EP4060185A1 - Cooling module for a hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine using the same, and hydraulic unit - Google Patents
Cooling module for a hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine using the same, and hydraulic unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4060185A1 EP4060185A1 EP22160386.3A EP22160386A EP4060185A1 EP 4060185 A1 EP4060185 A1 EP 4060185A1 EP 22160386 A EP22160386 A EP 22160386A EP 4060185 A1 EP4060185 A1 EP 4060185A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling device
- housing
- cooling module
- cooling
- hydraulic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F03C1/0636—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F03C1/0636—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F03C1/0644—Component parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/22—Arrangements for enabling ready assembly or disassembly
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cooling module for a hydraulic machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a hydraulic machine with this according to claim 13 and a hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine according to claim 14.
- the heart of a hydraulic circuit is a hydraulic machine, in particular a hydraulic pump. It is used to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, in particular into hydrostatic energy, of a pressure medium conveyed by it. In the case of operation as a hydraulic motor, the conversion takes place in the opposite direction. During energy conversion, losses occur which, in the case of the hydraulic circuit, lead in particular to heating of the pressure medium. The loss occurring within the hydraulic machine or machines is responsible for the majority of the heating of the pressure medium, a much smaller part is caused by flow losses in lines. The heating of the pressure medium within the hydraulic pump is particularly high.
- the thermal energy that occurs as a result of losses in the hydraulic pump is carried away by the pumped pressure medium into the hydraulic circuit until it is dissipated as heat to a coolant by means of an external heat exchanger.
- the thermal energy is distributed over a large volume of oil, which means that a large amount of pressure medium has to be circulated in order to dissipate the heat.
- Due to the large amount of pressure medium, however, a ⁇ T to the recooling coolant is comparatively small, so that the efficiency of the external heat exchanger is low and its heat exchange surface must be large, which keeps investment and operating costs high.
- the pamphlets DE 94 11 163 U1 , JPH 08 22 64 12 and DE 27 03 686 each show a solution in which the cooling means of flushing the interior of the housing Hydraulic pump takes place with pressure medium.
- the pressure medium discharged from the hydraulic pump in this way is recooled with water in a separately arranged heat exchanger.
- the amount of pressure medium to be circulated is large.
- the quantity flushed out has to be continuously replenished, which entails expense in terms of device technology.
- the pamphlet CN 106 224 228 shows a hydraulic pump whose housing is wrapped in a heat pipe. The heat is finally dissipated by re-cooling the heat pipe medium in a water bath.
- a disadvantage of this solution is, for example, that the heat pipe is exposed to damage from impact due to its external exposure to the hydraulic pump.
- the publication shows a related solution DE 10 2012 000 986 B3 , in which a cooling jacket for a hydraulic pump is proposed. The disadvantage here is that such a cooling jacket design can take up a comparatively large amount of space.
- the invention is based on the object of creating an integrable cooling module for a hydraulic machine that can be manufactured with less effort for a respective hydraulic machine.
- Another object is to create a hydraulic machine with integrated cooling that is less complex to manufacture and a third object is to create a hydraulic unit with a hydraulic machine with integrated cooling that is less complex to manufacture.
- the first task is solved by a cooling module with the features of patent claim 1, the second by a hydraulic machine with the features of claim 13 and the third by a hydraulic unit with the features of claim 14.
- a cooling module for a hydraulic machine has a cooling device that is provided and designed for arrangement in a housing interior of the axial piston machine.
- the housing interior can be delimited, in particular radially, by a housing of the hydraulic machine and by a power unit that is rotatably arranged therein.
- the housing of the hydraulic machine can only have the housing function or it has other functions, such as integrated valves, or it is also designed as a support for a drive machine or the like.
- the housing is formed by a control block which has a pot-like recess into which the cooling device and the engine can be inserted.
- An inlet of the cooling device is connected to an inlet channel and an outlet of the cooling device is connected to an outlet channel of a housing section of the cooling module, in particular in a fluid-tight manner.
- the housing section of the cooling module is provided in particular for attachment to the housing of the hydraulic machine, in particular for closing the housing interior and has accordingly Fasteners or devices, such as threaded holes and / or bolts, and / or adjusting means for precise alignment.
- the cooling module is additively manufactured at least in sections.
- the cooling device is designed in one piece with the housing section.
- Additive manufacturing makes it possible to design functional sections of the cooling module, in particular a heat exchange surface and/or a flow cross section of the cooling device, in almost any way with the required functionality. In this way, an optimized cooling capacity can be achieved with a simultaneously reduced flow resistance of a coolant flow of the cooling device.
- the cooling module is designed for a hydraulic machine that is designed as a hydrostatic axial piston machine.
- the cooling device preferably extends circumferentially and in particular axially, so that it can be immersed in an annular space section of the housing interior that can be delimited by the engine and the housing of the hydrostatic axial piston machine.
- a single-phase or two-phase coolant is arranged in the cooling device, in particular arranged to flow.
- At least the cooling device is additively manufactured, at least in sections.
- an external shape of the cooling device, its flow cross section, its wall thickness and/or its material can be designed with a high degree of freedom, at least depending on the intended heat to be transferred and/or the intended temperature of the pressure medium.
- the housing section can be manufactured in some other way, in particular by machining, or additively, at least in sections.
- Such a hybrid design allows for reduced production costs.
- functions of the cooling module are grouped according to their manufacturability and summarized in component zones.
- Those that are easy and inexpensive to produce by machining, such as the Housing section, in particular in the form of a cover or motor bellhousing, are combined and manufactured accordingly by cutting.
- the additively manufactured section of the cooling module is additively formed onto the otherwise manufactured section. In this way, there is no need to connect the sections by means of a separate joining method, which is difficult to master in terms of process technology and is complex.
- the inlet is connected to the inlet channel and/or the outlet to the outlet channel in one area of this additive molding. In this way, sealing means that would have to be provided in this area in conventional production can be dispensed with.
- the housing section and the cooling device are made from the same material, so that the additive molding can be formed particularly well and is durable. Due to the pairing of different materials that is avoided in this way, the problem of different coefficients of thermal expansion of the sections is also eliminated. The same applies to the subsequent problems associated with this, in particular leakage or contact corrosion.
- the cooling device preferably has a heat exchange tube having the inlet and the outlet. This extends in particular in a helical, meandering or undulating manner. Deviating from this tube shape, the cooling device can have an interior space with a labyrinth, lattice or sieve shape or the like.
- Heat transfer is further improved if, in a further development, the cooling device, in particular the heat exchange tube, extends in the radial direction with one or with at least two windings or layers.
- the cooling device is designed to be flow-optimized at least on the inside or outside, and/or it is at least on the inside or designed to be heat transfer-optimized on the outside.
- undercuts are formed for this purpose using additive manufacturing, which can hardly be produced conventionally or only with great effort.
- adjacent coils, meanders or corrugations of the heat exchange tube are connected via at least one additively manufactured web, an additively manufactured rib or nub or the like.
- such structures give the cooling device greater stability and, on the other hand, they contribute to better heat exchange and possibly to more intensive or better flow around the cooling device.
- the cooling device has web, rib, nub or hollow body extensions on the outside, which extend into the free space, in the installed state of the cooling module into the interior of the housing.
- arcuate sections of the meanders or waves arranged distally of the housing section have the same crest heights, and when the cooling module is in the mounted state they thus protrude the same distance into the housing interior in the axial direction.
- the meanders or waves In order to respond to specific installation space conditions in the interior of the housing and to maximize the available heat exchange surface, the meanders or waves have different crest heights in one variant.
- At least one curved section of the meanders or waves has a lower crest height than the others. In this way, free or installation space is reserved for a function near the housing section with its inlet channel and outlet channel.
