EP4008459A1 - Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit doppeltem rohrkörper und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen werkzeugs - Google Patents

Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit doppeltem rohrkörper und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen werkzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4008459A1
EP4008459A1 EP21212656.9A EP21212656A EP4008459A1 EP 4008459 A1 EP4008459 A1 EP 4008459A1 EP 21212656 A EP21212656 A EP 21212656A EP 4008459 A1 EP4008459 A1 EP 4008459A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubular portion
machining
central tubular
arm
machining tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21212656.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jordan MUNOZ
Quentin MASSARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Original Assignee
Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Process Conception Ingenierie SA filed Critical Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Publication of EP4008459A1 publication Critical patent/EP4008459A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/02Boring bars
    • B23B29/025Boring toolholders fixed on the boring bar
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/12Cutters specially designed for producing particular profiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D77/00Reaming tools
    • B23D77/02Reamers with inserted cutting edges
    • B23D77/04Reamers with inserted cutting edges with cutting edges adjustable to different diameters along the whole cutting length
    • B23D77/044Reamers with inserted cutting edges with cutting edges adjustable to different diameters along the whole cutting length by means of screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D2277/00Reaming tools
    • B23D2277/72Reaming tools comprising a body having a special profile, i.e. having a special cross section
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D2277/00Reaming tools
    • B23D2277/82Reaming tools for producing a stepped bore

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of manufacturing processes by machining and relates more particularly to a machining tool adapted to be mounted on the spindle of a machine tool.
  • Machining processes and in particular chip removal processes, are well known and widely used in industry for the production of parts both in metal and in other machinable materials.
  • machining tools comprising a body extending along a longitudinal axis and supporting machining members which are generally machining inserts having a cutting edge.
  • Such a machining tool is generally driven in rotation about its longitudinal axis and allows the roughing or finishing of machining within a mechanical part during manufacture.
  • the machining tools intended in particular for producing a large-diameter bore are generally solid parts, and thus have a high inertia which has a negative effect on the manufacturing rates as well as on the quality of machining.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the machining tools of the prior art.
  • peripheral tubular portion comprises at least one connecting arch connecting the first arm and the second arm by bypassing the central tubular portion.
  • the machining member is here defined as an element comprising at least one cutting edge such as the machining inserts commonly used in this field. They may be, for example, inserts made of carbide and fixed to the body, or even high-speed steel elements attached to the body, brazed machining inserts, etc.
  • the machining element is the element which comes into contact with the workpiece and which, via its cutting edge, removes the chip.
  • tubular is defined here as encompassing all shapes of cylindrical tubes, regardless of the shape of their base (circular, square, or other), and possibly comprising changes in section or openwork portions.
  • the central tubular portion is a tube whose internal wall is a cylinder with a circular base
  • the peripheral tubular portion is a tube whose internal wall is a cylinder with a circular base which is perforated, that is to say which has windows crossing its wall.
  • Such a machining tool has a reduced mass and therefore low inertia in the context of machining with rotation of this tool.
  • the typology of the machining tool according to the invention is however particularly suited to the production of large-diameter bores by allowing optimum machining quality.
  • the invention leads to a machining tool which benefits both from a reduced mass and from a capacity for machining large parts.
  • the lightening of a large machining tool provides a significant gain in terms of ergonomics (for example for an operator responsible for fixing the machining tool at the end of the spindle on a machine tool ).
  • the machining tool has the mechanical strength allowing compliant machining as well as the machining of several simultaneous bores, thanks to the resistance to torsion and vibration permitted by the double tubular structure of the body of the machining tool, as well as thanks to the optimization of the quadratic moment obtained by such a structure. Machining optimization is also obtained by a general increase in the rigidity of the machining tool.
  • the invention is particularly suited to the production of a one-piece machining tool, which thus benefits from a homogenization of the stresses generated during machining.
  • the machining tool requires a small quantity of material for its production, given the diameters that can be produced, which contributes to lowering its manufacturing cost, in addition to its lightening and better cutting dynamics obtained as a result. .
