shaft 8 onhorizontal arms respective gripping jaws additional lever mechanism gripping jaws equalizer 10, which in turn is attached to theinner housing 5. If theinner housing 5 is moved against theouter housing 2 in a lifting direction D2 (vertical direction) thelever mechanisms gripping jaws gripping jaws - As the
lever mechanisms jaws jaw inner housing 5 against theouter housing 2, e.g., by actuating the lifting means, thegripping jaws inner housing 5 against theouter housing 2, theclamping jaws jaws inner housing 5, namely the load L as well as the mentionedmechanical components lever mechanism inner housing 5 into the clamping force acting on the load L. - Each of said
lever mechanism angle lever 11, having afirst lever arm 11a and asecond lever arm 11b merging into each other at apivot point 14, as well as astraight lever 12. Thefirst lever arm 11a of eachangle lever 11 is pivotably connected to the respectivehorizontal arm gripping jaws third shaft 13. Thesecond lever arm 11b of eachangle lever 11 is pivotable connected to one of saidstraight levers 12 by afourth shaft 15. Eachstraight lever 12 is in turn pivotably connected to theequalizer 10 by afifth shaft 16. - Further, each of said
angle levers 11 is pivotably connected to theouter housing 2 at thepivot point 14 by asixth shaft 17. As a result, thefirst lever arm 11a and the linkingmember 6 assigned to the same grippingjaw gripping jaws inner housing 5 is moved in the vertical direction (lifting direction D2) against theouter housing 2. - The relative movement of the
inner housing 5 against theouter housing 2 can be blocked by alocking mechanism 18 as shown inFig. 3 to 6 , in order to prevent a relative movement of theclamping jaws locking mechanism 18 allows to block the relative movement of thehousings gripping jaws gripping jaws hoisting apparatus 1 above the load L to be grabbed or after releasing the load L, as well as in a closed position or grabbed state when a clamping force is acting on the load L. As a result, an accidental opening of thegripping jaws inner housing 5 against theouter housing 2, if such alocking mechanism 18 isn't used. - Therefore, the
locking mechanism 18 is attached to theinner housing 5, e.g., onto aninner plate 19 connected to theinner housing 5, as shown inFig. 5 . Theinner plate 19 has an opening 20 through which aspindle 21 having a threadedregion 21a protrudes, as can be seen inFig. 3 or 4 . Thespindle 21 is connected or fixed by fixing means 23 to anattachment plate 22 at the underside of theouter housing 2, wherein, in the shown embodiment, thespindle 21 is connected with or attached to an additional non-threaded rod 24 (in one-piece design or two-piece design), which is fixed to theattachment plate 22 by the fixing means 23. Thus, thespindle 21 and thenon-threaded rod 24 are passing all the way through theinner housing 5 in vertical direction. In a further embodiment, thespindle 21 might be directly fixed to theouter housing 2 or theattachment plate 22 without an additionalnon-threaded rod 24. - The
locking mechanism 18 further comprises anut 25 having aninner thread 25a such that thenut 25 can be screwed onto the threadedregion 21a of thespindle 21 allowing a vertical movement of thenut 25 along thespindle 21. Thenut 25 has anouter guide groove 25b in which at least onebearing 26, e.g., anannular bearing 26 or circular arrangedbearings 26, is received. The at least onebearing 26 is fixedly connected to theinner housing 5, e.g., by anannular bracket 27. Consequently, by moving theinner housing 5 relative to theouter housing 2 up (to close the grab) or down (to open the grab), the at least onebearing 26 received inside theouter guide groove 25b pushes thenut 25 up or down. This automatically causes a rotation of thenut 25 in order to allow thenut 25 to move up or down the threadedregion 21a of thespindle 21. The thread pitch of the threadedregion 21a and theinner thread 25a is selected accordingly to allow this rotation of thenut 25 when a relative movement between thehousings - Further, the
nut 25 is coaxially connected with abrake disc 28, such that thebrake disc 28 is also rotating around the same rotational axis as thenut 25 upon relative movement of theinner housing 5 against theouter housing 2. Thebrake disc 28 is at least in part placed inside agap 29 of a brake unit 30 (brake caliper) havingbrake pads brake unit 30 is fixed to theinner housing 5, e.g., also to theinner plate 19. - In dependence of the switching position of the actuating means 30c the
brake unit 30 is activated or released, wherein in the activated state of thebrake unit 30 thebrake pads brake disc 28 placed inside thegap 29, whereby a braking force is generated as the friction material layers on each of thebrake pads brake disc 28. Consequently, the rotation of thebrake disc 28 as well as thenut 25 on thespindle 21 is prevented in the activated state of thebrake unit 30. This also blocks a relative movement of thehousings gripping jaws lever mechanisms brake unit 30 is brought into the releasing state by switching the actuating means 30c accordingly, thebrake pads brake disc 28. Consequently, a rotation of thebrake disc 28 is permitted again and the locking of thegripping jaws - This enables the
