EP4060694A1 - Actuating magnet - Google Patents
Actuating magnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4060694A1 EP4060694A1 EP22158762.9A EP22158762A EP4060694A1 EP 4060694 A1 EP4060694 A1 EP 4060694A1 EP 22158762 A EP22158762 A EP 22158762A EP 4060694 A1 EP4060694 A1 EP 4060694A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuating
- magnet armature
- magnet
- armature
- pole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
- H01F2007/085—Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
- H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
Definitions
- the invention relates to an actuating magnet with a coil device that can be energized to move a magnet armature within a pole tube in at least one direction.
- Such actuating magnets are also referred to in technical terms as proportional or switching magnets, which are freely available on the market in a large number of designs.
- actuating magnets are used to control the respective valve piston of a hydraulic or pneumatic valve for the purpose of regulating a relevant flow of media between connections of a valve housing in which the valve piston is guided in a longitudinally movable manner.
- An example is here on a proportional pressure control valve after DE 10 2011 018 873 A1 referred to with a valve housing in which the valve piston is guided in a guide so that it can be moved axially and under the action of an actuating magnet for the valve piston that can be energized and a restoring device that exerts a spring force and acts on the valve piston against the applied magnetic force of the actuating magnet, a media flow at least between two media connections installed in the valve housing.
- the valve piston By activating the actuating magnet, i.e. energizing its coil arrangement, the valve piston establishes the medium-carrying connection between the named connections, taking into account the prevailing forces, on the basis of the prevailing pressures multiplied by the respective pressure-effective areas, the spring force, the flow forces and the magnetic force.
- a media pressure present at at least one of the media connections in the valve housing, multiplied by a pressure-effective area on the valve piston, is in equilibrium with the prevailing actuating force of the actuating magnet, so that a more or less balanced force-displacement characteristic curve for the Actuating magnet can specify.
- an actuating magnet in particular in the form of a proportional magnet or switching magnet, with a magnet armature, which is guided in an axially movable manner in a pole sleeve that is at least partially surrounded by a coil winding as part of a pole tube, to which a magnetic decoupling forming separation region is connected, which is also can be filled with a non-magnetic material, a pole core or pole piece connects as a further part of the pole tube, whereby when the coil winding is energized, a magnetic force acts on the armature, which pushes it within a displacement space as part of an armature space in the sense of a "pressing magnet” in the direction moved towards the pole piece.
- the known solution is characterized in that at least one, preferably ring-shaped, insert made of ferromagnetic material of predetermined axial thickness can be introduced between the armature and the pole piece for a desired shortening of the axial length of this cubic capacity. If necessary, several such inserts, also in different thicknesses, can be used in the anchor space.
- the respective insert mentioned is used as a control means for influencing the force-displacement characteristic for the actuating magnet or its magnet armature in the relevant armature space, with the result that, compared to a solution without such an insert, the force increase takes place with a progressively increasing characteristic, i.e. it comes in the direction of full deflection of the armature to an increased force on an actuating plunger of the valve piston, as in the DE 10 2011 018 873 A1 is shown for a proportional pressure control valve, so that such increased actuating forces act on the valve.
- control means for influencing the force-displacement characteristic is introduced in the form of the respective insert in the armature space, in which the magnet armature is guided in a longitudinally movable manner, shortens the free actuation path for the magnet armature and thus reduces the maximum possible displacement path at the same time for the valve piston of a valve connected to the actuating magnet with its media or fluid connections.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of further improving the known valve constructions in such a way that an obvious influencing of the force-displacement characteristic for the magnet armature is made possible, with quickly responding actuation behavior of the respective magnet armature with a small size.
- a pertinent task is solved by an actuating magnet with the features of patent claim 1 in its entirety.
- the magnet armature has at least one control means for influencing the mentioned force-displacement characteristic, at least in the sense of a force reduction at the end of a working stroke, the control means from the armature space are space-saving , as shown in the prior art, moved into the magnet armature.
- the control means of the magnet armature can be optimized in such a way that the magnet armature already returns to its original position when it is not yet has struck the pole core or an anti-adhesive disc arranged on the pole core with its front face, which protects it or even makes it unnecessary. In this way, very force-balanced movements can be achieved for the magnet armature, which benefits the switching dynamics.
- a second, correspondingly polarized coil device can also cause the magnet armature to move back into its unactuated neutral position.
- the respective control means can be introduced into the outer contour of the magnet armature.
- the control means is arranged in a space-saving manner in a component in the form of the magnet armature that is absolutely necessary for the function of the actuating magnet.
- the respective control means can be formed from a control groove running at least in sections in the magnet armature.
- Such control grooves can be introduced into the magnet armature easily and inexpensively using methods known from the prior art, for example by milling or laser cutting.
- the respective control groove can be formed by a circumferential annular groove in the magnet armature, which is introduced into the magnet armature on its outer circumference and/or on an end face thereof.
- a groove introduced on the end face of the magnet armature essentially causes a reduction in force, in particular the maximum force, in the area of the end stroke of the magnet armature, whereas a groove introduced on the outer circumference, in addition to a further reduction in force in the area of the end stroke, in the area of the working stroke causes a longer working stroke distance with a substantially horizontal force-displacement characteristic. It is particularly advantageous to have at least one circumferential annular groove on the outer circumference and on the end face of the magnet armature introduced this.
- the groove introduced on the outer circumference and/or on the end face of the magnet armature can be segmented so that it has at least one interruption.
- the course of the groove can be designed at least partially in the form of a ring and/or partially in the form of a thread.
