Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
  • C08J9/224—Surface treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
  • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
  • C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
  • C08J9/236—Forming foamed products using binding agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/35—Composite foams, i.e. continuous macromolecular foams containing discontinuous cellular particles or fragments
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
  • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
  • C04B2111/00215—Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
  • C08J2425/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
  • C08J2425/06—Polystyrene

Definitions

• the invention relates to an insulating material, in particular a permeable fireproof insulating material containing water glass and polystyrene, and to a method for its production.
• Mineral wool has a higher fire resistance, but it is absorbent, so it loses its insulating properties and mould forms in it.
• an acoustic and thermal insulator for use in construction which consists of a slurry in an air-hardening mixture containing 5 to 76 wt% of bulk thermal insulation material with a specific volumetric mass of less than 300 kg/m 3 , 9 to 36 wt% of brick dust fractions 0.001 to 1 mm, 6 to 30 wt% of water glass, 7 to 30 wt% of water and up to 5 wt% detergent.
• the disadvantage of this material is that it has lower thermal insulation properties, higher flammability and less cohesion.
• a mixture for a permeable fire-proof lightweight polystyrene thermal insulation system which contains 10 wt% of expanded polystyrene beads with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm, 88 wt% of sodium silicate water glass, 1 wt% carbon black, and 1 wt% water glass stabiliser - hydrophilic alkoxy alkyl-ammonium salts.
• the disadvantage of this mixture is that the carbon black is not a protection on the surface of the balls, but is freely dispersed in the insulating material, which causes higher thermal conductivity of the insulating material and low thermal stability and thus limited fire-proofing properties, lower resistance to UV radiation and therefore it degrades very quickly.
• the object of the invention is the construction of a light insulating material which will have high fire resistance, while at the same time being flexible and pliable and, be resistant to degradation.
• an insulating material in particular a permeable fire-proof insulating material containing water glass and polystyrene
• a permeable fire-proof insulating material containing water glass and polystyrene which according to the invention is characterised by that it consists of a hardening mixture containing 1 to 32.4 wt% of expanded polystyrene, 57.5 to 96.0 wt% of aqueous sodium silicate solution, 2 to 6 wt% aluminium hydroxide, 0.8 to 2.6 wt% water glass hardener and 0.1 to 0.5 wt% water glass stabiliser, while the surface of the expanded polystyrene is provided with carbon black, which constitute 0.1 to 1 % wt% of the total weight.
• the advantage of this insulating material is significantly higher thermal stability as well as significantly improved fire-proof properties, the resistance to UV radiation is higher and the degree of degradation is significantly lower.
• An advantage is also very good permeability.
• the mixture contains aluminium hydroxide.
• the advantage of providing the surface of the expanded polystyrene with carbon black is that the carbon black thus provided reduces thermal conductivity, with the carbon black to advantage being absorbed to a certain extent into the polystyrene beads, thereby stabilising their bond with the polystyrene beads in the resulting mixture.
• the carbon black acts as a flame co-retardant.
• the insulating material to further advantage comprises a hardener, which may be glycerol mono to triacetate or a mixture of these.
• the expanded polystyrene beads are with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm.
• the advantage is the possibility of optimising the structure of the material with regard to optimal arrangement.
• the water glass stabilisers are hydrophilic alkoxy alkyl-ammonium salts.
• the aqueous sodium silicate solution has a density in the range of 1370 to 1400 kg/m 3 and the molar ratio of Si0 and Na 2 0 is in the range of 3.2 to 3.4.
• the molar mass ratio of silica to sodium oxide and the associated solution density and solution concentration have a significant effect on the rheological properties of water glass as a polymer mixture, on the electrical properties, compressibility and adhesive strength as in an electrolyte, further to hardness, strength, etc.
• the advantage of the above stated parameters is that the resulting insulating material is partially flexible and pliable after solidification.
• a method for producing insulating material specifically a method for producing permeable fire-proof insulating material containing water glass and polystyrene, which according to the invention is characterised by that firstly polystyrene beads are mixed with an aqueous carbon black solution in such a way that their entire surface is coated, then aluminium hydroxide is added and the whole is mixed to form an insulating mixture, and then a water glass stabiliser is added to the aqueous sodium silicate solution, and then a water glass hardener is mixed into the solution this solution is stirred for 1 to 10 minutes to form a binder solution, and then the insulating mixture is poured into the binder solution while constantly stirring, and the whole is mixed, and then the resulting mixture is poured onto the application site.
• the advantage is that it is possible to produce both solid products, such as insulation panels and fittings, and the insulation material can even be applied in its liquid state.
• the resulting mixture is poured into the application site, which is a mould, and further the amount of binder solution is extruded from the resulting mixture by means of a press so as to produce the desired ratio of insulating mixture and binder solution.
• the advantage is that it is possible to easily produce a product with precise parameters.
• the resulting insulation can be created exactly with respect to the shape parameters of the insulated space, with the fact that due to the fact that the curing length can be regulated, the insulation material can be precisely shaped into the desired shape.
• the main advantage of the insulating material and the method of its production according to the invention is that it has comparable insulating properties as the polystyrene products used so far, while unlike existing materials it is nonflammable, vapour permeable, resistant to rainwater and moisture, anti-fungal, strong, flexible, resistant to external influences such as UV radiation. Another advantage is the simple methods of application.
