EP4022759A1 - Drive method for a dc-dc voltage converter, and dc-dc voltage converter - Google Patents
Drive method for a dc-dc voltage converter, and dc-dc voltage converterInfo
- Publication number
- EP4022759A1 EP4022759A1 EP20754242.4A EP20754242A EP4022759A1 EP 4022759 A1 EP4022759 A1 EP 4022759A1 EP 20754242 A EP20754242 A EP 20754242A EP 4022759 A1 EP4022759 A1 EP 4022759A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- switching
- full bridge
- transformer
- connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling a DC voltage converter.
- the present invention also relates to a DC voltage converter, in particular a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter.
- DC voltage converters are known for converting a first DC voltage into a second DC voltage with a different voltage level.
- the group of DC voltage converters also includes so-called phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converters.
- these DC voltage converters can also implement a power transfer from the secondary side to the primary side, provided that active switching elements are also used on the secondary side.
- DC voltage converters can be used to couple a high-voltage network of an electric vehicle to the low-voltage network of the vehicle and to transmit electrical energy between the two on-board networks of such an electric vehicle.
- the document DE 102016 200 662 A1 discloses a bidirectional DC voltage converter for transferring energy between a high-voltage network and a low-voltage network of an electric vehicle.
- the converter comprises at least one transformer for galvanic separation of the two vehicle electrical systems, electronic switches for reversing the polarity of the windings Transformer and a control device for controlling the switch.
- the DC voltage converter should enable an intermediate circuit capacitor to be charged on the high-voltage side.
- the present invention discloses a method for controlling a DC voltage converter and a DC voltage converter with the features of the independent claims. Further embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
- a method for controlling a DC / DC converter comprises a primary-side full bridge and a transformer.
- the transformer is arranged between the full bridge on the primary side and a secondary side of the DC / DC converter.
- the method for controlling the DC / DC converter alternately controls a first diagonal branch and a second diagonal branch of the primary-side full bridge.
- the first diagonal branch is complementary to the second diagonal branch of the primary-side full bridge.
- the switching elements of the full bridge can be activated alternately according to a first switching sequence and a second switching sequence. In the first switching sequence, between driving the first diagonal branch and driving the second diagonal branch of the primary-side full bridge, a primary side of the transformer is short-circuited by means of the upper switching elements of the primary-side full bridge.
- the primary side of the transformer is short-circuited between the activation of the first diagonal branch and the activation of the second diagonal branch of the primary-side full bridge by means of the lower switching elements of the primary-side full bridge.
- the primary side of the transformer can also be short-circuited by means of the upper switching elements or the lower switching elements between the activation of the second diagonal branch and the activation of the first diagonal branch. It is also provided:
- a DC voltage converter in particular a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter, with a primary-side full bridge and a transformer.
- the transformer can be arranged between the primary-side full bridge and a secondary side of the DC voltage converter.
- the primary-side full bridge can be arranged between a primary-side DC voltage connection of the DC voltage converter and a primary side of the transformer.
- the DC voltage converter comprises a control device.
- the control device can be designed to control the switching elements of the primary-side full bridge according to the method according to the invention.
- the present invention is based on the knowledge that with a conventional control of a DC voltage converter, such as a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter, the switching elements in the primary-side full bridge are controlled according to a fixed, predetermined switching sequence.
- a DC voltage converter such as a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter
- the switching elements of a half bridge of the full bridge have to be switched hard, that is, there is a significant voltage drop across the switching element during the switch-on process.
- the switching elements of the other half bridge can optionally be switched softly, that is, there is no significant voltage drop across the switching element during the switch-on process.
- the switching sequence for controlling the switching elements in the primary-side full bridge is modified.
- the modified switching sequence makes it possible that the same switching elements are not always operated with hard switching or soft switching.
- the power loss is evenly distributed over the individual switching elements, it is also possible, if necessary, to use switching elements with higher switch-on losses. Furthermore, the design of the cooling is less critical.
- connection of the connection elements on the primary side of the transformer takes place by means of the lower switching elements of the primary-side full bridge.
- the connection elements on the primary side of the transformer are electrically connected by means of the upper switching elements of the primary-side full bridge. This takes place between each activation of a diagonal branch in the full bridge on the primary side each electrically connect the connection elements on the primary side of the transformer.
- a primary-side short circuit of the transformer takes place via the upper or the lower switching elements of the primary-side full bridge.
- the change between the first switching sequence and the second switching sequence takes place after a predetermined number of switching cycles.
- the actuation of a diagonal branch for example, can be viewed as a switching cycle.
- the actuation of a first diagonal branch first and then the second diagonal branch can also be considered as a switching cycle.
- the change between the switching sequence and the second switching sequence can also take place after predetermined time intervals or any other criteria.
- a temperature at one or more switching elements of the first full bridge can also be monitored and a change between the first and the second switching sequence can take place when a predetermined limit temperature is reached.