- the groove can be filled with any type of non-magnetizable material, which increases the rigidity and strength of the magnet armature.
- a plurality of grooves can be provided on the outer circumference and/or on the end face of the magnet armature, which are arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the magnet armature. At least one of the grooves made in the magnet armature on the outer circumference and/or on the end face can differ in terms of its depth from the at least one other groove made in the magnet armature on the outer circumference or on the end face, depending on the type of force-displacement characteristic you want to achieve.
- the pole tube can be formed from a pole sleeve, in particular made of magnetizable steel, which is connected, in particular welded, via a separating ring to a pole piece, in particular made of magnetizable steel, which also limits a magnetic separation between the pole sleeve and the pole piece.
- the circumferential annular groove of the magnet armature can maintain an axial distance from the separating ring when the required actuating force is applied, which preferably corresponds to approximately one to three times, particularly preferably twice the bottom width of the annular groove.
- the annular groove running around the outer circumference of the magnet armature can, viewed in cross-section, be of essentially U-shaped design with walls running in a straight line.
- the depth of the annular groove running around the outer circumference of the magnet armature can essentially correspond to the width of the annular groove.
- the separating ring can transition outwards into two sloping boundary walls, one of which faces the pole sleeve with a greater incline and the other, with a lesser incline in comparison, faces the free end of the confirmation plunger.
- the circumferential annular groove on the outer circumference of the magnet armature can remain behind the separating ring in any travel position of the magnet armature in its force-exerting actuation position.
- the annular groove introduced on the end face of the magnet armature serving as a control groove, can encompass the actuating plunger and be introduced in the region of the outer third of the free end face of the magnet armature, which faces the actuating plunger.
- the cross section of the annular groove can have a straight wall section which is perpendicular to the bottom surface, and an inclined wall section which runs obliquely in the direction of the actuating axis of the magnet armature, preferably at an angle thereto from about 30° to 60° degrees, more preferably from 45° degrees.
- the course of the force-displacement characteristic curve can be adapted to specific purposes of use of the actuating magnet simply by changing one of the above-mentioned parameters of the actuating magnet.
- Actuating magnets known from the prior art are used, for example, to control a valve for the purpose of regulating a media flow between connections provided in the housing of the valve.
- a combination of an actuating magnet and a valve is an example of a proportional pressure control valve according to DE 10 2011 018 873 A1 referred.
- an actuating magnet 10 which has a pole tube 12 in which a magnet armature 14 is guided in an armature space 16 so that it can move axially.
- Pole tube 12 has a pole sleeve 18 and a pole piece 20, each of which is made of magnetizable material, in particular steel, and which are connected to one another via a separating ring 22, which creates a magnetic separation, configured as a recess in pole tube 12, between pole sleeve 18 and the pole piece 20 also limited.
- the recess can be filled with a non-magnetizable material that is not shown in the figures.
- the armature space 16 is delimited by parts of the pole sleeve 18, by the separating ring 22, by parts of the pole piece 20 and a cylindrical connecting piece 24, which is received by the free end 26 of the pole sleeve 18 and closes off the armature space 16 to the outside.
- the actuating magnet 10 To move the magnet armature 14 ( 1 and 2 ) Inside the pole tube 12, at least in the direction of the pole piece 20, the actuating magnet 10 has a coil device 28 with a coil winding 30, which is arranged on the pole tube 12 and can be energized for an actuating process.
- the coil device 28 is at least partially enclosed by a housing 32 which has an annular pole plate 34 enclosing the pole piece 20 .
- actuating plunger 38 Attached to one end of magnet armature 14 is a rod-like actuating part in the form of an actuating plunger 38, aligned coaxially with magnet armature 14, and screwed in particular into magnet armature 14, which extends through a through bore 40 in pole piece 20, so that the part facing away from magnet armature 14 free end 42 of the actuating plunger 38 is accessible for actuating a device not shown in the figures, for example a valve (see DE 10 2011 018 873 A1 ).
- the magnet armature 14 has for influencing a force-displacement characteristic 44, 46, 48 ( 3 ) a control means 50 ( Figure 1A ) in the form of an annular circumferential control groove 54 introduced into its outer circumference 52, which is referred to below as annular groove 54.
- the annular groove 54 formed in the outer circumference 52 of the magnet armature 14 is essentially U-shaped when viewed in cross-section, namely with walls 58 running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 56 of the actuating magnet 10 and arranged parallel to one another, which extend from a coaxial to the Longitudinal axis 56 of the actuating magnet 10 arranged, go out annular bottom surface 60, wherein the depth of the annular groove 54 corresponds to the width of the annular groove 54 substantially.
- the annular groove 54 is formed in an area of the magnet armature 14 which, measured from an end face 62 of the magnet armature 14 with the actuating plunger 38 , extends between one fifth and one third of the overall axial length of the magnet armature 14 .
- the magnet armature 14 like the Figures 1 and 1B can be seen, where the Figure 1B an enlarged view of the in 1 with B designated circular section shows, also for influencing the force-displacement characteristic ( 3 ) a control means 64 ( Figure 1B ) in the form of an annular circumferential control groove 66 introduced into the end face 62 of the magnet armature 14 with the actuating plunger 38, which is referred to below as a further annular groove 66.
- the cross section of the introduced in the end face 62 of the magnet armature 14 further annular groove 66, starting from a bottom surface 68 running parallel to the end face 62 of the magnet armature 14, a rectilinear wall section 70, which is perpendicular to the bottom surface 68, and a sloping wall section 72, which is designed to run sloping in the direction of the actuating axis 56 of the magnet armature 14.
