EP3994021A1 - Vehicle electrical system - Google Patents
Vehicle electrical systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3994021A1 EP3994021A1 EP20736315.1A EP20736315A EP3994021A1 EP 3994021 A1 EP3994021 A1 EP 3994021A1 EP 20736315 A EP20736315 A EP 20736315A EP 3994021 A1 EP3994021 A1 EP 3994021A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- voltage
- electrical system
- converter
- vehicle electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
- B60L1/04—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line
- B60L1/06—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line using only one supply
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- Vehicles with an electric drive have an accumulator that can supply the electric drive with energy. It is known that the vehicles have a corresponding charging connection for charging the accumulator (“plug-in vehicles”). The functions of charging and supplying the electric drive are implemented by a vehicle electrical system. There are also electrical consumers that need to be supplied with a lower voltage than the electrical drive, such as the 12 V on-board electronics.
- the vehicle electrical system described here has an accumulator, a first DC voltage converter, a second DC voltage converter and an electric drive.
- the accumulator is connected to a first side of the first DC voltage converter via a first switch and to the second side of the DC voltage converter via a second switch. While the electric drive is connected to the second side of the converter, the second DC / DC converter is connected to the first side of the first
- the electric drive is provided separately from the voltage source for the second DC voltage converter, since both the first converter and the second switch can be used to control the second
- This procedure also allows the accumulator to be connected to the second DC-DC converter is connected and can supply it, while the electric drive can be disconnected.
- At least one safety-relevant system of the vehicle can be supplied by means of the second DC / DC converter, for example a component such as an electric steering or a control of an electric brake (or the electric brake itself) if the electric drive is defective or there is a fault on the second side of the first DC / DC converter is noticeable.
- a short circuit on the second side of the first converter for example, caused by the electric drive, can thus be separated from the second DC voltage converter by means of the second switch and the first DC voltage converter.
- a fault can occur on the second side of the first DC / DC converter by means of the first
- the DC-DC converter and the second switch are separated from the accumulator, which in this case can, however, supply the second DC-DC converter.
- the second switch (and the first DC voltage converter) thus serve to separate a possibly defective network section in which the electric drive is located, while the section of the vehicle electrical system that supplies the second DC voltage converter can be supplied by the accumulator.
- the second DC voltage converter allows the voltage level of the power supply to be adjusted to an operating voltage that is suitable for the components mentioned.
- DC voltage converter is connected, and the connection point itself is connected to the accumulator, part of the electrical system can be switched off by means of the second switch (which leads to the second side of the first DC voltage converter), in particular a part in which the electric drive is located Defect can be separated.
- Safety-relevant components such as an electric brake, an electric steering system or controls thereof are connected to the second DC / DC converter, and other components such as driving support systems can also be connected to it.
- connection point can also be connected to the
- both the accumulator and the second DC voltage converter are connected to the same connection point to which the DC voltage charging connection is also connected, energy from the connection point or connection point can also be used during the transfer of energy from the DC voltage charging connection to the accumulator.
- the first DC voltage converter (hereinafter also: first converter) has a first side which is connected to a connection point via a first switch.
- the first converter has a second side to which the electric drive
- the converter is set up to transfer energy between the first and the second side and thereby change the voltage level. (This also applies to the second converter).
- the second side of the first converter is connected to the accumulator, for example directly or via a second switch and via the connection point.
- the vehicle electrical system has a second DC voltage converter, which is connected to one side of the first switch. The second DC / DC converter is thus connected to the
- connection point connected, either directly or via the first switch.
- the second DC / DC converter is either direct or connected to the first side of the first transducer via the first switch.
- the second DC voltage converter is also referred to below as the second converter.
- the vehicle electrical system is preferably a high-voltage electrical system.
- the DC voltage charging connection is preferably designed in accordance with a standard for line-related charging.
- the accumulator is preferably a traction accumulator, the electric drive preferably serving to drive the vehicle, and is thus connected to an output of the vehicle. This applies in particular to the vehicle in which the vehicle electrical system is provided.
- the accumulator is, for example, a lithium accumulator.
- the switches mentioned here are preferably two-pole and are set up to separate a positive or negative voltage potential (thus an all-pole connection) or to provide a corresponding connection in the respective potential.
