EP4078757A1 - Electric processing tool having an energy supply device - Google Patents

Electric processing tool having an energy supply device

Info

Publication number
EP4078757A1
EP4078757A1 EP20808045.7A EP20808045A EP4078757A1 EP 4078757 A1 EP4078757 A1 EP 4078757A1 EP 20808045 A EP20808045 A EP 20808045A EP 4078757 A1 EP4078757 A1 EP 4078757A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
supply device
current
measuring
processing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20808045.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philipp Zipf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP4078757A1 publication Critical patent/EP4078757A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/108—Parallel operation of dc sources using diodes blocking reverse current flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20—The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/22—The load being a portable electronic device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical processing device with an energy supply device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • Electrical processing devices are offered in very different performance classes depending on their intended use. For example, there are battery-operated handheld power tools in the lower performance classes that operate at 10.8 V (often nominally also referred to as 12 V) or 14.4 V, while in the medium to higher performance classes there are predominantly devices in voltage classes of 18 V, 36 V, 54 V or 72V can be used.
  • the voltage values result from the interconnection (parallel or serial) of the battery cells used.
  • the battery cells are preferably designed as lithium-based battery cells, for example Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-metal or the like, with a cell voltage of 3.6 V, a battery cell usually being a cylindrical round cell, the cell poles of which are on Ends of the cylindrical shape are angeord net.
  • the following invention does not depend on the type and design of the battery cells used, but can be applied to any energy source, e.g. in addition to round cells, pouch cells or the like.
  • a mains supply with, for example, 120 V or 230 V can also be used as the energy source.
  • replaceable batteries or replaceable battery packs have established themselves as an energy source in many battery-operated processing devices. These are connected to one another in a non-positive and / or form-fitting releasable manner via corresponding interfaces on the exchangeable battery packs and the battery-operated processing devices.
  • a “releasable connection” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a connection that can be released and established without tools - that is, by hand. It is now common practice to use power tools with very high performance requirements with several interchangeable battery packs in serial or parallel operation. In serial operation, for example, the use of two 18V exchangeable battery packs leads to a supply voltage of 36 V.
  • a particular advantage of using several interchangeable battery packs in such a battery-operated processing device is the preservation of compatibility with existing battery-operated power tools of lower performance classes that are only operated with an interchangeable battery pack. There are already power tools that can be operated with both a mains and a battery power supply.
  • So-called “power ORing” can be used for parallel operation of several exchangeable battery packs as well as for mixed operation of mains and battery power supply of an electrical processing device.
  • an electrical charge equalization between the energy sources, in particular between the energy stores can be carried out by means of diodes.
  • an electrical energy supply device has at least two energy stores which are each connected to at least one diode in series to form a star point. If the charge states of the energy stores are unequal, the charge states of the energy stores can be matched by means of leakage currents from the diodes.
  • MOSFETs can alternatively be used in conjunction with a so-called “ideal diode controller" (e.g. LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051).
  • the total current from a plurality of energy sources can in principle have a higher value than the current from a single energy source.
  • the total current is limited to the lowest individual current of the energy sources. It is the object of the invention to provide an electrical processing device that, while maximizing the total current available from the energy sources connected to the electrical processing device, ensures reliable operation of the individual energy sources.
  • the invention relates to an electrical processing device with an energy supply device and with a control or regulating unit, the energy supply device having at least two energy sources, each of which is connected in series with an electronic component ORing its individual currents to a common star point that a resulting total current for supplying the electrical processing device results.
  • the energy supply device having at least two energy sources, each of which is connected in series with an electronic component ORing its individual currents to a common star point that a resulting total current for supplying the electrical processing device results.
  • at least a subset of the energy sources, in particular each energy source is assigned a current measuring unit for measuring the individual currents of the energy sources, the control or regulation unit adapting the total current to the measured individual currents.
  • the individual energy sources can thus be precisely analyzed on the basis of the recorded current measured values in order to ensure that with the maximum possible total current, the individual energy sources are not operated outside of their respectively permitted range.
  • a power supply device with a higher output current and a higher maximum output can be achieved.
  • a shunt resistor, a Hall sensor or the like can be used as the current measuring unit.
  • the control or regulating unit can be designed as a microprocessor, a DSP, an ASIC or the like and, based on the information provided by the current measuring units and knowledge of the type of energy source and its permitted individual currents, assess whether the total current needs to be reduced or not can be increased.
  • electrical processing devices are to be understood as meaning, for example, electrical tools for processing workpieces by means of an electrically driven insert tool.
  • the electrical works tool be designed both as an electric hand tool and as a stationary power tool machine.
  • Typical power tools in this context are hand or standing drills, screwdrivers, impact drills, rotary hammers, planes, angle grinders, orbital grinders, polishing machines, circular, table, chop saw and jigsaws or the like.
  • Garden equipment such as lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, pruning saws or the like can also be used as electrical processing equipment.
  • the invention can also be used on household appliances such as vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc.
  • the battery voltage of an exchangeable battery pack is usually a multiple of the voltage of an individual battery cell and results from the interconnection (parallel or serial) of the individual battery cells.
  • a rechargeable battery cell is typically designed as a galvanic cell which has a structure in which one cell pole comes to rest on one end and another cell pole on an opposite end. In particular, the battery cell has a positive cell pole at one end and a negative cell pole at an opposite end.
  • the battery cells are preferably designed as lithium-based battery cells, e.g. Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-metal or the like.
  • the invention can also be used for interchangeable batteries with Ni-Cd, Ni-MH cells or other suitable types of cells.
  • voltage classes of 3.6 V, 7.2 V, 10.8 V, 14.4 V, 18 V For common Li-ion battery cells with a cell voltage of 3.6 V, voltage classes of 3.6 V, 7.2 V, 10.8 V, 14.4 V, 18 V,
  • a battery cell is preferably designed as an at least essentially cylindrical round cell, the cell poles being arranged at the ends of the cylindrical shape.
  • the invention is not dependent on the type and design of the battery cells used, but can be applied to any interchangeable battery packs and battery cells, e.g. in addition to round cells, pouch cells or the like. It can also be applied to non-rechargeable batteries and to a mains power supply that supplements the rechargeable battery or battery supply.
  • the energy supply device has a voltage measuring device for each energy source for measuring the voltage provided by the respective energy source.
  • the energy supply device has a voltage measuring device for measuring a supply voltage at the star point.
  • a plausibility check of the measured current values can advantageously be carried out by means of the measured voltage values.
  • the Energyver supply device has a current measuring unit for measuring the total current at the star point.
  • the measured total current can also advantageously be used for plausibility checking of the measured individual current values of the energy sources.
  • the energy supply device can have a temperature measuring device for measuring a temperature of the energy supply device. Using the measured temperature, it is possible to limit the total current in order to avoid overheating of the energy supply device or individual components.