- the angular value between the sloping wall section 72 and the actuation axis 56 is approximately 45 degrees.
- the further annular groove 66 is provided in the area of the outer third of the free end face 62 of the magnet armature 14 .
- annular groove 54 introduced into the outer circumference 52 of the magnet armature 14 and/or the further annular groove 66 introduced into the magnet armature 14 on the face side enclose the actuating plunger 38 in each case coaxially.
- the separating ring 22 ( 1 and 2 ), starting from a cylindrical bottom part 74, in two sloping, annular boundary walls 76, 78 to the outside, one of which 76 with a greater inclination of the pole sleeve 18 and the other 78, with a smaller inclination, the free end 42 of the actuating plunger 38 faces.
- the magnet armature 14 In each stroke position of the magnet armature 14, in particular in the end stroke position, i.e.
- the annular groove 54 made in the magnet armature 14 on the outer circumference 52 holds in the direction of the end 80 of the magnet armature 14 facing away from the actuating plunger 38 and the groove on the front side in the magnet armature 14 introduced further annular groove 66 in the direction of the end 62 of the magnet armature 14 having the actuating plunger 38 in each case at least a slight axial distance from the bottom part 74 of the separating ring 22, the width of which is approximately 2.5 times the bottom width of the annular groove 54 in the outer circumference 52 of the Magnet armature 14 corresponds.
- In 3 is in a coordinate system a force-displacement characteristic curve 82 known from the prior art, control means-free magnet armature and force-displacement characteristic curves 44, 46, 48 in the 1 and 2 shown magnet armature 14, which has introduced into its outer circumference 52 and/or into its end face 62 annular grooves 54, 66.
- the force-displacement characteristic curve of the magnet armature free of control means is shown by means of a solid, dark characteristic curve 82, the Force-displacement characteristic curve of a magnet armature 14 with only one groove 54 introduced on its outer circumference 52 by means of a dashed characteristic curve 44, the force-displacement characteristic curve of a magnet armature 14 with exclusively a front-side groove 66 by means of a dotted characteristic curve 46 and the force-displacement
- a groove 66 (characteristic curve 46) introduced on the end face 62 of the magnet armature 14 essentially causes a reduction in force, in particular the maximum force, in the region of the end stroke of the magnet armature 14 in comparison to a magnet armature without control means, whereas a groove introduced on the outer circumference 52 54 (characteristic curve 44) in addition to a further reduction in force in the area of the end stroke, in the area of the working stroke a longer working stroke distance with a force-displacement characteristic curve 44 running essentially horizontally.
- At least one circumferential annular groove 54, 66 (characteristic curve 48) introduced into this.
- these bring about a further reduction in force in the area of the end stroke and the working stroke of the magnet armature 14, as a result of which the difference between the maximum and minimum force of the force-displacement characteristic 48 in the area of the working stroke is particularly small is, so that in the area of the working stroke a particularly long working stroke distance with a force-displacement characteristic 48 running essentially horizontally can be generated.
- the magnet armature 14 can, under the action of the annular grooves 54, 66, either hit the pole piece 20 or an anti-adhesive disk 84 provided, if appropriate, with a reduced actuating force, or even advance its end position while maintaining a gap-shaped axial distance from them return to the unactuated position.
- the magnet armature 14 is guided in the pole tube 12 by means of a guide sleeve 90, which is arranged in an annular circumferential recess 92 on the outer circumference 52 of the magnet armature 14 and which surrounds the magnet armature 14 at its end region remote from the actuating plunger 38.
- a further guide sleeve 94 is provided for the longitudinally movable guidance of the actuating plunger 38 in the pole piece 20, which is accommodated in a ring-shaped circumferential recess 96 in the form of an inner diameter enlargement in the end region of the through hole 40 of the pole piece 20 facing the magnet armature 14 .
- annular circumferential depression 96 for further guide sleeve 94 is followed by annular circumferential depression 98 with a larger outer diameter, in which an anti-adhesive disk 84 encompassing actuating plunger 38 is arranged.
- the pole piece 20 in particular in the respective image plane 1 and 2 two continuous equalization bores 100 running parallel to the actuation axis 56 for pressure equalization, which connect the outside of the actuation magnet 10 to the armature space 16 in which the magnet armature 14 is movably arranged.
- the two compensating bores 100 each open out of the pole piece 20 in the direction of the magnet armature 14 at the height of the further annular groove 66 introduced into the end face of the magnet armature 14 .
- a plug part (not shown in the figures) for energizing the coil device 28 which is at least partially encompassed by the pole sleeve 18 , is connected to the connection piece 24 .
- the pole piece 20 On the outer circumference 52 of its free end 102, the pole piece 20 has a screw-in thread 104 for screwing the actuating magnet 10 into a valve block, not shown in the figures, for example.
- the actuating magnet 10 shown is designed as a so-called “pushing magnet” which, when the coil winding 30 is energized, moves in the direction of the pole piece 20, starting from its initial stroke position in which it is in contact with the connection piece 24, until the latter is in its Endhubwolf near the anti-stick disk 84 or in contact with the anti-stick disk 84 arrives.
- a resetting device which has an energy store in the form of a compression spring.