  • the machining tool is also suitable for many multi-machining configurations, because it allows, by providing several machining stages, to simultaneously machine bores of several different diameters within the same part with a same part pick-up reference, thus avoiding dispersions relating to a part pick-up.
  • the configuration of the arms of the machining tool also makes the tool modular, by providing machining stages with arms which can be aligned or not aligned, parallel or not parallel (for example, forming a V).
  • the machining tool according to the invention may, in addition to various possible machining stages, comprise a machining head suitable for machining a bore of small diameter together with the other machining operations carried out by the various machining stages, this small diameter bore that can be used as a reference for large diameter bores.
  • this small-diameter bore may consist of a bore, or of the machining of a bottom wall.
  • the tubular portion can be used to support, at its end, this machining head.
  • the machining tool according to the invention is also particularly advantageous for machining processes requiring the use of a machining fluid.
  • the central tubular portion in addition to its mechanical function, can also be used to channel the machining fluid.
  • the method of manufacturing the machining tool according to the invention guarantees a greatly reduced production cost.
  • the particular shapes of this machining tool, such as the connecting arch or arches, are advantageously made using additive manufacturing.
  • This method according to the invention makes it possible to produce the body of the machining tool, quickly, easily, and at low cost, without requiring molding cores or other complex operations.
  • the method according to the invention advantageously refers to indirect metallic additive manufacturing, in which a model part is produced by additive manufacturing and this model part is itself used for the production of a mold intended for the production by molding of the 'tool.
  • the production of the model part by additive manufacturing benefits from all the known advantages of such a process, such as: the possibility of producing complex shapes; easier management of recess issues; these advantages being passed on to the final metal part.
  • the figures 1 to 3 are general views of a machining tool 1 according to the invention, respectively seen in perspective, from the front and from the side.
  • the machining tool 1 comprises a body 2 on which are fixed, in the present illustrative example, 6 machining members 3, 4, 5.
  • This machining tool 1 is intended to be fixed on the spindle of a machine tool and has a longitudinal axis L.
  • the machining tool 1 is intended to be rotated relative to a workpiece, around the longitudinal axis L.
  • the relative rotation between the machining tool 1 and the workpiece can be achieved by the rotation of the machining tool 1 around the axis L while the workpiece is held fixed in a machining fixture, or by the rotation of the part to be machined around the longitudinal axis L and the fixed holding of the machining tool 1, or even by the rotation in the opposite direction of the part to be machined and the machining tool, around the longitudinal axis L.
  • the machining tool 1 here comprises a base 6 comprising means for fixing to a machine tool spindle. These fixing means allow the direct fixing of the tool 1, or, as in the example illustrated, by means of an adaptation part 7 allowing the fixing and the rotational drive of the tool. machining 1 by a spindle of a given machine tool.
  • the machining tool 1 can be fixed by its base 6 on any adaptation part 7, in particular those standardized.
  • the machining tool 1 of this example allows the simultaneous machining of three bores of different diameters within a part with the same part gripping reference.
  • the figure 2 illustrates the diameter D1 machined by a first machining stage, the diameter D2 machined by a second machining stage, and the diameter D3 machined by a machining head 18.
  • the machining tool 1 comprises a body 2 which extends along the longitudinal direction L and which comprises a central tubular portion 9 and a peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the central tubular portion 9 here consists of a circular section tube whose internal section is constant.
  • the peripheral tubular portion 10 extends along the contours of a cylinder with a circular base which is coaxial with the central tubular portion 9.
  • the tubular potion 10 is perforated, that is to say that this cylinder comprises windows 11 made in its wall.
  • the machining tool 1 comprises a first machining stage which comprises a first arm 12A and a second arm 12B which extend on either side of the central tubular portion 9.
  • the two arms 12A , 12B extend in parallel directions.
  • Each arm 12A, 12B extends from the central tubular portion 9 crossing the peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the arms 12A, 12B are thus integral with both the central tubular portion 9 and the peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the arms 12A , 12B are connected by fillets 13 to the internal faces and to the external faces of the peripheral tubular portion 10, as well as to the external face of the central tubular portion 9.