- the inlet or outlet of the cooling device extends in this free space or installation space, in particular parallel to the housing section.
- a hydraulic machine has a housing with a housing interior and an engine mounted therein so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation.
- the engine Cylinder-piston units, of which hydrostatic working spaces are limited, which are alternately connected to a high pressure and a low pressure of the hydraulic machine during rotation of the engine.
- pressure medium leaks into its housing interior.
- the leakage can occur, for example, from the working spaces radially outwards directly into the housing interior, for example via a sealing gap of the working spaces with a control disk.
- the leakage from the working chambers can occur radially inwards via a sealing gap, towards a drive shaft of the hydraulic machine, and be conducted via a gap arrangement into the housing interior.
- a leakage line or a leakage channel can open into the interior of the housing, via which a leakage volume flow of an external component can be supplied to the interior of the housing and thus to the cooling device of the cooling module.
- a cooling module configured according to at least one aspect of the preceding description has its cooling device immersed in the housing interior delimited by the housing and the engine, and the housing interior is delimited at least in sections by the housing section of the cooling module.
- the housing can be closed, in particular closed, via the housing section of the cooling module.
- the cooling module according to the invention can easily be adapted to the individual circumstances and geometries of the respective hydraulic machine.
- the advantages associated with this have already been presented in the course of the description of the cooling module, so that it is not necessary to mention them again.
- the hydraulic machine is preferably designed as an axial piston machine, in particular in the form of a swash plate, with the pistons of the cylinder-piston units being slidably supported on a swash plate which is arranged fixed to the housing or is pivotably mounted.
- the engine of the axial piston machine is preferably surrounded by the cooling device over the entire circumference and axially at least in sections.
- the swash plate is also completely and axially surrounded by the cooling device at least in sections.
- the housing interior extends as an annular space around the axis of rotation, in particular in a predominantly cylindrical or conical or oval manner.
- the axis of rotation is encompassed by the cooling device in particular in a polygonal manner, in particular in a four-, six-, eight-, or ten-cornered manner, with odd numbers of corners also being possible.
- the housing is formed by a control block in which at least one additional function, such as a control or other valve, is provided.
- the hydraulic machine can be designed as a hydraulic pump or as a hydraulic motor, or it is designed to be operable as a hydraulic pump and as a hydraulic motor.
- a hydraulic unit has a hydraulic machine that is designed according to at least one aspect of the preceding description.
- its housing is firmly connected to at least one drive machine, via which a torque can be transmitted to the axial piston machine.
- the drive machine is designed as an electric machine.
- the drive machine is designed to be fluid- or water-cooled
- a further development of the unit has proven to be advantageous in which the cooling of the drive machine is fluidically connected to the cooling module of the hydraulic machine.
- This can be configured in a fluidic series or parallel connection. This reduces the number of interfaces of the unit to the outside, so that the unit can be integrated more easily into a customer environment. An additional reduction in interfaces to the outside is possible through the following developments.
- a pressure medium tank which can be connected to the low pressure of the hydraulic machine
- a hydraulic cylinder which can be connected to the hydraulic machine Pressure medium
- a control block in particular a valve control block, via which a pressure medium flow rate for supplying pressure medium to the hydraulic cylinder can be controlled, is firmly connected to the housing of the hydraulic machine.
- An extremely compact hydraulic linear drive with an integrated drive machine, integrated control and integrated cooling can be formed via such a unit.
- the unit is particularly compact if the housing of the hydraulic machine, as already mentioned above, is formed by the control block, which not only carries hydraulic control functions such as control valves and pressure medium channels and the like, but also serves as a support component, with the mentioned Components of the unit are flanged or fastened. In this way, interfaces are accommodated within the scope of the unit in a space-saving manner and, in addition, the number of interfaces of the unit to the outside can be greatly reduced.
- a low-pressure channel of the unit opens into the interior of the housing. In this way, the leakage from these components can also be fed to the cooling device arranged in the housing of the hydraulic machine and cooled by it.
- a hydraulic unit 1 has a hydraulic machine designed as a hydrostatic axial piston pump 2 with a pot-shaped housing 4 with a housing jacket 6 which has a pot bottom 8 on the front side and is closed by a cover-shaped housing section 10 on the other side.
- the housing section 10 is connected to a cylinder housing of a linear axis 12 .
- a drive shaft 14 is rotatably mounted in the housing 4 via roller bearings (not shown).
- a cylinder drum 16 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive shaft 14 , in which a plurality of cylinder bores are introduced parallel to the axis of rotation 18 along a pitch circle arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 18 .
- a hydrostatic working piston 20 is guided in an axially displaceable manner in the respective cylinder bore and is slidably supported on the side of the housing section 10 on a swash plate 22 arranged fixedly thereon.
- the through-hole pressure kidneys
- the through-hole are in fluid communication with a high-pressure connection formed on the bottom 8 of the pot and a low-pressure connection (not shown).
- a hollow cooling device 26 through which coolant can flow is arranged in an annular space delimited by the housing jacket 6 and the cylinder drum 16 for dissipating thermal energy from the housing 4 .
- the pressure medium mentioned also has the highest temperature there. Due to the cooling device 26 arranged in the annular space, the thermal energy is applied precisely at this point a coolant flowing therein, for example water, is transferred. As a result, a ⁇ T is very high at this point and so is the heat transfer coefficient ⁇ .
- the cooling device 26 Due to its additive manufacturing, the cooling device 26 has an optimized geometry with regard to flow pressure loss and heat transfer and can thus be designed in a particularly compact manner.
- the cooling device 26 consists of the same material as the housing section 10 and is additively formed onto it, ie additively connected to it.
- the housing section 10 is in turn manufactured in a cost-effective manner by machining, since its geometry does not have to have any complex shapes, just high strength.
- the housing 4 with a housing jacket 6 and a housing base or pot base 8 is formed in the exemplary embodiment shown by a control block of the unit 1, which in particular carries control valves and a motor bellhousing (not shown).
- the axial piston machine 2, the control block, the cooling module 28, or 10, 26, the motor bellhousing and the axis 12 are thus aggregated into an extremely compact component with minimal installation space requirements.
- the housing section 10 forms, together with the cooling device 26, a one-piece cooling module 28, whose structure in the Figures 2 to 5 is explained in more detail.
- an inlet duct 32 and an outlet duct 34 for the coolant supply of the cooling device 26 open out on an edge side 30 of the machined, plate-shaped housing section 10.
- the coolant can be water or another suitable fluid.
- Both 32, 34 are each provided with an internal thread for receiving connection sockets.
- the plate-shaped housing section 10 is penetrated by through-holes which are suitable for fastening bolts 36 (cf. figure 1 ) of the axis 12 are provided.
- a base 38 which is cylindrical in the exemplary embodiment shown, extends centrally from a plate-shaped base body of the housing section 10 and on which the cooling device 26 is attached. This is designed as a meandering heat exchange tube, the inlet 40 with the inlet channel 32 and the outlet 42 with the Drain channel 34 is connected. Meanders 44 of the cooling device extend axially with parallel longitudinal sections 46, with adjacent longitudinal sections 46 being connected alternately distally and proximally via a base section 48.
- At least two adjacent longitudinal sections 46 are connected via a row of struts 50, in the exemplary embodiment shown with alternating strut angles, in particular to increase the strength and/or to improve the heat transfer.
- figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through the cooling module 28, offset laterally to a central axis of the cooling device and in a perspective view.
- an interface or a transition 52 from the machined, plate-shaped housing section 10 to the additively manufactured cooling device 26, that is to say the meandering heat exchange tube, can be seen clearly here.