- the compression spring can either be part of the actuated device, for example in the form of the valve (see DE 10 2011 018 873 A1 ), or be part of the actuating magnet 10, namely being supported with its one end on the magnet armature 14 and with its other end on the pole piece 20, with the actuating plunger 38 extending through the compression spring.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Electromagnets (AREA)
Abstract
2. Es ist ein Betätigungsmagnet mit einer bestrombaren Spuleneinrichtung (28) zum Bewegen eines Magnetankers (14) innerhalb eines Polrohres (12) in mindestens eine Richtung offenbart, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Magnetanker (14) zum Beeinflussen einer Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie (44, 46, 48), zumindest im Sinne einer Kraftverminderung am Ende seines Arbeitshubes, mindestens ein Steuermittel (50, 64) aufweist.2. An actuating magnet with a coil device (28) that can be energized for moving a magnet armature (14) within a pole tube (12) in at least one direction is disclosed, which is characterized in that the magnet armature (14) is used to influence a force-displacement Characteristic curve (44, 46, 48), at least in the sense of a force reduction at the end of its working stroke, has at least one control means (50, 64).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Betätigungsmagneten mit einer bestrombaren Spuleneinrichtung zum Bewegen eines Magnetankers innerhalb eines Polrohres in mindestens eine Richtung.The invention relates to an actuating magnet with a coil device that can be energized to move a magnet armature within a pole tube in at least one direction.
Derartige Betätigungsmagnete bezeichnet man fachsprachlich auch als Proportional- oder Schaltmagnete, die in einer Vielzahl von Ausführungsformen auf dem Markt frei erhältlich sind.Such actuating magnets are also referred to in technical terms as proportional or switching magnets, which are freely available on the market in a large number of designs.
Insbesondere dienen solche Betätigungsmagnete dazu, den jeweiligen Ventilkolben eines hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Ventils anzusteuern zwecks Regulieren eines diesbezüglichen Medienflusses zwischen Anschlüssen eines Ventilgehäuses, in dem der Ventilkolben längsverfahrbar geführt ist. Beispielhaft sei hier auf ein Proportionaldruck-Regelventil nach der
Mit dem Ansteuern des Betätigungsmagneten, sprich dem Bestromen seiner Spulenanordnung, stellt der Ventilkolben die medienführende Verbindung zwischen den genannten Anschlüssen her, unter Berücksichtigung der vorherrschenden Kräfte, auf der Basis der anstehenden Drücke multipliziert mit den jeweils druckwirksamen Flächen, der Federkraft, den Strömungskräften und der Magnetkraft. Ein jeweils an zumindest einem der Medienanschlüsse im Ventilgehäuse anstehender Mediendruck multipliziert mit einer druckwirksamen Fläche am Ventilkolben, ist dabei im Gleichgewicht mit der herrschenden Betätigungskraft des Betätigungsmagneten, so dass sich dergestalt über das angestrebte Gleichgewicht eine mehr oder minder ausgeglichene Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie für den Betätigungsmagneten vorgeben lässt.By activating the actuating magnet, i.e. energizing its coil arrangement, the valve piston establishes the medium-carrying connection between the named connections, taking into account the prevailing forces, on the basis of the prevailing pressures multiplied by the respective pressure-effective areas, the spring force, the flow forces and the magnetic force. A media pressure present at at least one of the media connections in the valve housing, multiplied by a pressure-effective area on the valve piston, is in equilibrium with the prevailing actuating force of the actuating magnet, so that a more or less balanced force-displacement characteristic curve for the Actuating magnet can specify.
Aus
Die angesprochene jeweilige Einlage ist als Steuermittel zum Beeinflussen der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie für den Betätigungsmagneten respektive seinen Magnetanker in den diesbezüglichen Ankerraum eingesetzt mit der Folge, dass gegenüber einer Lösung ohne eine solche Einlage der Kraftanstieg mit einer progressiv ansteigenden Kennlinie erfolgt, d.h. es kommt in Richtung der vollen Auslenkung des Magnetankers zu einem erhöhten Kraftaufkommen auf einen Betätigungsstößel des Ventilkolbens, wie er in der
Die bekannte Lösung bei der das Steuermittel für die Beeinflussung der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie in Form der jeweiligen Einlage in den Ankerraum eingebracht ist, in dem der Magnetanker längsverfahrbar geführt ist, verkürzt den freien Betätigungsweg für den Magnetanker und reduziert damit den gleichzeitig maximal möglichen Verschiebeweg für den Ventilkolben eines an den Betätigungsmagneten angeschlossenen Ventils mit seinen Medien- oder Fluidanschlüssen.The known solution, in which the control means for influencing the force-displacement characteristic is introduced in the form of the respective insert in the armature space, in which the magnet armature is guided in a longitudinally movable manner, shortens the free actuation path for the magnet armature and thus reduces the maximum possible displacement path at the same time for the valve piston of a valve connected to the actuating magnet with its media or fluid connections.
