EP4177677A1 - Uhrachse - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP4177677A1
EP4177677A1 EP22216886.6A EP22216886A EP4177677A1 EP 4177677 A1 EP4177677 A1 EP 4177677A1 EP 22216886 A EP22216886 A EP 22216886A EP 4177677 A1 EP4177677 A1 EP 4177677A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
pivot
even less
axis
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22216886.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vannina Linck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolex SA
Original Assignee
Rolex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=56120978&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP4177677(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Rolex SA filed Critical Rolex SA
Priority to EP22216886.6A priority Critical patent/EP4177677A1/de
Publication of EP4177677A1 publication Critical patent/EP4177677A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G04B13/026—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/16—Barrels; Arbors; Barrel axles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G04B17/34—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring onto the balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/06—Manufacture or mounting processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watch axis, in particular a balance wheel axis.
  • the invention relates to an assembly or an oscillator comprising a balance shaft.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece movement or a timepiece comprising such an axis.
  • the balance staff is an essential component of the watchmaking regulating organ.
  • the balance shaft comprises at each end a shank extending by a pivot.
  • the balance shaft notably carries the spiral spring and oscillates on its pivots in bearings.
  • the rods and pivots of the axle constituting zones of lesser mechanical resistance are provided to take up the forces involved. against their respective bearing due to their small dimensions, in particular their small diameter.
  • the watch axes are traditionally turned in 20AP steel, then hardened.
  • the pivots are then rolled to obtain the required surface condition and surface hardness.
  • the hardness typically reaches at least 700HV.
  • This operation which consists of steps of polishing and surface hardening of the surface of the pivot, is complex and delicate, and requires a great deal of know-how which is strongly linked to the mastery of the process by the person skilled in the art who performs it. 'applied.
  • 20AP steel contains lead (0.2% by mass) and will soon have to be replaced by another lead-free steel such as FinemacTM (or 20C1A).
  • FinemacTM or 20C1A
  • the manufacture of these pins is identical: they are turned from bar before hardening, then heat-treated and hardened to increase their hardness. Stress relieving ensures the release of internal stresses and prevents these axes from breaking like glass during impact.
  • the main defect of this steel is that it lacks hardness at the level of the pivots and therefore also requires a rolling operation to reach the final properties required.
  • These axes in 20AP steel or Finemac are also ferromagnetic and can induce disturbances in rate if the movements with which they are equipped are subjected to magnetic fields, by residual magnetization.
  • the patent application EP2757423 discloses a solution for hardening an austenitic steel or an austenitic cobalt alloy or an austenitic nickel alloy by means of a thermochemical treatment, aimed at integrating into the interstitial sites of the crystal lattice of the alloy of the atoms carbon or nitrogen intended to reinforce the material before rolling the pivot, while limiting the risk of corrosion of the axle.
  • the hardnesses thus reached are close to 1000 HV, which theoretically positions this type of part at a better level than 20AP steel parts.
  • An alternative described in the patent application EP2757424 and making it possible to overcome rolling is to constitute all or part of the axle, but in any case the pivot or pivots, in metal material hardened by hard ceramic particles (metal matrix composite or MMC). It is a material partially composed of particles with a hardness greater than or equal to 1000 HV, with a size between 0.1 and 5 microns.
  • the exemplified materials have 92% tungsten carbide (WC) particles embedded in a nickel matrix, which are mixed before being injected into a mold in the shape of the axle. After injection, the blank thus obtained is sintered and the axis is polished, in particular at the level pivots, using a diamond paste.
  • a metal matrix composite axle with 92% WC and 8% nickel has a toughness of 8 MPa.m 1/2 and a hardness greater than 1300 HV.
  • the use of composites comprising particles which risk detaching from them entails a risk .
  • the object of the invention is to provide a watch spindle making it possible to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above and to improve the watch spindles known from the prior art.
  • the invention proposes a hard and tenacious watch pin whose manufacturing process is simplified.
  • an axis according to the invention is defined by claim 1.
  • An oscillator according to the first aspect of the invention is defined by claim 12.
  • a horological movement according to the first aspect of the invention is defined by claim 13.
  • a timepiece according to the first aspect of the invention is defined by claim 14.
  • the timepiece is for example a watch, in particular a wristwatch.
