EP4011488A1 - Device and method for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath - Google Patents

Device and method for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4011488A1
EP4011488A1 EP21213785.5A EP21213785A EP4011488A1 EP 4011488 A1 EP4011488 A1 EP 4011488A1 EP 21213785 A EP21213785 A EP 21213785A EP 4011488 A1 EP4011488 A1 EP 4011488A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing
transferring
sheath
abrasive composition
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21213785.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Joseph Roland LIGEARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wegreencity Ingenierie
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Wegreencity Ingenierie
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4011488A1 publication Critical patent/EP4011488A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/051—Stirrers characterised by their elements, materials or mechanical properties
    • B01F27/053—Stirrers characterised by their elements, materials or mechanical properties characterised by their materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0722—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis perpendicular with respect to the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1144—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections with a plurality of blades following a helical path on a shaft or a blade support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath.
  • Another technique consists in providing an asphalt coating of petroleum origin.
  • this method of making a trafficable surface requires very large equipment, personnel to drive it, and also remains dependent on weather conditions.
  • the use of this type of product remains difficult for surfaces with tormented geometric shapes.
  • the timing is also delicate because the installation is generally carried out hot. The preparation remains difficult.
  • this type of product is interesting because it offers possibilities of laying on surfaces with slopes greater than those authorized by concrete.
  • this surface like that of the concrete, is completely sealed except for a few draining asphalt mixes, but then the implementation for such surfaces is very complex and, moreover, the draining character is not long-lasting due to the deposits which obstruct the pores, it is therefore often necessary to clean with means suitable for such surfaces, which are often cramped and have a tormented profile.
  • Concrete or asphalt coatings do not allow the creation of decorative patterns, only the initial color can possibly be chosen: red, grey, beige for the concrete, the same for asphalt mixes which are generally black and which can be red or green.
  • Modular products intended for paving roads, pedestrian paths, communication paths, garden squares are known.
  • modules are made in the factory, which allows reproducibility and industrial quality, standardized sizing and perfectly matched profile shapes. Cost is also reduced and water is not transported as in liquid concrete.
  • Such industrial production is the guarantee of a geometrically adapted installation provided that it is carried out according to the implementation recommended by said manufacturer.
  • the modules are profiles determined to allow mechanical nesting and self-setting.
  • cobblestones because they resemble the cobblestones of antiquity in principle, are in addition to quality, cost and implementation.
  • the preparation is limited since it suffices to cover the surface with an anti-root and weed regrowth fabric, draining and resurfacing to obtain the desired slopes.
  • Installation can be carried out with very steep gradients. Then the laying is generally carried out on a bed of sand or on lean concrete, only to provide support, also draining and to absorb the unevenness of the ground. Lean concrete is indeed draining because it has no mechanical resistance and cracks, letting water through.
  • the construction of traffic lanes suitable for vehicles, pedestrians and more generally of tormented surfaces, of complex profiles or even with geometrically narrow zones, curves and with relief is quite possible because the cobblestones are juxtaposed and interlocked but allow a certain play and strong 3D conformability.
  • the pavers can be cut if necessary to adjust the edges.
  • the patterns are made possible by the modular nature of the blocks, by the possibility of producing numerous colors and of assembling said colors according to given patterns. The colors often vary with the filler used and the dyes introduced into the composition.
  • Interlocking pavers made of concrete have the disadvantage of using sand as a filler, but it is known that construction sand is an increasingly rare commodity on the planet, especially if one is looking for sand of a certain color for example and above all of a certain grain size.
  • the binder of this filler or these fillers is a hydraulic binder, the manufacture of which is itself energy-intensive, generally of fossil energy, which is not, here again, of a marked ecological nature.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a device allowing the manufacture of cobblestones by mixing a composition consisting of mineral fillers of great hardness such as slag from the manufacture of nickel and an organic binder of the polymer type from recycling. .
  • This composition is very virtuous because the filler is waste and the binder does not come directly from the petroleum industry.
  • the intimate mixing of the fillers and the binder remains difficult because the viscosity is on the one hand high because no diluent is provided and on the other hand the abrasiveness is extremely high.
  • extrusion and mixing devices which comprise a sleeve in which a motorized shaft rotates, provided with a screw or blades inclined which ensure the transfer of the material like a propeller and the mixing when said shaft is rotated in said sleeve.
  • a controlled opening ensures the internal pressurization while a hopper, at the head of the sheath, ensures the feeding and the introduction of the compounds of the desired final composition, into the sheath.
  • the invention relates to a device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath of circular section, said sheath comprising a transfer screw arranged coaxially with the sheath and provided with drive means, a shaft driven in rotation by said drive means as well that blades mounted radially on said shaft with an angle, which defines a lower surface, a trailing edge and a leading edge.
  • each blade carries a boss on its trailing edge, on the intrados side.
  • the boss is made of the same material as that of the blades.
  • the boss is in an alloy grade that is more resistant to abrasion than the material constituting the blades.
  • the boss is attached to the blade by welding.
  • the boss extends along the distal end of the blade, on the lower surface.
  • the sheath is equipped with heating means.
  • the blades are arranged in a helicoid.
  • the abrasive composition concerned by said device comprises at least one plastic material resulting from recycling and a filler based on slag.
  • the abrasive composition concerned by said device comprises at least one plastic material and aggregates.
  • the aggregates may comprise crushed concrete and/or crushed glass and/or used molding sand, these examples not being exhaustive.
  • the aggregates can also be made up of solid particles with a particle size between 0 and 5 mm resistant to temperatures above 200°C and capable of withstanding mechanical and environmental conditions. exterior roads. All types of thermally and chemically stable materials are capable of forming aggregates compatible with the present invention.
  • Such a method using the device according to the invention is compatible with an abrasive composition comprising a mixture of plastic materials and aggregates.
  • the device 10 for transferring and mixing a composition of at least one polymer and a filler based on slag, in particular slag from the nickel industry, for the manufacture of modular blocks of the invention is illustrated in particular on the figure 1 .
  • the transfer and mixing device 10 comprises a sheath 12, of circular internal section, and a transfer and mixing screw 14 as shown on the figure 1 .
  • An example of a composition intended to be mixed and transferred or even heated, is based on at least one polymer, more particularly from recycling, and at least one mineral filler of the slag type from the production of nickel which is extremely abrasive but resistant to wear. This filler is also available in large quantities. This filler is inert and the entire composition can be recycled after use or degradation.
  • This embodiment is not limiting for the invention and other types of composition, in particular comprising a mixture of plastics and aggregates, are compatible with the transfer and mixing device 10.
  • the sheath 12 comprises a sheath 12-1 with an inlet 12-2 provided with a hopper 12-3 for supplying compounds of the final composition and intended to be mixed and transferred from this input 12-2 to output 12-4.
  • This outlet 12-4 is advantageously equipped with a die 12-5 with sectioning means, in a known manner, in order to be able to successively produce defined unit quantities of the mixed product.
  • the exit could also be provided downwards or upwards, that is to say perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the entry 12-2 comprises, at the end of the sheath, a support 12-6, allowing access to the interior of the sheath 12.
  • the outlet 12-4 can also comprise a flange 12-7 removable or attached in a fixed manner .