gripping jaws jaws brake unit 30 into the activated state while thegripping jaws brake unit 30 is brought into the released state (brake pads gripping jaws inner housing 5 up relative to theouter housing 2, as described above. Once the load L is grabbed and lifted the actuating means 30a are actuated such that thebrake unit 30 is brought into the activated state (brake pads gripping jaws jaws hoisting apparatus 1. -
- 1
- hoisting apparatus
- 2
- outer housing
- 3, 4
- gripping yaws
- 3a, 4a
- horizontal arms of the
gripping yaws - 5
- inner housing
- 6
- linking members
- 7
- first shaft
- 8
- second shaft
- 9a, 9b
- lever mechanism
- 10
- equalizer
- 11
- angle lever
- 11a
- first lever arm
- 11b
- second lever arm
- 12
- straight lever
- 13
- third shaft
- 14
- pivot point
- 15
- fourth shaft
- 16
- fifth shaft
- 17
- sixth shaft
- 18
- locking mechanism
- 19
- inner plate
- 20
- opening
- 21
- spindle
- 21a
- threaded region
- 22
- attachment plate
- 23
- fixing means
- 24
- non-threaded rod
- 25
- nut
- 25a
- inner thread
- 25b
- outer guide groove
- 26
- bearing
- 27
- bracket
- 28
- brake disc
- 29
- gap
- 30
- brake unit (brake caliper)
- 30a, 30b
- brake pads
- 30c
- actuating means
- D1
- gripping direction
- D2
- lifting direction
- G
- guide rail
- Pa, Pb
- parallelogram linkage
- L
- load
- R
- roller
Claims (8)
- Hoisting apparatus (1) for gripping and lifting a load (L), e.g., an anode, comprising,- an outer housing (2) containing movable gripping jaws (3, 4) at each side, each connected to the outer housing (2) by a parallelogram linkage (Pa, Pb) to allow said clamping jaws (3, 4) to move into a gripping direction (D1),- an inner housing (5) operatively connected to each gripping jaw (3, 4) by a lever mechanism (9a, 9b) in such a way, that a movement of the inner housing (5) against the outer housing (2) along a lifting direction (D2) causes the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move relative to each other along the gripping direction (D1), and- a locking mechanism (18) configured to allow or to prevent a relative movement of the inner housing (5) against the outer housing (2) in order to allow or to prevent the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move against each other along the gripping direction (D1),characterized in that,the locking mechanism (18) comprises a nut (25) rotatably connected to the inner housing (5) and screwed onto a spindle (21), wherein the spindle (21) is fixedly connected to the outer housing (2) such that the nut (25) rotates on the spindle (21) when the inner housing (5) is moved against the outer housing (2) along the lifting direction (D2),wherein the nut (25) is further fixedly connected to a brake disc (28) and the brake disc (28) is interacting with a brake unit (30) attached to the inner housing (5) in such a way, that in an activated state of the brake unit (30) a rotation of the brake disc (28) and the nut (25) is prevented in order to also prevent the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move against each other along the gripping direction (D1).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein in a released state of the brake unit (30) a rotation of the brake disc (28) and the nut (25) is allowed in order to also allow the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move against each other along the gripping direction (D1).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nut (25) of the locking mechanism (18) comprises an outer guiding groove (25a) and at least one bearing (26) is fixedly connected to the inner housing (5), wherein the at least one bearing (26) is movably received in the outer guiding groove (25a) to rotatably connect the nut (25) to the inner housing (5).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the brake unit (30) comprises at least one brake pad (30a, 30b), preferably two brake pads (30a, 30b), wherein the brake disc (28) is at least partially positioned inside a gap (29) of the brake unit (30) in such a way that the at least one brake pad (30a, 30b) can be pressed flat against the brake disc (28) in the activated state of the brake unit (30) in order to prevent a rotation of the brake disc (28).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is assigned to each clamping jaw (3, 4) and each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is coupled to the inner housing (5), e.g., via an equalizer (10).