  • Protection circuits against overvoltage and / or against overcurrent offer further protection against overloading the power supply device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 a block diagram of a first embodiment of a power supply device according to the invention for an electrical processing device
  • Fig. 2 a block diagram of a second embodiment of the inventions to the invention power supply device for an electrical cal processing device and
  • Fig. 3 a block diagram of a third embodiment of the inventions to the invention power supply device for an electrical cal machining device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of an inventive energy supply device 10 of an electrical processing device not shown in detail.
  • an electrical machining device in the context of the invention is to be understood, for example, as an electric tool for machining workpieces by means of an electrically driven insert tool.
  • the power tool can be designed both as a battery-operated electric hand tool and as a stationary power tool that is supplied by exchangeable battery packs and possibly also with mains power.
  • Typical power tools in this context are hand or standing drills, screwdrivers, impact drills, rotary hammers, planes, angle grinders, orbital grinders, polishing machines, circular, table, miter saws and jigsaws or the like.
  • Garden equipment such as lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, pruning saws or the like can also be used as electrical processing equipment.
  • the invention can also be used for household appliances such as vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc.
  • the energy supply device 10 is designed as an energy ORing system (Power ORing) with a first energy source 12 and a second energy source 14 trained.
  • the two energy sources 12 and 14 can be designed as replaceable battery packs or replaceable batteries 16 of the electrical processing device. It is also conceivable that the first energy source 12 is an exchangeable battery pack 16 and the second energy source 14 is the power supply unit of a mains power supply.
  • very different exchangeable battery packs or exchangeable batteries 16 and energy sources 12, 14 can be used. Since the person skilled in the art is familiar with the design of such exchangeable battery packs or exchangeable batteries 16 and energy sources 12, 14, this will not be discussed further below.
  • the number of energy sources can also vary. The invention is therefore not limited to two energy sources 12, 14.
  • the two energy sources 12, 14 are each connected in series with an electronic component 18 for ORing their individual currents li and b to form a common star point 20.
  • the electronic components 18 can be implemented as diodes 22, for example, the cathodes of which are at the same potential at the star point 20.
  • the diodes 22 can be designed, for example, as Shottkydi oden which have a relatively high leakage current of up to approximately 100 mA in the reverse direction. In principle, however, other types of diodes that are suitable for ORing the individual currents are also possible. Instead of Diodes 22, however, it is also conceivable to use MOSFETs with an "Ideal Diode Controller IC, such as an LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051 or the like.
  • the power ORring of the first energy source 12 with its individual current li and the second energy source 14 with its individual current b results in a total current ls in the current flow direction after the star point 20 for supplying the electrical processing device or a consumer 24 contained therein, for example as an electric motor and / or can be designed as a STEU or control circuit for the electric motor. Virtually everything that significantly influences the power requirement of the electrical processing device can be used as the consumer 24 of the electrical processing device.
  • each energy source 12, 14 is supplied with a current measuring unit 26 for measuring the individual currents li, b of the energy source 12, 14.
  • the current measuring unit 26 can be designed, for example, as a shunt resistor 28, which is connected in series with the energy source 12, 14 and the electronic component 18 for ORing the individual currents li, ge.
  • a HALL sensor or the like for current measurement is also conceivable.
  • the current measuring units 26 are connected to a control or regulating unit 30 of the energy supply device 10.
  • the control or regulating unit 30 adapts the total current Is to the measured individual currents Ii, I2 in such a way that the energy source 12, 14 can always be operated in their respective permissible operating range.
  • the information about the maximum permissible total current Is is provided to the consumer 24 by the control or regulation unit 30, for example via a bus system, an analog voltage signal, a frequency-modulated signal or the like.
  • the consumer 24 of the electrical processing device can then adjust the power consumption in such a way that, limited by the internal resistances and supply voltages of the individual energy sources 12, 14, an individual current Li, I2 can be drawn from the energy sources 12, 14, which is within the permitted operating range .
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the energy supply device 10 according to the invention.
  • the components provided with the same reference symbols are identical to those according to FIG. 1 and should therefore not be explained again here.
  • the main difference to the first exemplary embodiment is a current measuring unit 32 for measuring the total current Is at the star point 20.
  • the current measuring unit 32 can also be designed as a shunt resistor 28 or as another component suitable for current measurement.
  • the current measuring unit 32 is connected to the control or regulating unit 30 so that a plausibility check of the measured individual currents I 1, I 2 of the energy sources 12, 14 is possible by means of the measured total current Is.
  • the individual voltages Ui, U2 of the two energy sources 12, 14 and the supply voltage Us at the star point are recorded by the control and regulating unit 30. These can also be used to check the plausibility of the measured individual currents li.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of the energy supply device 10 according to the invention.
  • the individual components essentially correspond to those from FIGS. 1 and 2, although the energy sources 12, 14 and 34 operated in parallel have now been shown one below the other for the sake of a better overview.
  • 34 denotes an nth energy source, which is also designed here as a power supply unit (AC / DC conversion) of a mains power supply.
  • All n energy sources 12, 14, 34 are connected in parallel in the sense of a power O-ring by means of electronic components 18 designed as diodes 22, for example, for ORing the individual currents li, b, ... In at the star point 20, so that the individual currents li, I2, ... I n of the n energy sources 12, 14, 34 after the star point 20 result in the total current Is for supplying the electrical processing device 12 or a consumer 24 contained therein.
  • the consumer 24 of the electrical processing device 12 can also be divided into several individual, mutually dependent or independent consumers 24a, 24b.
  • the consumers 24a, 24b are several electric motors for driving a mower and a gear train of a lawnmower that is separate therefrom.
  • the control or regulating unit 30 receives information about the measured individual currents li, I2, ... In the n energy sources 12, 14, 34 and the total current Is at the star point 20 by means of the current measuring units 26 and 32. These can be used as shunt Resistors 28 or other components suitable for current measurement can be designed. In addition to the current measuring units 26 and 32, the control or regulating unit 30 also receives specific data D from the energy sources 12, 14, 34, such as their type, their permissible operating range, temperature measured values, etc. This can be used in addition to adapting the total current ls draw in. In addition, means for detecting the individual voltages U n of the energy sources 12, 14, 34 and the supply voltage Us at the star point 20 are identified by 36 and 38.
  • the means 36, 38 can additionally also be designed as overvoltage protection 40 against voltage peaks, such as those that can arise, for example, when an energy source 12, 14, 34 designed as an exchangeable battery pack 16 is removed while the electrical processing device is in operation.
  • overvoltage protection 40 against voltage peaks, such as those that can arise, for example, when an energy source 12, 14, 34 designed as an exchangeable battery pack 16 is removed while the electrical processing device is in operation.
  • TVS diodes, capacitors or other means suitable for protection against overvoltages come into consideration.
  • the means 36, 38 can also have the function of an overcurrent protection 42.
  • Such protective circuits can be implemented, for example, by means of fuses, MOSFETs or correspondingly suitable means for disconnecting the respective current paths.
  • the energy supply device 10 also has a temperature measuring device 44 for measuring a temperature T.