- the view also gives a clear view of the hollow body extensions 54 that extend axially on the curved sections 48. These have a cuboid shape with two axially open chambers 56 and increase the heat exchange surface of the cooling device 26. Due to additive manufacturing, there are high degrees of freedom at this point Design of the cooling device 26, given both the inner flow cross-section regarding as well as the outside toward the housing interior.
- figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of the cooling module 28.
- the housing section 10 has an axially extending, stepped-cylindrical through-hole 58, in which the swash plate 22 according to figure 1 can be used in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the interface 52, at which the machined section 10, 38 of the cooling module 28 merges into the additively manufactured section 26, is clearly visible here.
- the position of the interface 52 can of course be chosen differently, adapted to specific requirements and grouped according to the respective function and its manufacturability.
- FIG. 5 Such a possibility shows the figure 5 .
- an interface 52' at which the machined housing section 10 fits into the additively manufactured cooling device 26 transitions, offset by a distance from an end face 60 of the housing section 10 .
- kidney-shaped bases 62 arranged on a pitch circle are machined, on which curved sections of the cooling device 26 attach (not shown).
- a cooling module for a hydraulic machine the flow-through cooling device of which is formed in one piece with a base body of the cooling module designed for attachment, and which is additively manufactured at least in sections, the cooling device for arrangement, in particular for insertion or immersion, in a housing of the hydraulic machine, between whose engine and the housing is provided.
- a hydraulic machine with such a cooling module, with a housing section of the hydraulic machine being formed by the base body, in particular a housing cover or flange. Furthermore, a hydrostatic unit with the hydraulic machine is disclosed, with a drive machine, in particular an electric machine, being firmly connected to its housing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Kühlmodul (28) für eine Hydromaschine (2) mit einer Kühleinrichtung (26) und einem Gehäuseabschnitt (10), wobei die Kühleinrichtung (26) zumindest abschnittsweise in einen Gehäuseinnenraum eintauchbar ist, der durch ein Gehäuse (6) und einen darin rotierbaren Triebwerk (16) der Hydromaschine (2) begrenzbar ist, und wobei ein Zulauf (40) der Kühleinrichtung (26) mit einem Zulaufkanal (32) eines Gehäuseabschnitts (10) und ein Ablauf (42) der Kühleinrichtung (26) mit einem Ablaufkanal (34) des Gehäuseabschnitts (10) verbunden sind. Das Kühlmodul (28) ist zumindest abschnittsweise additiv gefertigt. Offenbart sind weiterhin eine Hydromaschine (2) mit dem Kühlmodul (28), sowie ein hydraulisches Aggregat mit der Hydromaschine (2).Cooling module (28) for a hydraulic machine (2) with a cooling device (26) and a housing section (10), wherein the cooling device (26) can be immersed, at least in sections, into a housing interior which is defined by a housing (6) and an engine ( 16) of the hydraulic machine (2) can be limited, and wherein an inlet (40) of the cooling device (26) with an inlet duct (32) of a housing section (10) and an outlet (42) of the cooling device (26) with an outlet duct (34) of the housing section (10) are connected. The cooling module (28) is additively manufactured at least in sections. Also disclosed are a hydraulic machine (2) with the cooling module (28) and a hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine (2).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlmodul für eine Hydromaschine, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, eine Hydromaschine mit diesem, gemäß Anspruch 13 und ein hydraulisches Aggregat mit der Hydromaschine, gemäß Anspruch 14.The invention relates to a cooling module for a hydraulic machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a hydraulic machine with this according to claim 13 and a hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine according to
Herzstück eines hydraulischen Kreislaufs ist eine Hydromaschine, insbesondere eine Hydropumpe. Über sie wird mechanische in hydraulische, insbesondere in hydrostatische Energie eines von ihr geförderten Druckmittels gewandelt. Im Falle eines Betriebes als Hydromotor erfolgt die Wandlung in umgekehrter Richtung. Bei Energiewandlung treten Verluste auf, die im Falle des hydraulischen Kreislaufs insbesondere zur Erwärmung des Druckmittels führen. Dabei ist der innerhalb der oder den Hydromaschinen auftretende Verlust für den Großteil der Erwärmung des Druckmittels verantwortlich, ein weitaus kleinerer Teil ist von Strömungsverlusten in Leitungen verursacht. Besonders groß ist die Erwärmung des Druckmittels innerhalb der Hydropumpe.The heart of a hydraulic circuit is a hydraulic machine, in particular a hydraulic pump. It is used to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, in particular into hydrostatic energy, of a pressure medium conveyed by it. In the case of operation as a hydraulic motor, the conversion takes place in the opposite direction. During energy conversion, losses occur which, in the case of the hydraulic circuit, lead in particular to heating of the pressure medium. The loss occurring within the hydraulic machine or machines is responsible for the majority of the heating of the pressure medium, a much smaller part is caused by flow losses in lines. The heating of the pressure medium within the hydraulic pump is particularly high.
Bei konventionellen Lösungen wird die in der Hydropumpe verlustbedingt anfallende thermische Energie vom geförderten Druckmittel in den hydraulischen Kreislauf hinein verschleppt, bis sie mittels einem externen Wärmetauscher als Wärme an ein Kühlmittel abgeführt wird. Hierbei wird die thermische Energie auf ein großes Ölvolumen verteilt, wodurch eine große Menge an Druckmittel umzuwälzen ist, um die Wärme abzuführen. Aufgrund der großen Druckmittelmenge ist aber auch ein ΔT zum rückkühlenden Kühlmittel vergleichsweise klein, sodass der Wirkungsgrad am externen Wärmetauscher klein ist und dessen Wärmeaustauschfläche groß sein muss, was Investitions- und Betriebskosten hochhält.In conventional solutions, the thermal energy that occurs as a result of losses in the hydraulic pump is carried away by the pumped pressure medium into the hydraulic circuit until it is dissipated as heat to a coolant by means of an external heat exchanger. Here, the thermal energy is distributed over a large volume of oil, which means that a large amount of pressure medium has to be circulated in order to dissipate the heat. Due to the large amount of pressure medium, however, a ΔT to the recooling coolant is comparatively small, so that the efficiency of the external heat exchanger is low and its heat exchange surface must be large, which keeps investment and operating costs high.
Die Druckschriften
Die Druckschrift
Die auf die Anmelderin zurückgehende Druckschrift
Solch integrierte Wärmetauschrohre sind allerdings nicht als Standardelemente verfügbar, sondern sind je nach Anwendung mittels Rohrbiegen, Fräsen oder Gießen aufwendig herzustellen. Hinzukommen anschließende Fügeprozesse mittels Löten oder Verschrauben, wobei stets auf Dichtheit der Fügestellen zu achten ist. Falls aus Bauraumgründen zusätzlich zur Kühlung noch weitere Funktionen angrenzend integriert werden müssen, kann es in diesen Bereichen aufgrund von Festigkeitsanforderungen oder dergleichen zu ungünstigen Werkstoffpaarungen kommen, sofern Werkstoffe abweichend vom Wärmetauschrohr Verwendung finden. Hieraus wiederum resultieren aufgrund verschiedener Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten Risiken für die genannte Dichtheit.However, such integrated heat exchange tubes are not available as standard elements; depending on the application, they are expensive to produce by means of tube bending, milling or casting. In addition, there are subsequent joining processes by means of soldering or screwing, whereby attention must always be paid to the tightness of the joints. If, for reasons of space, further functions have to be integrated in addition to cooling, this can be done in these areas due to strength requirements or the like to unfavorable material pairings if materials other than the heat exchange tube are used. This in turn results in risks for said tightness due to different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Dem gegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zur Grunde, ein integrierbares Kühlmodul für eine Hydromaschine zu schaffen, das mit weniger Aufwand für eine jeweilige Hydromaschine fertigbar ist. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht darin, eine Hydromaschine mit integrierter Kühlung zu schaffen, die weniger aufwändig zu fertigen ist und eine dritte Aufgabe ist, ein hydraulisches Aggregat mit einer Hydromaschine mit integrierter Kühlung zu schaffen, das weniger aufwändig zu fertigen ist.In contrast, the invention is based on the object of creating an integrable cooling module for a hydraulic machine that can be manufactured with less effort for a respective hydraulic machine. Another object is to create a hydraulic machine with integrated cooling that is less complex to manufacture and a third object is to create a hydraulic unit with a hydraulic machine with integrated cooling that is less complex to manufacture.
