EP4165363A1 - Device for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such a device, and a blasting chamber - Google Patents
Device for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such a device, and a blasting chamberInfo
- Publication number
- EP4165363A1 EP4165363A1 EP21736641.8A EP21736641A EP4165363A1 EP 4165363 A1 EP4165363 A1 EP 4165363A1 EP 21736641 A EP21736641 A EP 21736641A EP 4165363 A1 EP4165363 A1 EP 4165363A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- explosion
- enclosure
- equipment
- diffusion chamber
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Definitions
- TITLE Equipment for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such equipment and an explosion chamber
- the present invention relates firstly to equipment for an avalanche triggering system, in particular snow avalanches.
- the invention also relates to an avalanche triggering system as such, in particular snow avalanches, comprising such equipment.
- avalanche triggering devices depends on the quantity and type of gases used for the explosive gas mixture, but also on the size and volume of the enclosure used to carry out the explosion. It therefore appears that it is preferable to use a large volume enclosure with a large quantity of gas to maximize the explosion, because it is within the enclosure that the effects of the explosion will develop from from the ignition of this quantity of gas.
- the search for better performance can quickly find compatibility limits, in particular with the mass capacities capable of being helicoptered for the removability criterion mentioned above.
- the mass capacities capable of being helicoptered for the removability criterion mentioned above.
- This optimum is also limiting and does not make it possible to increase the power indefinitely because this requires increasing the mass.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a solution which answers all or part of the aforementioned problems:
- This object can be achieved by using equipment for an avalanche triggering system, said equipment being able to cooperate with an explosion chamber of the avalanche triggering system.
- the equipment comprises: a support frame carrying at least one gas storage system and capable of being removably mounted on the explosion enclosure so as to cover all or part of the explosion enclosure; a diffusion chamber integral with the support frame by a fixed proximal end of the diffusion chamber, all or part of an internal mixing cavity being delimited by at least part of the diffusion chamber, a gas mixer in fluid communication with said at least one gas storage system being housed in the internal mixing cavity, said gas mixer being configured to produce a gas mixture from gases from said at least one gas storage system, the diffusion chamber comprising further at least one diffusion opening configured to allow passage of the gas mixture from the internal cavity of mixing towards the outside of the diffusion chamber, in particular to supply the explosion enclosure; and at least one ignition system configured to trigger an explosion of the gas mixture.
- the diffusion chamber comprises a body extending from the fixed proximal end to a free distal end, said body being able to be contained in a volume of the explosion enclosure when the equipment rests on the enclosure. explosion by gravity, in an operational position configuration.
- the arrangements described above make it possible to provide equipment capable of both storing and mixing the gases necessary for the explosion, of injecting the gas mixture into the explosion enclosure, and the ignition of the gas mixture beforehand. injected into the explosion enclosure.
- the diffusion chamber advantageously makes it possible to interface in a simple manner with the explosion enclosure without requiring any particular maneuver. In other words, the equipment is able to occupy the operational position configuration by simply pressing on the explosion enclosure.
- the position of the equipment on the explosion enclosure makes it possible to ensure the closure of the explosion enclosure at the level of the place where the equipment rests.
- the equipment may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
- the body is able to be at least partially inserted into a receiving opening delimited by the explosion enclosure to place the equipment in the operational position configuration where the proximal and distal ends of the chamber. diffusion are positioned on either side of the reception opening.
- the at least one ignition system is arranged on a surface of the diffusion chamber, and in particular on an external surface of the diffusion chamber.
- the support frame comprises at least two lateral support elements arranged so as to extend on either side of the explosion enclosure when the equipment occupies the operational position configuration.
- the lateral support elements can comprise stiffened walls, profiles, branches or joists.
- the support elements can be configured so that the equipment has a center of gravity disposed lower than the opening. reception provided in the explosion enclosure.
- the equipment can act as a counterweight, helping to oppose the upward movements due to the ejection of the shock wave out of the explosion enclosure.
- the support frame has a central part to which the diffusion chamber is fixed, the support elements extending from the central part on either side thereof, in particular allowing the elements Support brackets extend along the sides of the explosion enclosure when the equipment occupies the operational position configuration.
- the support frame comprises positioning means, for example rollers arranged at each of the support elements, so as to allow a possibility of modifying the orientation of the equipment with respect to the explosion enclosure when the equipment occupies the operational position configuration, and to facilitate the return of said equipment to the operational position configuration after an explosion.
- the diffusion chamber comprises a fitting flange intended to cooperate with the periphery of the receiving opening made in the explosion enclosure.
- the interlocking flange has the shape of a crown or of a cylinder.
- the fitting flange comprises a damping seal, said damping seal being disposed on a surface of the fitting flange intended to cooperate with the periphery of the receiving opening.