  • the control or regulating unit 30 can, if necessary, limit the total current Is such that the energy sources 12, 14, 34 on the one hand remain in their permitted operating range and on the other hand the thermal limits of the energy supply device 10 are maintained. This is particularly useful when the energy sources 12, 14, 34 themselves cannot transmit any individual temperature values to the control or regulating unit 30 by means of the data D.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown in the three figures. So it is conceivable that instead of all energy sources only a subset is equipped with a current measuring device and / or a voltage measuring device. This can be useful, for example, with an electrical processing device that is supplied via two exchangeable battery packs 16 and in which the individual current of one of the two exchangeable battery packs can be calculated according to Kirchoff's laws using the total current at the star point and the measured individual current of the other exchangeable battery pack 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric processing tool, comprising an energy supply device (10) and an open-loop or closed-loop control unit (30), the energy supply device (10) having at least two energy sources (12, 14, 34) which are interconnected, each in a series circuit with an electronic component (18) for ORing the individual current (I1, I2, In) of the electronic component in question, to form a common star point (20), such that a resulting total current (IS) for supplying the electric processing tool (12) results. According to the invention, at least a subset of the energy sources (12, 14, 34), in particular each energy source (12, 14, 34), is assigned a current-measuring unit (26) for measuring the individual current (I1, I2, In) of the energy source (12, 14, 34) in question, the open-loop or closed-loop control unit (30) adapting the total current (IS) to the measured individual currents (I1, I2, In).

Description

Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät mit einer Energieversorgungsvorrichtung Electrical processing device with a power supply device
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät mit einer Energieversor gungsvorrichtung nach der Gattung des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. The invention relates to an electrical processing device with an energy supply device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Elektrische Bearbeitungsgeräte werden je nach ihrer vorgesehenen Verwendung in sehr unterschiedlichen Leistungsklassen angeboten. So gibt es beispielsweise akkubetriebene Handwerkzeugmaschinen in unteren Leistungsklassen, die mit 10,8 V (nominell oftmals auch als 12 V bezeichnet) oder 14,4 V betrieben wer den, während in den mittleren bis höheren Leistungsklassen überwiegend Geräte in Spannungsklassen von 18 V, 36 V, 54 V oder auch 72V zum Einsatz kommen. Die Spannungswerte resultieren dabei aus der Verschaltung (parallel oder seriell) der verwendeten Akkuzellen. Bevorzugt sind die Akkuzellen dabei als lithiumba sierte Akkuzellen, z.B. Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-Metall oder dergleichen, mit einer Zellspannung von 3,6 V ausgebildet, wobei eine Akkuzelle in der Regel eine zy linderförmige Rundzelle ist, deren Zellpole an Enden der Zylinderform angeord net sind. Die nachfolgende Erfindung ist jedoch nicht von der Art und Bauform der verwendeten Akkuzellen abhängig, sondern kann auf beliebige Energiequel len, z.B. neben Rundzellen auch Pouchzellen oder dergleichen, angewendet werden. Ebenso kann als Energiequelle eine Netzversorgung mit beispielsweise 120 V oder 230 V in Frage kommen. Electrical processing devices are offered in very different performance classes depending on their intended use. For example, there are battery-operated handheld power tools in the lower performance classes that operate at 10.8 V (often nominally also referred to as 12 V) or 14.4 V, while in the medium to higher performance classes there are predominantly devices in voltage classes of 18 V, 36 V, 54 V or 72V can be used. The voltage values result from the interconnection (parallel or serial) of the battery cells used. The battery cells are preferably designed as lithium-based battery cells, for example Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-metal or the like, with a cell voltage of 3.6 V, a battery cell usually being a cylindrical round cell, the cell poles of which are on Ends of the cylindrical shape are angeord net. However, the following invention does not depend on the type and design of the battery cells used, but can be applied to any energy source, e.g. in addition to round cells, pouch cells or the like. A mains supply with, for example, 120 V or 230 V can also be used as the energy source.
Um insbesondere in gewerblichen Anwendungen möglichst lange Betriebs- und kurze Pausenzeiten zu gewährleisten, haben sich bei vielen akkubetriebenen Bearbeitungsgeräten Wechselakkus bzw. Wechselakkupacks als Energiequelle etabliert. Diese sind über entsprechende Schnittstellen an den Wechselakku packs und den akkubetriebenen Bearbeitungsgeräten kraft- und/oder form schlüssig lösbar miteinander verbunden. Unter einer „lösbaren Verbindung“ soll insbesondere eine werkzeuglos - also von Hand - lösbare und herstellbare Ver bindung verstanden werden. Es ist mittlerweile üblich, insbesondere Elektrowerkzeuge mit sehr hohen Leis tungsanforderungen mit mehreren Wechselakkupacks im Seriell- oder Parallelbe trieb einzusetzen. Im Seriellbetrieb führt z.B. die Verwendung zweier 18V- Wechselakkupacks zu einer Versorgungsspannung von 36 V. Im Parallelbetrieb wird die Leistung entsprechend durch eine Erhöhung des maximal lieferbaren Gesamtstroms erhöht. Ein besonderer Vorteil der Verwendung mehrerer Wech selakkupacks in einem solchen akkubetriebenen Bearbeitungsgerät ist der Erhalt der Kompatibilität zu bereits vorhandenen akkubetriebenen Elektrowerkzeugen geringerer Leistungsklassen, die lediglich mit einem Wechselakkupack betrieben werden. Auch gibt es bereits Elektrowerkzeuge, die sowohl mit einer Netz- als auch mit einer Akkustromversorgung betrieben werden können. In order to ensure the longest possible operating times and short break times, particularly in commercial applications, replaceable batteries or replaceable battery packs have established themselves as an energy source in many battery-operated processing devices. These are connected to one another in a non-positive and / or form-fitting releasable manner via corresponding interfaces on the exchangeable battery packs and the battery-operated processing devices. A “releasable connection” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a connection that can be released and established without tools - that is, by hand. It is now common practice to use power tools with very high performance requirements with several interchangeable battery packs in serial or parallel operation. In serial operation, for example, the use of two 18V exchangeable battery packs leads to a supply voltage of 36 V. In parallel operation, the output is increased accordingly by increasing the maximum total current that can be delivered. A particular advantage of using several interchangeable battery packs in such a battery-operated processing device is the preservation of compatibility with existing battery-operated power tools of lower performance classes that are only operated with an interchangeable battery pack. There are already power tools that can be operated with both a mains and a battery power supply.
