EP4077010A1 - Method for coasting operation of a hybrid drive - Google Patents
Method for coasting operation of a hybrid driveInfo
- Publication number
- EP4077010A1 EP4077010A1 EP20838941.1A EP20838941A EP4077010A1 EP 4077010 A1 EP4077010 A1 EP 4077010A1 EP 20838941 A EP20838941 A EP 20838941A EP 4077010 A1 EP4077010 A1 EP 4077010A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- clutch
- drive train
- hybrid drive
- vehicle
- parameters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
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- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/12—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using control strategies taking into account route information
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18072—Coasting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18109—Braking
- B60W30/18127—Regenerative braking
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- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/082—Selecting or switching between different modes of propelling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18072—Coasting
- B60W2030/1809—Without torque flow between driveshaft and engine, e.g. with clutch disengaged or transmission in neutral
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
- B60W2530/10—Weight
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/043—Identity of occupants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
- B60W2552/05—Type of road, e.g. motorways, local streets, paved or unpaved roads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
- B60W2552/20—Road profile, i.e. the change in elevation or curvature of a plurality of continuous road segments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
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- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/02—Clutches
- B60W2710/021—Clutch engagement state
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for sailing operation for hybrid systems in a motor vehicle according to the preamble of independent claim 1 as well as a control device and a motor vehicle.
- a hybrid system in a motor vehicle has both an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine as a traction machine.
- Such hybrid drives are also referred to as hybrid electric drives.
- Both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine can each be used alone or together to drive the vehicle, and are therefore each referred to as traction machines.
- Systems in which the electric traction machine (e-machine) is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the transmission, each with a clutch (K0) to the internal combustion engine and to the transmission (K1), are referred to in this application as P2_Hybridsysteme.
- P2_Hybridsysteme Such a hybrid system is shown as an example in FIG.
- the invention relates to the operation of a P2 hybrid system.
- the electrical machine components located between the internal combustion engine and the transmission are sometimes also referred to as hybrid modules.
- the K1 clutch When sailing with an open K0 clutch, the K1 clutch remains closed.
- the electric machine is coupled to the transmission input shaft by clutch K1 and runs with it.
- the advantages of coasting operation via an open KO clutch (and closed K1 clutch) are fast response times by avoiding changeover processes, for example when changing between coasting operation and purely electric driving. There is no need for synchronization. Thanks to the closed K1 clutch, recuperation (recovery of braking energy by the electrical machine) is possible at any time when braking.
- the internal combustion engine is started, the use of the rotational energy of the hybrid module and the electric machine leads to a faster start of the internal combustion engine.
- K1 sailing with the K1 clutch disengaged is correspondingly lower friction loss.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided.
- the inventive method for operating a hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle in which an output shaft of an internal combustion engine can be detachably connected to a shaft of an electric traction machine via a first clutch K0, and the shaft of the electric traction machine in turn via at least one second clutch K1 with at least one Transmission input shaft is releasably connectable, provides that the first clutch KO or the at least one second clutch K1 is disengaged for a change to coasting mode of the hybrid drive train, with a decision being made as a function of one or more state parameters whether the first clutch KO or the at least a second clutch K1 is opened.
- the shaft of the electrical machine can be releasably connectable directly or indirectly via the clutches KO and K1 to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine or the input shaft of the transmission.
- a direct connection can exist, for example, if the shafts run coaxially and the shafts are connected to one another directly via the couplings.
- an arrangement is also possible, for example, in which the shaft of the electrical machine is arranged parallel to the output shaft of the VM.
- the connection can be made indirectly via a belt drive or a gear stage.
- the invention can also be used for hybrid drive trains with dual clutch transmissions.
- hybrid drive trains with a dual clutch transmission there can be two second clutches K1 and two transmission input shafts, which are then arranged, for example, in parallel.
- both second clutches K1 are to be opened equally for sailing or other operation with the clutch K1 disengaged. I.e. both second clutches K1 are or will be opened.
- either the first clutch KO or the at least one second clutch K1 is disengaged for coasting operation, the decision as to which of the clutches is disengaged being made as a function of one or more state parameters.
- a possible starting state for the sailing operation according to the invention is that the vehicle is moving in a first operating mode at a speed (v) and is driven by the electrical machine and / or the internal combustion engine.
- a speed (v) Usually at least the second clutch (K1) is closed or both clutches (K1) and (K0) are closed.
- the method according to the invention for sailing operation is in principle also possible when the vehicle is stationary, for example when it is rolling on a slope. This can then also take place from a state with the clutch K1 open.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that in some situations K1 sailing (sailing with the clutch K1 disengaged) is more favorable. In other situations K0 sailing (sailing with the clutch K0 open) is cheaper.
- the coasting operation is therefore carried out, depending on the situation, either with the K0 or with the K1 clutch.
- the different situations are characterized by one or more state parameters.
- the one or more state parameters (P) are preferably determined before changing to sailing mode.
- the method according to the invention is also possible from an already running sailing operation. After determining a status parameter, a change between K0 sailing and K1 sailing can also be made, for example take place according to the method according to the invention. It can therefore preferably be provided that the state parameter (s) is / are continuously determined.
- the state parameter (s) can include one or more vehicle parameters, environment parameters, driver parameters and / or diagnostic parameters.
- Vehicle parameters can include, for example, one or more pieces of information about a vehicle speed, a vehicle mass or a driving operating mode.
- An environmental parameter can include one or more pieces of information about a vehicle position, i.e. a location parameter, a weather condition and / or a road condition.
- a driver parameter contains, for example, information about the preferences of a current driver of the vehicle. For example, whether the driver prefers a sporty or an energy-efficient driving style.
- a diagnostic parameter can, for example, indicate whether one of the two clutches is defective and can no longer be opened, for example.