  • the sheath 12 includes heating means 12-8 in limited ranges of the order of 160 to 220° C. to fluidify the mixture a little during the transfer and the mixing, by ensuring a homogeneous melting, very far from the temperatures of more than 1000°C necessary to manufacture a hydraulic binder.
  • the temperatures are dependent on the plastic materials used and derived from recycling.
  • Such heating means are not shown in detail, they are generally electrical resistors provided, integrated into the thickness of said sheath.
  • the transfer screw 14 is mounted coaxially to the sheath 12 and rotates in two bearings, single, double, for the recovery of axial forces.
  • One of the bearings is mounted on the removable flange 12-6 of said sheath and the other on the removable or fixed flange 12-7 of the outlet.
  • a drive motor 14-1 is coupled, generally through a geared motor, with said transfer screw and can set it in rotation on itself.
  • This transfer screw 14 comprises a central shaft 14-2 engaged with the motor 14-1 and blades 14-3 distributed on said shaft, following a helicoid. These blades 14-3 are substantially rectangular in shape, nevertheless with an intrados IN and an extrados EX defined with respect to the thrust.
  • Each blade is mounted radially, with an angle of incidence so as to transfer the composition being mixed from the inlet 12-2 to the outlet 12-4. Given the high viscosity and the high density of the mixture, the blades are spaced on the shaft circumferentially on the one hand and form a helicoid, along the longitudinal axis on the other hand.
  • a 14-3 blade is detailed.
  • the composition is pushed by the intrados IN of each blade and there is a relative sliding movement of the composition with respect to the surface of the blade, said composition sliding on the surface of the intrados IN of said blade, causing wear by abrasion, in particular on the leading edge as indicated by a broken line on the figure 4 .
  • the trailing edge BF On the trailing edge BF, the phenomenon was identical but in this figure where the beneficial effects of the present invention are depicted, the trailing edge remains substantially rectilinear in shape. According to the present invention, provision is made on the trailing edge BF for a boss 14-4, in extra thickness on the lower surface IN.
  • This boss 14-4 is for example an extra thickness produced by depositing a thick weld bead, as is schematically represented on the figure 4 .
  • the filler material of the cord can be in the same metal as that of the blades but advantageously in a metal with high resistance to abrasion. It is noted that the extrados EX is also affected by abrasion but to a lesser extent due to the fact that it is not subjected to thrust pressure.
  • This boss 14-4 can be extended along the distal end of the blade, also on the lower surface. On this same figure 4 , there is shown at the bottom the formation of an accumulation of the composition to be mixed during operation as will be explained.
  • the material of the composition and therefore the slag introduced rub on the blades and cause abrasion on the thrust side, that is to say on the intrados IN because it is on this face that the pressure is exerted. .
  • the leading edge BA which enters the material is primarily affected by abrasion and its edge wears towards the trailing edge on the one hand and gradually gets thinner, on the other hand.
  • the surface of the IN lower surface also wears and due to the combined movement of the rotation and the relative sliding of the material with respect to the IN lower surface, the inclination of the reported blade with an angle on the shaft 14-2, this surface of the lower surface curves, resulting in a wing profile, like an airplane wing.
  • the trailing edge BF free, would wear in the same way as the leading edge BA but the boss 14-4 made, in this case of filler material by welding, partly protects the trailing edge BF , if only by the quantity of matter which is increased.
  • This boss 14-4 wears nevertheless, but in a curved way, in the continuity of the intrados IN.
  • This boss 14-4 ensures differential wear not only because of the extra thickness of material but above all by self-protection. Indeed, due to the curved shape of the boss at the origin, in particular when it is a weld bead, the curvature is reinforced by wear and a hollow is formed at the foot of the boss in which accumulates from the transferred and mixed composition.
  • This accumulated composition forms a self-protection because the moving composition slides on the accumulated composition, which very strongly limits the friction directly on the blade.
  • the accumulated composition is renewed by the movements of rotation and translation combined but in a very limited way, on the surface.
  • the deposit is thus continuously renewed in the hollow and provides self-protection.
  • the blades are made of a more common steel than the bead made of a metal having a very high resistance to abrasion such as a stellite for example.
  • the extension of the cord 14-3 on the end causes the same effects at the distal end of the blade because the wear is less.
  • the controlled abrasion wear leads to the schematic profile shown in broken lines on the figure 4 . Lifetime of a blade can thus be increased by 30%.
  • the thrust is amplified by the quality of the blade whose wing surface remains large for a longer duration and with an adapted thrust profile.
  • the transfer and mixing device 10 makes it possible to mix an abrasive composition comprising a mixture of plastic materials and aggregates.
  • the invention also relates to a method for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition by means of the device 10.
  • a first step of the method according to the invention is the setting of the speed of rotation of the transfer screw 14 of the device.
  • motor means 14-1 are controlled by, for example, a control unit (not shown) in order to apply a desired speed of rotation to shaft 14-2 carrying blades 14-3.
  • the speed of rotation of the transfer screw 14 is chosen according to the nature of the composition to be mixed and can for example be between 70 and 200 revolutions per minute for a composition comprising a mixture of approximately 30% of plastic materials and about 70% aggregates. This exemplary embodiment is not limiting for the invention. In addition, the speed can be adapted at any time in the process depending on the state of the mixed composition.
  • Heating means 12-8 are also implemented for sleeve 12 in order to apply a desired temperature along sleeve 12. According to one embodiment of the method, a temperature gradient can thus be implemented along the scabbard 12.
  • a first phase of heating with a temperature of around 100°C makes it possible to completely dry the materials and allows the optimum evaporation of the moisture in the composition.
  • a second heating phase for example around 120° C., promotes the melting of the plastic materials and the aggregates.
  • a third phase of heating around 200° C. helps to homogenize the composition in the form of a paste.
  • These temperature phases can thus be progressive along the sheath 12. This embodiment is not limiting for the invention, a single temperature can be implemented depending on the nature of the composition to be mixed and the temperature can change over time. course of the process depending on the state of the composition.
  • the simultaneous implementation of the heating of the sheath 12 and the rotation of the screw 14 at very low speed makes it possible to limit the kinetic heating of the composition and thus makes it possible to control the barrel temperature gradient 12.
  • One step of the method is the introduction of the composition into the sheath.
  • the introduction of the composition takes place at one end of the sheath 12 substantially upstream and above the transfer screw 14 in a hopper 12-3.
  • a third step consists of the flow of the composition towards the outlet 12-4 which is located at the end of the sheath 12 opposite the end where the hopper 12-3 is located.
  • the device can be used continuously.
  • the blades 14-3 of the device according to the invention have a dual role.
  • the blades 14-3 are used to mix the composition, and on the other hand the blades 14-3 are used to advance the mixture of the composition towards the outlet 12-4, the device can thus be supplied with continued.
  • a fourth process step is the recovery of the heated and mixed composition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive dans un fourreau de section circulaire, ledit fourreau est équipé de moyens de chauffage (12-8) et comprend une vis de transfert (14) disposée coaxialement au fourreau (12) et munie de moyens moteur, un arbre (14-2) entraîné en rotation par lesdits moyens moteur ainsi que des pales (14-3) montées de façon radiale sur ledit arbre avec un angle, ce qui définit un intrados (IN), un bord de fuite (BF) et un bord d'attaque (BA), caractérisé en ce que chaque pale (14-3) porte un bossage (14-4) sur son bord de fuite (BF), côté intrados (IN).Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath of circular section, said sheath is equipped with heating means (12-8) and comprises a transfer screw (14) arranged coaxially with the sheath (12) and provided with motor means, a shaft (14-2) driven in rotation by said motor means as well as blades (14-3) mounted radially on said shaft at an angle, which defines a lower surface (IN), a trailing edge (BF) and a leading edge (BA), characterized in that each blade (14-3) carries a boss (14-4) on its trailing edge (BF), intrados side (IN).