  • the peripheral tubular portion 10 is also connected to the base 6 by a circumferential fillet 27. In a conventional way in mechanics, these fillets 13, 27 make it possible to reduce the stress concentrations, while maintaining the tubular character of the portions 9, 10.
  • the first machining stage being, in this example, intended for the machining of large diameter bores, it here comprises two reinforcing beams 14 connecting the arms 12A, 12B to the peripheral tubular portion 10, at its junction with the base 6, and contributing to the support of the axial load during machining, as well as to the limitation of the flexion of the arms 12A, 12B.
  • the base 6 also connects the central tubular portion 9 and the peripheral tubular portion 10, the base of the central tubular portion 9 being integral with the base 6 and the base of the peripheral tubular portion 10 also being integral with the base 6.
  • the arms 12A, 12B each comprise at their end a machining member 3 which here consists of a conventional machining insert and its insert holder, or any other support means.
  • the machining members 3 can consist of machining inserts brazed onto the arms 12A, 12B.
  • the machining elements 3 have at their end one or more cutting edges.
  • the machining tool 1 further comprises a second machining stage comprising two arms 15A, 15B which are of similar construction to the first machining stage.
  • the two arms 15A, 15B thus each comprise at their end a machining member 4. They extend on either side of the central tubular portion 9 while each being integral with the central tubular portion 9 and the peripheral 10, being attached to it by fillets 13.
  • the arms 15A, 15B of the second machining stage are, in this example, provided for a diameter D2 smaller than the diameter D1 relating to the first machining stage.
  • the arms 15A, 15B are therefore shorter and do not require a reinforcing beam here.
  • the construction with double tubular portion 9, 10 of the machining tool 1 further provides four windows 11, one pair of which is arranged between the first machining stage and the second machining stage and another pair is arranged between the first machining stage and the base 6. Each window 11 opens into an empty space separating the central tubular portion 9 from the peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view from above showing the machining tool 1 from above, and the figure 5 is a top view of the machining tool 1.
  • These figures illustrate in particular two connecting arches 16 which are provided on the peripheral tubular portion 10, at the level of the first machining stage and two other connecting arches 17 provided at the level of the second machining stage. These connecting arches 16, 17 connect the first and second arms 12A, 12B; 15A, 15B of each of the machining stages.
  • the connecting arches 16,17 of the two machining stages are part of the same cylinder with a circular base which is here the same cylinder defined by the peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the connecting arches 17 of the second machining stage also define two upper windows 31 which give access to the space located between the central tubular portion 9 and the peripheral tubular portion 10.
  • the machining tool 1 further comprises a machining head 18 fixed to the end of the central tubular portion 9. Two machining members 5 are fixed to this machining head 18, which thus constitutes the third stage. machining, relative to diameter D3.
  • the machining head 18 can receive any other machining member, such as a three-size milling cutter suitable for machining both the diameter D3 and a bottom face of this bore, or even a drill bit.
  • All the machining elements 3, 4, 5 of the tool 1 are fixed in the conventional manner to the body 2 by fixing screws and adjustment screws.
  • the 3 diameters D1, D2, and D3 are thus machined simultaneously in a single pass relating to a single part grip. Three coaxial bores are thus machined with great precision.
  • the construction of the machining tool 1 around the central tubular portion 9 and the peripheral portion 10 makes it possible, as a variant, to have as many machining stages as necessary for a particular part while machining a diameter reference with the machining head 18.
  • the central tubular portion 9 and the base 6 also perform a function relating to the balancing of the tool 1.
  • the machining tool 1 can be a part of revolution, it must indeed be balanced in rotation.
  • the base 6 has a circumferential surface 33 and the central tubular portion 9 has a circumferential surface 32, on the side of the machining head 18, on a section extending beyond the peripheral tubular portion 10. These circumferential surfaces 32, 33 are thus arranged on either side of the section of the tool 1 which comprises the coaxial tubular portions 9, 10.