Insbesondere wenn mehrere Einlegeteile in Hintereinanderanordnung im Ankerraum vorgesehen sein sollten, kommt es zu einem deutlich maximierten Kraftanstieg am Ende des Betätigungsweges des Magnetankers mit der Folge, dass als entsprechende Gegenhaltekraft im Ventil hohe Federkräfte notwendig sind, die zu groß aufbauenden Druckfedern und mithin zu großen Ventilkonstruktionen führen. Ferner kommt es zu einem trägen Ansprechverhalten des Betätigungsmagneten nebst angeschlossenem Ventil, was die Ansteuerdynamik für das Ventil beeinträchtigt.In particular, if several inserts should be arranged one behind the other in the armature space, there is a significantly maximized increase in force at the end of the actuation path of the magnet armature, with the result that high spring forces are required as a corresponding counter-holding force in the valve, the compression springs are too large and the valve designs are therefore too large to lead. Furthermore, there is a sluggish response behavior of the actuating magnet together with the connected valve, which impairs the control dynamics for the valve.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt daher der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannten Ventilkonstruktionen dahingehend weiter zu verbessern, dass eine sinnfällige Beeinflussung der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie für den Magnetanker ermöglicht ist, mit schnell ansprechendem Betätigungsverhalten des jeweiligen Magnetankers bei geringer Baugröße. Eine dahingehende Aufgabe löst ein Betätigungsmagnet mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 in seiner Gesamtheit.Based on this prior art, the invention is therefore based on the object of further improving the known valve constructions in such a way that an obvious influencing of the force-displacement characteristic for the magnet armature is made possible, with quickly responding actuation behavior of the respective magnet armature with a small size. A pertinent task is solved by an actuating magnet with the features of
Dadurch, dass gemäß dem kennzeichneten Teil des Patentanspruches 1 vorgesehen ist, dass der Magnetanker zum Beeinflussen der angesprochenen Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie, zumindest im Sinne einer Kraftverminderung am Ende eines Arbeitshubes, mindestens ein Steuermittel aufweist, sind auf platzsparende Weise die Steuermittel aus dem Ankerraum, wie im Stand der Technik aufgezeigt, in den Magnetanker hinein verlegt.The fact that, according to the characterizing part of
Dabei ist es für einen Durchschnittsfachmann auf dem Gebiet solcher Magnetsysteme überraschend, dass er durch die Verlegung der Steuermittel in den Magnetanker hinein über dessen Betätigungsweg hinweg zu einem vergleichmäßigten Kraft-Weg-Verlauf kommt, und dass insbesondere am Ende des Arbeits- oder Betätigungshubes des Magnetankers es zu einer Kraftverminderung der Betätigungskraft kommt, die aber genügt, um den Ventilkolben eines an den Betätigungsmagneten angeschlossenen Ventiles sicher in seine, die jeweiligen Fluidanschlüsse sperrenden oder freigebenden Stellungen bewegen zu können. Da die aufgebrachte Betätigungskraft am Ende des Ankerhubes insgesamt reduziert ist, kann der Betätigungsmagnet mit seinem Spulenkörper auch entsprechend verkleinert und mithin platzsparend aufgebaut sein und da nur geringe Ansteuerkräfte, insbesondere über die Rückstellfeder des angeschlossenen Ventiles zu beherrschen sind, ist ein ausgesprochen schnelles, dynamisches Schaltverhalten für den erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsmagneten erreicht. Dies hat so keine Entsprechung im Stand der Technik.It is surprising for a person skilled in the art in the field of such magnet systems that by moving the control means into the magnet armature over its actuation path, the force-displacement curve is smoothed out, and that in particular at the end of the working or actuation stroke of the magnet armature there is a reduction in the actuating force, but this is sufficient to be able to safely move the valve piston of a valve connected to the actuating magnet into its position blocking or releasing the respective fluid connections. Since the actuating force applied is reduced overall at the end of the armature stroke, the actuating magnet with its coil body can also be made correspondingly smaller and therefore space-saving. Since only low actuating forces, in particular via the return spring of the connected valve, have to be mastered, the switching behavior is extremely fast and dynamic achieved for the actuating magnet according to the invention. This has no equivalent in the prior art.
Die Steuermittel des Magnetankers lassen sich derart optimieren, dass der Magnetanker schon dann in seine Rückstellung gelangt, wenn er noch nicht mit seiner vorderen Stirnseite am Polkern oder an einer dem Polkern angeordneten Antiklebscheibe angeschlagen hat, was diese schont oder sogar entbehrlich macht. Dergestalt lassen sich sehr kraftausgeglichene Bewegungen für den Magnetanker erreichen, was der Schaltdynamik zugutekommt. Anstelle einer Druckfeder als Rückstellkraftmittel für den Magnetanker kann auch eine zweite, entsprechend gepolte Spuleneinrichtung eine Rückfahrbewegung des Magnetankers in seine unbetätigte Neutralstellung veranlassen.The control means of the magnet armature can be optimized in such a way that the magnet armature already returns to its original position when it is not yet has struck the pole core or an anti-adhesive disc arranged on the pole core with its front face, which protects it or even makes it unnecessary. In this way, very force-balanced movements can be achieved for the magnet armature, which benefits the switching dynamics. Instead of a compression spring as the restoring force means for the magnet armature, a second, correspondingly polarized coil device can also cause the magnet armature to move back into its unactuated neutral position.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das jeweilige Steuermittel in die Außenkontur des Magnetankers eingebracht sein. Dadurch ist das Steuermittel erfindungsgemäß bauraumsparend in einer zur Funktion des Betätigungsmagneten zwingend erforderlichen Komponente in Form des Magnetankers angeordnet.In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the respective control means can be introduced into the outer contour of the magnet armature. As a result, according to the invention, the control means is arranged in a space-saving manner in a component in the form of the magnet armature that is absolutely necessary for the function of the actuating magnet.
Das jeweilige Steuermittel kann aus einer mindestens abschnittsweise im Magnetanker verlaufenden Steuernut gebildet sein. Derartige Steuernuten sind einfach und kostengünstig durch aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Verfahren in den Magnetanker einbringbar, beispielsweise durch Fräsen oder Laserschneiden.The respective control means can be formed from a control groove running at least in sections in the magnet armature. Such control grooves can be introduced into the magnet armature easily and inexpensively using methods known from the prior art, for example by milling or laser cutting.