Die erste Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Kühlmodul mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1, die zweite durch eine Hydromaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13 und die dritte durch ein hydraulisches Aggregat mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 14.The first task is solved by a cooling module with the features of patent claim 1, the second by a hydraulic machine with the features of claim 13 and the third by a hydraulic unit with the features of
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindungen sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.
Ein Kühlmodul für eine Hydromaschine hat eine Kühleinrichtung, die zur Anordnung in einem Gehäuseinnenraum der Axialkolbenmaschine vorgesehen und ausgestaltet ist. Der Gehäuseinnenraum ist insbesondere radial von einem Gehäuse der Hydromaschine und von einem darin rotierbar angeordneten Triebwerk begrenzbar. Das Gehäuse der Hydromaschine kann dabei allein die Gehäusefunktion aufweisen oder es hat weitere Funktionen, wie beispielsweise integrierte Ventile, oder es ist zudem als Träger für eine Antriebsmaschine oder dergleichen ausgebildet. Insbesondere ist das Gehäuse von einem Steuerblock gebildet, der eine topfartige Ausnehmung aufweist, in die die Kühleinrichtung und das Triebwerk einsetzbar sind. Ein Zulauf der Kühleinrichtung ist mit einem Zulaufkanal und ein Ablauf der Kühleinrichtung ist mit einem Ablaufkanal eines Gehäuseabschnitts des Kühlmoduls, insbesondere fluiddicht, verbunden. Der Gehäuseabschnitt des Kühlmoduls ist insbesondere zur Befestigung am Gehäuse der Hydromaschine, insbesondere zum Verschluss des Gehäuseinnenraums vorgesehen und weist dementsprechend Befestigungsmittel oder -einrichtungen auf, beispielsweise Gewindebohrungen und/oder -bolzen, und/oder Justiermittel zum präzisen Ausrichten. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Kühlmodul zumindest abschnittsweise additiv gefertigt. Insbesondere ist die Kühleinrichtung mit dem Gehäuseabschnitt einstückig ausgebildet.A cooling module for a hydraulic machine has a cooling device that is provided and designed for arrangement in a housing interior of the axial piston machine. The housing interior can be delimited, in particular radially, by a housing of the hydraulic machine and by a power unit that is rotatably arranged therein. The housing of the hydraulic machine can only have the housing function or it has other functions, such as integrated valves, or it is also designed as a support for a drive machine or the like. In particular, the housing is formed by a control block which has a pot-like recess into which the cooling device and the engine can be inserted. An inlet of the cooling device is connected to an inlet channel and an outlet of the cooling device is connected to an outlet channel of a housing section of the cooling module, in particular in a fluid-tight manner. The housing section of the cooling module is provided in particular for attachment to the housing of the hydraulic machine, in particular for closing the housing interior and has accordingly Fasteners or devices, such as threaded holes and / or bolts, and / or adjusting means for precise alignment. According to the invention, the cooling module is additively manufactured at least in sections. In particular, the cooling device is designed in one piece with the housing section.
Die additive Fertigung ermöglicht es, funktionale Abschnitte des Kühlmoduls, insbesondere eine Wärmeaustauschfläche und/oder ein Strömungsquerschnitt der Kühleinrichtung, nahezu beliebig an der geforderten Funktionalität auszugestalten. So ist eine optimierte Kühlleistung bei gleichzeitig reduziertem Strömungswiderstand eines Kühlmittelstromes der Kühleinrichtung erzielbar.Additive manufacturing makes it possible to design functional sections of the cooling module, in particular a heat exchange surface and/or a flow cross section of the cooling device, in almost any way with the required functionality. In this way, an optimized cooling capacity can be achieved with a simultaneously reduced flow resistance of a coolant flow of the cooling device.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist das Kühlmodul für eine Hydromaschine ausgestaltet, die als hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine ausgebildet ist.In a preferred development, the cooling module is designed for a hydraulic machine that is designed as a hydrostatic axial piston machine.
In diesem Fall erstreckt sich die Kühleinrichtung vorzugsweise umfänglich und insbesondere axial, sodass sie in einen vom Triebwerk und dem Gehäuse der hydrostatischen Axialkolbenmaschine begrenzbaren Ringraumabschnitt des Gehäuseinnenraums eintauchbar ist.In this case, the cooling device preferably extends circumferentially and in particular axially, so that it can be immersed in an annular space section of the housing interior that can be delimited by the engine and the housing of the hydrostatic axial piston machine.
Vorzugsweise ist in der Kühleinrichtung ein Kühlmittel einphasig oder zweiphasig angeordnet, insbesondere strömend angeordnet.Preferably, a single-phase or two-phase coolant is arranged in the cooling device, in particular arranged to flow.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist zumindest die Kühleinrichtung zumindest abschnittsweise additiv gefertigt. Insbesondere ist aufgrund der additiven Fertigung eine äußere Gestalt der Kühleinrichtung, ihr Strömungsquerschnitt, ihre Wandungsdicke und / oder ihr Material zumindest in Abhängigkeit der bestimmungsgemäß zu übertragenden Wärme und / oder der bestimmungsgemäßen Temperatur des Druckmittels mit hohem Freiheitsgrad auslegbar.In a preferred development, at least the cooling device is additively manufactured, at least in sections. In particular, due to additive manufacturing, an external shape of the cooling device, its flow cross section, its wall thickness and/or its material can be designed with a high degree of freedom, at least depending on the intended heat to be transferred and/or the intended temperature of the pressure medium.
Der Gehäuseabschnitt kann zumindest abschnittsweise anderweitig, insbesondere spanend, oder additiv gefertigt sein. Durch eine solche Hybridbauweise sind reduzierte Herstellkosten möglich. Hierzu sind Funktionen des Kühlmoduls nach ihrer Herstellbarkeit gruppiert und in Bauteilzonen zusammengefasst. Solche, die einfach und kostengünstig zerspanend herstellbar sind, wie beispielsweise der Gehäuseabschnitt, insbesondere in Form eines Deckels oder Motor-Pumpenträgers, werden zusammengefasst und entsprechend spanend gefertigt. Lediglich die durch ihre Komplexität schwierig konventionell herstellbare Kühleinrichtung wird additiv gefertigt. Somit wird die additive Fertigung nur dort genutzt, wo sie technische und kaufmännische Vorteile mit sich bringt.The housing section can be manufactured in some other way, in particular by machining, or additively, at least in sections. Such a hybrid design allows for reduced production costs. For this purpose, functions of the cooling module are grouped according to their manufacturability and summarized in component zones. Those that are easy and inexpensive to produce by machining, such as the Housing section, in particular in the form of a cover or motor bellhousing, are combined and manufactured accordingly by cutting. Only the cooling device, which is difficult to produce conventionally due to its complexity, is additively manufactured. Additive manufacturing is therefore only used where it brings technical and commercial advantages.
In einer Weiterbildung ist der additiv gefertigte an den anderweitig gefertigten Abschnitt des Kühlmoduls additiv angeformt. Auf diese Weise entfällt ein prozesstechnisch schwierig zu beherrschendes und aufwändiges Verbinden der Abschnitte mittels einem gesonderten Fügeverfahren.In a development, the additively manufactured section of the cooling module is additively formed onto the otherwise manufactured section. In this way, there is no need to connect the sections by means of a separate joining method, which is difficult to master in terms of process technology and is complex.