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 5, wherein each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) comprises an angle lever (11) having two lever arms (11a, 11b) merging into each other at a pivot point (14), whereas said angle lever (11) is pivotably connected to the outer housing (2) at said pivot point (14) and the first lever arm (11a) of said angle lever (11) is pivotably connected to the assigned clamping jaw (3, 4) and the second lever arm (11b) of said angle lever (11) is pivotably connected to a straight lever (12) of the same lever mechanism (9a, 9b), wherein the straight lever (12) is in turn pivotably connected to the inner housing (5), e.g., via the equalizer (10).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 6, wherein an additional linking member (6) is assigned to each clamping jaw (3, 4), wherein each linking member (6) is pivotably connected to the outer housing (2) and the assigned clamping jaw (3, 4), and wherein the first lever arm (11a) of said angle lever (11) and the linking member (6) assigned to the same clamping jaw (3, 4) is forming the respective parallelogram linkage (Pa, Pb) allowing the assigned clamping jaw (3, 4) to move into the gripping direction (D1).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is constructed identical.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21211058.9A EP4187186B1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hoisting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21211058.9A EP4187186B1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hoisting apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4187186A1 EP4187186A1 (en) | 2023-05-31 |
EP4187186B1 true EP4187186B1 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
Family
ID=78819368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21211058.9A Active EP4187186B1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hoisting apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4187186B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL7000804A (en) | 1970-01-20 | 1971-07-22 | ||
US4133570A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1979-01-09 | B. V. Nederlandse Kraanbouw Maatschappij Nkm | Hoisting apparatus having improved clamping means |
US4326937A (en) | 1980-09-16 | 1982-04-27 | Par Systems Corp. | Grab mechanism |
FR2851762B1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-02-10 | Ecl | HANDLING CLAMP OF AN ELECTROLYSIS CELL SERVICE MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMUNIUM |
-
2021
- 2021-11-29 EP EP21211058.9A patent/EP4187186B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4187186A1 (en) | 2023-05-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
FI120303B (en) | Method and apparatus for triggering a captive device in an elevator | |
JP2008528406A (en) | Trolley and spreader assembly | |
FI112536B (en) | Method and apparatus for feeding metal sheet bundles into a melting furnace | |
JP5112342B2 (en) | Elevator safety device | |
US4360110A (en) | Positive grip lifting mechanism | |
US4360112A (en) | Two-way extendable crane trolley | |
EP1973833B1 (en) | Elevator and elevator brake | |
US4360304A (en) | Extendable crane trolley and method | |
AU2002226428A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for feeding a stack of metallic sheets into a melting furnace | |
EP4187186B1 (en) | Hoisting apparatus | |
JP2018145663A (en) | Pallet fall prevention device for mechanical parking device | |
EP4108620A1 (en) | Hoisting apparatus | |
WO2007122282A1 (en) | Elevator | |
US1270995A (en) | Hoisting and conveying apparatus. | |
EP3674244B1 (en) | An elevator car parking brake | |
US7963579B2 (en) | Self-leveling bottom block assembly | |
US3250402A (en) | Safety brake | |
US4727996A (en) | Variable grip lifting mechanism | |
RU2741451C1 (en) | Crane lifting device | |
US11795037B2 (en) | Overhead travelling crane assembly | |
US4390168A (en) | Crane and hoist for steel manufacturing mill | |
CN114590542A (en) | Rail conveyor element | |
US3367513A (en) | Soaking pit crane | |
SU802163A1 (en) | Device for engaging containers | |
US1136939A (en) | Hoisting and conveying machine. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20230511 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B66C 1/44 20060101ALI20230628BHEP Ipc: B66C 1/42 20060101ALI20230628BHEP Ipc: F27D 3/00 20060101AFI20230628BHEP |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230731 |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: REEL GMBH |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230814 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602021007281 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20231116 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240301 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240329 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240329 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240301 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240229 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1636522 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240229 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231129 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240112 Year of fee payment: 3 |