- the second DC / DC converter is preferably (directly, i.e. without a switch or converter) on the first side of the first DC / DC converter
- the second DC / DC converter is in particular connected to the accumulator, either directly, via the first switch and / or via a switch which is used to connect the accumulator to the remaining on-board network.
- the accumulator is preferably connected to the third switch
- This third switch is used for switchable
- the third switch and the accumulator can be provided in a first housing, while the second switch and the transducers are provided in another housing.
- a detachable plug connection can be provided between the third switch and the remaining vehicle electrical system.
- the third switch can thus be connected to the remaining vehicle electrical system via a detachable connection.
- the releasable connection comprises in particular at least one plug connection and one (at least two-core) cable.
- the first and the second DC voltage converter are preferably each designed as galvanically isolating DC voltage converters.
- the converters each comprise at least one transformer which galvanically separates the first side of the converter from the second side of the converter.
- the first and the second DC-DC converter can thus have a chopper, at least one transformer and a rectifier (which are connected to one another in this order) in order to convert a first DC voltage and a second DC voltage.
- the vehicle electrical system includes a low-voltage electrical system branch that is connected to one side of the first switch (or to the connection point or to the accumulator) via the second DC voltage converter.
- the low-voltage on-board network branch can therefore be supplied from the first side of the converter or from the connection point via the second converter.
- the low-voltage on-board network branch has in particular a nominal voltage of 12 volts, 13 volts or 14 volts, in particular from 12 to 14 volts or essentially 24 volts.
- the low-voltage network branch can also have a nominal voltage of 48 volts.
- the second DC voltage converter is set up to output a voltage of 12 to 14 volts, essentially 24 volts, or essentially 48 volts on the side on which it is connected to the low-voltage power supply branch.
- the opposite side of the second converter is set up to work with a voltage of essentially 400 volts, 600 volts or 800 volts and from this voltage the specified nominal voltage of the
- the second DC voltage converter can also have a transformer as an electrically isolating converter, in particular a transformer which performs the galvanic isolation.
- the second DC voltage converter has, in particular, a chopper, a galvanically isolating transformer and a rectifier, which are connected to one another in this order.
- the second DC / DC converter has a high-voltage side which is connected to one side of the first switch (and which is therefore connected to the first side of the Converter or connected to the connection point).
- the high-voltage side can also be viewed as the first side of the second DC voltage converter, while the second side of the second converter is connected to the low-voltage on-board network branch.
- the DC voltage charging connection is preferably connected to the connection point via a fourth switch.
- the connection point via a fourth switch.
- the DC voltage charging connection connected to the second switch via the fourth switch.
- the direct voltage charging connection is connected in particular to the first converter or to its first side via the fourth switch and the first switch following it.
- the vehicle electrical system can also have an AC voltage charging connection. This is preferably via a rectifier device of the
- the rectifier thus has an AC voltage side which is connected to the AC voltage charging connection, and also has a DC voltage side which is connected to the first converter or to its first side.
- the AC voltage charging connection is connected to the first switch via the rectifier device.
- the AC voltage charging connection is connected to the connection point via the rectifier device and the subsequent first switch.
- the accumulator is also connected to this via the third switch, so that the AC voltage connection can charge the accumulator via the rectifier and the relevant switch.
- the rectifying device is
- the rectifier device is preferably designed as three-phase, but can also be designed as single-phase.
- the AC voltage charging connection is also preferably designed as three-phase, but can be designed as single-phase.
- the rectifier device can be designed as a full-wave rectifier, preferably a three-phase full-wave rectifier or a single-phase full-wave rectifier.
- Rectifier device can also be controllable or not controllable
- the rectifier device is preferably designed as a power factor correction filter, in particular as a Vienna filter.
- the right voltage charging connection and the DC voltage charging connection can be and are provided in the same charging connection module
- the third switch is connected to the connection point via a releasable connection.
- this releasable connection can comprise at least one plug connection element, preferably at least two plug elements which are connected to one another via a (at least two-core) cable.
- the third switch and the accumulator can be accommodated in a housing which is connected to at least parts of the remaining vehicle electrical system via the releasable connection.