In einer Weiterbildung ist in einem Bereich dieser additiven Anformung der Zulauf mit dem Zulaufkanal und/oder der Ablauf mit dem Ablaufkanal verbunden. Auf diese Weise kann auf Dichtungsmittel, die bei herkömmlicher Fertigung in diesem Bereich vorzusehen wären, verzichtet werden.In a further development, the inlet is connected to the inlet channel and/or the outlet to the outlet channel in one area of this additive molding. In this way, sealing means that would have to be provided in this area in conventional production can be dispensed with.
In einer Weiterbildung sind der Gehäuseabschnitt und die Kühleinrichtung aus einem gleichen Material gefertigt, sodass die additive Anformung besonders gut ausbildbar und haltbar ist. Aufgrund der so vermiedenen Paarung unterschiedlicher Werkstoffe ist auch die Problematik unterschiedlicher Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten der Abschnitte ausgeschlossen. Ebenso sind es die damit verbundenen Folgeprobleme, insbesondere Leckage oder Kontaktkorrosion.In a development, the housing section and the cooling device are made from the same material, so that the additive molding can be formed particularly well and is durable. Due to the pairing of different materials that is avoided in this way, the problem of different coefficients of thermal expansion of the sections is also eliminated. The same applies to the subsequent problems associated with this, in particular leakage or contact corrosion.
Vorzugsweise hat die Kühleinrichtung ein den Zulauf und den Ablauf aufweisendes Wärmetauschrohr. Dieses erstreckt sich insbesondere wendelförmig, mäandernd oder ondulierend. Abweichend von dieser Rohrform kann die Kühleinrichtung einen Innenraum mit Labyrinth-, Gitter- oder Siebform oder dergleichen aufweisen.The cooling device preferably has a heat exchange tube having the inlet and the outlet. This extends in particular in a helical, meandering or undulating manner. Deviating from this tube shape, the cooling device can have an interior space with a labyrinth, lattice or sieve shape or the like.
Ein Wärmeübergang ist weiter verbessert, wenn sich in einer Weiterbildung die Kühleinrichtung, insbesondere das Wärmetauschrohr, in Radialrichtung mit einer oder mit wenigstens zwei Wicklungen oder Lagen erstreckt.Heat transfer is further improved if, in a further development, the cooling device, in particular the heat exchange tube, extends in the radial direction with one or with at least two windings or layers.
In einer Weiterbildung ist die Kühleinrichtung zumindest innenseitig oder außenseitig strömungsoptimiert ausgestaltet ist, und/oder sie ist zumindest innenseitig oder außenseitig wärmeübergangsoptimiert ausgestaltet. Beispielsweise sind hierfür über die additive Fertigung Hinterschnitte ausgebildet, die konventionell kaum oder nur mit hohem Aufwand darstellbar sind.In a further development, the cooling device is designed to be flow-optimized at least on the inside or outside, and/or it is at least on the inside or designed to be heat transfer-optimized on the outside. For example, undercuts are formed for this purpose using additive manufacturing, which can hardly be produced conventionally or only with great effort.
In einer Weiterbildung sind hierzu einander benachbarte Wendeln, Mäander oder Wellen des Wärmetauschrohres über wenigstens einen additiv gefertigten Steg, eine additiv gefertigte Rippe oder Noppe oder dergleichen verbunden. Solche Strukturen verleihen der Kühleinrichtung zum einen eine höhere Stabilität, zum anderen tragen sie zum besseren Wärmeaustausch und ggf. zur intensiveren oder besseren Umströmung der Kühleinrichtung bei.In a further development, for this purpose adjacent coils, meanders or corrugations of the heat exchange tube are connected via at least one additively manufactured web, an additively manufactured rib or nub or the like. On the one hand, such structures give the cooling device greater stability and, on the other hand, they contribute to better heat exchange and possibly to more intensive or better flow around the cooling device.
Dieser Effekt ist weiter verbessert, wenn die Kühleinrichtung in einer Weiterbildung außenseitig Steg-, Rippen-, Noppen- oder Hohlkörperfortsätze hat, die sich in den freien Raum, im montierten Zustand des Kühlmoduls in den Gehäuseinnenraum, erstrecken.This effect is further improved if, in a further development, the cooling device has web, rib, nub or hollow body extensions on the outside, which extend into the free space, in the installed state of the cooling module into the interior of the housing.
In einer Weiterbildung des Kühlmoduls weisen distal des Gehäuseabschnitts angeordnete Bogenabschnitte der Mäander oder Wellen gleiche Scheitelhöhen auf, sie ragen somit in montiertem Zustand des Kühlmoduls in axialer Richtung gleich weit in den Gehäuseinnenraum hinein. Um auf spezifische Bauraumbedingungen im Gehäuseinnenraum einzugehen und die zur Verfügung stehende Wärmeaustauschfläche zu maximieren, weisen die Mäander oder Wellen in einer Variante unterschiedliche Scheitelhöhe auf.In a further development of the cooling module, arcuate sections of the meanders or waves arranged distally of the housing section have the same crest heights, and when the cooling module is in the mounted state they thus protrude the same distance into the housing interior in the axial direction. In order to respond to specific installation space conditions in the interior of the housing and to maximize the available heat exchange surface, the meanders or waves have different crest heights in one variant.
An einem zum Gehäuseabschnitt benachbarten Endabschnitt der Kühleinrichtung weist wenigstens ein Bogenabschnitt der Mäander oder Wellen eine geringere Scheitelhöhe als die anderen auf. Auf diese Weise ist ein Frei- oder Bauraum für eine Funktion nahe dem Gehäuseabschnitt mit dessen Zulaufkanal und Ablaufkanal vorgehalten.On an end section of the cooling device adjacent to the housing section, at least one curved section of the meanders or waves has a lower crest height than the others. In this way, free or installation space is reserved for a function near the housing section with its inlet channel and outlet channel.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung erstreckt sich in diesem Frei- oder Bauraum der Zulauf oder der Ablauf der Kühleinrichtung, insbesondere parallel zum Gehäuseabschnitt.In a preferred development, the inlet or outlet of the cooling device extends in this free space or installation space, in particular parallel to the housing section.