- the diagnostic parameter can be used to decide that the other clutch must be opened. This means that sailing operation is still possible as a fail-safe option even in the event of a fault.
- the diagnostic parameter is recognized, for example, by a clutch control device.
- the clutch control can be part of a flybridge module control or a control of the drive train.
- the one or more state parameters are compared with one or more predetermined threshold values. If several status parameters are taken into account, a weighting of the different status parameters can be provided so that a uniform decision is made possible.
- the state parameter relates to a current vehicle speed v.
- the vehicle speed can be compared with a predetermined threshold value, for example. If the vehicle speed is below the threshold value, the speed is low and the clutch K0 is opened for coasting operation. If the vehicle speed is above the threshold value, clutch K1 is opened.
- a predetermined threshold value for example. If the vehicle speed is below the threshold value, the speed is low and the clutch K0 is opened for coasting operation. If the vehicle speed is above the threshold value, clutch K1 is opened.
- low speeds usually mean a high proportion of purely electric driving, for which the KO must be open. In addition, low speeds also mean frequent changes between sailing operation, electric driving and hybrid driving with a combustion engine, i.e. rapid changes in status must be possible.
- the electric driving component is lower and the dynamics of the state change are less important, so that it makes sense to use the comparatively lower losses of K1 sailing.
- the vehicle position is viewed as a status parameter. If the vehicle is in urban areas, for example in city traffic, K0 sailing is preferred because it is usually driven at lower speeds and there may also be more frequent changes in status.
- K1 sailing is preferred for cross-country traffic or out of town and on motorways, as the speed at which the vehicle is usually driven is higher.
- K0 sailing is used in “zero emission zones” (ie traffic zones in which no emissions may be emitted) because the combustion engine is not allowed to be started at all. This means that only electric driving and sailing are used in such zones.
- the vehicle position can be determined, for example, via a satellite-supported positioning system such as GPS.
- a driving mode can be viewed as a status parameter.
- an ECO mode (energy-efficient) mode can be selected depending on the driver's wishes.
- the K1 sailing mode is preferred because the electric machine and the flybridge module do not rotate, which leads to lower friction losses.
- K0 sailing is preferably selected.
- a performance mode for example, a high level of dynamics is required by the driver when there are changes in status (i.e. a shorter response time). Then K0 sailing is preferred.
- K0 sailing is also preferred in air conditioning mode: If a mechanical air conditioning compressor is mounted on or in the hybrid module parallel to the electrical machine, the air conditioning can also be driven from the vehicle mass during K0 sailing.
- the state parameter can also relate to a driver parameter.
- a specific driver can be recognized in the vehicle via a driver recognition function. This can, for example, have certain preferences for a ferry operation, similar to a fixed selected driving operating mode. If an economical driver is recognized (even temporarily), K1 sailing is preferred, for the same reasons as described above for ECO mode. Otherwise K0 sailing is preferred.
- the preferences of a specific driver can be different for different types of roads or in and out of town, for example. Then preferably for the decision which of the clutches is to be opened in sailing mode, in addition to Driver parameters a location parameter (environmental parameters) are taken into account.
- Another environmental parameter can relate to a roadway condition, which can be characterized, for example, by a coefficient of friction. If the coefficient of friction is low, e.g. in winter, when the road is wet or dirty, K0 sailing is preferred. K0 sailing minimizes the number of coupling processes. This is an advantage, since coupling processes also mean a non-uniform torque curve on the wheel, which in the event of a low coefficient of friction on the road could lead to a loss of wheel grip.
- the decision as to which clutch is to be opened for coasting operation can then be made, for example, by comparing the coefficient of friction of the road with a predetermined threshold value. If the coefficient of friction is below the threshold value, K0 sailing is selected.
- Another possible condition parameter is the vehicle weight:
- the vehicle weight can be compared with a predetermined threshold value, for example.
- a control device in a motor vehicle with a P2 hybrid drive train which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention, is a further independent aspect of the invention.
- the control device can, for example, be a controller for the entire drive train or a separate control unit for the hybrid module.
- a vehicle with a control device according to the invention is a further independent aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 1 a P2 hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle for carrying out the method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a flow chart showing the sequence of the method according to the invention according to a first embodiment variant
- FIG. 3 A motor vehicle with a P2 flybridge drive train and a control unit for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention can be used in the P2 flybridge drive train (1) according to FIG.
- the internal combustion engine (10) is connected to the electric traction machine (11) via a clutch (KO).
- the clutch (KO) is arranged between the electric traction machine (11) and the transmission (12). From the gear (12), the drive force is transmitted to the axle (14) and the wheels (15) via a differential gear (13).
- the vehicle travels at a speed v.
- a status parameter is determined before the start of a sailing operation. The status parameter is used to decide whether clutch K1 or KO should be opened for coasting operation. In the last step, the opening KO or K1 is opened to start sailing.
- a motor vehicle with a controller according to the invention is shown in FIG. The vehicle also includes a drive train according to FIG. 1 (not shown in FIG. 3).
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for coasting operation of a hybrid drivetrain (1) for a motor vehicle, in which an internal combustion engine (10) is separably connected through a first clutch (K0) to an electric traction motor (11), and the electric traction motor (11) for its part is separably connected via a second clutch (K1) to a transmission, wherein, for coasting operation, either the first clutch (K0) or the second clutch (K1) is disengaged and the decision as to which of the two clutches is disengaged is made as a function of one or more state parameters.
Description
Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Segelbetrieb eines Hybridantriebs Method for sailing operation of a hybrid drive
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren für einen Segelbetrieb für Hybridsysteme in einem Kraftfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Steuergerät und ein Kraftfahrzeug. The invention relates to a method for sailing operation for hybrid systems in a motor vehicle according to the preamble of independent claim 1 as well as a control device and a motor vehicle.