• the insulating material is thus suitable for floors and ceilings, horizontal and slightly sloping roofs, where it replaces mineral wool, polystyrene concrete or polyurethane foam. Unlike insulation with mineral wool or polystyrene boards, it is well applied to hard-to-reach places and to rugged edges of the surface. It has good adhesion to various substrates, including trapezoidal and folded sheets, Eternit or asphalt, which are usually on roofs. At the same time, the insulating material is strong enough, it can also be walkable.
• a great advantage of the insulating material according to the invention over the existing materials is also the possibility of combining boards and a liquid mixture.
• One of the problems associated with the anchoring of conventional polystyrene boards is the filling of joints between the boards and the holes around the dowels. Thanks to the possibility of filling these gaps and openings with a liquid form of insulating material, a uniform surface without thermal bridges is created very easily and quickly.
• a great advantage is also that the semi-finished insulating material in the form of a liquid mixture can be applied as an insulating lining in industry, e.g., appliances, electrical technology, automotive, etc.
• the permeable fire-proof insulating material is composed an air-hardening mixture which contains 10 wt% of expanded polystyrene, which are spheres with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm, 83.0 wt% of aqueous sodium silicate solution, 4 wt% of aluminium hydroxide, 0.3 wt% water glass stabiliser and 2.3 wt% hardeners.
• the surface of the expanded polystyrene is provided with carbon black, the carbon black making up 0.4 wt% of total weight.
• the water glass stabilisers are hydrophilic alkoxy alkyl-ammonium salts, in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
• the aqueous sodium silicate solution has a density in the range of 1390 kg/m 3 and a molar ratio of SiC>2 to Na 2 0 of 3.3.
• the water glass hardener is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7: 3 by volume parts, with a concentration of 2.8 wt% to pure water glass.
• the polystyrene beads are mixed with an aqueous solution with a concentration of 25 wt% of carbon black so that their entire surface is coated with carbon black, then aluminium hydroxide is added and the whole is mixed to form an insulating mixture, then added to an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is a water glass stabiliser, followed by a water glass hardener being added to the solution, this solution being mixed for 5 minutes to form a binder solution, and then the insulating mixture is added to the binder solution with constant stirring, and the whole is mixed, and the resulting mixture is poured into an application site which is a silicone mould, and further, from the resulting mixture such an amount of binder solution is extruded by means of a press so that the desired ratio of insulating mixture and binder solution is obtained.
• the resulting product is an insulating board, or an insulating layer arranged on an OSB board, more precisely between two OSB boards
• the permeable fire-proof insulating material is composed of an air-hardening mixture which contains 1 wt% of expanded polystyrene, which are spheres with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm, 96.0 wt% of aqueous sodium silicate solution, 2 wt% of aluminium hydroxide, 0.1 wt% water glass stabiliser and 0.8 wt% hardeners.
• the surface of the expanded polystyrene is provided with carbon black, the carbon black making up 0.1 wt% of total weight.
• the water glass stabilisers are hydrophilic alkoxy alkyl-ammonium salts, in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
• An aqueous solution of sodium silicate having a density in the range of 1370 kg/m 3 and a molar ratio of Si0 2 to Na 2 0 in the range of 3.2.
• the water glass hardener is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 by volume parts, with a concentration of 0.8 wt% to pure water glass.
• the polystyrene beads are mixed with an aqueous solution with a concentration of 25 wt% of carbon black so that their entire surface is coated with carbon black, then aluminium hydroxide is added and the whole is mixed to form an insulating mixture, then added to an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is a water glass stabiliser, followed by a water glass hardener being added to the solution, this solution being mixed for 1 minute to form a binder solution, and then the insulating mixture is added to the binder solution with constant stirring, and the whole is mixed, and the resulting mixture is poured into a flat, divided attic space, spread, surface-treated and left undisturbed to harden.
• the permeable fire-proof insulating material is composed of an air-hardening mixture which contains 32.4 wt% of expanded polystyrene, which are spheres with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm, 57.5 wt% of aqueous sodium silicate solution, 6 wt% of aluminium hydroxide, 0.5 wt% water glass stabiliser and 2.6 wt% hardener.
• the surface of the expanded polystyrene is provided with carbon black, the carbon black making up 1 wt% of total weight.
• the water glass stabilisers are hydrophilic alkoxy alkyl-ammonium salts, in the form of a 98% aqueous solution of N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
• An aqueous solution of sodium silicate having a density in the range of 1400 kg/m 3 and a molar ratio of Si0 2 to Na 2 0 in the range of 3.4.
• the water glass hardener is a mixture of pure glycerol diacetate / triacetate in a ratio of 7:3 by volume parts, with a concentration of 4.5 wt% to pure water glass.
• the polystyrene beads are mixed with an aqueous solution with a concentration of 25 wt% of carbon black so that their entire surface is coated with carbon black, then aluminium hydroxide is added and the whole is mixed to form an insulating mixture, then added to an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is a water glass stabiliser, followed by a water glass hardener being added to the solution, this solution being mixed for 10 minutes to form a binder solution, and then the insulating mixture is added to the binder solution with constant stirring, and the whole is mixed, and the resulting mixture is then poured onto the outer wall of a building provided with formwork with a silicone surface and finally, the resulting mixture is left undisturbed to harden, after which the formwork is removed.
• the insulating material according to the invention can in particular be used to create a permeable fire-proof insulating system in the building industry.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 2020
  • 2020-05-26 EP EP20730561.6A patent/EP3994107A1/de active Pending

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