Eine Hydromaschine hat ein Gehäuse mit einem Gehäuseinnenraum und einem darin um eine Drehachse rotierbar gelagerten Triebwerk. Insbesondere weist das Triebwerk Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten auf, von denen hydrostatische Arbeitsräume begrenzt sind, die bei Rotation des Triebwerks alternierend mit einem Hochdruck und einem Niederdruck der Hydromaschine verbindbar sind. Im Betrieb der Hydromaschine weist diese eine Leckage von Druckmittel in ihren Gehäuseinnenraum hinein auf. Die Leckage kann beispielsweise aus den Arbeitsräumen nach radial außen direkt in den Gehäuseinnenraum hinein erfolgen, beispielsweise über einen Dichtspalt der Arbeitsräume mit einer Steuerscheibe. Ergänzend oder alternativ kann die Leckage aus den Arbeitsräumen über einen Dichtspalt nach radial innen erfolgen, hin zu einer Triebwelle der Hydromaschine, und über eine Spaltanordnung in den Gehäuseinnenraum geleitet werden. Ergänzend kann in den Gehäuseinnenraum eine Leckageleitung oder ein Leckagekanal münden, über den dem Gehäuseinnenraum, und damit der Kühleinrichtung des Kühlmoduls, ein Leckagevolumenstrom einer externen Komponente zugeführt werden kann. Auf diese Weise kann nicht nur das aus den Arbeitsräumen der Hydromaschine austretende Druckmittel, sondern ergänzend das Druckmittel eines hydraulischen Aggregats gekühlt werden. Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Kühlmodul, das gemäß wenigstens einem Aspekt der vorangegangenen Beschreibung ausgestaltet ist, mit seiner Kühleinrichtung in den vom Gehäuse und dem Triebwerk begrenzten Gehäuseinnenraum eingetaucht und der Gehäuseinnenraum ist zumindest abschnittsweise vom Gehäuseabschnitt des Kühlmoduls begrenzt. Insbesondere ist das Gehäuse über den Gehäuseabschnitt des Kühlmoduls verschließbar, insbesondere verschlossen.A hydraulic machine has a housing with a housing interior and an engine mounted therein so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation. In particular, the engine Cylinder-piston units, of which hydrostatic working spaces are limited, which are alternately connected to a high pressure and a low pressure of the hydraulic machine during rotation of the engine. When the hydraulic machine is in operation, pressure medium leaks into its housing interior. The leakage can occur, for example, from the working spaces radially outwards directly into the housing interior, for example via a sealing gap of the working spaces with a control disk. In addition or as an alternative, the leakage from the working chambers can occur radially inwards via a sealing gap, towards a drive shaft of the hydraulic machine, and be conducted via a gap arrangement into the housing interior. In addition, a leakage line or a leakage channel can open into the interior of the housing, via which a leakage volume flow of an external component can be supplied to the interior of the housing and thus to the cooling device of the cooling module. In this way, not only the pressure medium emerging from the working chambers of the hydraulic machine, but also the pressure medium of a hydraulic unit can be cooled. According to the invention, a cooling module configured according to at least one aspect of the preceding description has its cooling device immersed in the housing interior delimited by the housing and the engine, and the housing interior is delimited at least in sections by the housing section of the cooling module. In particular, the housing can be closed, in particular closed, via the housing section of the cooling module.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kühlmodul ist aufgrund der additiven Fertigung einfach auf die individuellen Gegebenheiten und Geometrien der jeweiligen Hydromaschine angepasst fertigbar. Die damit verbundenen Vorteile wurden bereits im Zuge der Beschreibung des Kühlmoduls dargelegt, sodass auf ihre erneute Nennung verzichtet werden kann.Due to the additive manufacturing, the cooling module according to the invention can easily be adapted to the individual circumstances and geometries of the respective hydraulic machine. The advantages associated with this have already been presented in the course of the description of the cooling module, so that it is not necessary to mention them again.
Vorzugsweise ist die Hydromaschine als Axialkolbenmaschine, insbesondere in Schrägscheibenbauweise, ausgebildet, wobei Kolben der Zylinder-Kolbeneinheiten an einer gehäusefest angeordneten oder verschwenkbar gelagerten Schrägscheibe gleitend abgestützt sind. Dabei ist das Triebwerk der Axialkolbenmaschine bevorzugt vollumfänglich und axial zumindest abschnittsweise von der Kühleinrichtung umgriffen.The hydraulic machine is preferably designed as an axial piston machine, in particular in the form of a swash plate, with the pistons of the cylinder-piston units being slidably supported on a swash plate which is arranged fixed to the housing or is pivotably mounted. In this case, the engine of the axial piston machine is preferably surrounded by the cooling device over the entire circumference and axially at least in sections.
Auch die Schrägscheibe ist in einer Weiterbildung vollumfänglich und axial zumindest abschnittsweise von der Kühleinrichtung umgriffen.In a further development, the swash plate is also completely and axially surrounded by the cooling device at least in sections.
Alternativ ist eine Schrägachsenbauweise möglich.Alternatively, a bent-axis design is possible.
Der Gehäuseinnenraum erstreckt sich in einer Weiterbildung als Ringraum um die Drehachse, insbesondere überwiegend zylindrisch oder konisch oder oval. Die Drehachse ist von der Kühleinrichtung insbesondere vieleckig, insbesondere vier-, sechs-, acht- oder 10-eckig umgriffen, wobei auch ungerade Eckanzahlen möglich sind.In a development, the housing interior extends as an annular space around the axis of rotation, in particular in a predominantly cylindrical or conical or oval manner. The axis of rotation is encompassed by the cooling device in particular in a polygonal manner, in particular in a four-, six-, eight-, or ten-cornered manner, with odd numbers of corners also being possible.
Insbesondere ist das Gehäuse von einem Steuerblock gebildet, in dem wenigstens eine Zusatzfunktion, wie beispielsweise ein Steuer- oder sonstiges Ventil, vorgesehen ist.In particular, the housing is formed by a control block in which at least one additional function, such as a control or other valve, is provided.
Die Hydromaschine kann als Hydropumpe oder als Hydromotor ausgebildet sein oder sie ist als Hydropumpe und als Hydromotor betreibbar ausgebildet.The hydraulic machine can be designed as a hydraulic pump or as a hydraulic motor, or it is designed to be operable as a hydraulic pump and as a hydraulic motor.
Ein hydraulisches Aggregat hat eine Hydromaschine, die gemäß wenigstens einem Aspekt der vorangegangenen Beschreibung ausgebildet ist. Dabei ist deren Gehäuse zumindest mit einer Antriebsmaschine, über die ein Drehmoment an die Axialkolbenmaschine übertragbar ist, fest verbunden.A hydraulic unit has a hydraulic machine that is designed according to at least one aspect of the preceding description. In this case, its housing is firmly connected to at least one drive machine, via which a torque can be transmitted to the axial piston machine.
In einer Weiterbildung des Aggregates ist die Antriebsmaschine als Elektromaschine ausgestaltet.In a development of the unit, the drive machine is designed as an electric machine.
Insbesondere, wenn die Antriebsmaschine fluid- oder wassergekühlt ausgestaltet ist, erweist sich eine Weiterbildung des Aggregats als vorteilhaft, in der die Kühlung der Antriebsmaschine fluidisch mit dem Kühlmodul der Hydromaschine verbunden ist. Dies kann in fluidischer Reihen- oder Parallelschaltung ausgestaltet sein. Das reduziert die Anzahl der Schnittstellen des Aggregates nach außen, sodass das Aggregat einfacher in eine Kundenumgebung integrierbar ist. Eine zusätzliche Verringerung von Schnittstellen nach außen ist durch die folgenden Weiterbildungen möglich.In particular, if the drive machine is designed to be fluid- or water-cooled, a further development of the unit has proven to be advantageous in which the cooling of the drive machine is fluidically connected to the cooling module of the hydraulic machine. This can be configured in a fluidic series or parallel connection. This reduces the number of interfaces of the unit to the outside, so that the unit can be integrated more easily into a customer environment. An additional reduction in interfaces to the outside is possible through the following developments.
Ergänzend ist in einer Weiterbildung ein Druckmittelbehälter, der mit dem Niederdruck der Hydromaschine verbindbar ist, ein Hydrozylinder, der von der Hydromaschine mit Druckmittel versorgbar ist, und /oder ein Steuerblock, insbesondere ein Ventilsteuerblock, über den ein Druckmittelvolumenstrom zur Druckmittelversorgung des Hydrozylinders steuerbar ist, mit dem Gehäuse der Hydromaschine fest verbunden.In addition, in a further development, a pressure medium tank, which can be connected to the low pressure of the hydraulic machine, a hydraulic cylinder, which can be connected to the hydraulic machine Pressure medium can be supplied, and/or a control block, in particular a valve control block, via which a pressure medium flow rate for supplying pressure medium to the hydraulic cylinder can be controlled, is firmly connected to the housing of the hydraulic machine.