Ein Hybridsystem in einem Kraftfahrzeug weist sowohl einen Verbrennungsmotor als auch eine elektrische Maschine als Traktionsmaschine auf. Solche Hybridantriebe werden auch Hybridelektrische Antriebe bezeichnet. Sowohl die elektrische Maschine als auch der Verbrennungsmotor können jeweils allein oder gemeinsam zum Antrieb des Fahrzeugs verwendet werden, und werden daher jeweils als Traktionsmaschinen bezeichnet. Systeme bei denen die elektrische Traktionsmaschine (E-Maschine) zwischen Verbrennungsmotor und Getriebe angeordnet ist, mit je einer Kupplung (K0) zum Verbrennungsmotor als auch zum Getriebe (K1), werden in dieser Anmeldung als P2_Hybridsysteme bezeichnet. Ein solches Hybridsystem ist beispielhaft in Figur 1 dargestellt. Die Erfindung betrifft den Betrieb eines P2-Hybridsystems. Die zwischen Verbrennungsmotor und Getriebe befindlichen Komponenten mit Elektrischer Maschine werden manchmal auch als Hybridmodul bezeichnet. A hybrid system in a motor vehicle has both an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine as a traction machine. Such hybrid drives are also referred to as hybrid electric drives. Both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine can each be used alone or together to drive the vehicle, and are therefore each referred to as traction machines. Systems in which the electric traction machine (e-machine) is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the transmission, each with a clutch (K0) to the internal combustion engine and to the transmission (K1), are referred to in this application as P2_Hybridsysteme. Such a hybrid system is shown as an example in FIG. The invention relates to the operation of a P2 hybrid system. The electrical machine components located between the internal combustion engine and the transmission are sometimes also referred to as hybrid modules.
Um Kraftstoff- bzw. Energie-Verbrauch und Emissionen einzusparen ist in modernen Fahrzeugen häufig ein Segelbetrieb vorgesehen. Bei einem Segelbetrieb, der auch als „Coasten“ oder „Coasting“ (engl.) bezeichnet wird, ist der Antriebsstrang offen. Dies kann bei einem P2-Hybridsystem durch Öffnen der Kupplung K0 oder alternativ der Kupplung K1 erfolgen. Beide Varianten haben unterschiedliche Vor- und Nachteile. In order to save fuel or energy consumption and emissions, a sailing operation is often provided in modern vehicles. In a sailing operation, which is also referred to as "coasting" or "coasting", the drive train is open. In the case of a P2 hybrid system, this can be done by opening clutch K0 or, alternatively, clutch K1. Both variants have different advantages and disadvantages.
Beim Segelbetrieb über eine geöffnete K0 Kupplung bleibt die K1 Kupplung geschlossen. Die elektrische Maschine ist durch die Kupplung K1 mit der Getriebeeingangswelle gekoppelt und läuft mit.
Vorteile des Segelbetriebs über eine offene Kupplung KO (und geschlossene K1 Kupplung) sind schnelle Responsezeiten durch Vermeidung von Umkuppelvorgängen z.B. beim Übergang zwischen Segelbetrieb und rein elektrischem Fahren. Auf eine Synchronisation kann verzichtet werden. Durch die geschlossene K1 Kupplung ist auch jederzeit eine Rekuperation (Rückgewinnung der Bremsenergie durch die elektrische Maschine) beim Bremsen möglich. Beim Starten des Verbrennungsmotors führt die Ausnutzung der Rotationsenergie von Hybridmodul und elektrischer Maschine zu einem schnelleren Start des Verbrennungsmotors. When sailing with an open K0 clutch, the K1 clutch remains closed. The electric machine is coupled to the transmission input shaft by clutch K1 and runs with it. The advantages of coasting operation via an open KO clutch (and closed K1 clutch) are fast response times by avoiding changeover processes, for example when changing between coasting operation and purely electric driving. There is no need for synchronization. Thanks to the closed K1 clutch, recuperation (recovery of braking energy by the electrical machine) is possible at any time when braking. When the internal combustion engine is started, the use of the rotational energy of the hybrid module and the electric machine leads to a faster start of the internal combustion engine.
Nachteilig beim Segelbetrieb über eine offene Kupplung K0 und geschlossene K1 Kupplung sind erhöhte Reibverluste im Antriebsstrang durch die Reibung im Hybridmodul, da die elektrische Maschine immer mitläuft. The disadvantage of coasting operation via an open clutch K0 and a closed K1 clutch are increased friction losses in the drive train due to the friction in the hybrid module, since the electrical machine is always running.
Ein Vorteil des K1-Segelns mit geöffneter K1 Kupplung ist entsprechend ein geringerer Reibungsverlust. One advantage of K1 sailing with the K1 clutch disengaged is correspondingly lower friction loss.