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive dans un fourreau.The invention relates to a device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath.

Pour réaliser des chemins routiers, piétonniers, des allées de communication, des places de jardin public, il existe plusieurs méthodes et plusieurs produits avec leurs avantages et inconvénients. On peut réaliser ces allées au moyen de béton coulé dans un coffrage préalablement préparé, qui définit les contours dudit chemin, de ladite voie ou de la place. L'opération de coulage du béton requiert du matériel et du personnel pour respecter la contrainte principale qui est surtout un timing précis. Le béton dans la toupie bétonnière doit être coulé, mis en forme, taloché, voire lissé dans un délai donné avant qu'il ne tire et ne prenne. De plus, le béton est tributaire des conditions météorologiques car s'il y a trop de vent, trop de pluie, trop de chaleur, les paramètres changent. Bien entendu, des adjuvants permettent de travailler dans différentes conditions en adaptant le temps de prise, la fluidité du béton mais le produit reste délicat à mettre en œuvre. Le béton doit souvent être ferraillé et supporte mal les dilatations en faible épaisseur. Les mises en forme sur des surfaces ayant une pente sont impossibles car il faut travailler un béton avec une faible quantité d'eau, ce qui rend plus difficile la mise en œuvre et dans tous les cas, les pentes restent limitées.There are several methods and several products with their advantages and disadvantages to create road and pedestrian paths, communication paths, public garden squares. These paths can be made by means of concrete poured into a previously prepared formwork, which defines the contours of said path, of said lane or of the square. The concrete pouring operation requires equipment and personnel to respect the main constraint which is above all precise timing. The concrete in the cement mixer must be poured, shaped, troweled, even smoothed within a given time before it pulls and sets. In addition, concrete is dependent on weather conditions because if there is too much wind, too much rain, too much heat, the parameters change. Of course, adjuvants make it possible to work in different conditions by adapting the setting time and the fluidity of the concrete, but the product remains delicate to implement. The concrete must often be reinforced and does not support expansions in low thickness. Shaping on surfaces with a slope is impossible because it is necessary to work a concrete with a small quantity of water, which makes implementation more difficult and in all cases, the slopes remain limited.

Une autre technique consiste à prévoir un revêtement en enrobé d'origine pétrolière. En plus de ne pas être écologique, du fait de l'origine de ces produits, cette méthode de réalisation d'une surface circulable nécessite un matériel très important, du personnel pour le conduire, et reste également tributaire des conditions météorologiques. Le recours à ce type de produit reste difficile pour des surfaces à formes géométriques tourmentées. Le timing est également délicat car la pose est effectuée généralement à chaud. La préparation reste difficile. Cependant, ce type de produit est intéressant car il offre des possibilités de pose sur des surfaces ayant des pentes supérieures à celles autorisées par le béton. On note que cette surface comme celle du béton est totalement étanche sauf quelques enrobés drainants mais alors la mise en œuvre pour de telles surfaces est très complexe et de plus le caractère drainant n'est pas pérenne du fait des dépôts qui viennent obstruer les pores, il faut donc souvent nettoyer avec des moyens adaptés pour de telles surfaces souvent exiguës et de profil tourmenté. Les revêtements béton ou en enrobés ne permettent pas la réalisation de motifs décoratifs, seule la couleur initiale peut éventuellement être choisie :
rouge, gris, beige pour le béton, de même pour les enrobés qui sont généralement noirs et qui peuvent être rouges ou verts.Another technique consists in providing an asphalt coating of petroleum origin. In addition to not being ecological, because of the origin of these products, this method of making a trafficable surface requires very large equipment, personnel to drive it, and also remains dependent on weather conditions. The use of this type of product remains difficult for surfaces with tormented geometric shapes. The timing is also delicate because the installation is generally carried out hot. The preparation remains difficult. However, this type of product is interesting because it offers possibilities of laying on surfaces with slopes greater than those authorized by concrete. We note that this surface, like that of the concrete, is completely sealed except for a few draining asphalt mixes, but then the implementation for such surfaces is very complex and, moreover, the draining character is not long-lasting due to the deposits which obstruct the pores, it is therefore often necessary to clean with means suitable for such surfaces, which are often cramped and have a tormented profile. Concrete or asphalt coatings do not allow the creation of decorative patterns, only the initial color can possibly be chosen:
red, grey, beige for the concrete, the same for asphalt mixes which are generally black and which can be red or green.

On connaît des produits modulaires destinés au pavage de chemins routiers, piétonniers, allées de communication, place de jardin. Pour cela on réalise des modules en usine, ce qui permet une reproductibilité et une qualité industrielle, des dimensionnements standardisés et des formes de profils parfaitement conjugués. Le coût est également réduit et l'eau n'est pas transportée comme dans le béton liquide. Une telle production industrielle est la garantie d'une pose géométriquement adaptée pour autant qu'elle soit réalisée selon la mise en œuvre préconisée par ledit industriel. Les modules sont des profils déterminés pour permettre une imbrication mécanique et un auto-calage. L'avantage de ce type de produits modulaires, appelés communément pavés, car ils ressemblent aux pavés de l'antiquité dans le principe, sont en plus de la qualité, le coût et la mise en œuvre. La préparation est limitée puisqu'il suffit de recouvrir la surface d'un tissu anti-racine et repousse d'herbes, drainant et surfacer pour obtenir les pentes recherchées. La pose peut s'effectuer avec de très fortes déclivités. Ensuite la pose est généralement réalisée sur lit de sable ou sur béton maigre, uniquement pour assurer un appui, également drainant et pour absorber les inégalités du sol. Le béton maigre est en effet drainant du fait qu'il ne dispose d'aucune résistance mécanique et se fissure, laissant passer l'eau.Modular products intended for paving roads, pedestrian paths, communication paths, garden squares are known. To do this, modules are made in the factory, which allows reproducibility and industrial quality, standardized sizing and perfectly matched profile shapes. Cost is also reduced and water is not transported as in liquid concrete. Such industrial production is the guarantee of a geometrically adapted installation provided that it is carried out according to the implementation recommended by said manufacturer. The modules are profiles determined to allow mechanical nesting and self-setting. The advantage of this type of modular products, commonly called cobblestones, because they resemble the cobblestones of antiquity in principle, are in addition to quality, cost and implementation. The preparation is limited since it suffices to cover the surface with an anti-root and weed regrowth fabric, draining and resurfacing to obtain the desired slopes. Installation can be carried out with very steep gradients. Then the laying is generally carried out on a bed of sand or on lean concrete, only to provide support, also draining and to absorb the unevenness of the ground. Lean concrete is indeed draining because it has no mechanical resistance and cracks, letting water through.