Über ein derartiges Aggregat ist ein äußerst kompakter hydraulischer Linearantrieb mit integrierter Antriebsmaschine, integrierter Steuerung und integrierter Kühlung ausbildbar.An extremely compact hydraulic linear drive with an integrated drive machine, integrated control and integrated cooling can be formed via such a unit.
Besonders kompakt ist das Aggregat ausgebildet, wenn das Gehäuse der Hydromaschine, wie bereits weiter oben erwähnt, von dem Steuerblock gebildet ist, der nicht nur hydraulische Steuerfunktionen wie Steuerventile und Druckmittelkanäle und dergleichen trägt, sondern der auch als Trägerbauteil dient, wobei an ihm die genannten Komponenten des Aggregates angeflanscht oder befestigt sind. Auf diese Weise sind Schnittstellen innerhalb eines Umfangs des Aggregats bauraumsparend untergebracht und zudem ist eine Anzahl der Schnittstellen des Aggregats nach außen stark reduzierbar.The unit is particularly compact if the housing of the hydraulic machine, as already mentioned above, is formed by the control block, which not only carries hydraulic control functions such as control valves and pressure medium channels and the like, but also serves as a support component, with the mentioned Components of the unit are flanged or fastened. In this way, interfaces are accommodated within the scope of the unit in a space-saving manner and, in addition, the number of interfaces of the unit to the outside can be greatly reduced.
In einer Weiterbildung mündet ein Niederdruckkanal des Aggregates, mit dem Leckageräume genannter Komponenten fluidisch verbindbar oder verbunden sind, in den Gehäuseinnenraum. Auf diese Weise kann auch die Leckage dieser Komponenten der im Gehäuse der Hydromaschine angeordneten Kühleinrichtung zugeführt und darüber gekühlt werden.In a further development, a low-pressure channel of the unit, with which the leakage chambers of said components can be fluidly connected or are connected, opens into the interior of the housing. In this way, the leakage from these components can also be fed to the cooling device arranged in the housing of the hydraulic machine and cooled by it.
Je ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlmoduls, einer erfindungsgemäßen Axialkolbenmaschine, sowie eines erfindungsgemäßen Aggregats ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Anhand der Figuren dieser Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nun näher erläutert.One exemplary embodiment each of a cooling module according to the invention, an axial piston machine according to the invention, and a unit according to the invention is shown in the drawings. The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of the figures in these drawings.
Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 ein hydrostatisches Aggregat mit einer als Axialkolbenmaschine ausgebildeten Hydromaschine und einer hydraulischen Achse gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel, in einer teilgeschnittenen Seitenansicht, -
Figur 2 ein Kühlmodul der Axialkolbenmaschine gemäßFigur 1 in teilperspektivischer Ansicht, -
Figur 3 das Kühlmodul gemäßFigur 2 in teilperspektivischer und teilgeschnittener Ansicht, -
Figur 4 das Kühlmodul gemäßFigur 2 und 3 in einem Längsschnitt, und -
Figur 5 einen Querschnitt des Kühlmoduls in perspektivischer Darstellung.
-
figure 1 a hydrostatic unit with a hydraulic machine designed as an axial piston machine and a hydraulic axis according to an embodiment, in a partially sectioned side view, -
figure 2 according to a cooling module of the axial piston machinefigure 1 in partial perspective view, -
figure 3 the cooling module according tofigure 2 in a partially perspective and partially sectioned view, -
figure 4 the cooling module according toFigure 2 and 3 in a longitudinal section, and -
figure 5 a cross section of the cooling module in a perspective view.
Gemäß
Darüber hinaus ist in einem vom Gehäusemantel 6 und der Zylindertrommel 16 begrenzten Ringraum eine von Kühlmittel durchströmbare, hohle Kühleinrichtung 26 zur Abfuhr thermischer Energie aus dem Gehäuse 4 angeordnet. Diese umgreift die Zylindertrommel 16 vollumfänglich und dient der Kühlung von in den Gehäuseinnenraum aufgrund von Leckage gelangendem Druckmittel. Wie bereits erwähnt liegt der heißeste und verlustbehaftetste Punkt in einem hydraulischen Kreislauf in der hydrostatischen Axialkolbenmaschine 2. Dementsprechend weist auch das genannte Druckmittel dort die höchste Temperatur auf. Durch die im Ringraum angeordnete Kühleinrichtung 26 wird die thermische Energie genau an diesem Punkt an ein darin strömendes Kühlmittel, beispielsweise Wasser, übertragen. Dadurch ist ein ΔT an dieser Stelle sehr hoch und der Wärmeübergangskoeffizient α ebenfalls. Damit kann auf kleiner Wärmetauschfläche eine große Wärmemenge übertragen werden. In Folge entfällt ein bedeutend größerer Wärmetauscher, der extern zur Verfügung gestellt werden müsste. Aufgrund ihrer additiven Fertigung weist die Kühleinrichtung 26 eine optimierte Geometrie bezüglich Strömungsdruckverlust und Wärmeübertagung auf und kann so besonders kompakt ausgestaltet sein. Die Kühleinrichtung 26 besteht aus dem gleichen Material, wie der Gehäuseabschnitt 10 und ist an diesen additiv angeformt, das heißt additiv mit diesem verbunden. Der Gehäuseabschnitt 10 ist wiederum kostengünstig spanend gefertigt, da seine Geometrie keine komplexen Formen aufweisen muss, sondern lediglich eine hohe Festigkeit.In addition, a
Das Gehäuse 4 mit einem Gehäusemantel 6 und einem Gehäuseboden oder Topfboden 8 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel von einem Steuerblock des Aggregats 1 gebildet, der insbesondere Steuerventile und einen Motor-Pumpenträger (nicht dargestellt) trägt. Die Axialkolbenmaschine 2, der Steuerblock, das Kühlmodul 28, beziehungsweise 10, 26, der Motor-Pumpenträger und die Achse 12 sind somit zu einem extrem kompakten Bauteil mit minimalem Bauraumbedarf aggregiert.The housing 4 with a
Der Gehäuseabschnitt 10 bildet zusammen mit der Kühleinrichtung 26 ein einstückiges Kühlmodul 28, dessen Aufbau in den
Gemäß
Mittig aus einem plattenförmigen Grundkörper des Gehäuseabschnitts 10 erstreckt sich ein im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel zylindrischer Sockel 38, an dem die Kühleinrichtung 26 angesetzt ist. Diese ist als mäanderndes Wärmetauschrohr ausgestaltet, dessen Zulauf 40 mit dem Zulaufkanal 32 und dessen Ablauf 42 mit dem Ablaufkanal 34 verbunden ist. Mäander 44 der Kühleinrichtung erstrecken sich axial mit parallelen Längsabschnitten 46, wobei benachbarte Längsabschnitte 46 wechselweise distal und proximal über einen Bodenabschnitt 48 verbunden sind.A
Wenigstens zwei benachbarte Längsabschnitten 46 sind, insbesondere zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit und/oder zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs, über eine Reihe Streben 50, im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit abwechselndem Strebenwinkel, verbunden.At least two adjacent
Des Weiteren gibt die Ansicht den Blick frei auf sich an den Bogenabschnitten 48 nach axial erstreckenden Hohlkörperfortsätze 54. Diese habe eine Quaderform mit zwei nach axial offenen Kammern 56 und vergrößern die Wärmeaustauschfläche der Kühleinrichtung 26. Aufgrund der additiven Fertigung sind an dieser Stelle hohe Freiheitsgrade im Design der Kühleinrichtung 26, sowohl den inneren Strömungsquerschnitt betreffend als auch außenseitig hin zum Gehäuseinnenraum, gegeben.The view also gives a clear view of the
Eine solche Möglichkeit zeigt die
Zudem sind auf einem Teilkreis angeordnete, nierenförmige Sockel 62 spanend gefertigt, an denen Bogenabschnitte der Kühleinrichtung 26 ansetzen (nicht dargestellt).In addition, kidney-shaped
Offenbart ist ein Kühlmodul für eine Hydromaschine, dessen durchströmbare Kühleinrichtung einstückig mit einem zur Befestigung ausgelegten Grundkörper des Kühlmoduls gebildet ist, und das zumindest abschnittsweise additiv gefertigt ist, wobei die Kühleinrichtung zur Anordnung, insbesondere zum Einsetzen oder Eintauchen, in ein Gehäuse der Hydromaschine, zwischen deren Triebwerk und dem Gehäuse, vorgesehen ist.Disclosed is a cooling module for a hydraulic machine, the flow-through cooling device of which is formed in one piece with a base body of the cooling module designed for attachment, and which is additively manufactured at least in sections, the cooling device for arrangement, in particular for insertion or immersion, in a housing of the hydraulic machine, between whose engine and the housing is provided.