- the change from the second switching sequence back to the first switching sequence can also take place according to the same or corresponding criteria.
- the DC voltage converter in the method for controlling the DC voltage converter, is controlled in a discontinuous operating mode (DCM).
- DCM discontinuous operating mode
- electrical energy is fed into the transformer for a predetermined period of time via a diagonal branch of the primary-side DC voltage converter, so that an increasing electrical current is established in the transformer.
- the primary side of the transformer is then short-circuited and the electrical current in the transformer drops to 0 amperes.
- This process is then repeated by controlling the complementary diagonal branch in the primary-side full bridge with the opposite sign.
- the primary-side full bridge can comprise a first half bridge and a second half bridge.
- the first half bridge can comprise a first upper switching element and a first lower switching element.
- the second half bridge can comprise a second upper switching element and a second lower switching element.
- the first upper switching element can be arranged between a first connection element of the primary-side direct voltage connection and a first node.
- the first lower switching element can be arranged between the first node and a second connection of the primary-side direct voltage connection.
- the second upper switching element can be arranged between the first connection element of the primary-side direct voltage connection and a second node.
- the second lower switching element can be arranged between the second node and the second connection element of the primary-side direct voltage connection.
- the first node can be connected to a first connection element on the primary side of the transformer and the second node can be connected to a second connection element on the primary side of the transformer. In this way, the first upper switching element and the second lower switching element form a first diagonal branch. Similarly, the second upper switching element and the first lower switching element form a second diagonal branch which is complementary to the first diagonal branch.
- Figure 1 a schematic representation of a basic circuit diagram, as it is a
- DC-DC converter according to one embodiment is based
- FIG. 2-5 each show basic circuit diagrams of different switching states during the activation of a DC voltage converter according to an embodiment
- FIG. 6 a schematic representation of a flow chart as it is a
- This is based on a method for controlling a DC voltage converter according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a basic circuit diagram on the basis of a DC voltage converter 1 according to an embodiment.
- the DC voltage converter 1 can be, for example, a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter.
- the DC / DC converter comprises a primary-side full bridge 10 and a secondary-side full bridge 20.
- a transformer 30 is arranged between the primary-side full bridge 10 and the secondary-side full bridge 20.
- the switching elements M1 to M4 of the full bridge 10 on the primary side and, if applicable, the switching elements M5 to M8 of the full bridge 20 on the secondary side can be activated, for example, by means of the control device 50.
- the full bridge 10 comprises two half bridges, each with two switching elements.
- a first switching element Ml can be arranged between a first input connection on the primary side of the DC / DC converter and a first node 11.
- a second switching element M2 can be between the first node 11 and a second input connection on the primary side of the DC / DC converter 1 be arranged.
- a third switching element M3 can be provided in the second half bridge between the first connection element on the primary side of the DC voltage converter 1 and a second node 12.
- a fourth switching element M4 can be arranged between the second node 12 and the second input connection on the primary side of the DC / DC converter.
- the first node 11 can be connected to a first connection on the primary side of the transformer 30.
- the second node 12 can be connected to a second connection on the primary side of the transformer 30.
- the DC voltage converter 1 also has a full bridge 20 on the secondary side, this can be constructed analogously to the primary side full bridge 10 between the secondary side of the transformer 30 and the secondary side connection of the DC voltage converter 1.
- a capacitor can be provided in each case between the two connection elements of the connection on the primary side and / or between the two connection elements of the connection on the secondary side of the DC voltage converter 1.
- a series inductance L can be provided between the secondary-side full bridge 20 and a connection element on the secondary side of the DC-DC converter 1.
- the first switching element Ml of the first half bridge thus forms a first upper switching element.
- the second switching element M2 of the first half bridge thus forms a first lower switching element.
- the third switching element M3 of the second half bridge forms a second upper switching element, and the fourth switching element M4 of the second half bridge forms a second lower switching element.
- the first upper switching element Ml and the second lower switching element M4 thus form a first diagonal branch.
- the second upper switching element M3 and the first lower switching element M2 form a second diagonal branch which is complementary to the first diagonal branch.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 different switching states are described how they can be set by means of the full bridge 10 on the primary side.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the primary-side full bridge 10, in which the switching elements Ml and M4 of a first diagonal branch are activated.
- an electric current can flow from the first connection element of the primary-side connection via the first switching element Ml and the primary side of the transformer 30 and the second lower switching element M4 to the second connection element of the primary-side connection of the DC-DC converter 1. This will result in an increasing electrical current in the transformer 30.
- FIG. 3 shows a switching state of the full bridge 10 on the primary side, in which the two upper switching elements M1 and M3 are closed and the two lower switching elements M2 and M4 are open.
- the two connection elements on the primary side of the transformer 30 are electrically connected to one another via the two upper switching elements Ml and M3 and thus the primary side of the transformer 30 is short-circuited.