- the damping seal makes it possible to guarantee a gas tightness between the exterior of the explosion enclosure and the interior of the explosion enclosure at the level of the reception opening when the equipment occupies the operational position configuration.
- the body of the diffusion chamber has a section which decreases going from the fixed proximal end towards the free distal end.
- the form of the diffusion chamber is included in a truncated cone.
- the free distal end has a pointed shape.
- the diffusion chamber has a height, counted between the fixed proximal end and the free distal end of the diffusion chamber, greater than a diameter of the reception opening of the explosion enclosure with which the equipment cooperates.
- the reception opening is circular.
- the height of the diffusion chamber may be greater than the diameter of said circular opening.
- said at least one diffusion opening is made in the body of the diffusion chamber on a zone close to the free distal end.
- close to the free end is meant an area included at a distance less than half the height of the diffusion chamber.
- said at least one gas storage system comprises a fuel bottle and an oxidizer bottle, the gas mixer being connected to said fuel bottle by a fuel line and to the oxidizer bottle by a oxidizer line.
- the fuel line and the oxidizer line are each equipped, between the gas storage system and the gas mixer, with a non-return valve, a pressure reducer and at least one configured valve. to allow the passage of a gas from the relevant gas storage system to the gas mixer, and alternatively to prevent the passage of a gas, or flame from the gas mixer to the gas storage system .
- the equipment comprises a control unit comprising a communication element configured to exchange instructions with an external control unit, the control unit being configured to control the at least one ignition system.
- control unit comprises at least one physical sensor configured to measure at least one physical parameter, for example a thermometer, an accelerometer, a seismometer, or an anemometer.
- control member comprises an electricity production member configured to supply the equipment with electrical energy.
- control member comprises an electrical energy storage element configured to store electrical energy, and to supply electrical energy to the equipment.
- the electricity production member can comprise an element chosen from the group consisting of a wind turbine, solar panels, a fuel cell.
- the support frame comprises a gripping element configured to allow the equipment to be moved in a single piece by traction, and in particular by lifting and / or towing.
- the gripping element comprises a ring or a hook intended to be lifted by a transport vehicle, for example a helicopter.
- the object of the invention can also be achieved by implementing an avalanche triggering system comprising equipment of the type of one of those described above, and an explosion chamber having an open end oriented towards a snowpack.
- the avalanche triggering system may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
- the body of the diffusion chamber is at least partially inserted into the receiving opening delimited by the explosion enclosure so that the equipment is in the configuration of the operational position where the proximal ends and distal to the body of the diffusion chamber are positioned on either side of the receiving opening, the equipment resting on the explosion chamber by simple gravity.
- the equipment can simply be raised relative to the explosion enclosure, in particular under the effect of the explosion of the explosive gas mixture.
- the equipment is able to be moved by rotation or translation relative to the explosion enclosure when the avalanche triggering system occupies the operational position configuration.
- the support frame and the explosion enclosure define an explosion cavity in which the diffusion chamber is fully included.
- the explosion enclosure has a tubular shape comprising at least a first curved enclosure part having an upper surface facing the snowpack and a second curved enclosure part having an intrados facing the snowpack. .
- the explosion enclosure comprises an enclosure support, in particular at the level of the first enclosure part of the explosion enclosure, said enclosure support being intended to rest on the ground or on the ground. be fixed on a foundation element.
- the equipment is configured to be mounted on the explosion enclosure at the level of the first enclosure part of the explosion enclosure in the operational position configuration.
- the first enclosure part has a curved shape with a concavity facing the snowpack
- the second enclosure part has a curved shape with an inverted concavity with respect to the first enclosure part
- the explosion enclosure comprises a closed end opposite the open end, the explosion enclosure comprising a fixing member at said closed end, said fixing member being configured to collaborate with an external restraint system.
- the external retention system may include a guide channel having a shape into which the securing member can be slidably inserted so as to maintain the explosion enclosure in a securing configuration.
- Said fixing configuration makes it possible to maintain the equipment in a position blocking the degrees of freedom requested during the explosion of the gas mixture.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of equipment according to one embodiment of the invention, when it rests on an explosion chamber in the operational position configuration.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the avalanche triggering system according to one embodiment of the invention. detailed description
- the invention relates to a device 1 for an avalanche triggering system denoted "S", said device 1 being able to cooperate with an explosion chamber 3 of the avalanche triggering system S.
- the equipment 1 comprises in particular a support frame 5 capable of being removably mounted on the explosion enclosure 3 so as to cover all or part of the explosion enclosure 3.
- the support frame 5 may comprise a central frame part 54, and two lateral support elements 52 extending from the central frame part 54 on either side thereof, allowing in particular that the lateral support elements 52 extend the along the sides of the explosion enclosure 3.