Offenbart ist weiterhin eine Hydromaschine mit einem derartigen Kühlmodul, wobei vom Grundkörper ein Gehäuseabschnitt der Hydromaschine gebildet ist, insbesondere ein Gehäusedeckel oder Flansch. Des Weiteren ist ein hydrostatisches Aggregat mit der Hydromaschine offenbart, wobei fest mit deren Gehäuse, eine Antriebsmaschine, insbesondere Elektromaschine, verbunden ist.Also disclosed is a hydraulic machine with such a cooling module, with a housing section of the hydraulic machine being formed by the base body, in particular a housing cover or flange. Furthermore, a hydrostatic unit with the hydraulic machine is disclosed, with a drive machine, in particular an electric machine, being firmly connected to its housing.
- 11
- hydraulisches Aggregathydraulic aggregate
- 22
- Axialkolbenpumpeaxial piston pump
- 44
- GehäuseHousing
- 66
- Gehäusemantelhousing jacket
- 88th
- Topfbodenpot bottom
- 1010
- Gehäuseabschnitthousing section
- 1212
- hydraulische Achsehydraulic axis
- 1414
- Triebwelledrive shaft
- 1616
- Zylindertrommelcylinder drum
- 1818
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 2020
- Arbeitskolbenworking piston
- 2222
- Schrägscheibeswashplate
- 2424
- Steuerscheibecontrol disc
- 2626
- Kühleinrichtungcooling device
- 2828
- Kühlmodulcooling module
- 3030
- Randseiteedge side
- 3232
- Zulaufkanalinlet channel
- 3434
- Ablaufkanaldrain channel
- 3636
- Befestigungsbolzenmounting bolts
- 38, 38'38, 38'
- Sockelbase
- 4040
- ZulaufIntake
- 4242
- Ablaufprocess
- 4444
- Mäander/Wellemeander/wave
- 4646
- Längsabschnittlongitudinal section
- 4848
- Bodenabschnittbottom section
- 5050
- Strebenstriving
- 52, 52'52, 52'
- Schnittstelleinterface
- 5454
- Hohlraumfortsatzcavity process
- 5656
- Kammerchamber
- 5858
- Durchgangsausnehmungthrough hole
- 6060
- Stirnseiteface
- 6262
- Sockelbase
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021202489.0A DE102021202489A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-03-15 | Cooling module for a hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine with it, and hydraulic unit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4060185A1 true EP4060185A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
Family
ID=80682650
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22160386.3A Pending EP4060185A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2022-03-07 | Cooling module for a hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine using the same, and hydraulic unit |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4060185A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220128948A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102021202489A1 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2703686A1 (en) | 1977-01-29 | 1978-08-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Variable volume high pressure hydraulic pump - has separate throttled circuit for cooling and lubricating oil supplied to main pump |
DE9411163U1 (en) | 1994-07-09 | 1995-12-21 | O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 13581 Berlin | Device for cooling at least one traction pump and / or at least one traction motor of a hydrostatic traction drive |
JPH08226412A (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1996-09-03 | Takeuchi Seisakusho:Kk | Hydraulic circuit for motor |
DE102012000986B3 (en) | 2012-01-22 | 2013-05-23 | Arburg Gmbh + Co Kg | Hydraulic device with a tempering device |
CN106224228A (en) | 2016-08-27 | 2016-12-14 | 石延宾 | A kind of hydraulic pump |
DE102018200930A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axis with the hydraulic machine |
EP3737862A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2020-11-18 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic assembly having the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axle having the hydraulic machine |
-
2021
- 2021-03-15 DE DE102021202489.0A patent/DE102021202489A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-03-07 EP EP22160386.3A patent/EP4060185A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-08 KR KR1020220029073A patent/KR20220128948A/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2703686A1 (en) | 1977-01-29 | 1978-08-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Variable volume high pressure hydraulic pump - has separate throttled circuit for cooling and lubricating oil supplied to main pump |
DE9411163U1 (en) | 1994-07-09 | 1995-12-21 | O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 13581 Berlin | Device for cooling at least one traction pump and / or at least one traction motor of a hydrostatic traction drive |
JPH08226412A (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1996-09-03 | Takeuchi Seisakusho:Kk | Hydraulic circuit for motor |
DE102012000986B3 (en) | 2012-01-22 | 2013-05-23 | Arburg Gmbh + Co Kg | Hydraulic device with a tempering device |
CN106224228A (en) | 2016-08-27 | 2016-12-14 | 石延宾 | A kind of hydraulic pump |
EP3737862A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2020-11-18 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic assembly having the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axle having the hydraulic machine |
DE102018200930A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axis with the hydraulic machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20220128948A (en) | 2022-09-22 |
DE102021202489A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2921702B1 (en) | Engine-pump unit | |
EP2921703B1 (en) | Engine-pump unit | |
EP2224107B1 (en) | Cooling device for engine and/or gearbox oil, in particular of a combustion engine | |
EP3504433B2 (en) | Motor pump device | |
EP2419991B1 (en) | Generator cooling arrangement of a wind turbine | |
DE1933287A1 (en) | Rotary machine | |
EP4210980B1 (en) | Electric propulsion unit and vehicle with such an electric propulsion unit | |
EP1495227B1 (en) | Hydraulic pump unit | |
EP4060185A1 (en) | Cooling module for a hydraulic machine, hydraulic machine using the same, and hydraulic unit | |
WO2006053857A1 (en) | Shell-and-tube high-pressure heat exchanger | |
DE102020003929A1 (en) | Pump arrangement | |
DE102007036032A1 (en) | Submersible motor with heat exchanger | |
EP3737862B1 (en) | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic assembly having the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axle having the hydraulic machine | |
WO1984000409A1 (en) | Hydrostatic driving device particularly for mixer drums of concrete-mixer trucks | |
DE102018200930A1 (en) | Hydraulic machine, hydraulic unit with the hydraulic machine, and hydraulic axis with the hydraulic machine | |
EP2745011B1 (en) | Motor-pump-unit | |
EP1925823B1 (en) | External gear machine | |
AT504984B1 (en) | INJECTION AND OUTLET CONTROL FOR AN AXIAL PISTON MACHINE | |
DE102007024617B4 (en) | Heat exchange module and gearbox | |
DE4236624A1 (en) | ||
EP1159553B1 (en) | Hydraulic drive | |
DE20305281U1 (en) | Fluid cooling of electronics is provided by circulating pump that has integral electrical motor | |
WO2023011894A1 (en) | Spur gear transmission | |
DE102012206520A1 (en) | Vane machine has control element having bearing surfaces with axial inlet and outlet openings which are in fluid communication with radial inlet and outlet openings of cam portions through communicating passages | |
EP4381206A1 (en) | Spur gear transmission |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20230321 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20240402 |