Die jeweilige Steuernut kann durch eine umlaufende Ringnut im Magnetanker gebildet sein, die am Außenumfang und/oder an einer Stirnseite des Magnetankers in diesen eingebracht ist. Im Vergleich zu einem steuermittelfreien Magnetanker bewirkt eine auf der Stirnseite des Magnetankers eingebrachte Nut im Wesentlichen eine Kraftverminderung, insbesondere der Maximalkraft, im Bereich des Endhubes des Magnetankers, wohingegen eine am Außenumfang eingebrachte Nut neben einer weiteren Kraftverminderung im Bereich des Endhubes, im Bereich des Arbeitshubes eine längere Arbeitshubstrecke mit im Wesentlichen waagrecht verlaufender Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie bewirkt. Besonders vorteilhaft sind am Außenumfang und an der Stirnseite des Magnetankers jeweils zumindest eine umlaufende Ringnut in diesen eingebracht. Diese bewirken im Vergleich zum ausschließlichen Vorsehen der Axialnut eine weitere Kraftverminderung im Bereich des Endhubes und des Arbeitshubes des Magnetankers, wodurch der Unterschied der Maximal- und der Minimalkraft der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie im Bereich des Arbeitshubes besonders gering ist, so dass im Bereich des Arbeitshubes eine besonders lange Arbeitshubstrecke mit im Wesentlichen waagrecht verlaufender Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie erzeugbar ist. Das Kraft-Hub-Verhalten des Betätigungsmagneten ist in Betätigungsrichtung und in Rückstellrichtung des Magnetankers im Wesentlichen gleich, unterscheidet sich insbesondere in einer bestimmten Hubstellung des Magnetankers lediglich um eine Kraft von bis zu ca. 12 Newton.The respective control groove can be formed by a circumferential annular groove in the magnet armature, which is introduced into the magnet armature on its outer circumference and/or on an end face thereof. In comparison to a magnet armature without control means, a groove introduced on the end face of the magnet armature essentially causes a reduction in force, in particular the maximum force, in the area of the end stroke of the magnet armature, whereas a groove introduced on the outer circumference, in addition to a further reduction in force in the area of the end stroke, in the area of the working stroke causes a longer working stroke distance with a substantially horizontal force-displacement characteristic. It is particularly advantageous to have at least one circumferential annular groove on the outer circumference and on the end face of the magnet armature introduced this. Compared to the exclusive provision of the axial groove, these cause a further reduction in force in the area of the end stroke and the working stroke of the magnet armature, which means that the difference between the maximum and minimum force of the force-displacement characteristic in the area of the working stroke is particularly small, so that in the area of the Working stroke, a particularly long working stroke distance can be generated with a substantially horizontal force-displacement characteristic. The force-stroke behavior of the actuating magnet is essentially the same in the direction of actuation and in the return direction of the magnet armature, differing in particular in a specific stroke position of the magnet armature only by a force of up to approximately 12 Newtons.
Die am Außenumfang und/oder an der Stirnseite des Magnetankers eingebrachte Nut kann segmentiert ausgebildet sein, so dass diese mindestens eine Unterbrechung aufweist. Der Nutverlauf kann zumindest teilringförmig und/oder teilgewindeförmig ausgestaltet sein. Zudem kann die Nut mit einem nicht magnetisierbaren Material jedweder Art verfüllt sein, wodurch die Steifigkeit und die Festigkeit des Magnetankers erhöht sind.The groove introduced on the outer circumference and/or on the end face of the magnet armature can be segmented so that it has at least one interruption. The course of the groove can be designed at least partially in the form of a ring and/or partially in the form of a thread. In addition, the groove can be filled with any type of non-magnetizable material, which increases the rigidity and strength of the magnet armature.
Am Außenumfang und/oder an der Stirnseite des Magnetankers können jeweils mehrere Nuten vorgesehen sein, die konzentrisch zur Längsachse des Magnetankers angeordnet sind. Zumindest eine der am Außenumfang und/oder an der Stirnseite in den Magnetanker eingebrachten Nuten kann sich hinsichtlich ihrer Tiefe von der zumindest einen weiteren am Außenumfang bzw. an der Stirnseite in den Magnetanker eingebrachten Nut unterscheiden, je nachdem welche Art von Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie man erreichen möchte.A plurality of grooves can be provided on the outer circumference and/or on the end face of the magnet armature, which are arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the magnet armature. At least one of the grooves made in the magnet armature on the outer circumference and/or on the end face can differ in terms of its depth from the at least one other groove made in the magnet armature on the outer circumference or on the end face, depending on the type of force-displacement characteristic you want to achieve.