La réalisation de voies de circulation carrossables, piétonnière et plus généralement de surfaces tourmentées, de profils complexes ou encore avec des zones géométriquement étroites, courbes et avec du relief est tout à fait possible car les pavés sont juxtaposés et imbriqués mais autorisent un certain jeu et une forte conformabilité en 3D. Les pavés peuvent se couper si nécessaire pour ajuster les bords. Les motifs sont rendus possibles par le caractère modulaire des pavés, par la possibilité de réaliser de nombreuses couleurs et d'assembler lesdites couleurs suivant des motifs donnés. Les couleurs varient souvent avec la charge utilisée et les colorants introduits dans la composition. Les pavés auto bloquants réalisés en béton ont l'inconvénient de recourir à du sable comme charge or il est connu que la sable de construction est une denrée de plus en plus rare sur la planète, surtout si l'on recherche du sable d'une certaine couleur par exemple et surtout d'une certaine granulométrie. Le liant de cette charge ou de ces charges est un liant hydraulique dont la fabrication est elle-même gourmande en énergie, généralement en énergie fossile, ce qui ne relève pas, là encore, d'un caractère écologique marqué.The construction of traffic lanes suitable for vehicles, pedestrians and more generally of tormented surfaces, of complex profiles or even with geometrically narrow zones, curves and with relief is quite possible because the cobblestones are juxtaposed and interlocked but allow a certain play and strong 3D conformability. The pavers can be cut if necessary to adjust the edges. The patterns are made possible by the modular nature of the blocks, by the possibility of producing numerous colors and of assembling said colors according to given patterns. The colors often vary with the filler used and the dyes introduced into the composition. Interlocking pavers made of concrete have the disadvantage of using sand as a filler, but it is known that construction sand is an increasingly rare commodity on the planet, especially if one is looking for sand of a certain color for example and above all of a certain grain size. The binder of this filler or these fillers is a hydraulic binder, the manufacture of which is itself energy-intensive, generally of fossil energy, which is not, here again, of a marked ecological nature.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif permettant la fabrication de pavés par mélangeage d'une composition constituée de charges minérales de grande dureté comme les scories issues de la fabrication du nickel et d'un liant organique du type polymère issus du recyclage. Cette composition est très vertueuse du fait que la charge est un déchet et que le liant ne provient pas directement de l'industrie du pétrole. Or, le mélangeage intime des charges et du liant reste difficile car la viscosité est d'une part élevée car il n'est pas prévu de diluant et d'autre part l'abrasivité est extrêmement importante. Pour pouvoir produire des pavés à partir de charges de grande dureté telles que des scories issues de l'industrie du nickel conférant au produit de fortes propriétés de résistance à l'usure et une résistance à une fréquentation élevée donc à des passages répétés, on s'aperçoit que le mélangeage est un facteur important. Pour pouvoir assurer une production industrielle, à un coût acceptable et avec une reproductibilité adaptée, il faut pouvoir disposer d'un dispositif de mélangeage assurant un mélange intime, régulier et résistant à l'usure par abrasion.The object of the present invention is to propose a device allowing the manufacture of cobblestones by mixing a composition consisting of mineral fillers of great hardness such as slag from the manufacture of nickel and an organic binder of the polymer type from recycling. . This composition is very virtuous because the filler is waste and the binder does not come directly from the petroleum industry. However, the intimate mixing of the fillers and the binder remains difficult because the viscosity is on the one hand high because no diluent is provided and on the other hand the abrasiveness is extremely high. In order to be able to produce cobblestones from very hard fillers such as slag from the nickel industry, which gives the product strong wear resistance properties and resistance to high traffic and therefore to repeated passages, we notice that mixing is an important factor. In order to be able to ensure industrial production, at an acceptable cost and with suitable reproducibility, it is necessary to be able to have a mixing device ensuring an intimate, regular mixing which is resistant to wear by abrasion.

Pour assurer le transfert afin de mouler les produits tout en assurant le mélangeage intime du liant avec la charge, on connaît les dispositifs d'extrusion et de mélangeage qui comportent un fourreau dans lequel tourne un arbre motorisé, muni d'une vis ou de pales inclinées qui assurent le transfert de la matière comme une hélice et le mélangeage lorsque ledit arbre est mis en rotation dans ledit fourreau. En sortie du fourreau, une ouverture contrôlée assure la mise en pression interne tandis qu'une trémie, en tête de fourreau, assure l'alimentation et l'introduction des composés de la composition finale recherchée, dans le fourreau.To ensure the transfer in order to mold the products while ensuring the intimate mixing of the binder with the filler, extrusion and mixing devices are known which comprise a sleeve in which a motorized shaft rotates, provided with a screw or blades inclined which ensure the transfer of the material like a propeller and the mixing when said shaft is rotated in said sleeve. At the outlet of the sheath, a controlled opening ensures the internal pressurization while a hopper, at the head of the sheath, ensures the feeding and the introduction of the compounds of the desired final composition, into the sheath.

L'invention concerne un dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive dans un fourreau de section circulaire, ledit fourreau comprenant une vis de transfert disposée coaxialement au fourreau et munie de moyens moteur, un arbre entraîné en rotation par lesdits moyens moteur ainsi que des pales montées de façon radiale sur ledit arbre avec un angle, ce qui définit un intrados, un bord de fuite et un bord d'attaque. Selon l'invention chaque pale porte un bossage sur son bord de fuite, côté intrados.The invention relates to a device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath of circular section, said sheath comprising a transfer screw arranged coaxially with the sheath and provided with drive means, a shaft driven in rotation by said drive means as well that blades mounted radially on said shaft with an angle, which defines a lower surface, a trailing edge and a leading edge. According to the invention, each blade carries a boss on its trailing edge, on the intrados side.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le bossage est dans le même matériau que celui des pales.According to one characteristic of the invention, the boss is made of the same material as that of the blades.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le bossage est dans une nuance d'alliage plus résistante à l'abrasion que le matériau constituant les pales.According to another characteristic of the invention, the boss is in an alloy grade that is more resistant to abrasion than the material constituting the blades.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le bossage est rapporté par soudure sur la pale.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the boss is attached to the blade by welding.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le bossage se prolonge le long de l'extrémité distale de la pale, sur l'intrados.According to one characteristic of the invention, the boss extends along the distal end of the blade, on the lower surface.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le fourreau est équipé de moyens de chauffage.According to another characteristic of the invention, the sheath is equipped with heating means.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les pales sont disposées suivant une hélicoïde.According to another characteristic of the invention, the blades are arranged in a helicoid.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la composition abrasive concernée par ledit dispositif comprend au moins une matière plastique issue du recyclage et une charge à base de scories.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the abrasive composition concerned by said device comprises at least one plastic material resulting from recycling and a filler based on slag.

Selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, la composition abrasive concernée par ledit dispositif comprend au moins une matière plastique et des agrégats. Les agrégats peuvent comprendre du broyat de béton et/ou du verre broyé et/ou du sable de moulage usagé, ces exemples n'étant pas exhaustifs. Les agrégats peuvent également être constitués de particules solides de granulométrie comprise entre 0 et 5 mm résistantes à des températures supérieures à 200°C et aptes à résister aux conditions mécaniques et d'environnement des voiries extérieures. Tous types de matériaux thermiquement et chimiquement stables sont aptes à formes des agrégats compatibles avec la présente invention.According to another embodiment of the invention, the abrasive composition concerned by said device comprises at least one plastic material and aggregates. The aggregates may comprise crushed concrete and/or crushed glass and/or used molding sand, these examples not being exhaustive. The aggregates can also be made up of solid particles with a particle size between 0 and 5 mm resistant to temperatures above 200°C and capable of withstanding mechanical and environmental conditions. exterior roads. All types of thermally and chemically stable materials are capable of forming aggregates compatible with the present invention.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • Paramétrage de la vitesse de rotation de la vis de transfert (14) du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, et mise en route des moyens moteurs (14-1) et des moyens de chauffage (12-8) du fourreau (12),
  • Introduction de la composition dans le fourreau (12),
  • Ecoulement de la composition vers la sortie (12-4), et
  • Récupération de la composition mélangée.
The invention also relates to a process for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition comprising the following steps:
  • Parameterization of the speed of rotation of the transfer screw (14) of the device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, and start-up of the motor means (14-1) and the heating means (12-8) of the sheath (12),
  • Introduction of the composition into the sheath (12),
  • Flow of the composition to the outlet (12-4), and
  • Recovery of the mixed composition.

Un tel procédé utilisant le dispositif selon l'invention est compatible avec une composition abrasive comprenant un mélange de matières plastiques et d'agrégats.Such a method using the device according to the invention is compatible with an abrasive composition comprising a mixture of plastic materials and aggregates.

Le dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage selon présente invention est maintenant décrit à l'aide d'exemples uniquement illustratifs et nullement limitatifs de la portée de l'invention, et ceci à partir des dessins schématiques annexés, dessins sur lesquels les différentes figures représentent :

  • [Fig.1] représente une vue d'un dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage avec une vis, selon la présente invention, ledit dispositif étant monté.
  • [Fig.2] représente une vue en perspective de l'arbre rotatif, isolé, avec ses palettes.
  • [Fig.3] représente une vue en perspective d'une palette disposée radialement sur ledit arbre rotatif du dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage selon la présente invention.
  • [Fig.4] représente une vue schématique de la circulation de la composition dans le dispositif extrudeur mélangeur selon la présente invention, au droit de chaque pale.
The transfer and mixing device according to the present invention is now described with the aid of purely illustrative examples and in no way limiting the scope of the invention, and this from the appended schematic drawings, drawings in which the various figures represent:
  • [ Fig.1 ] shows a view of a transfer and mixing device with a screw, according to the present invention, said device being mounted.
  • [ Fig.2 ] shows a perspective view of the rotating shaft, isolated, with its vanes.
  • [ Fig.3 ] shows a perspective view of a paddle arranged radially on said rotating shaft of the transfer and mixing device according to the present invention.
  • [ Fig.4 ] represents a schematic view of the circulation of the composition in the extruder-mixer device according to the present invention, in line with each blade.

Le dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage 10 d'une composition d'au moins un polymère et d'une charge à base de scories, notamment de scories issues de l'industrie du nickel, pour la fabrication de pavés modulaires de l'invention, est illustré notamment sur la figure 1. Le dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage 10 comporte un fourreau 12, de section interne circulaire, et une vis 14 de transfert et de mélangeage ainsi que représenté sur la figure 1. Un exemple de composition destinée à être mélangée et transférée voire mise en température, est à base d'au moins un polymère, plus particulièrement issu du recyclage, et d'au moins une charge minérale du type scories issues de la production du nickel qui est extrêmement abrasive mais résistante à l'usure. Cette charge est également disponible en grande quantité. Cette charge est inerte et l'ensemble de la composition peut être recyclé après usage ou dégradation. Cet exemple de réalisation n'est pas limitatif pour l'invention et d'autres types de composition notamment comprenant un mélange de matières plastiques et d'agrégats sont compatibles avec le dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage 10.The device 10 for transferring and mixing a composition of at least one polymer and a filler based on slag, in particular slag from the nickel industry, for the manufacture of modular blocks of the invention, is illustrated in particular on the figure 1 . The transfer and mixing device 10 comprises a sheath 12, of circular internal section, and a transfer and mixing screw 14 as shown on the figure 1 . An example of a composition intended to be mixed and transferred or even heated, is based on at least one polymer, more particularly from recycling, and at least one mineral filler of the slag type from the production of nickel which is extremely abrasive but resistant to wear. This filler is also available in large quantities. This filler is inert and the entire composition can be recycled after use or degradation. This embodiment is not limiting for the invention and other types of composition, in particular comprising a mixture of plastics and aggregates, are compatible with the transfer and mixing device 10.