  • the timepiece comprises a timepiece movement 110, in particular a mechanical movement.
  • the watch movement comprises an oscillator 100, in particular a balance oscillator 8 - hairspring.
  • the pendulum is for example driven on an axis 1 of the pendulum.
  • the first functional portion is made of ceramic and the first functional portion has a first outer diameter D1 of less than 0.5 mm, or even less than 0.4 mm, or even less than 0.2 mm, or even less than 0.1 mm.
  • axis 1 comprises a first pivot 21a, a first shank 22a, a portion 33 for receiving a plate 9, a plate 34 for receiving the balance 8, a portion 32 for receiving the balance 8, a portion 31 for receiving a spiral ferrule (not shown), a second pivot 21b and a second rod 22b.
  • the shank part has a dimension greater than 0.1 mm, or even greater than 0.2 mm, or even greater than 0.25 mm in at least one direction, or even in all directions.
  • the pivot part has a dimension greater than 0.04 mm, or even greater than 0.05 mm, or even greater than 0.1 mm in at least one direction, or even in all directions.
  • the first rod part comprises a longitudinal section of the rod (or at least the outer surface of a section of the rod) over a length of at least 0.2 mm.
  • the first pivot part comprises a longitudinal section of the pivot (or at least the outer surface of a section of the pivot) over a length of at least 0.1 mm.
  • the first two functional portions are made of ceramic and each of the first two functional portions has a first outer diameter D1 of less than 0.5 mm, or even less than 0.4 mm, or even less than 0.2 mm, or even less than 0.1 mm.
  • the first and second pivots 21a, 21b ensure a pivoting function and a force recovery function in the event of an impact or, more generally, in the event of acceleration undergone by the timepiece equipped with the axis.
  • the first and second rods 22a and 22b perform a force recovery function in the event of impact or, more generally, in the event of acceleration undergone by the timepiece equipped with the spindle.
  • the portions 31, 32 and 33 each provide a reception function.
  • the second functional portion has a second outside diameter D2 of less than 2 mm, or even less than 1 mm, or even less than 0.5 mm.
  • the second functional portion is made of ceramic.
  • the ratio of the dimension of the second diameter to the dimension of the first diameter is less than 0.9, or even less than 0.8, or even less than 0.6, or even less than 0.5, or even less than 0.4.
  • first functional portion and/or the second functional portion is made of ceramic means that this functional portion is entirely made of ceramic.
  • the realization of the functional portion in a material composed of ceramic grains bonded together by a non-ceramic matrix, such as a metal matrix is excluded.
  • ceramic is meant a homogeneous or substantially homogeneous material, including at the microscopic level.
  • the ceramic is homogeneous in at least one direction, or even in all directions, over a distance greater than 6 ⁇ m, or even greater than 10 ⁇ m, or even greater than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the ceramic does not have any non-ceramic material in at least one direction, or even in all directions, over a distance greater than 6 ⁇ m, or even greater than 10 ⁇ m, or even greater than 20 ⁇ m.
  • zirconium oxide and/or alumina may be the preponderant elements in the ceramic. Nevertheless, the proportion by weight or by mole of zirconium oxide and/or alumina can be less than 50%.
  • the ceramic may be predominantly or mainly (in mass or in mole) composed of silicon nitride.
  • silicon nitride may be the preponderant element in ceramics. Nevertheless, the proportion by mass or by mole of silicon nitride can be less than 50%.
  • the ceramic can be one of the ceramics in the table below: main component Secondary component(s) and proportions Commercial references / resulting composition Hardness [HV1] Breaking stress [MPa] Tenacity [MPa.m 1 ⁇ 2] ZrOz Y 2 O 3 3% mol TOSOH TZ3Y 1200-1400 900 - 1500 5 to 10 ZrOz MgO 3.5wt% Metoxit PSZ 1500 1500 10 ZrOz Al 2 O 3 20wt% TOSOH TZ3Y20A 1400-1600 1600-2000 5 to 8 Y 2 O 3 3% mol ZrOz Al 2 O 3 21.5wt% Panasonic Nano Zr 1100-1300 900-1300 8 to 18 CeOz 10.6wt% If 3 N 4 KYOCERA SN-235P 1200-1600 600-850 5 to 8.8 B4C TiB 2 5 to 6.9 TiB 2 CNT TiB 2 - TiC - CNT 3 to 5.2
  • the injection or the pressing of a preform of which only the ends would be ground makes it possible to optimize the process, in particular by saving the manufacturing cycle time.
  • CIP cold isostatic pressing
  • the pivots are not marked during shocks and performance is maintained over time.
  • these pivots will not deform, unlike steel pivots which can bend and thereby affect the chronometry of the timepiece.
  • the ceramics as presented above make it possible to maintain the geometric integrity of the pivots over time.
  • Ceramics also offer the additional advantage of being non-magnetic, and of not influencing the rate of the timepiece when it is subjected to a magnetic field, in particular a magnetic field greater than 32 kA/m (400G) .
  • the entire shaft is made of ceramic.
  • the ceramic part it is conceivable to limit the ceramic part to the first functional portion which includes at least one pivot and/or at least one rod.
  • the first portion has a surface of revolution, in particular a cylindrical surface or a conical surface or a frustoconical surface or a surface with a curved generatrix.