Sowohl beim Parallelbetrieb mehrerer Wechselakkupacks als auch beim Misch betrieb aus Netz- und Akkustromversorgung eines elektrischen Bearbeitungsge- räs kann eine so genannte „Energie-Veroderung“ (engl. Power ORing) zum Ein satz kommen. Aus der DE 102013 221 113 Al geht beispielsweise hervor, mit tels Dioden einen elektrischen Ladungsausgleich zwischen den Energiequellen, insbesondere zwischen den Energiespeichern, durchzuführen. Dabei weist eine elektrische Energieversorgungsvorrichtung wenigstens zwei Energiespeicher auf, die mit jeweils wenigstens einer Diode in Serie zu einem Sternpunkt verschaltet sind. Bei ungleichen Ladezuständen der Energiespeicher ist mittels Leckströmen der Dioden ein Angleichen der Ladezustände der Energiespeicher durchführbar. Statt der Dioden können alternativ auch MOSFETs in Verbindung mit einem so genannten „Ideal Diode Controller“ (z.B. LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051) zum Einsatz kommen. So-called “power ORing” can be used for parallel operation of several exchangeable battery packs as well as for mixed operation of mains and battery power supply of an electrical processing device. From DE 102013 221 113 A1, for example, it emerges that an electrical charge equalization between the energy sources, in particular between the energy stores, can be carried out by means of diodes. In this case, an electrical energy supply device has at least two energy stores which are each connected to at least one diode in series to form a star point. If the charge states of the energy stores are unequal, the charge states of the energy stores can be matched by means of leakage currents from the diodes. Instead of diodes, MOSFETs can alternatively be used in conjunction with a so-called "ideal diode controller" (e.g. LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051).
Bei einem System mit Power ORing kann der Summenstrom aus einer Mehrzahl von Energiequellen prinzipiell einen höheren Wert aufweisen, als der Strom einer einzelnen Energiequelle. Dabei besteht jedoch die Gefahr, dass die Leistungs grenzen der einzelnen Energiequellen überschritten werden. Daher ist in der Re gel vorgesehen, dass der Summenstrom auf den geringsten Einzelstrom der Energiequellen begrenzt wird. Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät bereitzustellen, dass bei Maximierung des von den mit dem elektrischen Bearbeitungsgerät ver bundenen Energiequellen lieferbaren Summenstroms einen sicheren Betrieb der einzelnen Energiequellen gewährleistet. In a system with Power ORing, the total current from a plurality of energy sources can in principle have a higher value than the current from a single energy source. However, there is a risk that the performance limits of the individual energy sources will be exceeded. Therefore, it is usually provided that the total current is limited to the lowest individual current of the energy sources. It is the object of the invention to provide an electrical processing device that, while maximizing the total current available from the energy sources connected to the electrical processing device, ensures reliable operation of the individual energy sources.
Vorteile der Erfindung Advantages of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät mit einer Energieversor gungsvorrichtung und mit einer Steuer- oder Regeleinheit, wobei die Energiever sorgungsvorrichtung mindestens zwei Energiequellen aufweist, die jeweils derart in einer Reihenschaltung mit einem elektronischen Bauelement Veroderung ihrer Einzelströme zu einem gemeinsamen Sternpunkt verschaltet sind, dass sich ein resultierender Summenstrom zur Versorgung des elektrischen Bearbeitungsge räts ergibt. Zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest einer Untermenge der Energiequellen, insbesondere jede Energiequelle, eine Strommesseinheit zur Messung der Einzelströme der Energiequellen zugeordnet ist, wobei die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit den Summenstrom an die gemessenen Einzelströme anpasst. Mit besonderem Vorteil lassen sich somit auf Grundlage der erfassten Strommesswerte die einzelnen Energiequelle präzise analysieren, um sicherzustellen, dass bei maximal möglichem Summenstrom die einzelnen Energiequellen nicht außerhalb ihres jeweils erlaubten Bereichs betrieben wer den. Dadurch kann im Vergleich zu den Lösungen des Standes der Technik eine Energieversorgungsvorrichtung mit höherem Ausgangsstrom und höherer Maxi malleistung erzielt werden. The invention relates to an electrical processing device with an energy supply device and with a control or regulating unit, the energy supply device having at least two energy sources, each of which is connected in series with an electronic component ORing its individual currents to a common star point that a resulting total current for supplying the electrical processing device results. To solve the problem, it is provided that at least a subset of the energy sources, in particular each energy source, is assigned a current measuring unit for measuring the individual currents of the energy sources, the control or regulation unit adapting the total current to the measured individual currents. With particular advantage, the individual energy sources can thus be precisely analyzed on the basis of the recorded current measured values in order to ensure that with the maximum possible total current, the individual energy sources are not operated outside of their respectively permitted range. As a result, in comparison to the solutions of the prior art, a power supply device with a higher output current and a higher maximum output can be achieved.
Als Strommesseinheit kommt zum Beispiel ein Shunt-Widerstand, ein Hall- Sensor oder dergleichen in Frage. Die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit kann als ein Microprozessor, ein DSP, ein ASIC oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein und an hand der von den Strommesseinheiten bereitgestellten Informationen sowie der Kenntnis über den Typ der Energiequelle und ihrer erlaubten Einzelströme be werten, ob der Summenstrom reduziert werden muss oder erhöht werden kann. A shunt resistor, a Hall sensor or the like, for example, can be used as the current measuring unit. The control or regulating unit can be designed as a microprocessor, a DSP, an ASIC or the like and, based on the information provided by the current measuring units and knowledge of the type of energy source and its permitted individual currents, assess whether the total current needs to be reduced or not can be increased.
Als elektrische Bearbeitungsgeräte sollen im Kontext der Erfindung beispielweise Elektrowerkzeuge zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mittels eines elektrisch an getriebenen Einsatzwerkzeugs verstanden werden. Dabei kann das Elektrowerk- zeug sowohl als Elektrohandwerkzeug als auch als stationäre Elektrowerkzeug maschine ausgebildet sein. Typische Elektrowerkzeuge sind in diesem Zusam menhang Hand- oder Standbohrmaschinen, Schrauber, Schlagbohrmaschinen, Bohrhämmer, Hobel, Winkelschleifer, Schwingschleifer, Poliermaschinen, Kreis-, Tisch-, Kapp- und Stichsägen oder dergleichen. Als elektrische Bearbeitungsge räte kommen aber auch Gartengeräte wie Rasenmäher, Rasentrimmer, Astsägen oder dergleichen in Frage. Weiterhin ist die Erfindung auch auf Haushaltgeräte, wie Staubsauger, Mixer, etc. nutzbar. In the context of the invention, electrical processing devices are to be understood as meaning, for example, electrical tools for processing workpieces by means of an electrically driven insert tool. The electrical works tool be designed both as an electric hand tool and as a stationary power tool machine. Typical power tools in this context are hand or standing drills, screwdrivers, impact drills, rotary hammers, planes, angle grinders, orbital grinders, polishing machines, circular, table, chop saw and jigsaws or the like. Garden equipment such as lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, pruning saws or the like can also be used as electrical processing equipment. Furthermore, the invention can also be used on household appliances such as vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc.
