Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
  • C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
  • C12H1/22—Ageing or ripening by storing, e.g. lagering of beer
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
  • C12G1/00—Preparation of wine or sparkling wine

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an arrangement of tanks and a cellar comprising such an arrangement of tanks.
• This disclosure relates to the field of wine cellars, more particularly vats for the wine industry, including winemaking and wine storage.
• the current cellars require the construction of foundations, metal frames, walls, roofs, passageways, grape and wine transfer pipes.
• the tanks are arranged inside a building and aligned in rows separated by circulation aisles generally between 2 and 4 meters wide. At least one door and one drain valve are located on the vertical wall of each tank on the aisle side. In the building where the tanks are located, the air volume above the tanks and in the aisles is very high and consumes energy.
• the fluid distribution pipes in particular chilled water for heat exchange with the product contained in the tanks, gas for appropriate specific treatments of this product, compressed air, and energy, more particularly the electrical supply, to the tanks. , extend over great distances and require the installation of support infrastructures, expensive and difficult to clean.
• This disclosure improves the situation. Its particular aim is to provide an arrangement of tanks making it possible to obtain a much more compact cellar, presenting compared to a cellar of the prior art with the same production capacity at a lower volume and / or a significantly reduced footprint.
• [6] - a first substantially horizontal level defining a circulation and / or support plane corresponding to the floor of a free space of tanks
• [7] - first tanks having an upper face, said first tanks being arranged so that their upper faces are located below or at the height of the first level,
• [8] - second tanks having an underside arranged at the height of the first level or above the first level
• the free space constituting for example a tunnel, is disposed at the heart of the arrangement and allows from this single place to access first tanks, second tanks and third tanks .
• the tanks are thus grouped around this space, which allows for a very compact layout.
• By their arrangement it is also possible to pass the product from one tank to another from free space.
• the latter can be used as a workspace and can accommodate various machines (presses, pumps, product transfer piping, electrical networks, etc.).
• the second tanks correspond to the second and third tanks or to the upper and lower side tanks of the detailed description of a particular embodiment with reference to the drawing made later while that the third tanks here (and in the claims) correspond to the fourth tanks of the detailed description.
• the latter comprises: [14] - a second substantially horizontal level arranged at a distance, at least 1.80 m, and above the first level, and:
• the second tanks have a lower face arranged at the height of the first level or between the first level and the second level and an upper face arranged at or above the second level,
• the third tanks have a lower face arranged at or above the second level (6).
• the first tanks, the second tanks and the third tanks advantageously have a substantially parallelepipedal shape. It is then possible to place them side by side (or one on top of the other) without wasting space.
• the first tanks each have a substantially horizontal upper face, and the upper faces of the first tanks are advantageously substantially in the same horizontal plane.
• the upper faces of the first tanks can define the first level of the tank arrangement.
• the first tanks preferably all have substantially the same height and are arranged side by side.
• the second tanks and the third tanks each have a horizontal upper face, and the upper faces of the second tanks and of the third tanks are located substantially in the same horizontal plane. We then define, especially with parallelepipedal tanks, an upper level for access from above to the second and third tanks.
• An alternative embodiment provides that the third tanks each have a substantially horizontal lower face, and that the lower faces of the third tanks are located substantially in the same horizontal plane.
• the tanks are for example arranged in an optimized manner so that the free space is a tunnel formed above the first tanks, between the second tanks and below the third tanks, said tunnel being a rectilinear tunnel opening at its two ends.
• An alternative embodiment provides for an arrangement which comprises lower side tanks and upper side tanks arranged above the lower side tanks, in which the lower side tanks and the upper side tanks are arranged in two parallel rows and in which the free space is located between said two rows of tanks.
• the first level to be separated from the second level by a distance of between 2 and 3 meters, that the first tanks have a height of between 2 and 3 meters. and 3 meters, that the second tanks have a height of between 4 and 6 meters, and that the third tanks have a height of between 2 and 3 meters.
• each tank of a tank arrangement described here is accessible from free space.
• the present invention also relates to a cellar, characterized in that it comprises tanks arranged as described above.
• Such a cellar is advantageously at least partially buried, the upper faces of the second tanks and the upper faces of the third tanks not being entirely covered with earth so as to allow free access to the hatches located at the level of said upper faces.
• FIG. 1 shows in perspective an arrangement of vats, for example vats intended to be used for making wine.