  • These circumferential surfaces 32, 33 provide an area for removing or adding mass at defined angular positions when balancing the machining tool 1.
  • the machining tool 1 further comprises channeling means for a machining fluid distributed under pressure by the machine tool and injected into a fluid inlet 19. These channeling means convey the machining fluid through the body 2 of the tool 1 with a view to distributing it in the form of jets directed onto the cutting edges of the machining elements 3, 4 of the first and second machining stages with a view to cooling and lubrication during the operations machining.
  • the picture 2 illustrates in dotted lines the pipes internal to the body 2 of the machining tool connecting the fluid inlet 19 to the fluid outlets at each end of the arms 12A, 12B; 15A, 15B.
  • the duct formed by the central tubular portion 9 thus comprises at one of its ends means for connection to a machining fluid circuit of the machine tool.
  • the machining head 18 has no machining fluid irrigation given its diameter.
  • any machining stage including the machining head 18, can be equipped with machining fluid irrigation.
  • a duct can be drilled in the machining head so as to open into the duct formed by the central tubular portion.
  • the duct formed by the central tubular portion 9 is able to distribute the machining fluid to all the stages of the tool, as well as to the machining head 18.
  • the figure 6 which is a view according to section VI-VI of the figure 5
  • the figure 7 which is a view according to section VII-VII of the picture 2
  • the central tubular portion 9 forms a cylindrical duct whose internal diameter is constant and which opens by one of its ends into the base 6. This duct is connected to the fluid inlet 19 (in the present example, this connection is done via the adapter piece 7).
  • the duct formed by the central tubular portion 9 is closed off by the machining head 18 which forms a plug, with sealing means, at the end of the central tubular portion 9.
  • the channeling means further comprise two channels 20A, 20B extending in each of the arms 12A, 12B of the first machining stage, as well as two channels 21A, 21B extending in the two arms 15A, 15B of the second machining stage. 'machining. These channels are made by holes of constant diameter which open at their first end into the duct formed by the central tubular portion 9, and open at their second end at the end of the arm corresponding. This second end is closed off by a plug 26 sealed to the machining fluid.
  • the channeling means comprise a transverse bore 22 which opens into the corresponding channel 20A, 20B, 21A, 21B, perpendicular to this channel, and which opens at the other end into a mouth 23 for dispensing fluid.
  • Each fluid distribution mouth 23 is associated with a deflector 24 which makes it possible to distribute the machining fluid leaving the mouth 23 precisely on the cutting edge of the machining member 3, 4 corresponding.
  • a deflector 24 is shown alone in figure 8 .
  • Each deflector 24 has fixing holes 28 as well as a groove 29 for deflecting the machining fluid.
  • the construction of the machining tool 1 leads to a light and powerful tool, and also allows the manufacture of this tool 1 at low cost.
  • a process by indirect metal additive manufacturing, which is particularly advantageous, is described with reference to the figure 9 and 10 .
  • a model part 30 corresponding to the body 2 of the tool 1 is made of a sacrificial material such as those suitable for lost-wax casting.
  • the model part 30 is produced by an additive manufacturing process, such as for example 3D printing of the “FDM” (Fused Deposition Modeling) type or any other suitable additive manufacturing process.
  • the model part 30 advantageously additionally comprises shapes defining pouring channels for the molding of the body 2 (not shown).
  • a mold is formed by coating the model part 30 with a refractory material deposited on the surface of the model part 30.
  • the refractory material is deposited in particular between the central tubular portion and the peripheral tubular portion, and inside the duct formed by the central tubular portion, which constitutes an imprint which will define the mold when the model is evacuated from the refractory shell as well formed.
  • the realization in double tubular portion 9, 10 is particularly favorable to the deposition of the material constituting the mold both in the interstitial spaces between the tubular portions 9, 10, and on the internal wall of the central tubular portion 9.
  • the inside of the duct formed by the central tubular portion 9 can thus be coated with refractory material from one end to the other.