Die Akkuspannung eines Wechselakkupacks ist in der Regel ein Vielfaches der Spannung einer einzelnen Akkuzelle und ergibt sich aus der Verschaltung (paral lel oder seriell) der einzelnen Akkuzellen. Eine Akkuzelle ist typischerweise als eine galvanische Zelle ausgebildet, die einen Aufbau aufweist, bei dem ein Zell pol an einem Ende und ein weiterer Zellpol an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende zu liegen kommt. Insbesondere weist die Akkuzelle an einem Ende einen positi ven Zellpol und an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende einen negativen Zellpol auf. Bevorzugt sind die Akkuzellen als lithiumbasierte Akkuzellen, z.B. Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-Metall oder dergleichen, ausgebildet. Die Erfindung ist aber auch für Wech selakkupacks mit Ni-Cd-, Ni-MH-Zellen oder andere geeignete Zellenarten an wendbar. Bei gängigen Li-Ion-Akkuzellen mit einer Zellspannung von 3,6 V erge ben sich beispielhaft Spannungsklassen von 3,6 V, 7,2 V, 10,8 V, 14,4 V, 18 V,The battery voltage of an exchangeable battery pack is usually a multiple of the voltage of an individual battery cell and results from the interconnection (parallel or serial) of the individual battery cells. A rechargeable battery cell is typically designed as a galvanic cell which has a structure in which one cell pole comes to rest on one end and another cell pole on an opposite end. In particular, the battery cell has a positive cell pole at one end and a negative cell pole at an opposite end. The battery cells are preferably designed as lithium-based battery cells, e.g. Li-Ion, Li-Po, Li-metal or the like. The invention can also be used for interchangeable batteries with Ni-Cd, Ni-MH cells or other suitable types of cells. For common Li-ion battery cells with a cell voltage of 3.6 V, voltage classes of 3.6 V, 7.2 V, 10.8 V, 14.4 V, 18 V,
36 V etc. Bevorzugt ist eine Akkuzelle als zumindest im Wesentlichen zylinder förmige Rundzelle ausgebildet, wobei die Zellpole an Enden der Zylinderform an geordnet sind. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht von der Art und Bauform der ver wendeten Akkuzellen abhängig, sondern kann auf beliebige Wechselackkupacks und Akkuzellen, z.B. neben Rundzellen auch Pouchzellen oder dergleichen, an gewendet werden. Ebenso ist sie auf nicht wiederaufladbare Batterien und auf eine die Akku- bzw. Batterieversorgung ergänzende Netzstromversorgung an wendbar. 36 V etc. A battery cell is preferably designed as an at least essentially cylindrical round cell, the cell poles being arranged at the ends of the cylindrical shape. However, the invention is not dependent on the type and design of the battery cells used, but can be applied to any interchangeable battery packs and battery cells, e.g. in addition to round cells, pouch cells or the like. It can also be applied to non-rechargeable batteries and to a mains power supply that supplements the rechargeable battery or battery supply.
Es sei darüber hinaus angemerkt, dass die Ausgestaltung der elektromechani schen Schnittstellen von akkubetriebenen Bearbeitungsgeräten sowie die zuge hörigen Aufnahmen zur kraft- und/oder formschlüssig lösbaren Verbindung der Wechselakkupacks für die unterschiedlichen Spannungsklassen nicht Gegen stand dieser Erfindung sein soll. Ein Fachmann wird je nach Leistungs- bzw. Spannungsklasse des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts und/oder der Wechselak kupacks eine geeignete Ausführungsform für die Schnittstelle wählen. Die in den Ausführungsbeispielen gezeigten Ausführungsformen sind daher nur exempla risch zu verstehen. It should also be noted that the design of the electromechanical interfaces of battery-operated processing devices and the associated receptacles for the non-positive and / or form-fitting detachable connection of the interchangeable battery packs for the different voltage classes should not be the subject of this invention. A specialist will be appointed depending on the performance or Select a suitable embodiment for the interface from the voltage class of the electrical processing device and / or the replaceable battery packs. The embodiments shown in the exemplary embodiments are therefore only to be understood as examples.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Energieversorgungsvor richtung für jede Energiequelle eine Spannungsmesseinrichtung zur Messung der von der jeweiligen Energiequelle bereitgestellten Spannung auf. Ergänzend kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung eine Spannungsmes seinrichtung zur Messung einer Versorgungsspannung am Sternpunkt aufweist. In a further embodiment of the invention, the energy supply device has a voltage measuring device for each energy source for measuring the voltage provided by the respective energy source. In addition, it can be provided that the energy supply device has a voltage measuring device for measuring a supply voltage at the star point.
Mittels der gemessenen Spannungswerte kann in vorteilhafter Weise eine Plau sibilisierung der gemessenen Stromwerte erfolgen. A plausibility check of the measured current values can advantageously be carried out by means of the measured voltage values.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Energiever sorgungsvorrichtung eine Strommesseinheit zur Messung des Summenstroms am Sternpunkt aufweist. Auch der gemessene Summenstrom kann mit Vorteil zur Plausibi lisierung der gemessenen Einzelstromwerte der Energiequellen herangezogen werden. In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Energiever supply device has a current measuring unit for measuring the total current at the star point. The measured total current can also advantageously be used for plausibility checking of the measured individual current values of the energy sources.
Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung eine Temperatur messvorrichtung zur Messung einer Temperatur der Energieversorgungsvorrichtung aufweisen. Anhand der gemessenen Temperatur ist es möglich, den Summenstrom zu begrenzen, um eine Überhitzung der Energieversorgungsvorrichtung bzw. einzelner Komponenten zu vermeiden. As an alternative or in addition, the energy supply device can have a temperature measuring device for measuring a temperature of the energy supply device. Using the measured temperature, it is possible to limit the total current in order to avoid overheating of the energy supply device or individual components.
Einen weiteren Schutz vor einer Überlastung der erfindungsgemäßen Energieversor gungsvorrichtung bieten Schutzschaltungen gegen eine Überspannung und/oder ge gen einen Überstrom. Protection circuits against overvoltage and / or against overcurrent offer further protection against overloading the power supply device according to the invention.
Ausführungsbeispiele Embodiments
Zeichnung drawing
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 bis 3 beispielhaft erläu tert, wobei gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren auf gleiche Bestandteile mit ei ner gleichen Funktionsweise hindeuten. Es zeigen The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the same reference symbols in the figures indicating the same components with the same mode of operation. Show it
Fig. 1: ein Blockschaltbild eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer er findungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung für ein Elektri sches Bearbeitungsgerät, Fig. 1: a block diagram of a first embodiment of a power supply device according to the invention for an electrical processing device,
Fig. 2: ein Blockschaltbild eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfin dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung für ein Elektri sches Bearbeitungsgerät und Fig. 2: a block diagram of a second embodiment of the inventions to the invention power supply device for an electrical cal processing device and
Fig. 3: ein Blockschaltbild eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfin dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung für ein Elektri sches Bearbeitungsgerät. Fig. 3: a block diagram of a third embodiment of the inventions to the invention power supply device for an electrical cal machining device.
Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele Description of the exemplary embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfin dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 eines nicht näher dargestell ten elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts. Wie eingangs bereits beschrieben, soll als elektrisches Bearbeitungsgeräte im Kontext der Erfindung beispielweise ein Elektrowerkzeug zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mittels eines elektrisch ange triebenen Einsatzwerkzeugs verstanden werden. Dabei kann das Elektrowerk zeug sowohl als akkubetriebenes Elektrohandwerkzeug als auch als stationäre Elektrowerkzeugmaschine, die per Wechselakkupacks und ggf. zusätzlich mit Netzstrom versorgt wird, ausgebildet sein. Typische Elektrowerkzeuge sind in diesem Zusammenhang Hand- oder Standbohrmaschinen, Schrauber, Schlag bohrmaschinen, Bohrhämmer, Hobel, Winkelschleifer, Schwingschleifer, Polier maschinen, Kreis-, Tisch-, Kapp- und Stichsägen oder dergleichen. Als elektri sche Bearbeitungsgeräte kommen aber auch Gartengeräte wie Rasenmäher, Rasentrimmer, Astsägen oder dergleichen in Frage. Weiterhin ist die Erfindung auch für Haushaltgeräte, wie Staubsauger, Mixer, etc. nutzbar. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of an inventive energy supply device 10 of an electrical processing device not shown in detail. As already described at the beginning, an electrical machining device in the context of the invention is to be understood, for example, as an electric tool for machining workpieces by means of an electrically driven insert tool. The power tool can be designed both as a battery-operated electric hand tool and as a stationary power tool that is supplied by exchangeable battery packs and possibly also with mains power. Typical power tools in this context are hand or standing drills, screwdrivers, impact drills, rotary hammers, planes, angle grinders, orbital grinders, polishing machines, circular, table, miter saws and jigsaws or the like. Garden equipment such as lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, pruning saws or the like can also be used as electrical processing equipment. Furthermore, the invention can also be used for household appliances such as vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc.
Die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 ist als ein Energie-Veroderungssystem (Power ORing) mit einer ersten Energiequelle 12 und einer zweiten Energiequelle 14 ausgebildet. Die beiden Energiequelle 12 und 14 können als Wechselakku packs bzw. Wechselakkus 16 des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass die erste Energiequelle 12 ein Wechselakku pack 16 und die zweite Energiequelle 14 das Netzteil einer Netzstromversorgung ist. Je nach Leistungsklasse des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts können sehr unterschiedliche Wechselakkupacks bzw. Wechselakkus 16 und Energiequellen 12, 14 zum Einsatz kommen. Da dem Fachmann die Ausgestaltung derartiger Wechselakkupacks bzw. Wechselakkus 16 und Energiequellen 12, 14 bekannt ist, soll hierauf nachfolgend nicht weiter eingegangen werden. Auch kann die An zahl der Energiequellen variieren. Die Erfindung ist somit nicht auf zwei Energie quellen 12, 14 beschränkt. The energy supply device 10 is designed as an energy ORing system (Power ORing) with a first energy source 12 and a second energy source 14 trained. The two energy sources 12 and 14 can be designed as replaceable battery packs or replaceable batteries 16 of the electrical processing device. It is also conceivable that the first energy source 12 is an exchangeable battery pack 16 and the second energy source 14 is the power supply unit of a mains power supply. Depending on the performance class of the electrical processing device, very different exchangeable battery packs or exchangeable batteries 16 and energy sources 12, 14 can be used. Since the person skilled in the art is familiar with the design of such exchangeable battery packs or exchangeable batteries 16 and energy sources 12, 14, this will not be discussed further below. The number of energy sources can also vary. The invention is therefore not limited to two energy sources 12, 14.
Die beiden Energiequelle 12, 14 sind jeweils in Reihe mit einem elektronischen Bauelement 18 zur Veroderung ihrer Einzelströme li und b zu einem gemeinsa men Sternpunkt 20 verschaltet. Die elektronischen Bauelemente 18 können bei spielsweise als Dioden 22 realisiert sein, deren Kathoden am Sternpunkt 20 auf demselben Potential liegen. Die Dioden 22 können beispielswiese als Shottkydi- oden ausgebildet sein, die in Sperrrichtung einen relativ hohen Leckstrom von bis zu ca. 100 mA aufweisen. Es kommen prinzipiell aber auch andere Arten von Di oden in Frage, die zur Veroderung der Einzelströme geeignet sind. Statt der Dio den 22 ist es aber auch denkbar, MOSFETs mit einem „Ideal Diode Controller- IC, wie z.B. einem LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051 oder dergleichen zu ver wenden. The two energy sources 12, 14 are each connected in series with an electronic component 18 for ORing their individual currents li and b to form a common star point 20. The electronic components 18 can be implemented as diodes 22, for example, the cathodes of which are at the same potential at the star point 20. The diodes 22 can be designed, for example, as Shottkydi oden which have a relatively high leakage current of up to approximately 100 mA in the reverse direction. In principle, however, other types of diodes that are suitable for ORing the individual currents are also possible. Instead of Diodes 22, however, it is also conceivable to use MOSFETs with an "Ideal Diode Controller IC, such as an LTC4357, ZXGD3112N7, LM5051 or the like.
Durch das Power ORring der ersten Energiequelle 12 mit ihrem Einzelstrom li und der zweiten Energiequelle 14 mit ihrem Einzelstrom b ergibt sich in Strom flussrichtung nach dem Sternpunkt 20 ein resultierender Summenstrom ls zur Versorgung des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts bzw. eines darin enthaltenen Verbrauchers 24, der beispielsweise als ein Elektromotor und/oder als ein Steu er- oder Regelkreis für den Elektromotor ausgebildet sein kann. Als Verbraucher 24 des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts kommt quasi alles in Frage, was den Leistungsbedarf des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts maßgeblich beeinflusst. The power ORring of the first energy source 12 with its individual current li and the second energy source 14 with its individual current b results in a total current ls in the current flow direction after the star point 20 for supplying the electrical processing device or a consumer 24 contained therein, for example as an electric motor and / or can be designed as a STEU or control circuit for the electric motor. Virtually everything that significantly influences the power requirement of the electrical processing device can be used as the consumer 24 of the electrical processing device.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass jeder Energiequelle 12, 14 eine Strom messeinheit 26 zur Messung der Einzelströme li, b der Energiequelle 12, 14 zu- geordnet ist. Die Strommesseinheit 26 kann beispielsweise als ein Shunt- Widerstand 28 ausgebildet sein, der in Reihe mit der Energiequelle 12, 14 und dem elektronischen Bauelement 18 zur Veroderung der Einzelströme li, ge schaltet ist. Es ist aber auch ein HALL-Sensor oder dergleichen zur Strommes sung denkbar. Die Strommesseinheiten 26 sind mit einer Steuer- oder Regelein heit 30 der Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 verbunden. Die Steuer- oder Re geleinheit 30 passt den Summenstrom ls derart an die gemessenen Einzelströme li, I2 an, dass die Energiequelle 12, 14 stets in ihrem jeweils zulässigen Betriebs bereich betrieben werden können. According to the invention, it is provided that each energy source 12, 14 is supplied with a current measuring unit 26 for measuring the individual currents li, b of the energy source 12, 14. is ordered. The current measuring unit 26 can be designed, for example, as a shunt resistor 28, which is connected in series with the energy source 12, 14 and the electronic component 18 for ORing the individual currents li, ge. However, a HALL sensor or the like for current measurement is also conceivable. The current measuring units 26 are connected to a control or regulating unit 30 of the energy supply device 10. The control or regulating unit 30 adapts the total current Is to the measured individual currents Ii, I2 in such a way that the energy source 12, 14 can always be operated in their respective permissible operating range.