• FIG. 2 shows in perspective a cellar integrating the arrangement of tanks in Figure 1.
• FIG. 3 shows the cellar of FIG. 2 from another angle of view.
• FIG. 4 shows the cellar of Figures 2 and 3 in section.
• Fig. 5 shows the cellar of Figures 2 and 3 in section.
• FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of an arrangement of tanks.
• FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of an underground cellar.
• FIG. 7 is an elevational side view of another alternative embodiment of an underground cellar.
• FIG. 8 shows the cellar of figure 7 in front view.
• FIG. 9 shows a top view of the cellar of Figures 7 and 8 as well as its environment.
• FIG. 10 is a view in longitudinal section along a substantially median sectional plane of the cellar of FIGS. 7 to 9.
• FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the cellar of Figures 7 to 10.
• FIG. 1 It is specified that this is a particular arrangement of tanks corresponding to a preferred embodiment for a predetermined size of a cellar.
• FIG. 1 Note in Figure 1 an arrangement of four types of tanks. These tanks are arranged substantially side by side and are inscribed in a parallelepipedal, almost cubic volume. At the heart of the arrangement of tanks, we notice the presence of a passage 2, or tunnel or corridor, which has the particularity of having access to all the tanks.
• This passage is designed to allow access to all the tanks of the arrangement: for some tanks, the passage allows access to a drain hatch, for others to a filling hatch.
• This set of tanks can of course be associated with other buildings, possibly other tanks not accessible through the passage, or tunnel, without departing from the scope of the present description.
• the arrangement of the tanks is oriented as during its use.
• the tanks being intended to be filled with a liquid (even a must with many solid particles is considered here as a liquid) and a horizontal orientation and an up / down orientation corresponding to gravity are thus naturally defined.
• This passage 2 is intended to receive materials and people for the making of wine. It thus has a substantially horizontal floor 4 which defines a first level of the arrangement of tanks. This floor 4 may for example have steps or other unevenness. It is designed to support wine-growing equipment such as a press and allows the movement not only of people but also of motorized trolleys or other light vehicles. This soil is part of the structure of the tank arrangement.
• a ceiling 6 Parallel to floor 4, at a distance from and above it, is a ceiling 6 which defines a second level. So that people can traveling through passage 2, it is expected that the second level is at least 1.80 m, preferably at least 2.00 m, above the first level.
• the floor 4 is formed by the upper faces of the tanks.
• First tanks 10 are arranged below the first level, that is to say below ground 4. Conventionally, each of these tanks has an upper opening 12 for filling the corresponding tank. Such openings are made in a conventional manner at the highest point of the tank. These first tanks 10 are such that their upper openings 12 are at the first level, that is to say at ground level 4, or else below this level.
• the first tanks 10, in the illustrated embodiment, are all similar. They are of generally parallelepipedal shape and have the same dimensions, for a capacity of for example 170 hl (ie 17 m 3 ). All the numerical examples are given purely by way of illustration and are not limiting. Here we have six first tanks 10 arranged next to each other in two rows of three tanks. The tanks are shown here side by side but one could provide between two tanks an air space and / or a thermal insulation and / or for the passage of pipes and / or communication stairs, etc.
• first parallelepipedal tanks 10 it is preferred to arrange all the first tanks 10 so that their upper face (that with an upper opening 12) is in the same plane.
• This plane possibly covered with a coating or a superstructure) then defines the level of the ground 4.
• the upper faces of the first tanks 10 are then at the level of the ground 4 or else below the latter. It It is thus possible to fill the first tanks 10 by gravity from passage 2.
• the height of the first tanks 10 (measured vertically) is between 2 and 3 m.
• Passage 2 is bordered laterally on one side by second tanks 20 and on the other side by third tanks 30.
• the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 are parallelepipedal tanks which come to rest directly on the first tanks 10. However, an interface or the like can be provided between these tanks, for example to distribute the mass of the tanks which rest on the first tanks 10. It would also be possible to envisage carrying the second tanks 20 and / or the third tanks 30 on pillars passing between or outside (or crossing) the first tanks 10.
• the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 have drain openings 22. It is provided in the invention that these drain openings 22 are accessible from the passage 2. These drain openings 22 are therefore located between the first level corresponding to floor 4 and the second level corresponding to ceiling 6.