- the accumulator and the third switch on the one hand and the first switch, the second switch, the first DC / DC converter and the second
- a first housing can thus encompass the accumulator and the third switch, while a second housing encompasses neither the accumulator nor the third switch, but at least the first switch, the second switch, the first DC / DC converter and the second
- the electric drive is preferably designed as a high-voltage component and in particular has a nominal voltage of at least 400 volts, 600 volts or 800 volts. Alternatively or in combination with this, at least one additional
- High-voltage components be connected to the second side of the first converter.
- the further high-voltage component can be one, for example act electrically heatable catalytic converter, or another electrical one
- Heating device or an electric machine for driving an electric compressor.
- the second DC / DC converter is preferably designed in multiple phases.
- the second DC voltage converter here comprises several individual converters. These are on the side of the DC / DC converter that connects to the
- Low-voltage electrical system branch is connected, interconnected, preferably in parallel.
- the multiple individual converters can be connected to a first side of the first switch via a configuration circuit, in particular to the first side of the first converter or to the connection point.
- the configuration circuit is set up to serially connect the individual converters to one another in a first configuration state and to a second one
- Configuration circuit connected to the side of the second converter that faces away from the low-voltage electrical system branch.
- each individual converter has one
- Each individual converter thus comprises an intermediate circuit capacitor which is connected to one side of the first switch via the configuration circuit.
- the intermediate circuit capacitors are connected to one another in series or in parallel, depending on the configuration status. In other words it is
- Configuration states to connect the intermediate circuit capacitors in parallel or in series are connected to one another in series when the configuration circuit is in the first configuration state.
- the intermediate circuit capacitors are connected to one another in parallel when the configuration circuit is in the second configuration state.
- the intermediate circuit capacitors are in particular provided at the inputs of the individual converters. These are located on the side of the second converter that faces away from the low-voltage electrical system branch.
- a low-voltage accumulator can be located in the low-voltage electrical system branch, while the accumulator connected to the connection point as
- High-voltage accumulator can be designed.
- the accumulator which is (switchably) connected to the connection point, preferably has a nominal voltage of at least 400, 600 or 800 volts.
- Low-voltage electrical system preferably has a nominal voltage of essentially 12 to 14 volts, of essentially 24 volts or essentially of 48 volts.
- a controller can be provided which is connected to the first and second switch in a driving manner, it also being able to be connected in a driving manner to the third, fourth and / or fifth switch.
- the controller can be connected to the first and the second converter in a driving manner.
- FIG. 1 serves to explain in more detail what is described here
- Vehicle electrical system and its mode of operation Vehicle electrical system and its mode of operation.
- the vehicle electrical system FB shown is connected to an AC voltage source WQ and a DC voltage source GQ via a charging interface LS. These can be viewed as part of a charging station (outside the vehicle electrical system FB).
- the respective sources WQ, GQ are connected to the relevant charging connections WA, GA of the vehicle electrical system FB via isolating switches T1, T2. In particular, these sources are WA, GA with the
- the vehicle electrical system FB includes an accumulator AK, which is connected to a first DC voltage converter W1 via a first switch S1. This has two sides (a first side 1S and a second side 2S) which are galvanically isolated from one another.
- the vehicle electrical system FB also includes a second switch S2. Like the first switch S1, this is connected to the connection point VP.
- the accumulator AK is connected to this connection point VP via a third switch S3.
- a fourth switch S4 connects the DC voltage charging connection GA to the connection point VP.
- a releasable connection LV connects the third switch S3 (via which the accumulator AK is connected to the connection point VP) with the
- connection point VP is connected to the first side 1S of the first transducer W1 via the first switch S1 and to the second side 2S of the first transducer W1 via the second switch S2.
- a second DC voltage converter W2 is connected to the first switch S1.
- the converter W2 is connected to one side of the first switch S1, in particular to the side of the first switch that is connected to the first side 1S of the first converter W1, or to the connection point VP, that is to say to the first side of the first Switch S1, which is connected to the
- Connection point VP is connected.
- the latter connection is shown in dashed lines. Both possible connections are alternative to each other.
- a low-voltage on-board network branch NV is connected via the second converter W2 to the first side 1S of the first converter W1, or to the connection point VP (to which the accumulator is connected via the third switch S3).