- the equipment 1 can then occupy an operational position configuration with the explosion enclosure 3.
- the two lateral support members 52 are arranged in such a manner. to extend on either side of the explosion enclosure 3 when the equipment 1 occupies the operational position configuration.
- the support frame 5 can also include positioning means, such as rollers arranged at each of the lateral support elements 52, so as to allow a possibility of modifying the orientation of the. equipment 1 with respect to the explosion enclosure 3 when the equipment 1 occupies the operational position configuration.
- positioning means such as rollers arranged at each of the lateral support elements 52, so as to allow a possibility of modifying the orientation of the. equipment 1 with respect to the explosion enclosure 3 when the equipment 1 occupies the operational position configuration.
- the support frame also carries at least one gas storage system 7 comprising, for example, a fuel bottle 72 and an oxidizer bottle 74.
- the equipment 1 can include a control unit 31 comprising a communication element 33 configured to exchange instructions with an external control unit. Said control member 31 can advantageously be carried by the support frame 5.
- the control member 31 can comprise at least one physical sensor 35 configured to measure at least one physical parameter, for example. example a thermometer, an accelerometer, a seismometer, or an anemometer.
- the control member 31 can also comprise an electricity production member 37 configured to supply the equipment 1 with electrical energy, and an electrical energy storage element 39 configured to store said electrical energy.
- the electricity production member 37 may be a wind turbine, or solar panels, or a fuel cell.
- the equipment 1 can comprise an electrical energy storage element 39 configured to store electrical energy and to supply electrical energy to the equipment 1.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment in which the equipment comprises two gas storage systems 7 arranged on each of the support elements 52, and a control member 31 comprising a communication element 33, a physical sensor 35, a control member. power generation 37 and an electric energy storage element 39. It is also possible that the power generation member 37 and the electric energy storage element 39 are each carried by a support member 52 different.
- the gas storage system 7, the control member 31, the communication element 33, the physical sensor 35, the electricity production member 37 and the electrical energy storage element 39 can be distributed over the support elements 52, so as to balance the total mass of the support frame 5.
- the support frame 5 can comprise a gripping element 41 configured to allow the equipment 1 to be moved in a single piece by traction, and in particular by lifting or towing.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a non-limiting variant for which the gripping element 41 comprises a ring or a hook intended to be lifted by a transport vehicle, for example a helicopter.
- the equipment also comprises a diffusion chamber 9 integral with the support frame 5 by a fixed proximal end 13 of the diffusion chamber 9.
- the fixed proximal end 13 of the diffusion chamber 9 can be fixed to the frame. support 5 at the level of the central part of the frame 54.
- the diffusion chamber 9 comprises a body 11 extending from the fixed proximal end 13 to a free distal end 15 having, for example, a pointed shape.
- the body 11 of the diffusion chamber 9 can in particular have a section which decreases going from the fixed proximal end 13 towards the free distal end 15.
- the shape of the diffusion chamber 9 can therefore be included in a truncated cone.
- the body 11 may be able to be at least partially inserted into a receiving opening 25 delimited by the explosion enclosure 3 to place the equipment 1 in the operational position configuration.
- the proximal 13 and distal 15 ends of the diffusion chamber 9 are positioned on either side of the reception opening 25, in particular allowing the equipment 1 to rest on the explosion enclosure 3 by gravity. All or part of an internal mixing cavity 17 is then delimited by at least part of the diffusion chamber 9.
- the diffusion chamber 9 may comprise a fitting flange 27 intended to cooperate with the periphery of the receiving opening 25 made in the explosion enclosure 3.
- the fitting flange 27 may have the shape of a crown, or cylinder.
- the interlocking flange 27 may comprise a damping gasket 29 disposed on a surface of the interlocking flange 27 intended to cooperate with the periphery of the receiving opening 25.
- the gasket d 'damping 29 makes it possible to guarantee a gas seal between the outside of the explosion enclosure 3 and the inside of the explosion enclosure 3 at the level of the reception opening 25 when the equipment 1 occupies the room. operational position configuration.
- the diffusion chamber 9 may have a height denoted "H”, counted between the fixed proximal end 13 and the free distal end 15 of the diffusion chamber 9, greater than a diameter of the receiving opening 25 of the. explosion enclosure 3 with which the equipment 1 cooperates.
- H the height of the diffusion chamber 9 can be greater than the diameter of said circular opening.
- the diffusion chamber 9 furthermore comprises a gas mixer 19 in fluid communication with said at least one gas storage system 7.
- the gas mixer 19 is housed in the internal mixing cavity 17, and configured to produce a gas mixture. from the gases from the gas storage system (s) 7.
- the gas storage system 7 may include a fuel cylinder 72 and an oxidizer cylinder 74.