• the passage 2 is thus, in the preferred embodiment, between a row of second tanks 20 and a row of third tanks 30 (one could have on either side of the passage tanks of other types, a mixture of vats, etc.). Still in a preferred and non-obligatory manner, the tanks being parallelepipedal, provision is made each time that a vertical wall of a second tank 20 (third tank 30) opposite the passage 2 is in the vertical alignment of a wall of a first tank 10. Likewise, provision is preferably made for the walls of the tanks laterally delimiting the passage 2 to be all aligned, but here too, an offset between two neighboring tanks may be permitted.
• One can for example provide a passage whose width varies, for example a passage of increasing width from one end to the other.
• the height of the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 measured vertically is between 4 and 6 meters. Even more preferably, all the tanks (second tanks 20 and third tanks 30) have the same height so that their upper faces are all in the same plane defining here a third level, or roof 50, of the arrangement of tanks.
• the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 each have a lower face (oriented towards the first tanks). This lower face is preferably flat, more preferably horizontal, and even better resting on first tanks 10. These lower faces of second tanks 20 and third tanks 30 are advantageously located between the first level defined by the floor 4 and the second. level defined by the ceiling 6.
• the main difference between the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 are their capacities. It is for example possible to have second tanks 20 of 64 hl (ie 6.4 m 3 ) and third tanks of 140 hl (ie 14 m 3 ) by way of purely illustrative and non-limiting example. This makes it possible to have vats of different capacities, as is usually the case in a cellar.
• fourth tanks 40 there are also fourth tanks 40 in the arrangement shown. These fourth tanks 40 are arranged above the ceiling 6 so that a drain opening located under a fourth tank 40 is accessible from the passage 2.
• the fourth tanks 40 are arranged between the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30. These fourth tanks 40 can be carried by the second tanks 20 and the third tanks. third tanks 30 and / or they can be carried by the first tanks 10 and / or by an independent structure.
• the fourth tanks are preferably parallelepipedal. Other forms can also be considered.
• the fourth tanks 40 adjoin on one side the second tanks 20 and on the other side the third tanks 30.
• the fourth tanks 40 are contiguous to each other.
• these characteristics are advantageous characteristics.
• a space can be provided between two neighboring tanks (for a day well, insulation, a passage for a fluid or electricity pipe, a staircase, etc.).
• the fourth tanks 40 have an upper surface which is flat, horizontal and which comes to the same level as the roof 50 defined by the upper faces of the second tanks. 20 and third tanks 30.
• Each of the second tanks 20, third tanks 30 and fourth tanks 40 has a filling opening on its upper face. Each filling opening is associated with a cover 14. All of these are then at the same level, that is to say at the level of the roof 50.
• the roof 50 can be made in the open as shown in the drawing. However, provision can be made to cover it with an open or closed structure (building).
• a staircase could also be provided inside or outside the arrangement of tanks making it possible to go from floor 4 to roof 50.
• the fourth tanks 40 each have a capacity of 80 hl (or 8 m 3 ).
• the set of tanks according to the arrangement described has a substantially parallelepipedal, almost cubic outer casing.
• the bottom of the parallelepiped is "filled” with the first tanks 10.
• the second tanks 20 and third tanks 30 are aligned on the outside with the first tanks 10 and form side walls of the parallelepiped.
• the fourth tanks 40 come to close the parallelepiped on the top leaving free passage 2 which crosses from one face to the other of the large parallelepiped.
• FIGs 2 and 3 illustrate a cellar incorporating the arrangement of tanks of Figure 2.
• this arrangement of tanks is partially buried. This ensures thermal insulation of the tanks.
• Inclined planes 52 provide access to the roof 50 and thus to the covers 14 of the second, third and fourth tanks.
• the lids of the first tanks 10 are accessible through passage 2.
• the two ends of passage 2 open to the open air in the illustrated embodiment. Of course, provision is made to close each of them with a door which is not shown in the drawing.
• passage 2 can be open as illustrated, or closed at one and / or the other of its ends.
• Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views, one showing a first end of passage 2, the other showing the other end of passage 2.
• Figure 4 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the cellar of Figures 2 and 3. This section allows a better view of the inside of passage 2. This serves as an access space to the tanks but also workspace. As illustrated here, it can for example receive a press 54.
• Offices, sales space, bottling space, storage space, etc. can be associated with the arrangement of tanks described.
• FIG 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of an arrangement of tanks.