Le fourreau 12 comprend un fourreau 12-1 avec une entrée 12-2 munie d'une trémie 12-3 d'alimentation en composés de la composition finale et destinés à être mélangés et transférés de cette entrée 12-2 vers la sortie 12-4. Cette sortie 12-4 est avantageusement équipée d'une filière 12-5 avec des moyens de sectionnement, ceci de façon connue, afin de pouvoir produire successivement des quantités unitaires définies du produit mélangé. La sortie pourrait aussi être prévue vers le bas ou vers le haut, c'est-à-dire perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal. L'entrée 12-2 comprend, en extrémité du fourreau, un support 12-6, permettant l'accès à l'intérieur du fourreau 12. La sortie 12-4 peut aussi comporter un flasque 12-7 amovible ou rapportée de façon fixe. Dans tous les cas, au moins une extrémité porte un flasque amovible. La sortie peut aussi être indépendante du flasque et ménagé en dessous du fourreau Le fourreau 12 comprend des moyens de chauffage 12-8 dans des plages limitées de l'ordre de 160 à 220°C, pour donner un ordre d'idée, de façon à fluidifier un peu le mélange durant le transfert et le mélangeage, en assurant une fusion homogène, très loin des températures de plus de 1000°C nécessaires pour fabriquer un liant hydraulique. Les températures sont dépendantes des matières plastiques utilisées et issues du recyclage De tels moyens de chauffage ne sont pas représentés en détail, ce sont généralement des résistances électriques ménagés, intégrés dans l'épaisseur dudit fourreau. Une unité de contrôle centrale et des capteurs, référencés tous deux 12-9, permettent de piloter ledit dispositif en mesurant les paramètres de température en différentes parties du fourreau, les vitesses de rotation de la vis de transfert, les pressions de sortie etc.The sheath 12 comprises a sheath 12-1 with an inlet 12-2 provided with a hopper 12-3 for supplying compounds of the final composition and intended to be mixed and transferred from this input 12-2 to output 12-4. This outlet 12-4 is advantageously equipped with a die 12-5 with sectioning means, in a known manner, in order to be able to successively produce defined unit quantities of the mixed product. The exit could also be provided downwards or upwards, that is to say perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The entry 12-2 comprises, at the end of the sheath, a support 12-6, allowing access to the interior of the sheath 12. The outlet 12-4 can also comprise a flange 12-7 removable or attached in a fixed manner . In all cases, at least one end carries a removable flange. The output can also be independent of the flange and provided below the sheath The sheath 12 includes heating means 12-8 in limited ranges of the order of 160 to 220° C. to fluidify the mixture a little during the transfer and the mixing, by ensuring a homogeneous melting, very far from the temperatures of more than 1000°C necessary to manufacture a hydraulic binder. The temperatures are dependent on the plastic materials used and derived from recycling. Such heating means are not shown in detail, they are generally electrical resistors provided, integrated into the thickness of said sheath. A central control unit and sensors, both referenced 12-9, make it possible to control said device by measuring the temperature parameters in different parts of the barrel, the speeds of rotation of the transfer screw, the outlet pressures, etc.

La vis 14 de transfert est montée coaxialement au fourreau 12 et tourne dans deux paliers, simple, double, pour la reprise des efforts axiaux. Un des paliers est monté sur le flasque amovible 12-6 dudit fourreau et l'autre sur le flasque amovible ou fixe 12-7 de la sortie. Un moteur 14-1 d'entraînement est couplé, généralement à travers un motoréducteur avec ladite vis de transfert et peut la mettre en rotation sur elle-même. Cette vis de transfert 14 comprend un arbre central 14-2 en prise avec le moteur 14-1 et des pales 14-3 réparties sur ledit arbre, suivant une hélicoïde. Ces pales 14-3 sont de forme sensiblement rectangulaire, avec néanmoins un intrados IN et un extrados EX définis par rapport à la poussée. Chaque pale est montée radialement, avec un angle d'incidence de façon à transférer la composition en cours de mélangeage de l'entrée 12-2 vers la sortie 12-4. Compte tenu de la forte viscosité et de la forte densité du mélange, les pales sont espacées sur l'arbre circonférentiellement d'une part et forment une hélicoïde, suivant l'axe longitudinal d'autre part.The transfer screw 14 is mounted coaxially to the sheath 12 and rotates in two bearings, single, double, for the recovery of axial forces. One of the bearings is mounted on the removable flange 12-6 of said sheath and the other on the removable or fixed flange 12-7 of the outlet. A drive motor 14-1 is coupled, generally through a geared motor, with said transfer screw and can set it in rotation on itself. This transfer screw 14 comprises a central shaft 14-2 engaged with the motor 14-1 and blades 14-3 distributed on said shaft, following a helicoid. These blades 14-3 are substantially rectangular in shape, nevertheless with an intrados IN and an extrados EX defined with respect to the thrust. Each blade is mounted radially, with an angle of incidence so as to transfer the composition being mixed from the inlet 12-2 to the outlet 12-4. Given the high viscosity and the high density of the mixture, the blades are spaced on the shaft circumferentially on the one hand and form a helicoid, along the longitudinal axis on the other hand.

Sur la figure 3, une pale 14-3 est détaillée. La composition est poussée par l'intrados IN de chaque pale et il se produit un mouvement de glissement relatif de la composition par rapport à la surface de la pale, ladite composition en glissant sur la surface de l'intrados IN de ladite pale, provoquant une usure par abrasion, notamment sur le bord d'attaque comme indiqué en trait discontinu sur la figure 4. Sur le bord de fuite BF, le phénomène était identique mais sur cette figure où les effets bénéfiques de la présente invention sont figurés, le bord de fuite reste sensiblement de forme rectiligne. Selon la présente invention, il est prévu de ménager sur le bord de fuite BF un bossage 14-4, en surépaisseur sur l'intrados IN. Ce bossage 14-4 est par exemple une surépaisseur réalisée en déposant un cordon de soudure épais, comme cela est schématiquement représenté sur la figure 4. Le matériau d'apport du cordon peut être dans le même métal que celui des pales mais avantageusement dans un métal à haute résistance à l'abrasion. On note que l'extrados EX est aussi concerné par l'abrasion mais dans une moindre mesure du fait qu'il n'est pas soumis à la pression de poussée. Ce bossage 14-4 peut être prolongé le long de l'extrémité distale de la pale, sur l'intrados également. Sur cette même figure 4, on a représenté en pied la formation d'une accumulation de la composition à mélanger durant le fonctionnement comme cela va être expliqué.On the picture 3 , a 14-3 blade is detailed. The composition is pushed by the intrados IN of each blade and there is a relative sliding movement of the composition with respect to the surface of the blade, said composition sliding on the surface of the intrados IN of said blade, causing wear by abrasion, in particular on the leading edge as indicated by a broken line on the figure 4 . On the trailing edge BF, the phenomenon was identical but in this figure where the beneficial effects of the present invention are depicted, the trailing edge remains substantially rectilinear in shape. According to the present invention, provision is made on the trailing edge BF for a boss 14-4, in extra thickness on the lower surface IN. This boss 14-4 is for example an extra thickness produced by depositing a thick weld bead, as is schematically represented on the figure 4 . The filler material of the cord can be in the same metal as that of the blades but advantageously in a metal with high resistance to abrasion. It is noted that the extrados EX is also affected by abrasion but to a lesser extent due to the fact that it is not subjected to thrust pressure. This boss 14-4 can be extended along the distal end of the blade, also on the lower surface. On this same figure 4 , there is shown at the bottom the formation of an accumulation of the composition to be mixed during operation as will be explained.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif selon la présente invention est maintenant décrit. Lorsque la composition est introduite dans le fourreau, que la vis est en rotation, que la température du fourreau est régulée, les pales poussent le mélange en le cisaillant simultanément, ce qui assure la fonction de mélangeage et le déplacement en translation le long du fourreau.The operation of the device according to the present invention is now described. When the composition is introduced into the barrel, the screw is rotating, the temperature of the barrel is regulated, the blades push the mixture by shearing it simultaneously, which ensures the mixing function and the movement in translation along the barrel. .