- the gas mixer 19 is then connected to the cylinder 72 via a fuel line 76 and to the oxidizer cylinder 74 via an oxidizer line 78.
- the gas mixer 19 is able to produce a gas mixture from the oxidizer gas and the fuel gas according to predetermined proportions.
- the fuel line 76 and the oxidizer line 78 can each be equipped, between the gas storage system 7 and the gas mixer 19, with a non-return valve, a pressure reducing valve, and other minus one valve configured to allow the passage of a gas from the relevant gas storage system 7 to the gas mixer 19, and alternatively to prevent the passage of a gas or flame from the gas mixer 19 to the gas storage system 7 .
- the diffusion chamber 9 further comprises at least one diffusion opening 21 configured to allow the passage of the gas mixture from the internal mixing cavity 17 to the outside of the diffusion chamber 9, in particular to supply the explosion chamber.
- FIG. 1 illustrates in particular an embodiment in which the diffusion chamber 9 comprises a plurality of diffusion openings 21.
- the diffusion opening (s) 21 can be formed in the body 11 of the diffusion chamber. 9 in a zone close to the free distal end 15.
- the term “close to the free end” is understood to mean a zone included at a distance less than half of the height H of the diffusion chamber 9.
- the equipment 1 comprises at least one ignition system 23, for example arranged on an external surface of the diffusion chamber 9, and configured to trigger an explosion of the gas mixture.
- the ignition of the ignition system 23 can in particular be controlled by the control unit 31, and particularly as a function of instructions communicated by the communication element 33 and / or of measurements carried out by the physical sensor (s) 35.
- the arrangements described above make it possible to provide equipment 1 capable of both storing and mixing the gases necessary for the explosion, of injecting the gas mixture into the explosion enclosure 3, and of igniting the mixture of gas previously injected into the explosion enclosure 3. Furthermore, the diffusion chamber 9 advantageously makes it possible to interface in a simple manner with the explosion enclosure 3 without requiring any particular maneuver.
- the position of the equipment 1 on the explosion enclosure 3 makes it possible to ensure the closure of the explosion enclosure 3 at the level of the place where the equipment 1 rests, in particular at the level of the 'reception opening 25.
- the lateral support elements 52 can be configured so that the equipment 1 has a center of gravity arranged lower than the reception opening 25 made in the explosion enclosure 3.
- the equipment 1 can act as a counterweight, helping to oppose the upward movements due to the ejection of the shock wave out of the explosion enclosure 3.
- the invention also relates to the avalanche triggering system S comprising equipment 1 of the type of one of those described above and an explosion chamber 3.
- the explosion enclosure 3 may have a tubular shape comprising at least a first curved enclosure portion 47 having an upper surface facing towards a snowpack denoted “N”, and a second curved enclosure portion 49 having an intrados facing towards. the snowpack N.
- the explosion enclosure 3 comprises an open end 43 oriented towards the snowpack N, and a closed end 53 opposite the open end 43.
- a fixing member 55 can be placed at said end. closed 53, so as to collaborate with an external retaining system.
- the external retention system may include a guide channel having a shape into which the fastener 55 can be slidably inserted so as to maintain the explosion vessel 3 in a fastening configuration.
- the fixing configuration therefore makes it possible to maintain the equipment 1 in a position blocking the degrees of freedom requested during the explosion of the gas mixture.
- the explosion enclosure 3 can comprise a enclosure support 51 resting on the ground or being fixed on a foundation element, in particular at the level of the first enclosure part 47 of the explosion enclosure 3. .
- I can be configured to be mounted on the explosion enclosure 3 at the level of the first enclosure part 47 of the explosion enclosure 3 in the operational position configuration.
- the body 11 of the diffusion chamber 9 can be at least partially inserted into the reception opening 25 delimited by the explosion enclosure 3. In this way, the equipment 1 is in the operational position configuration.
- the equipment 1 resting on the explosion chamber 3 by simple gravity.
- the equipment 1 can be moved by rotation or translation relative to the explosion enclosure 3.
- the equipment 1 can simply be lifted relative to the explosion enclosure 3, in particular during the explosion. explosion of explosive gas mixture.
- the support frame 5 and the explosion enclosure 3 can delimit an explosion cavity 45 in which the diffusion chamber 9 is fully included.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2006203A FR3111420B1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Equipment for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such equipment and an explosion chamber |
PCT/FR2021/051046 WO2021255370A1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-06-11 | Device for avalanche triggering system and system comprising such a device, and a blasting chamber |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4165363A1 true EP4165363A1 (en) | 2023-04-19 |
EP4165363B1 EP4165363B1 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
Family
ID=
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US12007218B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
FR3111420A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 |
FR3111420B1 (en) | 2022-05-20 |
US20230236000A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
WO2021255370A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
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