• the structure of the tank arrangement of Figure 1 and reference is made here to the description of this Figure 1.
• the references used for the description of the previous figures are repeated here to denote similar elements.
• a main difference here is the presence of a corridor 60 below the passage 2.
• This corridor 60 is formed between two rows of first tanks 10. It is then advantageous to provide in this corridor drain openings 22 for them. first tanks 10. In this way, the first tanks 10 can be emptied by gravity from the passage 60 (and by pumping from the passage 2).
• a slab 62 (or a grid or equivalent) separates the corridor 60 from the passage 2.
• FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of an underground cellar.
• This cellar incorporates another variant of an arrangement of tanks.
• a passage 60 between the first tanks 10 there is the presence of a structure 70, which can be opened or closed, to cover the roof 50.
• FIG. 6 also shows the presence of bases 80, for example concrete, arranged, on the one hand, between the first tanks 10 and the second tanks 20 and, on the other hand, between the first tanks 10 and the third tanks 30.
• bases 80 for example concrete
• the second tanks 20 and the third tanks 30 are raised, for example by approximately 0.50 m relative to the ground 4 which is formed here by the upper face of the first tanks 10 (and the slab 62) .
• the drain openings 22 and the corresponding valve are not located at ground level 4 but higher, which makes it possible to facilitate the withdrawal and draining operations.
• Figures 7 to 11 show another alternative embodiment of a cellar according to the present disclosure, said cellar comprising an arrangement of tanks associated with technical and commercial premises.
• Figure 7 shows the cellar in elevation, side view, in its surroundings. As a result, the arrangement of tanks is hidden because buried and the visible part corresponds for example to technical and / or commercial premises. Only the structure 70 provided to cover the roof of the arrangement of tanks is visible in this figure 7.
• Figure 8 is an example of a facade. We note here the presence of three levels: a lower level partially buried with a side access 82, a middle level provided for example with a loading dock 84 and an upper level.
• FIG. 11 corresponds to a section comparable to that of Figure 6 for this embodiment of the arrangement of tanks.
• first tanks 10 which are located at a level corresponding to the lower level of FIG. 8, a passage 2 which corresponds to the median level of FIG. 8 and “fourth” tanks 40 which correspond to the upper level of FIG. 8.
• Passage 2 here also has a substantially flat floor (possibly with steps, drainage channels and / or inclined planes to avoid the stagnation of liquids, etc.) forming a floor 4.
• This passage 2 has the shape of a passage and thus defines a longitudinal direction (horizontal and perpendicular to the section plane of FIG. 11. This passage preferably extends over the entire length of the arrangement of tanks. However, one could envisage the presence from a vat to one and / or the other end of this passage 2.
• This passage 2 is intended to receive wine-growing equipment, such as a press for example, and its floor 4 must be able to support heavy static loads but also allow the movement of people and motorized trolleys transporting loads
• the floor 4 is integrated into the structure of the arrangement of tanks.
• the first tanks 10 are located below the floor 4 in the middle position with respect to the longitudinal axis defined by the passage 2. These first tanks 101 are aligned longitudinally in two rows and this double row is bordered on each side by a longitudinal corridor 64.
• the width of a first longitudinal corridor 64, of the two rows of first tanks 10 and of the second longitudinal corridor 64 corresponds for example, as illustrated in FIG. 11, substantially to the width of the passage 2.
• each longitudinal passage 64 is also bordered by a row of lower side tanks 25.
• These lower side tanks 25 are arranged so that it is possible to withdraw liquid from them (and to remove liquid from them). drain them) from a longitudinal corridor 64.
• the height of these lower side tanks 25 is such that they extend above ground level 4 and that they can be filled from passage 2. These lower side tanks 25 are therefore mounted on the ground. 4.
• the upper side tanks 35 are arranged above the lower side tanks 25.
• the side walls of the passage 2 are formed in the lower part by the upper parts of the lower side tanks 25 and in the upper part by the lower parts of the tanks.
• the bottom wall of the upper side tanks 35 (and / or the top wall of the lower side tanks 25) are preferably located at an intermediate level between the floor 4 and the low level of the fourth tanks 40.
• the arrangement of tanks proposed here is made around passage 2 extending longitudinally like a corridor, passage 2 being above first tanks, between second tanks (the lower side tanks 25). and third tanks (the upper side tanks 35) and below fourth tanks 40.