Lors du cisaillement, la matière de la composition et donc les scories introduites frottent sur les pales et provoquent une abrasion du côté poussée c'est-à-dire de l'intrados IN car c'est sur cette face que s'exerce la pression. Le bord d'attaque BA qui entre dans la matière est concerné en premier lieu par l'abrasion et son bord s'use vers le bord de fuite d'une part et s'amincit au fur et à mesure, d'autre part. La surface de l'intrados IN s'use également et du fait du mouvement combiné de la rotation et du glissement relatif de la matière par rapport à l'intrados IN, de l'inclinaison de la pale rapportée avec un angle sur l'arbre 14-2, cette surface de l'intrados se courbe, conduisant à un profil alaire, comme une aile d'avion.During shearing, the material of the composition and therefore the slag introduced rub on the blades and cause abrasion on the thrust side, that is to say on the intrados IN because it is on this face that the pressure is exerted. . The leading edge BA which enters the material is primarily affected by abrasion and its edge wears towards the trailing edge on the one hand and gradually gets thinner, on the other hand. The surface of the IN lower surface also wears and due to the combined movement of the rotation and the relative sliding of the material with respect to the IN lower surface, the inclination of the reported blade with an angle on the shaft 14-2, this surface of the lower surface curves, resulting in a wing profile, like an airplane wing.

Le bord de fuite BF, libre, s'userait de la même façon que le bord d'attaque BA mais le bossage 14-4 réalisé, en l'occurrence en matériau d'apport par soudure, protège en partie le bord de fuite BF, ne serait-ce que par la quantité de matière qui se trouve augmentée. Ce bossage 14-4 s'use néanmoins, mais de façon courbe, dans la continuité de l'intrados IN. Ce bossage 14-4 assure une usure différentielle non seulement du fait de la surépaisseur de matière mais surtout par autoprotection. En effet, du fait de la forme courbe du bossage à l'origine, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'un cordon de soudure, la courbure est renforcée par l'usure et il se forme un creux en pied de bossage dans lequel s'accumule de la composition transférée et mélangée. Cette composition accumulée forme une autoprotection car la composition en mouvement glisse sur la composition accumulée, ce qui limite très fortement le frottement directement sur la pale. La composition accumulée est renouvelée par les mouvements de rotation et translation combinés mais de façon très limitée, en surface. Le dépôt est ainsi renouvelé en continu dans le creux et assure une autoprotection. Les pales sont réalisées en un acier plus commun que le cordon réalisé, lui, dans un métal ayant une résistance à l'abrasion très importante comme une stellite par exemple.The trailing edge BF, free, would wear in the same way as the leading edge BA but the boss 14-4 made, in this case of filler material by welding, partly protects the trailing edge BF , if only by the quantity of matter which is increased. This boss 14-4 wears nevertheless, but in a curved way, in the continuity of the intrados IN. This boss 14-4 ensures differential wear not only because of the extra thickness of material but above all by self-protection. Indeed, due to the curved shape of the boss at the origin, in particular when it is a weld bead, the curvature is reinforced by wear and a hollow is formed at the foot of the boss in which accumulates from the transferred and mixed composition. This accumulated composition forms a self-protection because the moving composition slides on the accumulated composition, which very strongly limits the friction directly on the blade. The accumulated composition is renewed by the movements of rotation and translation combined but in a very limited way, on the surface. The deposit is thus continuously renewed in the hollow and provides self-protection. The blades are made of a more common steel than the bead made of a metal having a very high resistance to abrasion such as a stellite for example.

On constate que la prolongation du cordon 14-3 sur l'extrémité provoque les mêmes effets en extrémité distale de la pale car l'usure est moindre. Ainsi l'usure par abrasion maîtrisée conduit au profil schématique représenté en trait discontinu sur la figure 4. La durée de vie d'une pale peut ainsi être augmentée de 30%. On constate également que la poussée est amplifiée par la qualité de la pale dont la surface alaire reste importante pendant une durée supérieure et avec un profil de poussée adapté.It is noted that the extension of the cord 14-3 on the end causes the same effects at the distal end of the blade because the wear is less. Thus the controlled abrasion wear leads to the schematic profile shown in broken lines on the figure 4 . Lifetime of a blade can thus be increased by 30%. It is also noted that the thrust is amplified by the quality of the blade whose wing surface remains large for a longer duration and with an adapted thrust profile.

Le dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage 10 permet de mélanger une composition abrasive comprenant un mélange de matières plastiques et d'agrégats.The transfer and mixing device 10 makes it possible to mix an abrasive composition comprising a mixture of plastic materials and aggregates.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive au moyen du dispositif 10.The invention also relates to a method for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition by means of the device 10.

Une première étape du procédé selon l'invention est le paramétrage de la vitesse de rotation de la vis de transfert 14 du dispositif. A ces fins, des moyens moteur 14-1 sont commandés grâce, par exemple, à une unité de commande (non représentée) afin d'appliquer une vitesse de rotation souhaitée à l'arbre 14-2 portant les pales 14-3.A first step of the method according to the invention is the setting of the speed of rotation of the transfer screw 14 of the device. For these purposes, motor means 14-1 are controlled by, for example, a control unit (not shown) in order to apply a desired speed of rotation to shaft 14-2 carrying blades 14-3.

La vitesse de rotation de la vis de transfert 14 est choisie selon la nature de la composition à mélanger et peut par exemple être comprise entre 70 et 200 tours par minute pour une composition comprenant un mélange d'environ 30% de matières plastiques et d'environ 70% d'agrégats. Cet exemple de réalisation n'est pas limitatif pour l'invention. De plus, la vitesse peut être adaptée à tout moment du procédé en fonction de l'état de la composition mélangée.The speed of rotation of the transfer screw 14 is chosen according to the nature of the composition to be mixed and can for example be between 70 and 200 revolutions per minute for a composition comprising a mixture of approximately 30% of plastic materials and about 70% aggregates. This exemplary embodiment is not limiting for the invention. In addition, the speed can be adapted at any time in the process depending on the state of the mixed composition.

Des moyens de chauffage 12-8 sont également mis en œuvre pour le fourreau 12 afin d'appliquer une température souhaitée le long du fourreau 12. Selon une forme de réalisation du procédé, un gradient de température peut ainsi être mis en œuvre le long du fourreau 12.Heating means 12-8 are also implemented for sleeve 12 in order to apply a desired temperature along sleeve 12. According to one embodiment of the method, a temperature gradient can thus be implemented along the scabbard 12.

Par exemple, avec une composition comprenant un mélange d'environ 30% de matières plastiques et d'environ 70% d'agrégats, trois phases de chauffage peuvent être mises en œuvre. Une première phase de chauffage avec une température aux alentours de 100°C permet de sécher complétement les matériaux et permet l'évaporation optimale de l'humidité de la composition. Une deuxième phase de chauffage, par exemple aux alentours de 120°C favorise la fusion des matériaux plastiques et des agrégats. Enfin, une troisième phase de chauffage aux environs de 200°C aide à homogénéiser la composition sous forme de pâte. Ces phases de température peuvent ainsi être progressives le long du fourreau 12. Cet exemple de réalisation n'est pas limitatif pour l'invention, une température unique peut être mise en œuvre selon la nature de la composition à mélanger et la température peut évoluer au cours du procédé selon l'état de la composition.For example, with a composition comprising a mixture of approximately 30% plastic materials and approximately 70% aggregates, three heating phases can be implemented. A first phase of heating with a temperature of around 100°C makes it possible to completely dry the materials and allows the optimum evaporation of the moisture in the composition. A second heating phase, for example around 120° C., promotes the melting of the plastic materials and the aggregates. Finally, a third phase of heating around 200° C. helps to homogenize the composition in the form of a paste. These temperature phases can thus be progressive along the sheath 12. This embodiment is not limiting for the invention, a single temperature can be implemented depending on the nature of the composition to be mixed and the temperature can change over time. course of the process depending on the state of the composition.