Bekannte Systeme zum Segelbetrieb sind auf eine der beiden Kupplungen K1 oder K0 festgelegt. D.h. zum Segelbetrieb wird jedes mal die gleiche Kupplung geöffnet. Known systems for sailing operation are set to one of the two clutches K1 or K0. This means that the same clutch is opened every time for sailing operation.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem die genannten Nachteile vermieden werden können. The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie durch ein Steuergerät zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 8 und eine Kraftfahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 9. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. The object is achieved by a method for operating a hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle according to claim 1 and by a control unit for performing the method according to the invention according to claim 8 and a motor vehicle according to claim 9. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs für ein Kraftfahrzeug, bei welchem eine Abtriebswelle einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine über eine erste Kupplung K0 mit einer Welle einer elektrischen Traktionsmaschine lösbar verbindbar ist, und die Welle der elektrischen Traktionsmaschine ihrerseits über mindestens eine zweite Kupplung K1 mit mindestens einer
Getriebeeingangswelle lösbar verbindbar ist, sieht vor, dass für einen Wechsel in einen Segelbetrieb des Hybridantriebstrangs die erste Kupplung KO oder die mindestens eine zweite Kupplung K1 geöffnet wird, wobei in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Zustandsparametern entschieden wird, ob die erste Kupplung KO oder die mindestens eine zweite Kupplung K1 geöffnet wird. The inventive method for operating a hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle, in which an output shaft of an internal combustion engine can be detachably connected to a shaft of an electric traction machine via a first clutch K0, and the shaft of the electric traction machine in turn via at least one second clutch K1 with at least one Transmission input shaft is releasably connectable, provides that the first clutch KO or the at least one second clutch K1 is disengaged for a change to coasting mode of the hybrid drive train, with a decision being made as a function of one or more state parameters whether the first clutch KO or the at least a second clutch K1 is opened.
Bei dem Hybridantriebsstrang für die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann die Welle der elektrischen Maschine direkt oder indirekt über die Kupplungen KO und K1 mit der Abtriebswelle des Verbrennungsmotors bzw. der Eingangswelle des Getriebes lösbar verbindbar sein. Eine direkte Verbindung kann beispielsweise bestehen, wenn die Wellen koaxial verlaufen und die Wellen direkt über die Kupplungen miteinander verbunden werden. Es ist aber beispielsweise auch eine Anordnung möglich, bei der die Welle der elektrischen Maschine parallel zur Abtriebswelle der VM angeordnet ist. Dann kann die Verbindung zusätzlich zur Kupplung K1 bzw. K0 indirekt über einen Riementrieb oder eine Zahnradstufe erfolgen. In the hybrid drive train for the application of the method according to the invention, the shaft of the electrical machine can be releasably connectable directly or indirectly via the clutches KO and K1 to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine or the input shaft of the transmission. A direct connection can exist, for example, if the shafts run coaxially and the shafts are connected to one another directly via the couplings. However, an arrangement is also possible, for example, in which the shaft of the electrical machine is arranged parallel to the output shaft of the VM. Then, in addition to clutch K1 or K0, the connection can be made indirectly via a belt drive or a gear stage.
Die Erfindung ist auch anwendbar für Hybridantriebsstränge mit Doppelkupplungsgetriebe. Bei Hybridantriebssträngen mit einem Doppelkupplungsgetriebe können zwei zweite Kupplungen K1 und zwei Getriebeeingangswellen vorhanden sein, die dann beispielsweise parallel angeordnet sind. In diesem Fall sind für den Segel- oder anderen Betrieb mit geöffneter Kupplung K1 jeweils beide zweiten Kupplungen K1 gleich zu öffnen. D.h. beide zweiten Kupplungen K1 sind bzw. werden geöffnet. Für einen Segel- oder anderen Betrieb mit geschlossener zweiter Kupplung K1 ist bzw. wird dann mindestens eine der beiden zweiten Kupplungen geschlossen. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen ist jedoch in der Regel nur eine zweite Kupplung K1 und eine Getriebeeingangswelle vorhanden. The invention can also be used for hybrid drive trains with dual clutch transmissions. In hybrid drive trains with a dual clutch transmission, there can be two second clutches K1 and two transmission input shafts, which are then arranged, for example, in parallel. In this case, both second clutches K1 are to be opened equally for sailing or other operation with the clutch K1 disengaged. I.e. both second clutches K1 are or will be opened. For sailing or other operation with the second clutch K1 closed, at least one of the two second clutches is then closed. In other embodiments, however, there is generally only one second clutch K1 and one transmission input shaft.
Im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung sollen alle beschriebenen Maßnahmen betreffend die zweite Kupplung K1 analog für Ausführungsbeispiele mit einer einzelnen zweiten Kupplung K1 und einer einzelnen Getriebeeingangswelle als auch für Ausführungen mit Doppelkupplungsgetriebe mit zwei Getriebeeingangswellen und
zwei zweiten Kupplungen K1 gelten. Grundsätzlich sind auch Ausführungsformen mit mehr als zwei zweiten Kupplungen K1 und Getriebeeingangswellen denkbar und von der Erfindung mit umfasst. In the context of this application, all the measures described relating to the second clutch K1 are intended to be analogous to embodiments with a single second clutch K1 and a single transmission input shaft as well as for versions with a double clutch transmission with two transmission input shafts and two second clutches K1 apply. In principle, embodiments with more than two second clutches K1 and transmission input shafts are also conceivable and encompassed by the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß wird also für den Segelbetrieb entweder die erste Kupplung KO oder die mindestens eine zweite Kupplung K1 geöffnet, wobei die Entscheidung, welche der Kupplungen geöffnet wird, in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Zustandsparametern getroffen wird. According to the invention, either the first clutch KO or the at least one second clutch K1 is disengaged for coasting operation, the decision as to which of the clutches is disengaged being made as a function of one or more state parameters.