  • the shank and the pivot can be confused or at least not be delimited by a clear border like a staff.
  • the shank and the pivot can be separated by a frustoconical surface or a surface with a curved generatrix.
  • Two variants of a first embodiment of an assembly 41 comprising a shaft 1 as described above and at least one guide 51, in particular a bearing 51, the shaft being intended to rotate or pivot in the at least one bearing, are represented respectively on the figure 2 And 3 .
  • the guide may take the form of a conventional damping bearing.
  • the at least one bearing 51 comprises a pivot stone 511 provided to cooperate with a cylindrical or frustoconical section of a pivot 21' and a counter support stone 512 provided to cooperate with one end 212' from pivot. The stones therefore cooperate with the pivot 21' to pivot and receive, or axially delimit, the axis in the guide.
  • the axle 1 comprises a pivot 21' having a domed or convex end 212'.
  • the axle 1 comprises a pivot 21" having a hollowed or concave end 212".
  • pins in ceramic a material that is both hard and tough, makes it possible to obtain geometries that can optimize and sustain contact at the level of the pivot and the bearing in which it pivots, in particular at the level of the pivot ends. . This would be difficult to envisage with conventional alloys such as rolled 20AP steel where the risk of loss of performance when worn would be greater, in particular due to excessive contact pressures.
  • a second embodiment of an assembly 42 comprising an axle 1 as described previously and at least one guide, in particular a bearing 52, the axle being intended to rotate or pivot in the at least one guide, is represented on there figure 4 .
  • the at least one guide 52 comprises a raceway 521 and balls 522, the balls cooperating by contact on a pivot 21* provided with one end conical 212* to guide the axis in the guide.
  • the end of the pivot 21* could alternatively have a tapered surface. The balls thus roll both on the raceway and on the pivot.
  • FIG 6 And 7 illustrate the advantages of a ball bearing designed to cooperate with a balance-spring type oscillator.
  • the figure 6 And 7 obtained respectively by measuring in different clock positions an oscillator cooperating with a conventional damping bearing and by measuring in different clock positions an oscillator cooperating with a ball bearing, that the operation of the oscillator oscillator cooperating with a ball bearing exhibits deviations of quality factor between the different horological positions lower than those induced by the operation of the oscillator cooperating with a conventional damping bearing.
  • the use of ceramics for the manufacture of the balls and the pivot makes it possible to optimize the use of a ball bearing and to significantly reduce the differences in quality factor between the different horological positions occupied by the part. of watchmaking.
  • a second embodiment of a clock axis 1' according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 5 .
  • This pin 1' is intended to be attached to a pivot pin 6, in particular a pivot pin made of a separate material, in particular a free-cutting steel.
  • the first functional portion may comprise a pivot 2a
  • the second functional portion may for example take the form of a portion 35 intended to be fixed, in particular by driving in or welding, within a bore 36 formed on the body of the pivot axis 6.
  • the invention has been described previously applied to a balance shaft. However, this invention can obviously be applied to any other watchmaking axis, for example a pivoting axis of a watchmaking wheel set such as a wheel set taking part in the finishing line of a watch movement, in particular a center wheel set, or a large average moving wheel, or a small average moving wheel, or a second moving wheel.
  • a pivoting axis of a watchmaking wheel set such as a wheel set taking part in the finishing line of a watch movement, in particular a center wheel set, or a large average moving wheel, or a small average moving wheel, or a second moving wheel.
  • a horological axis according to the invention can also be implemented within the framework of an optimization of a horological escapement and thus allow the pivoting of an escapement wheel or of a blocker or of an anchor taking part in the exhaust.
  • this invention can be applied to any horological mobile taking part in an additional horological function, such as a calendar or a chronograph.
  • the first functional portion can perform a translation function.
  • the horological spindle is here in the form of a pin 1" comprising a first functional portion 2a which is in the form of a shank 22a.
  • the latter cooperates with a groove 53 formed within a horological component, for example a chronograph hammer 91, so as to guide said component in translation, in particular to guide translation of said component in the longitudinal direction of said groove.
  • the pin 1" has a second functional portion which is in the form of a shank 45 intended to be driven into a bore 46 of a timepiece blank 81.
  • the first and second functional portions are delimited by a range 450, in particular a plate 450.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP22216886.6A 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrachse Pending EP4177677A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22216886.6A EP4177677A1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrachse

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16174244.0A EP3258325B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrenwelle
EP19183765.7A EP3584640B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Oszillator für uhr
EP22216886.6A EP4177677A1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrachse

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19183765.7A Division EP3584640B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Oszillator für uhr
EP16174244.0A Division EP3258325B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrenwelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4177677A1 true EP4177677A1 (de) 2023-05-10

Family

ID=56120978

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19183765.7A Active EP3584640B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Oszillator für uhr
EP16174244.0A Active EP3258325B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrenwelle
EP22216886.6A Pending EP4177677A1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrachse

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19183765.7A Active EP3584640B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Oszillator für uhr
EP16174244.0A Active EP3258325B1 (de) 2016-06-13 2016-06-13 Uhrenwelle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20170357213A1 (de)
EP (3) EP3584640B1 (de)
JP (2) JP7214335B2 (de)
CN (2) CN113110010A (de)
CH (1) CH712552B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3273304B1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2021-11-10 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3594757B1 (de) * 2018-07-10 2021-05-26 Blancpain SA Uhrwerkskomponente mit nicht magnetischem wellenteil aus keramik
JP7143675B2 (ja) * 2018-08-14 2022-09-29 セイコーエプソン株式会社 時計用部品、ムーブメントおよび時計
EP3627238A1 (de) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-25 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Elastisches halterungsorgan für die befestigung einer uhrenkomponente auf einem halteelement
EP3671368B1 (de) 2018-12-20 2022-11-23 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Lager, insbesondere zur stossdämpfung, und drehteil eines uhrwerks
EP3722887A1 (de) 2019-04-12 2020-10-14 Rolex Sa Herstellungsverfahren einer rotationsfläche einer uhrwerkskomponente
EP3742236A1 (de) * 2019-05-23 2020-11-25 Rolex Sa Uhrvorrichtung, die eine erste komponente umfasst, die auf einer zweiten komponente durch plastische verformung fixiert ist
CN118103778A (zh) 2021-09-09 2024-05-28 劳力士有限公司 用于钟表机芯的惯性元件
EP4242752A1 (de) 2022-03-11 2023-09-13 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Vorrichtung zum führen einer welle einer unruh mit spiralfeder
EP4242753A1 (de) 2022-03-11 2023-09-13 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Vorrichtung zum führen einer welle einer unruh mit spiralfeder
WO2024074517A1 (fr) 2022-10-03 2024-04-11 Rolex Sa Axe horloger
EP4386485A1 (de) 2022-12-16 2024-06-19 Rolex Sa Verfahren zur herstellung einer uhrenkomponente

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US11982977B2 (en) 2024-05-14
CH712552A2 (fr) 2017-12-15
CH712552B1 (fr) 2021-12-15
JP2018028529A (ja) 2018-02-22
EP3584640A1 (de) 2019-12-25
CN107490950B (zh) 2021-05-07
EP3584640B1 (de) 2023-01-11
US20170357213A1 (en) 2017-12-14
EP3258325B1 (de) 2019-10-30
CN113110010A (zh) 2021-07-13
CN107490950A (zh) 2017-12-19
JP7214335B2 (ja) 2023-01-30
US20220373977A1 (en) 2022-11-24
EP3258325A1 (de) 2017-12-20
JP2023011848A (ja) 2023-01-24

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