  • the latter are accessible by the windows 11 which also delimit the connecting arches 16, 17, as well as by the upper windows 31.
  • the production of the mold by deposition of refractory material includes the creation of casting channels around the model part, if the latter is provided with forms for this purpose.
  • This operation then makes it possible, after an operation of evacuation of the material constituting the model part 30, to obtain a mold made of refractory material suitable for an optimized molding operation, which can do without molding cores.
  • the evacuation of the sacrificial material constituting the model part 30 can be carried out by melting, when this material is a fusible material, or by combustion of the material, and evacuation of its ashes.
  • the mold thus produced then makes it possible to mold the body 2 in a metal alloy, for example a suitable grade of steel, to obtain a raw body 2 which corresponds to the model part of the figure 9 .
  • channels 20A, 20B, 21A, 21B then receive plugs 26.
  • the manufacture of the tool is completed by operations such as: reference machining such as those aimed at the surfaces receiving the machining members 3, 4, 5; machining relating to the fixing means on the spindle of a Machine tool.
  • the manufacture of the machining tool 1 is then finalized by fixing the machining head 18 which forms a plug for the central tubular portion 9, by fixing the various machining members 3, 4, 5, and by fixing the deflectors 24.
  • the deflectors 24 can also be produced by a lost-wax type molding process (or any other suitable process) in order to then be attached to the body 2.
  • the end of the central tubular portion 9, as well as the base 6 are also finalized as part of their balancing function: machining (removal of mass) or tapping (addition of mass by fitting a screw) are made at determined angular positions, both on the circumferential surface 32 and on the circumferential surface 33, in order to obtain a machining tool 1 balanced in rotation, statically and/or dynamically.
  • the machining tool can comprise as many machining stages as necessary for a particular type of machining or a particular part to be machined.
  • a machining stage can include as many arms as necessary for a given application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
EP21212656.9A 2020-12-07 2021-12-06 Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit doppeltem rohrkörper und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen werkzeugs Pending EP4008459A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2012796A FR3117056B1 (fr) 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 Outil d’usinage à double corps tubulaire, et procédé de fabrication d’un tel outil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4008459A1 true EP4008459A1 (de) 2022-06-08

Family

ID=74592176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21212656.9A Pending EP4008459A1 (de) 2020-12-07 2021-12-06 Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit doppeltem rohrkörper und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen werkzeugs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20220176474A1 (de)
EP (1) EP4008459A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3117056B1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US704057A (en) * 1901-10-21 1902-07-08 Sandford Northrop Expansible boring-tool.
DE3423279A1 (de) * 1984-06-23 1986-01-02 Zinner GmbH, 8500 Nürnberg Messerkopf zur spanabhebenden materialbearbeitung
US5605420A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-02-25 Kennametal Inc. High speed rotating tool having a band of high tenacity material about the perimeter
US20190099816A1 (en) * 2016-04-14 2019-04-04 Západoceská Univerzita V Plzni Milling cutter with braces
CH715623A1 (de) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-15 Kunststoffwerk Ag Buchs Werkzeug zur rotierenden und spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4098386A1 (de) * 2018-04-12 2022-12-07 Gühring KG Rotationswerkzeug

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US704057A (en) * 1901-10-21 1902-07-08 Sandford Northrop Expansible boring-tool.
DE3423279A1 (de) * 1984-06-23 1986-01-02 Zinner GmbH, 8500 Nürnberg Messerkopf zur spanabhebenden materialbearbeitung
US5605420A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-02-25 Kennametal Inc. High speed rotating tool having a band of high tenacity material about the perimeter
US20190099816A1 (en) * 2016-04-14 2019-04-04 Západoceská Univerzita V Plzni Milling cutter with braces
CH715623A1 (de) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-15 Kunststoffwerk Ag Buchs Werkzeug zur rotierenden und spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3117056B1 (fr) 2023-06-16
FR3117056A1 (fr) 2022-06-10
US20220176474A1 (en) 2022-06-09

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