Ein möglicher Ausgangszustand für den erfindungsgemäßem Segelbetrieb ist, dass sich das Fahrzeug in einem ersten Betriebsmodus mit einer Geschwindigkeit (v) fortbewegt und durch die elektrische Maschine und/oder die Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetrieben wird. Dabei ist üblicherweise zumindest die zweite Kupplung (K1 ) geschlossen oder beide Kupplungen (K1 ) und (K0) sind geschlossen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Segelbetrieb ist aber prinzipiell auch aus dem Stand des Fahrzeuges möglich, wenn dieses beispielsweise an einem Gefälle anrollt. Dies kann dann auch aus einem Zustand mit geöffneter Kupplung K1 erfolgen. A possible starting state for the sailing operation according to the invention is that the vehicle is moving in a first operating mode at a speed (v) and is driven by the electrical machine and / or the internal combustion engine. Usually at least the second clutch (K1) is closed or both clutches (K1) and (K0) are closed. The method according to the invention for sailing operation is in principle also possible when the vehicle is stationary, for example when it is rolling on a slope. This can then also take place from a state with the clutch K1 open.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass in manchen Situationen K1- Segeln (Segeln mit geöffneter Kupplung K1) günstiger ist. In anderen Situationen ist K0-Segeln (Segeln mit geöffneter Kupplung K0) günstiger. The invention is based on the knowledge that in some situations K1 sailing (sailing with the clutch K1 disengaged) is more favorable. In other situations K0 sailing (sailing with the clutch K0 open) is cheaper.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird also der Segelbetrieb situationsabhängig entweder mit der K0 oder mit der K1 Kupplung durchgeführt. According to the present invention, the coasting operation is therefore carried out, depending on the situation, either with the K0 or with the K1 clutch.
Die verschiedenen Situationen werden durch ein oder mehrere Zustandsparameter charakterisiert. Vorzugsweise werden vor dem Wechsel in einen Segelbetrieb der eine oder die mehreren Zustandsparameter (P) ermittelt. The different situations are characterized by one or more state parameters. The one or more state parameters (P) are preferably determined before changing to sailing mode.
Grundsätzlich ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch aus einem bereits laufenden Segelbetrieb möglich. Nach Ermittlung eines Zustandsparameters kann beispielsweise auch ein Wechsel zwischen einem K0-Segeln und einem K1 -Segeln
gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erfolgen. Daher kann es vorzugsweise vorgesehen sein, dass der oder die Zustandsparameter laufend ermittelt werden. In principle, the method according to the invention is also possible from an already running sailing operation. After determining a status parameter, a change between K0 sailing and K1 sailing can also be made, for example take place according to the method according to the invention. It can therefore preferably be provided that the state parameter (s) is / are continuously determined.
Der oder die Zustandsparameter kann einen oder mehrere Fahrzeugparameter, Umfeldparameter, Fahrerparameter und/oder Diagnoseparameter umfassen. The state parameter (s) can include one or more vehicle parameters, environment parameters, driver parameters and / or diagnostic parameters.
Fahrzeugparameter können beispielsweise eine oder mehrere Informationen über eine Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, eine Fahrzeugmasse oder einen Fahrbetriebsmodus umfassen. Vehicle parameters can include, for example, one or more pieces of information about a vehicle speed, a vehicle mass or a driving operating mode.
Ein Umfeldparameter kann eine oder mehrere Informationen über eine Fahrzeugposition, d.h. einen Ortsparameter, eine Witterungszustand und/oder einen Fahrbahnzustand umfassen. An environmental parameter can include one or more pieces of information about a vehicle position, i.e. a location parameter, a weather condition and / or a road condition.
Ein Fahrerparameter beinhaltet beispielsweise Informationen über Vorlieben eines momentanen Fahrers des Fahrzeuges. Beispielsweise, ob der Fahrer eine sportliche oder eine energieeffiziente Fahrweise bevorzugt. A driver parameter contains, for example, information about the preferences of a current driver of the vehicle. For example, whether the driver prefers a sporty or an energy-efficient driving style.
Ein Diagnoseparameter kann beispielsweise angeben, ob eine der beiden Kupplungen defekt ist und sich beispielsweise nicht mehr öffnen lässt. A diagnostic parameter can, for example, indicate whether one of the two clutches is defective and can no longer be opened, for example.
In diesem Fall kann durch die anhand des Diagnoseparameters entschieden werden, dass die andere Kupplung geöffnet werden muss. Somit ist sogar in diesem Fehlerfall noch ein Segelbetrieb als Fail-safe Option möglich. Der Diagnoseparameter wird beispielsweise durch ein Kupplungssteuergerät erkannt. Die Kupplungssteuerung kann Teil einer Flybridmodulsteuerung oder einer Steuerung des Antriebsstrangs sein. In this case, the diagnostic parameter can be used to decide that the other clutch must be opened. This means that sailing operation is still possible as a fail-safe option even in the event of a fault. The diagnostic parameter is recognized, for example, by a clutch control device. The clutch control can be part of a flybridge module control or a control of the drive train.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zur Entscheidung, welche Kupplung für den Segelbetrieb zu öffnen ist, der eine oder mehrere Zustandsparameter mit einem oder mehreren vorgegebenen Schwellenwerten verglichen.
Falls mehrere Zustandsparameter berücksichtigt werden, kann eine Gewichtung der verschiedenen Zustandsparameter vorgesehen sein, damit eine einheitliche Entscheidung ermöglicht wird. According to a preferred development of the method according to the invention, in order to decide which clutch is to be opened for coasting operation, the one or more state parameters are compared with one or more predetermined threshold values. If several status parameters are taken into account, a weighting of the different status parameters can be provided so that a uniform decision is made possible.
Gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel betrifft der Zustandsparameter eine momentane Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit v. Die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit kann beispielsweise mit einem vorbestimmten Schwellenwert verglichen werden. Liegt die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit unter dem Schwellenwert, liegt eine niedrige Geschwindigkeit vor und die Kupplung K0 wird zum Segelbetrieb geöffnet. Liegt die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit über dem Schwellenwert, wird die Kupplung K1 geöffnet. Kleine Geschwindigkeiten bedeuten bei Hybridantrieben in der Regel einen hohen Anteil von rein elektrischem Fahren, wozu die KO jeweils geöffnet sein muss. Darüber hinaus bedeuten kleine Geschwindigkeiten auch häufige Wechsel zwischen Segelbetrieb, elektrischem Fahren und hybridischem Fahren mit Verbrennungsmotor d.h. es müssen schnelle Zustandswechsel möglich sein. According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the state parameter relates to a current vehicle speed v. The vehicle speed can be compared with a predetermined threshold value, for example. If the vehicle speed is below the threshold value, the speed is low and the clutch K0 is opened for coasting operation. If the vehicle speed is above the threshold value, clutch K1 is opened. With hybrid drives, low speeds usually mean a high proportion of purely electric driving, for which the KO must be open. In addition, low speeds also mean frequent changes between sailing operation, electric driving and hybrid driving with a combustion engine, i.e. rapid changes in status must be possible.
Bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten ist dagegen der elektrische Fahranteil geringer und die Dynamik der Zustandswechsel weniger wichtig, so dass es sinnvoll ist, die im Vergleich geringeren Verluste des K1-Segelns zu nutzen. At high speeds, on the other hand, the electric driving component is lower and the dynamics of the state change are less important, so that it makes sense to use the comparatively lower losses of K1 sailing.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich wird die Fahrzeugposition als Zustandsparameter betrachtet. Befindet sich das Fahrzeug innerorts beispielsweise im Stadtverkehr wird bevorzugt das K0-Segeln gewählt, da üblicherweise mit geringeren Geschwindigkeiten gefahren wird und ggf. auch häufigere Zustandswechsel Vorkommen. Alternatively or additionally, the vehicle position is viewed as a status parameter. If the vehicle is in urban areas, for example in city traffic, K0 sailing is preferred because it is usually driven at lower speeds and there may also be more frequent changes in status.
Im Überlandverkehr bzw. außerorts und auf Autobahnen wird bevorzugt K1 -Segeln eingesetzt, da hier gewöhnlich mit höheren Geschwindigkeiten gefahren wird. K1 sailing is preferred for cross-country traffic or out of town and on motorways, as the speed at which the vehicle is usually driven is higher.
In „Zero-Emission-Zones“ (d.h. Verkehrszonen, in denen keine Emissionen ausgestoßen werden dürfen) kommt das K0-Segeln zum Einsatz, da der Verbrennungsmotor gar nicht gestartet werden darf. D.h. in solchen Zonen kommen nur elektrisches Fahren und Segeln zur Anwendung.
Die Fahrzeugposition kann beispielsweise über ein Satellitengestütztes Ortungssystem wie z.B. GPS ermittelt werden. K0 sailing is used in “zero emission zones” (ie traffic zones in which no emissions may be emitted) because the combustion engine is not allowed to be started at all. This means that only electric driving and sailing are used in such zones. The vehicle position can be determined, for example, via a satellite-supported positioning system such as GPS.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann ein Fahrbetriebsmodus als Zustandsparameter betrachtet werden. In einem Fahrzeug kann beispielsweise je nach Fahrerwunsch ein ECO-Modus (energieeffizienter) Modus ausgewählt sein. In diesem Fall wird der K1 -Segelbetrieb, bevorzugt eingesetzt, da sich dabei die elektrische Maschine und das Flybridmodul nicht mitdrehen, was zu geringeren Reibungsverlusten führt. Alternatively or additionally, a driving mode can be viewed as a status parameter. In a vehicle, for example, an ECO mode (energy-efficient) mode can be selected depending on the driver's wishes. In this case, the K1 sailing mode is preferred because the electric machine and the flybridge module do not rotate, which leads to lower friction losses.
Wenn dagegen im Fahrzeug ein Klimatisierungsmodus, oder ein Performance-Modus (d.h. es wird eine höhere Performance des Antriebs gewünscht) ausgewählt ist, wird vorzugsweise das K0-Segeln ausgewählt. Im Performance Modus wird beispielsweise eine hohe Dynamik bei Zustandswechseln vom Fahrer gewünscht (d.h. eine kleinere Response Time). Dann wird vorzugsweise K0-Segeln eingesetzt. If, on the other hand, an air conditioning mode or a performance mode (i.e. a higher drive performance is desired) is selected in the vehicle, K0 sailing is preferably selected. In the performance mode, for example, a high level of dynamics is required by the driver when there are changes in status (i.e. a shorter response time). Then K0 sailing is preferred.
Auch im Klimatisierungsmodus ist das K0-Segeln bevorzugt: Wenn ein mechanischer Klimakompressor parallel zur elektrischen Maschine am oder im Hybridmodul montiert ist, kann auch während des K0-Segelns die Klimaanlage aus der Fahrzeugmasse heraus angetrieben werden. K0 sailing is also preferred in air conditioning mode: If a mechanical air conditioning compressor is mounted on or in the hybrid module parallel to the electrical machine, the air conditioning can also be driven from the vehicle mass during K0 sailing.
Der Zustandsparameter kann auch einen Fahrerparameter betreffen. Beispielsweise kann im Fahrzeug über eine Fahrererkennungsfunktion ein bestimmter Fahrer erkannt werden. Dieser kann beispielsweise bestimmte Vorlieben für einen Fährbetrieb haben, ähnlich wie bei einem festen gewählten Fahrbetriebsmodus. Wenn ein ökonomischer Fahrer erkannt wird (auch temporär), wird bevorzugt das K1 -Segeln gewählt, aus denselben Gründen, wie oben beim ECO-Modus beschrieben. Ansonsten wird K0-Segeln bevorzugt. Im Unterschied zu einem festen gewählten Fahrbetriebsmodus, können die Vorlieben eines bestimmten Fahrers beispielsweise unterschiedlich für verschiedene Straßentypen oder innerorts und außerorts sein. Dann kann vorzugsweise für die Entscheidung, welche der Kupplungen im Segelbetrieb zu öffnen ist, zusätzlich zum
Fahrerparameter ein Ortsparameter (Umfeldparameter) berücksichtigt werden. The state parameter can also relate to a driver parameter. For example, a specific driver can be recognized in the vehicle via a driver recognition function. This can, for example, have certain preferences for a ferry operation, similar to a fixed selected driving operating mode. If an economical driver is recognized (even temporarily), K1 sailing is preferred, for the same reasons as described above for ECO mode. Otherwise K0 sailing is preferred. In contrast to a fixed selected driving operating mode, the preferences of a specific driver can be different for different types of roads or in and out of town, for example. Then preferably for the decision which of the clutches is to be opened in sailing mode, in addition to Driver parameters a location parameter (environmental parameters) are taken into account.