Selon une forme de réalisation du procédé de l'invention, la mise en œuvre simultanée du chauffage du fourreau 12 et de la rotation de la vis 14 à très faible vitesse permet de limiter l'échauffement cinétique de la composition et ainsi permet de maîtriser le gradient de température du fourreau 12.According to one embodiment of the process of the invention, the simultaneous implementation of the heating of the sheath 12 and the rotation of the screw 14 at very low speed makes it possible to limit the kinetic heating of the composition and thus makes it possible to control the barrel temperature gradient 12.

Une étape du procédé est l'introduction de la composition dans le fourreau. Selon la forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 1, l'introduction de la composition se fait à une extrémité du fourreau 12 sensiblement en amont et au-dessus de la vis de transfert 14 dans une trémie 12-3.One step of the method is the introduction of the composition into the sheath. According to the embodiment illustrated in figure 1 , the introduction of the composition takes place at one end of the sheath 12 substantially upstream and above the transfer screw 14 in a hopper 12-3.

Une troisième étape consiste en l'écoulement de la composition vers la sortie 12-4 qui se situe à l'extrémité du fourreau 12 opposée à l'extrémité où se situe le trémie 12-3.A third step consists of the flow of the composition towards the outlet 12-4 which is located at the end of the sheath 12 opposite the end where the hopper 12-3 is located.

Selon une forme de réalisation du procédé, le dispositif peut être utilisé en continu. En effet, les pales 14-3 du dispositif selon l'invention ont un double rôle. D'une part, les pales 14-3 servent à mélanger la composition, et d'autre part les pales 14-3 servent à l'avancement du mélange de la composition vers la sortie 12-4, le dispositif peut ainsi être alimenté en continu.According to one embodiment of the method, the device can be used continuously. Indeed, the blades 14-3 of the device according to the invention have a dual role. On the one hand, the blades 14-3 are used to mix the composition, and on the other hand the blades 14-3 are used to advance the mixture of the composition towards the outlet 12-4, the device can thus be supplied with continued.

Une quatrième étape du procédé est la récupération de la composition chauffée et mélangée.A fourth process step is the recovery of the heated and mixed composition.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive dans un fourreau (12) de section circulaire, ledit fourreau est équipé de moyens de chauffage (12-8) et comprend une vis de transfert (14) disposée coaxialement au fourreau (12) et munie de moyens moteur (14-1), un arbre (14-2) entraîné en rotation par lesdits moyens moteur ainsi que des pales (14-3) montées de façon radiale sur ledit arbre avec un angle, ce qui définit un intrados (IN), un bord de fuite (BF) et un bord d'attaque (BA), caractérisé en ce que chaque pale (14-3) porte un bossage (14-4) sur son bord de fuite (BF), côté intrados (IN).Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath (12) of circular section, said sheath is equipped with heating means (12-8) and comprises a transfer screw (14) arranged coaxially with the sheath (12) and provided with motor means (14-1), a shaft (14-2) driven in rotation by said motor means as well as blades (14-3) mounted radially on said shaft at an angle, which defines a lower surface (IN), a trailing edge (BF) and a leading edge (BA), characterized in that each blade (14-3) carries a boss (14-4) on its trailing edge (BF), side intrados (IN). Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bossage (14-4) est dans le même matériau que celui des pales.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the boss (14-4) is made of the same material as that of the blades. Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bossage (14-4) est dans une nuance d'alliage plus résistante à l'abrasion que le matériau constituant les pales.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the boss (14-4) is in an alloy grade more resistant to abrasion than the material constituting the blades. Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bossage (14-4) est rapporté par soudure sur la pale.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boss (14-4) is attached to the blade by welding. Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bossage se prolonge le long de l'extrémité distale de la pale (14-3), sur l'intrados (IN).Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boss extends along the distal end of the blade (14-3), on the lower surface (IN ). Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les pales (14-3) sont disposées suivant une hélicoïde.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blades (14-3) are arranged in a helicoid. Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la composition abrasive concernée par ledit dispositif comprend au moins une matière plastique issue du recyclage et une charge à base de scories.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive composition concerned by the said device comprises at least one plastic material resulting from recycling and a filler based on slag. Dispositif de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la composition abrasive concernée par ledit dispositif comprend au moins une matière plastique et des agrégats.Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive composition concerned by the said device comprises at least one plastic material and aggregates. Procédé de transfert et de mélangeage d'une composition abrasive comprenant les étapes suivantes : - Paramétrage de la vitesse de rotation de la vis de transfert (14) du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, et mise en route des moyens moteurs (14-1) et des moyens de chauffage (12-8) du fourreau (12), - Introduction de la composition dans le fourreau (12), - Ecoulement de la composition vers la sortie (12-4), et - Récupération de la composition mélangée. Process for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition comprising the following steps: - Parameterization of the speed of rotation of the transfer screw (14) of the device according to one of claims 1 to 8, and starting of the motor means (14-1) and the heating means (12-8) of the scabbard (12), - Introduction of the composition into the sheath (12), - Flow of the composition to the outlet (12-4), and - Recovery of the mixed composition.
EP21213785.5A 2020-12-11 2021-12-10 Device and method for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath Withdrawn EP4011488A1 (en)

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FR2013069A FR3117510B1 (en) 2020-12-11 2020-12-11 Device for transferring and mixing an abrasive composition in a sheath

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1865119U (en) * 1962-11-17 1963-01-10 Wahl Verschleiss Tech MIXER SHOVEL WITH MULTIPLE HORNY REINFORCEMENTS.
EP0189961A1 (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-08-06 Norvidan Engineering Nederland B.V. Apparatus for compacting powdered and fibrous raw materials to a pellet product
US9545361B1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2017-01-17 Dispersol Technologies, Llc Multiple speed process for preserving heat sensitive portions of a thermokinetically melt blended batch

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1865119U (en) * 1962-11-17 1963-01-10 Wahl Verschleiss Tech MIXER SHOVEL WITH MULTIPLE HORNY REINFORCEMENTS.
EP0189961A1 (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-08-06 Norvidan Engineering Nederland B.V. Apparatus for compacting powdered and fibrous raw materials to a pellet product
US9545361B1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2017-01-17 Dispersol Technologies, Llc Multiple speed process for preserving heat sensitive portions of a thermokinetically melt blended batch

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FR3117510A1 (en) 2022-06-17

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