• all the tanks of the arrangement are accessible from passage 2 (either for drawing off and / or emptying, or to allow filling).
• Passage 2 is equipped with tools, for example press, pumps, cooling or heating devices, etc. as one finds in a classic way in a cellar.
• the structure proposed here is a parallelepipedic structure and passage 2 forms a through passage (or at least opening out) in the center of this parallelepipedic structure.
• Figures 9 and 10 show an example of the integration of the arrangement of tanks described in a cellar.
• the lower level corresponds to the level of the longitudinal corridors 64 and this lower level is for example on one level with the longitudinal corridors 64.
• the middle level corresponds to passage 2 and has a floor as an extension of the floor 4.
• the upper level is at the level of the fourth tanks 40.
• the floor of this upper level is here a little above the low point of the fourth tanks. 40 which have a bottom in the form of a hopper.
• the floor of this upper level is substantially at the level of the top of the hoppers.
• a stairwell 100 against the arrangement of tanks between said arrangement and the technical and / or commercial premises.
• this stairwell serves the three levels described above as well as the roof 50.
• a cellar for aging and keeping 110 wines.
• a packaging room 120 and storage of the packaged products can be provided.
• a technical room 130 and on the opposite side there can be a technical room 130 and on the opposite side, a cellar 140 and / or offices.
• the lateral access 82 described above then allows for example access to the cellar for maturing and storing 110 wines.
• the loading dock 84 provides access to the packaging and storage room 120: wine deliveries can be made from this loading dock.
• a 150 car park is provided at cellar 140.
• the reception of the emptying can be done at the level of the roof 50.
• the harvest is carried to the press, for example by passing through the fireplace 75. It is thus possible to directly press the harvest for white wine making.
• the harvest can be vatted in the fourth vats 40.
• the reds can be run off (figures 7-11) for example from the fourth vats 40 to a side vat, for example a lower lateral vat 25
• the red wine can also be devatted directly from a fourth tank 40 to the press which is located in passage 2.
• the press juice leaving the press can be directed to the first tanks 10, below passage 2.
• the proposed arrangement of tanks allows a very significant saving in space, both in terms of the footprint and for the overall volume. Instead of having tanks with aisles separating them and a building around the tanks, here we have tanks that serve both as a container and at the same time as an outer enclosure.
• tanks made of concrete This material is both compatible with the production of wine and with the construction of buildings.
• concrete is a porous material with good inertia. thermal and that its use allows gas exchange between the inside and the outside of the tanks, which is favorable.
• the overall height of the arrangement of tanks is preferably limited, for example less than 10 meters, preferably less than 8 meters and more preferably between 6 and 7 meters.
• the height of the first tanks above, i.e. the tanks located below the floor of the passage and the fourth tanks above, i.e. the tanks located above the passage is preferably limited to about 2 meters so as to avoid settling of the lees and to promote clarification of the wine.
• the tanks are preferably side by side, or at least less than 1 m one from the other, more preferably less than 0.50 m and more preferably less than 0.20 m from each other.
• the proposed arrangements implement four types (sizes) of tanks. Those skilled in the art understand that this is an illustrative example. These arrangements make it possible to create a cellar for the production of red, rosé and white wines.
• the solution is ecological because its footprint is limited and it greatly limits energy consumption. Since the overall volume is small, controlling the temperature in each tank requires less energy than with a prior art cellar. It is not necessary to heat / cool a large building: the air conditioning volume can be divided by 6 compared to a prior art arrangement. In addition, the arrangement of the tanks in a stepped manner allows transfers by gravity, thus also limiting energy consumption.
• the work for making wine can be done in a more ergonomic way. Thanks to the compactness of the structure, the surfaces to be washed are divided by 6 compared to a conventional arrangement. In addition, the distances to be covered are divided by 2, also facilitating the work of the winegrowers. Access to the tanks is also easier. Note that in the illustrated embodiments, it is not necessary to provide a platform to access the tanks: access can be via the roof of the structure (of the arrangement of tanks), through the passage provided at the heart of the arrangement or by the corridor (s) arranged at the level of the first tanks.

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• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-08-02 FR FR1908908A patent/FR3099510B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-07-31 WO PCT/FR2020/051415 patent/WO2021023932A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-07-31 EP EP20820243.2A patent/EP4055133A1/de active Pending

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