Ein anderer Umfeldparameter, kann einen Fahrbahnzustand betreffen, welcher beispielsweise charakterisiert werden kann durch einen Reibwert. Bei einem geringen Reibwert, z.B. im Winter, bei Nässe oder Verschmutzung der Fahrbahn wird das K0-Segeln bevorzugt. Durch K0-Segeln wird die Zahl der Umkuppelvorgänge minimiert. Dies ist von Vorteil, da Umkuppelvorgänge auch einen ungleichförmigen Momentverlauf am Rad bedeuten, der im Fall eines geringen Reibwerts auf der Straße zum Verlust der Radhaftung führen könnte. Die Entscheidung, welche Kupplung für den Segelbetrieb zu öffnen ist, kann dann beispielweise getroffen werden, indem der Reibwert der Straße mit einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert verglichen wird. Liegt der Reibwert unterhalb des Schwellenwerts, wird das K0-Segeln ausgewählt. Another environmental parameter can relate to a roadway condition, which can be characterized, for example, by a coefficient of friction. If the coefficient of friction is low, e.g. in winter, when the road is wet or dirty, K0 sailing is preferred. K0 sailing minimizes the number of coupling processes. This is an advantage, since coupling processes also mean a non-uniform torque curve on the wheel, which in the event of a low coefficient of friction on the road could lead to a loss of wheel grip. The decision as to which clutch is to be opened for coasting operation can then be made, for example, by comparing the coefficient of friction of the road with a predetermined threshold value. If the coefficient of friction is below the threshold value, K0 sailing is selected.
Ein weiterer möglicher Zustandsparameter ist das Fahrzeuggewicht: Another possible condition parameter is the vehicle weight:
Bei einem Fahrzeug mit hoher Masse wird bergab und in der Ebene bevorzugt das K0-Segeln ausgewählt, da hier (Leistungs-)Verluste eine kleinere Rolle spielen. Auch hier kann das Fahrzeuggewicht beispielsweise mit einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert verglichen werden. In the case of a vehicle with a high mass, downhill and on the flat, K0 sailing is preferred, since (power) losses play a smaller role here. Here, too, the vehicle weight can be compared with a predetermined threshold value, for example.
Ein Steuergerät in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem P2-Hybridantriebsstrang, welches eingerichtet ist, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchzuführen, ist ein weiterer unabhängiger Aspekt der Erfindung. Das Steuergerät kann beispielsweise eine Steuerung des gesamten Antriebsstrangs oder eine separate Steuereinheit für das Hybridmodul sein. Ein Fahrzeug mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Steuergerät ist ein weiterer unabhängiger Aspekt der Erfindung. A control device in a motor vehicle with a P2 hybrid drive train, which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention, is a further independent aspect of the invention. The control device can, for example, be a controller for the entire drive train or a separate control unit for the hybrid module. A vehicle with a control device according to the invention is a further independent aspect of the invention.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung weiter erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch: In the following, the invention is explained further with reference to the drawing. They show schematically:
Figur 1 : einen P2-Hybridantriebsstrang für ein Kraftfahrzeug zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;
Figur 2: Ein Ablaufdiagramm, das den Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante zeigt; und FIG. 1: a P2 hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle for carrying out the method according to the invention; FIG. 2: a flow chart showing the sequence of the method according to the invention according to a first embodiment variant; and
Figur 3: Ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem P2-Flybridantriebsstrang und einem Steuergerät zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. FIG. 3: A motor vehicle with a P2 flybridge drive train and a control unit for carrying out the method according to the invention.
In dem P2-Flybridantriebsstrang (1) gemäß Figur 1 kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren angewendet werden. Der Verbrennungsmotor (10) ist über eine Kupplung (KO) mit der elektrischen Traktionsmaschine (11) verbunden. Zwischen der elektrischen Traktionsmaschine (11) und dem Getriebe (12) ist die Kupplung (KO) angeordnet. Von dem Getriebe (12) wird die Antriebskraft über ein Differentialgetriebe (13) an die Achse (14) und die Räder (15) geleitet. The method according to the invention can be used in the P2 flybridge drive train (1) according to FIG. The internal combustion engine (10) is connected to the electric traction machine (11) via a clutch (KO). The clutch (KO) is arranged between the electric traction machine (11) and the transmission (12). From the gear (12), the drive force is transmitted to the axle (14) and the wheels (15) via a differential gear (13).
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Figur 2) fährt das Fahrzeug mit einer Geschwindigkeit v. Vor Beginn einer Segelbetriebs wird ein Zustandsparameter ermittelt. Anhand des Zustandsparameters wird entschieden, ob für den Segelbetrieb die Kupplung K1 oder KO geöffnet werden soll. Im letzten Schritt wird die Öffnung KO oder K1 geöffnet zum Start eines Segelbetriebs. Ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Steuerung ist in Figur 3 dargestellt. Das Fahrzeug umfasst außerdem einen Antriebsstrang gemäß Figur 1 (in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt).