Die Information über den maximal zulässigen Summenstrom ls wird dem Ver braucher 24 durch die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 beispielsweise über ein BUS- System, ein analoges Spannungssignal, ein frequenzmoduliertes Signal oder dergleichen bereitgestellt. Der Verbraucher 24 des elektrischen Bearbeitungsge räts kann dann die Leistungsaufnahme derart anpassen, dass begrenzt durch die Innenwiderstände und Versorgungsspannungen der einzelnen Energiequellen 12, 14 jeweils ein Einzelstrom li, I2 aus den Energiequellen 12, 14 entnommen werden kann, der innerhalb des jeweils erlaubten Betriebsbereichs liegt. The information about the maximum permissible total current Is is provided to the consumer 24 by the control or regulation unit 30, for example via a bus system, an analog voltage signal, a frequency-modulated signal or the like. The consumer 24 of the electrical processing device can then adjust the power consumption in such a way that, limited by the internal resistances and supply voltages of the individual energy sources 12, 14, an individual current Li, I2 can be drawn from the energy sources 12, 14, which is within the permitted operating range .
Es ist zudem denkbar, mehrere Komponenten des Power ORing derart in Reihe zu verschalten, dass im Falle eines Ausfalls einer Komponente ein Stromfluss in eine der Energiequellen 12, 14 unterbunden wird. It is also conceivable to connect several components of the Power ORing in series in such a way that, in the event of a component failure, a current flow into one of the energy sources 12, 14 is prevented.
Figur 2 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfin dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10. Die mit denselben Bezugs zeichen versehenen Komponenten sind identisch zu denen gemäß Figur 1 und sollen daher hier nicht nochmals erläutert werden. Wesentlicher Unterschied zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Strommesseinheit 32 zur Messung des Summenstroms ls am Sternpunkt 20. Analog den Strommesseinheiten 26 kann auch die Strommesseinheit 32 als ein Shunt-Widerstand 28 oder als ein anderes zur Strommessung geeignetes Bauelement ausgebildet sein. Die Strommessein heit 32 ist mit der Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 verbunden, so dass mittels des gemessenen Summenstroms ls eine Plausibilisierung der gemessenen Einzel ströme li, I2 der Energiequellen 12, 14 möglich ist. Neben den Strömen werden im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel zusätzlich auch noch die Einzelspannungen Ui, U2 der beiden Energiequellen 12, 14 und die Versorgungsspannung Us am Sternpunkt von der Steuer- und Regeleinheit 30 erfasst. Auch diese können zur Plausibilisierung der gemessenen Einzelströme li, herangezogen werden. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the energy supply device 10 according to the invention. The components provided with the same reference symbols are identical to those according to FIG. 1 and should therefore not be explained again here. The main difference to the first exemplary embodiment is a current measuring unit 32 for measuring the total current Is at the star point 20. Analogously to the current measuring units 26, the current measuring unit 32 can also be designed as a shunt resistor 28 or as another component suitable for current measurement. The current measuring unit 32 is connected to the control or regulating unit 30 so that a plausibility check of the measured individual currents I 1, I 2 of the energy sources 12, 14 is possible by means of the measured total current Is. In addition to the currents, the individual voltages Ui, U2 of the two energy sources 12, 14 and the supply voltage Us at the star point are recorded by the control and regulating unit 30. These can also be used to check the plausibility of the measured individual currents li.
In Figur 3 ist ein Blockschaltbild eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfin dungsgemäßen Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 gezeigt. Die Einzelkomponen ten entsprechen im Wesentlichen denen aus den Figuren 1 und 2, wobei nun je doch der besseren Übersicht halber die parallel betriebenen Energiequelle 12, 14 und 34 untereinander dargestellt wurden. Dabei bezeichnet 34 eine n-ten Ener giequelle, die hier zudem als Netzteil (AC/DC-Wandlung) einer Netzstromversor gung ausgebildet ist. FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of the energy supply device 10 according to the invention. The individual components essentially correspond to those from FIGS. 1 and 2, although the energy sources 12, 14 and 34 operated in parallel have now been shown one below the other for the sake of a better overview. Here, 34 denotes an nth energy source, which is also designed here as a power supply unit (AC / DC conversion) of a mains power supply.
Sämtliche n Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 sind im Sinne eines Power ORings mittels beispielsweise als Dioden 22 ausgebildeter, elektronischer Bauelemente 18 zur Veroderung der Einzelströme li, b, ... In am Sternpunkt 20 parallel verschaltet, so dass die Einzelströme li, I2, ... In der n Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 nach dem Sternpunkt 20 in den Summenstrom ls zur Versorgung des elektrischen Bearbei tungsgeräts 12 bzw. eines darin enthaltenen Verbrauchers 24 resultieren. Dabei kann der Verbraucher 24 des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts 12 auch in mehre re einzelne voneinander abhängige oder unabhängige Verbraucher 24a, 24b aufgeteilt sein. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, dass es sich bei den Verbrauchern 24a, 24b um mehrere Elektromotoren zum Antrieb eines Mähwerks und eines davon getrennten Räderwerks eines Rasenmähers handelt. All n energy sources 12, 14, 34 are connected in parallel in the sense of a power O-ring by means of electronic components 18 designed as diodes 22, for example, for ORing the individual currents li, b, ... In at the star point 20, so that the individual currents li, I2, ... I n of the n energy sources 12, 14, 34 after the star point 20 result in the total current Is for supplying the electrical processing device 12 or a consumer 24 contained therein. In this case, the consumer 24 of the electrical processing device 12 can also be divided into several individual, mutually dependent or independent consumers 24a, 24b. For example, it is conceivable that the consumers 24a, 24b are several electric motors for driving a mower and a gear train of a lawnmower that is separate therefrom.