- an electrical current set in the transformer 30 can continuously decay down to 0 amperes.
- FIG. 4 shows the switching state of the full bridge 10 on the primary side, in which the second diagonal branch comprising the first lower switching element M2 and the second upper switching element M3 is closed.
- the second diagonal branch which is complementary to the diagonal branch according to FIG. 2, is activated accordingly.
- an electrical current can build up in the transformer 30, the direction of flow of which is opposite to the direction of flow of the electrical current according to FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a switching state in which the two lower switching elements M2 and M4 are closed and the two upper switching elements M1 and M3 are open.
- the primary side of the transformer 30 is correspondingly short-circuited via the two lower switching elements M2 and M4.
- An electrical current can thus flow via the two lower switching elements M2 and M4 until the electrical current in the transformer 30 has decayed to 0 amperes.
- the switching state according to FIG. 2 is referred to as switching state 1, the switching state according to FIG. 3 as switching state 2, the switching state according to FIG. 4 as switching state 3 and the switching state according to FIG. 5 as switching state 4.
- the DC / DC converter 1 is controlled with an alternative switching sequence 1-4-3-2-1-4-3-2 ..., the switching elements M3 and M4 of the second half-bridge are switched hard in this switching sequence, while the switching elements Ml, M2 of the first half bridge can be switched soft. In this case, a higher power loss occurs at the switching elements M3 and M4 of the second half bridge than at the switching elements Ml and M2 of the first half bridge.
- the two switching sequences described above For example, regularly after a predetermined number of switching operations between the first switching sequence (1- 2-3-4) and the second switching sequence (1-4-3-2) can be changed.
- any other specifications for a regular change between the two switching sequences are also possible.
- the temperature at the switching elements can also be monitored.
- temperature sensors or temperature models can be used to calculate the temperatures. If the temperatures of the switching elements on a half-bridge exceed a predetermined threshold value, it is then possible, for example, to switch to the alternative switching sequence in order to relieve the corresponding switching elements.
- any other schemes for changing between the switching sequences are also possible.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a flowchart on the basis of a method for controlling a DC voltage converter according to an embodiment. All statements made above in connection with the DC voltage converter 1 apply to this method. In addition, the DC voltage converter 1 described above can also be designed accordingly in order to carry out all of the steps described below in connection with the method.
- the DC / DC converter can be activated in a first step S1 with a first switching sequence.
- the first diagonal branch and the second diagonal branch are activated alternately.
- a first diagonal branch for example from the first upper switching element Ml and the second lower switching element M2, can be actuated.
- the two upper switching elements M1 and M3 can then be activated in switching state 2.
- the second diagonal branch can consist of the second upper switching element M3 and the first lower switching element M2 are controlled.
- the two lower switching elements M2 and M4 are activated.
- the first diagonal branch can then be activated again in accordance with the first switching state 1.
- the DC voltage converter can be operated in intermittent operation (DCM).
- DCM intermittent operation
- the present invention relates to the control of a DC voltage converter, such as, for example, a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter, it being possible to switch between two predetermined switching sequences.
- a DC voltage converter such as, for example, a phase-shifted full bridge DC voltage converter
- uniform loading of the switching elements of a primary-side full bridge of the DC / DC converter can be achieved.
- the switching elements of a first half-bridge of the primary-side full bridge can be switched hard
- the switching elements of a second half-bridge of the primary-side full bridge are switched hard.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019212887.4A DE102019212887A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Control method for a DC voltage converter and DC voltage converter |
PCT/EP2020/072368 WO2021037537A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2020-08-10 | Drive method for a dc-dc voltage converter, and dc-dc voltage converter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4022759A1 true EP4022759A1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
Family
ID=72046903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20754242.4A Pending EP4022759A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2020-08-10 | Drive method for a dc-dc voltage converter, and dc-dc voltage converter |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220278623A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4022759A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114270687A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019212887A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021037537A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019212888A1 (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control method for a DC voltage converter and DC voltage converter |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6286793B2 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2018-03-07 | 株式会社日立情報通信エンジニアリング | DC-DC converter, secondary battery charge / discharge system, and control method of DC-DC converter |
WO2017038294A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Dc-dc converter |
DE102016200662A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bidirectional DC / DC converter and method for charging the DC link capacitor of a DC / DC converter from the low-voltage battery |
US9837908B2 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-12-05 | Omron Corporation | Power conversion device |
JP6792478B2 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2020-11-25 | ニチコン株式会社 | Bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter |
-
2019
- 2019-08-28 DE DE102019212887.4A patent/DE102019212887A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-08-10 CN CN202080060330.3A patent/CN114270687A/en active Pending
- 2020-08-10 EP EP20754242.4A patent/EP4022759A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-10 US US17/637,663 patent/US20220278623A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-10 WO PCT/EP2020/072368 patent/WO2021037537A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220278623A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
DE102019212887A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
WO2021037537A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
CN114270687A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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