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention (FIG. 2), the vehicle travels at a speed v. A status parameter is determined before the start of a sailing operation. The status parameter is used to decide whether clutch K1 or KO should be opened for coasting operation. In the last step, the opening KO or K1 is opened to start sailing. A motor vehicle with a controller according to the invention is shown in FIG. The vehicle also includes a drive train according to FIG. 1 (not shown in FIG. 3).
Claims
1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1 ) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, bei welchem eine Abtriebswelle einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (10) über eine erste Kupplung (KO) mit einer Welle einer elektrischen Traktionsmaschine (11) lösbar verbindbar ist, und die Welle der elektrische Traktionsmaschine (11) ihrerseits über mindestens eine zweite Kupplung (K1) mit mindestens einer Getriebeeingangswelle lösbar verbindbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für einen Wechsel in einen Segelbetrieb des Hybridantriebstrangs (1) die erste Kupplung (KO) oder die mindestens eine zweite Kupplung (K1) geöffnet wird, wobei in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Zustandsparametern entschieden wird, welche der Kupplungen (K1) oder (KO) geöffnet wird. 1. A method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) for a motor vehicle, in which an output shaft of an internal combustion engine (10) can be detachably connected to a shaft of an electric traction machine (11) via a first clutch (KO), and the shaft of the electric traction machine ( 11) is in turn releasably connectable to at least one transmission input shaft via at least one second clutch (K1), characterized in that the first clutch (KO) or the at least one second clutch (K1) is opened for a change to sailing mode of the hybrid drive train (1) is decided depending on one or more state parameters, which of the clutches (K1) or (KO) is opened.
2. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1 ) gemäß Anspruch 1 , wobei vor dem Wechsel in einen Segelbetrieb der eine oder die mehreren Zustandsparameter (P) ermittelt werden. 2. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to claim 1, wherein the one or more state parameters (P) are determined before changing to a sailing mode.
3. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei der oder die Zustandsparameter einen oder mehrere Fahrzeugparameter, Umfeldparameter, Fahrerparameter und/oder Diagnoseparameter beinhaltet. 3. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the state parameter or parameters includes one or more vehicle parameters, environmental parameters, driver parameters and / or diagnostic parameters.
4. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1 ) gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei Fahrzeugparameter, eine oder mehrere Informationen über eine Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit (v), eine Fahrzeugmasse (m), oder einen Fahrzeugmodus (M) beinhaltet. 4. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to claim 3, wherein vehicle parameters, one or more pieces of information about a vehicle speed (v), a vehicle mass (m), or a vehicle mode (M).
5. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1) gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei ein Umfeldparameter eine oder mehrere Informationen über eine Fahrzeugposition, Witterungsbedingungen und/oder einen Fahrbahnzustand beinhaltet.
5. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to claim 3, wherein an environmental parameter contains one or more pieces of information about a vehicle position, weather conditions and / or a roadway condition.
6. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1) gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei ein Fahrerparameter mindestens eine Information über Vorlieben eines momentanen Fahrers des Fahrzeuges beinhaltet. 6. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to claim 3, wherein a driver parameter contains at least one item of information about preferences of a current driver of the vehicle.
7. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridantriebsstrangs (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Zustandsparameter mit einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert verglichen wird. 7. The method for operating a hybrid drive train (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one state parameter is compared with a predetermined threshold value.
8. Steuergerät (21) in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Hybridantriebsstrang, bei welchem eine Abtriebswelle einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (10) über eine erste Kupplung (K0) mit einer Welle einer elektrischen Traktionsmaschine (11 ) lösbar verbindbar ist, und die Welle der elektrische Traktionsmaschine (11 ) ihrerseits über mindestens eine zweite Kupplung (K1) mit mindestens einer Getriebeeingangswelle lösbar verbindbar ist, und welches eingerichtet ist, ein Verfahren gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche durchzuführen. 8. Control device (21) in a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive train, in which an output shaft of an internal combustion engine (10) can be detachably connected to a shaft of an electric traction machine (11) via a first clutch (K0), and the shaft of the electric traction machine (11) ) in turn can be releasably connected to at least one transmission input shaft via at least one second clutch (K1), and which is set up to carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims.
9. Kraftfahrzeug (20) mit einem Hybridantriebsstrang (1), bei welchem eine Abtriebswelle einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (10) über eine erste Kupplung (K0) mit einer Welle einer elektrischen Traktionsmaschine (11) lösbar verbindbar ist, und die Welle der elektrische Traktionsmaschine (11) ihrerseits über mindestens eine zweite Kupplung (K1) mit mindestens einer Getriebeeingangswelle lösbar verbindbar ist, und einem Steuergerät (21) gemäß Anspruch 8.
9. Motor vehicle (20) with a hybrid drive train (1), in which an output shaft of an internal combustion engine (10) can be detachably connected to a shaft of an electric traction machine (11) via a first clutch (K0), and the shaft of the electric traction machine (11) ) in turn can be releasably connected to at least one transmission input shaft via at least one second clutch (K1), and a control device (21) according to claim 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019220218.7A DE102019220218A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Adapted sailing strategy for P2 hybrid systems |
PCT/EP2020/086861 WO2021123046A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-12-17 | Method for coasting operation of a hybrid drive |
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EP4077010A1 true EP4077010A1 (en) | 2022-10-26 |
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EP20838941.1A Pending EP4077010A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-12-17 | Method for coasting operation of a hybrid drive |
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US (1) | US20230018941A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4077010A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114786982A (en) |
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DE102022124955A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Electrically operable axle drive train, method for controlling an axle drive train, computer program product and control unit for controlling an axle drive train |
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US10259448B2 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2019-04-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid vehicle propulsion systems and methods |
US20190232950A1 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-01 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid powertrain system |
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- 2020-12-17 WO PCT/EP2020/086861 patent/WO2021123046A1/en unknown
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DE102019220218A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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