Analog Figur 2 erhält die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 Informationen über die gemessenen Einzelströme li, I2, ... In der n Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 und den Summenstrom Is am Sternpunkt 20 mittels der Strommesseinheiten 26 und 32. Diese können als Shunt-Widerstände 28 oder als andere zur Strommessung ge eignete Bauelemente ausgebildet sein. Neben den Strommesseinheiten 26 und 32 erhält die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 auch spezifische Daten D von den Energiequellen 12, 14, 34, wie beispielsweise ihren Typ, ihren zulässigen Be triebsbereich, Temperaturmesswerte, etc. Diese kann sie ergänzend zur Anpas sung des Summenstroms ls heranziehen. Mit 36 und 38 sind darüber hinaus Mittel zur Erfassung der Einzelspannungen Un der Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 und der Versorgungsspannung Us am Sternpunkt 20 gekennzeichnet. Die Mittel 36, 38 können ergänzend auch als Überspan nungsschutz 40 gegen Spannungsspitzen, wie sie beispielsweise beim Entfernen einer als Wechselakkupack 16 ausgebildeten Energiequelle 12, 14, 34 während des laufenden Betriebs des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts entstehen können, ausgebildet sein. Dabei kommen insbesondere TVS-Dioden, Kondensatoren o- der sonstige zum Schutz vor Überspannungen geeignete Mittel in Frage. Ergän zend oder alternativ können die Mittel 36, 38 auch die Funktion eines Überstrom schutzes 42 aufweisen. Derartige Schutzschaltungen lassen sich beispielsweise durch Schmelzsicherungen, MOSFETs oder entsprechend geeignete Mittel zum Auftrennen der jeweiligen Strompfade realisieren. Analogously to Figure 2, the control or regulating unit 30 receives information about the measured individual currents li, I2, ... In the n energy sources 12, 14, 34 and the total current Is at the star point 20 by means of the current measuring units 26 and 32. These can be used as shunt Resistors 28 or other components suitable for current measurement can be designed. In addition to the current measuring units 26 and 32, the control or regulating unit 30 also receives specific data D from the energy sources 12, 14, 34, such as their type, their permissible operating range, temperature measured values, etc. This can be used in addition to adapting the total current ls draw in. In addition, means for detecting the individual voltages U n of the energy sources 12, 14, 34 and the supply voltage Us at the star point 20 are identified by 36 and 38. The means 36, 38 can additionally also be designed as overvoltage protection 40 against voltage peaks, such as those that can arise, for example, when an energy source 12, 14, 34 designed as an exchangeable battery pack 16 is removed while the electrical processing device is in operation. In particular, TVS diodes, capacitors or other means suitable for protection against overvoltages come into consideration. Additionally or alternatively, the means 36, 38 can also have the function of an overcurrent protection 42. Such protective circuits can be implemented, for example, by means of fuses, MOSFETs or correspondingly suitable means for disconnecting the respective current paths.
Weiterhin weist die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 eine Temperaturmessvor richtung 44 zur Messung einer Temperatur T auf. Anhand der gemessenen Tem peratur T kann die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 bei Bedarf den Summenstrom ls derart begrenzen, dass die Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 zum einen in ihrem erlaub ten Betriebsbereich bleiben und zum anderen die thermischen Grenzen der Energieversorgungsvorrichtung 10 eingehalten werden. Dies ist insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn die Energiequellen 12, 14, 34 selbst keine individuellen Temperaturwerte mittels der Daten D an die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 30 über mitteln können. The energy supply device 10 also has a temperature measuring device 44 for measuring a temperature T. On the basis of the measured temperature T, the control or regulating unit 30 can, if necessary, limit the total current Is such that the energy sources 12, 14, 34 on the one hand remain in their permitted operating range and on the other hand the thermal limits of the energy supply device 10 are maintained. This is particularly useful when the energy sources 12, 14, 34 themselves cannot transmit any individual temperature values to the control or regulating unit 30 by means of the data D.
Abschließend sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die in den drei Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist. So ist denkbar, dass statt aller Energiequellen nur eine Untermenge mit einer Strommmessvorrichtung und/oder einer Spannungsmessvorrichtung ausgestattet ist. Dies kann z.B. bei einem elektrischen Bearbeitungsgerät sinnvoll sein, das über zwei Wechselakku packs 16 versorgt wird und bei dem sich der Einzelstrom eines der beiden Wech- selackkupacks nach den Kirchoffschen Gesetzen über den Summenstrom am Sternpunkt und dem gemessenen Einzelstrom des anderen Wechselakkupacks 16 berechnen lässt. Finally, it should be pointed out that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown in the three figures. So it is conceivable that instead of all energy sources only a subset is equipped with a current measuring device and / or a voltage measuring device. This can be useful, for example, with an electrical processing device that is supplied via two exchangeable battery packs 16 and in which the individual current of one of the two exchangeable battery packs can be calculated according to Kirchoff's laws using the total current at the star point and the measured individual current of the other exchangeable battery pack 16.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät mit einer Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) und mit einer Steuer- oder Regeleinheit (30), wobei die Energieversorgungsvor richtung (10) mindestens zwei Energiequellen (12, 14, 34) aufweist, die jeweils derart in einer Reihenschaltung mit einem elektronischen Bauelement (18) zur Veroderung ihrer Einzelströme (li, I2, In) zu einem gemeinsamen Sternpunkt (20) verschaltet sind, dass sich ein resultierender Summenstrom (ls) zur Ver sorgung des elektrischen Bearbeitungsgeräts (12) ergibt, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass zumindest einer Untermenge der Energiequellen (12, 14, 34), insbesondere jeder Energiequelle (12, 14, 34), eine Strommesseinheit (26) zur Messung der Einzelströme (li, I2, In) der Energiequellen (12, 14, 34) zugeordnet ist, wobei die Steuer- oder Regeleinheit (30) den Summenstrom (ls) an die ge messenen Einzelströme (li, I2, ln) anpasst. 1. Electrical processing device with an energy supply device (10) and with a control or regulating unit (30), wherein the Energieversorgungsvor direction (10) has at least two energy sources (12, 14, 34), each in a series connection with an electronic component (18) for the ORing of their individual currents (li, I2, In) are connected to a common star point (20) that a resulting total current (ls) for the supply of the electrical processing device (12) results, characterized in that at least one A subset of the energy sources (12, 14, 34), in particular each energy source (12, 14, 34), is assigned a current measuring unit (26) for measuring the individual currents (li, I2, In) of the energy sources (12, 14, 34), wherein the control or regulation unit (30) adapts the total current (Is) to the measured individual currents (li, I2, l n).
2. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) zumindest für eine Untermenge der Energiequellen (12, 14, 34), insbesondere für jede Energiequelle (12, 14, 34), eine Spannungsmesseinrichtung (36) zur Messung der von der jeweiligen Energiequelle (12, 14, 34) bereitgestellten Spannung (Ui, U2, Un) aufweist. 2. Electrical processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has a voltage measuring device (36) for measurement at least for a subset of the energy sources (12, 14, 34), in particular for each energy source (12, 14, 34) the voltage (Ui, U2, U n ) provided by the respective energy source (12, 14, 34).
3. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) eine Spannungsmesseinrichtung (38) zur Messung einer Versorgungsspannung (Us) am Sternpunkt (20) aufweist. 3. Electrical processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has a voltage measuring device (38) for measuring a supply voltage (Us) at the star point (20).
4. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) eine Strommesseinheit (32) zur Messung des Summenstroms (ls) am Sternpunkt (20) aufweist. 4. Electrical processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has a current measuring unit (32) for measuring the total current (Is) at the star point (20).
5. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) eine Temperaturmessvorrichtung (44) zur Messung einer Temperatur (T) aufweist. 5. Electrical processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has a temperature measuring device (44) for measuring a temperature (T).
6. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) zumin dest eine Schutzschaltung (40) gegen eine Überspannung aufweist. 6. Electrical processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has at least one protective circuit (40) against an overvoltage.
7. Elektrisches Bearbeitungsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgungsvorrichtung (10) zumin dest eine Schutzschaltung (42) gegen einen Überstrom aufweist. 7. Electrical processing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy supply device (10) has at least one protective circuit (42) against an overcurrent.
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