Das Polrohr kann aus einer Polhülse, insbesondere aus magnetisierbarem Stahl, gebildet sein, die über einen Trennring mit einem Polstück, insbesondere aus magnetisierbarem Stahl, verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt, ist, der eine magnetische Trennung zwischen Polhülse und dem Polstück mitbegrenzt. In der vollausgelenkten Stellung des Magnetankers kann unter Aufbringen der benötigten Betätigungskraft die umlaufende Ringnut des Magnetankers einen axialen Abstand zu dem Trennring einhalten, der vorzugsweise in etwa der einfachen bis dreifachen, besonders bevorzugt der zweifachen bodenseitigen Breite der Ringnut entspricht. Die am Außenumfang des Magnetankers umlaufende Ringnut kann im Querschnitt gesehen mit geradlinig verlaufenden Wänden im Wesentlichen U-förmig ausgebildet sein. Die Tiefe der am Außenumfang des Magnetankers umlaufenden Ringnut kann im Wesentlichen der Breite der Ringnut entsprechen. Der Trennring kann ausgehend von einem zylindrischen Bodenteil in zwei schrägverlaufende Begrenzungswände nach außen hin übergehen, von denen eine mit größerer Neigung der Polhülse und die andere, mit demgegenüber geringerer Neigung dem freien Ende des Bestätigungsstößel zugewandt ist. Die am Außenumfang des Magnetankers umlaufende Ringnut kann in jeder Verfahrstellung des Magnetankers in dessen kraftausübender Betätigungsstellung hinter dem Trennring zurückbleiben. Die stirnseitig am Magnetanker eingebrachte als Steuernut dienende Ringnut kann den Betätigungsstößel umfassen und im Bereich des äußeren Drittels der freien Stirnfläche des Magnetankers eingebracht sein, die dem Betätigungsstößel zugewandt ist. Der Querschnitt der stirnseitigen Ringnut kann ausgehend von einer parallel zur Stirnseite des Magnetankers verlaufenden Bodenfläche einen geradlinig verlaufenden Wandabschnitt, der senkrecht auf der Bodenfläche steht, und einen schrägverlaufenden Wandabschnitt aufweisen, der in Richtung zur Betätigungsachse des Magnetankers schräg verlaufend ist, vorzugsweise mit diesem einen Winkel von etwa 30° bis 60° Grad, besonders bevorzugt von 45° Grad, einschließen. Durch bereits eine Änderung eines der voranstehend genannten Parameter des Betätigungsmagneten ist der Verlauf der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie an bestimmte Einsatzzwecke des Betätigungsmagneten anpassbar.The pole tube can be formed from a pole sleeve, in particular made of magnetizable steel, which is connected, in particular welded, via a separating ring to a pole piece, in particular made of magnetizable steel, which also limits a magnetic separation between the pole sleeve and the pole piece. In the fully deflected position of the magnet armature, the circumferential annular groove of the magnet armature can maintain an axial distance from the separating ring when the required actuating force is applied, which preferably corresponds to approximately one to three times, particularly preferably twice the bottom width of the annular groove. The annular groove running around the outer circumference of the magnet armature can, viewed in cross-section, be of essentially U-shaped design with walls running in a straight line. The depth of the annular groove running around the outer circumference of the magnet armature can essentially correspond to the width of the annular groove. Starting from a cylindrical base part, the separating ring can transition outwards into two sloping boundary walls, one of which faces the pole sleeve with a greater incline and the other, with a lesser incline in comparison, faces the free end of the confirmation plunger. The circumferential annular groove on the outer circumference of the magnet armature can remain behind the separating ring in any travel position of the magnet armature in its force-exerting actuation position. The annular groove introduced on the end face of the magnet armature, serving as a control groove, can encompass the actuating plunger and be introduced in the region of the outer third of the free end face of the magnet armature, which faces the actuating plunger. Starting from a bottom surface running parallel to the front side of the magnet armature, the cross section of the annular groove can have a straight wall section which is perpendicular to the bottom surface, and an inclined wall section which runs obliquely in the direction of the actuating axis of the magnet armature, preferably at an angle thereto from about 30° to 60° degrees, more preferably from 45° degrees. The course of the force-displacement characteristic curve can be adapted to specific purposes of use of the actuating magnet simply by changing one of the above-mentioned parameters of the actuating magnet.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Im Folgenden wird ein erfindungsgemäßer Betätigungsmagnet anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt in nicht maßstäblicher Darstellung
- Fig. 1
- einen schematisch vereinfachten Längsschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsmagneten;
- Fig. 1A, 1B
- jeweils eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines in
Fig. 1 mit A bzw. B bezeichneten Kreisausschnittes; - Fig. 2
- teilweise in einem schematisch vereinfachten Längsschnitt den Betätigungsmagneten aus
Fig. 1 ; und - Fig. 3
- einen Kraft-Weg-Kennlinienverlauf des Betätigungsmagneten aus
Fig. 1 und2 in einem kartesischen Koordinatensystem, in dem der Hubweg des Magnetankers entlang der Abszisse und die Kraft entlang der Ordinate aufgetragen sind.
- 1
- a schematically simplified longitudinal section of an actuating magnet according to the invention;
- Figures 1A, 1B
- each an enlarged representation of an in
1 with A or B designated circular sector; - 2
- partially in a schematically simplified longitudinal section from the actuating
magnet 1 ; and - 3
- a force-displacement characteristic curve of the
actuating magnet 1 and2 in a Cartesian coordinate system, in which the stroke of the magnet armature is plotted along the abscissa and the force along the ordinate.
Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Betätigungsmagnete dienen beispielsweise zum Ansteuern eines Ventils zwecks Regulieren eines Medienflusses zwischen in dem Gehäuse des Ventils vorgesehenen Anschlüssen. Hinsichtlich dem Aufbau und der Funktion einer aus dem Stand Technik bekannten, derartigen Kombination aus einem Betätigungsmagneten und einem Ventil sei beispielhaft auf ein Proportionaldruck-Regelventil nach der
In
Zum Bewegen des Magnetankers 14 (
An dem einen Ende des Magnetankers 14 ist ein koaxial zum Magnetanker 14 ausgerichtetes, stangenartiges Betätigungsteil in Form eines Betätigungsstößels 38 befestigt, insbesondere in den Magnetanker 14 eingeschraubt, das sich durch eine Durchgangsbohrung 40 im Polstück 20 hindurch erstreckt, so dass das dem Magnetanker 14 abgewandte freie Ende 42 des Betätigungsstößels 38 für eine Betätigung einer in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Einrichtung, beispielsweise eines Ventils, zugänglich ist (siehe
Wie in den
Wie in
Zusätzlich oder alternativ weist der Magnetanker 14, wie den
Wie in
Die in den Außenumfang 52 des Magnetankers 14 eingebrachte Ringnut 54 und/oder die stirnseitig in den Magnetanker 14 eingebrachte weitere Ringnut 66 umfassen den Betätigungsstößel 38 jeweils koaxial.The annular groove 54 introduced into the
Im Querschnitt gesehen geht der Trennring 22 (
In
In dem Koordinatensystem (
Wie
Besonders vorteilhaft sind am Außenumfang 52 und an der Stirnseite 62 des Magnetankers 14 jeweils zumindest eine umlaufende Ringnut 54, 66 (Kennlinie 48) in diesen eingebracht. Diese bewirken im Vergleich zum ausschließlichen Vorsehen der am Außenumfang 52 vorgesehenen Nut 54 eine weitere Kraftverminderung im Bereich des Endhubes und des Arbeitshubes des Magnetankers 14, wodurch der Unterschied der Maximal- und der Minimalkraft der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie 48 im Bereich des Arbeitshubes besonders gering ist, so dass im Bereich des Arbeitshubes eine besonders lange Arbeitshubstrecke mit im Wesentlichen waagrecht verlaufender Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie 48 erzeugbar ist.At least one circumferential annular groove 54, 66 (characteristic curve 48) introduced into this. In comparison to the sole provision of the groove 54 provided on the
Aufgrund der Kraftverminderung im Bereich des Endhubes kann der Magnetanker 14 unter der Einwirkung der Ringnuten 54, 66 entweder mit einer verringerten Betätigungskraft an dem Polstück 20 bzw. an einer gegebenenfalls vorgesehenen Antiklebscheibe 84 anstoßen oder sogar unter Einhalten eines spaltförmigen axialen Abstandes zu diesen seine Endposition vor Rückstellung in die unbetätigte Stellung einnehmen.Due to the reduction in force in the area of the end stroke, the
Aus
Wie
In Richtung der Stirnseite 62 des Magnetankers 14, an der der Betätigungsstößel 38 befestigt ist, schließt sich an die ringförmig umlaufende Vertiefung 96 für die weitere Führungshülse 94 eine ringförmig umlaufende Vertiefung 98 mit einem größeren Außendurchmesser an, in der eine den Betätigungsstößel 38 umfassende Antiklebscheibe 84 angeordnet ist.In the direction of end face 62 of
Wie den
An das Anschlussstück 24 schließt sich ein in den Figuren nicht dargestelltes Steckerteil zum Bestromen der Spuleneinrichtung 28 an, das zumindest teilweise von der Polhülse 18 umfasst ist. Das Polstück 20 weist am Außenumfang 52 seines freien Endes 102 ein Einschraubgewinde 104 zum Einschrauben des Betätigungsmagneten 10 beispielsweise in einen in den Figuren nicht gezeigten Ventilblock auf.A plug part (not shown in the figures) for energizing the coil device 28 , which is at least partially encompassed by the pole sleeve 18 , is connected to the
Der in
Zur Rückstellung des Magnetankers 14 in seine Ausgangs-Hubstellung bei teil- oder unbestromter Spuleneinrichtung 28 kann eine in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Rückstelleinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die einen Energiespeicher in Form einer Druckfeder aufweist. Die Druckfeder kann entweder Teil der betätigten Einrichtung, beispielsweise in Form des Ventils (siehe
Claims (20)
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DE102021001385.9A DE102021001385A1 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | actuating magnet |
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EP4060694A1 true EP4060694A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
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Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3635551A1 (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-04-28 | Thomas Technik Ges Fuer Magnet | Pressure-tight electrical solenoid (solenoid actuator) |
US20060001513A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2006-01-05 | Masashi Okubo | Solenoid |
EP1818951A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-15 | MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH | Solenoid |
DE102006021927A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | electromagnet |
US20100301978A1 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-02 | Denso Corporation | Linear actuator |
DE102011018873A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Pneumatic valve and its use for a connected consumer |
DE102013010833A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Electromagnetic actuator |
US20200096130A1 (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-26 | Rostra Precision Controls, Inc. | Linear actuators for pressure-regulating valves |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2330839A1 (en) | 1973-06-16 | 1975-01-09 | Harting Elektro W | Simply constructed armature bearings - by injecting a plastic into a groove in the armature as guide ring in the bearing region |
DE3152448C2 (en) | 1981-04-24 | 1984-09-13 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Plunger magnet system with high efficiency |
DE102008032727A1 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hubmagnetanordnung and valve assembly |
DE102014013602B3 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2015-10-01 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | hydraulic valve |
-
2021
- 2021-03-16 DE DE102021001385.9A patent/DE102021001385A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-25 EP EP22158762.9A patent/EP4060694A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3635551A1 (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-04-28 | Thomas Technik Ges Fuer Magnet | Pressure-tight electrical solenoid (solenoid actuator) |
US20060001513A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2006-01-05 | Masashi Okubo | Solenoid |
EP1818951A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-15 | MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH | Solenoid |
DE102006021927A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | electromagnet |
US20100301978A1 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-02 | Denso Corporation | Linear actuator |
DE102011018873A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Pneumatic valve and its use for a connected consumer |
DE102013010833A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Electromagnetic actuator |
US20200096130A1 (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-26 | Rostra Precision Controls, Inc. | Linear actuators for pressure-regulating valves |
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