- Low-voltage on-board network branch NV can include (in addition to a second accumulator) at least one safety-relevant component, for example one
- the accumulator and both sides of the first converter W1 are preferably designed for high-voltage applications, in particular for nominal voltages of at least 400 volts.
- the circuit shown can be supplied to the low-voltage on-board network branch via the second converter W2, even if the second switch S2 is open, for example, for shedding defective loads.
- the second switch S2 can connect the connection point VP to the first converter W1 or to its second side 2S.
- the second switch S2 can connect the accumulator AK to the first converter W1 or to its second side 2S. In this case, as shown in dotted lines, the second switch is not connected to the connection point VP.
- the DC voltage charging connection GA is connected to the connection point VP via a fourth switch S4.
- the DC voltage charging connection GA is thus connected to the first side 1S of the first converter W1 via the fourth switch S4 and via the first switch S1.
- the AC voltage connection WA is connected to the first side 1 S of the first converter W1 (and thus also to the first switch S1) via the fifth switch S5 and a rectifier device GR.
- the second DC voltage converter W2 is configured to be multi-phase, in particular two-phase.
- the second converter W2 comprises two individual converters which are connected to the low-voltage on-board network branch NV.
- a configuration circuit KO connects the second converter W2 (or its individual converter) to one side of the first switch S1.
- the configuration circuit KO is set up to connect the side of the individual transducers connected to the first switch S1 in a switchable manner in parallel or in series (and also to connect these sides to the first switch).
- On the side of the low-voltage on-board network branch NV2 are the first switch S1.
- Individual transducers of the second transducer W2 are preferably connected to one another in parallel.
- the side of the second converter W2 connected to one side of the first switch S1 comprises one or more intermediate circuit capacitors, in the case of several individual converters, several intermediate circuit capacitors. These are also connected to one another in series or in parallel by means of the configuration circuit KO, in particular since they are connected in parallel to the respective inputs of the individual converters.
- a floch voltage component K is connected to the second side 2S of the first converter W1.
- the second converter W2 is not connected like such a load or component, but to the first Side 1 S of the first converter.
- the electric drive and the second converter are thus connected to two on different, opposite sides 1S, 2S of the first converter W1.
- the controller ST can be connected to the first converter W1 and the second converter W2 in order to set at least its active state (inactive / active).
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Abstract
A vehicle electrical system (FB) is equipped with direct-voltage charging connection (GA), a storage battery (AK), a first DC-to-DC converter (W1) and an electric drive (I, M). The first DC-to-DC converter (GW) has a first side (1S). The first side is connected to a connection point (VP) by means of a first switch (S1). The first DC-to-DC converter (GW) has a second side (2S), to which the electric drive (I, M) is connected. The second side is connected to the storage battery (AK) by means of a second switch (S2) and by means of a connection point (VP) or is directly connected to the storage battery (AK). The vehicle electrical system has a second DC-to-DC converter (W2). The second DC-to-DC converter is connected to one side of the first switch (S1).
Description
Beschreibung description
Fahrzeugbordnetz Vehicle electrical system
Fahrzeuge mit elektrischem Antrieb weisen einen Akkumulator auf, der den elektrischen Antrieb mit Energie versorgen kann. Es ist bekannt, dass zum Laden des Akkumulators die Fahrzeuge einen entsprechenden Ladeanschluss aufweisen („Plug-In-Fahrzeuge“). Die Funktion des Ladens und des Versorgens des elektrischen Antriebs werden von einem Fahrzeugbordnetz realisiert. Ferner bestehen elektrische Verbraucher, die mit einer geringeren Spannung als der elektrische Antrieb zu versorgen sind, etwa die 12 V - Bordelektronik. Vehicles with an electric drive have an accumulator that can supply the electric drive with energy. It is known that the vehicles have a corresponding charging connection for charging the accumulator (“plug-in vehicles”). The functions of charging and supplying the electric drive are implemented by a vehicle electrical system. There are also electrical consumers that need to be supplied with a lower voltage than the electrical drive, such as the 12 V on-board electronics.
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, eine Möglichkeit aufzuzeigen, mit der sich auf einfache Weise zum einen der Akkumulator bzw. der elektrische Antrieb und zum anderen Verbraucher mit geringerer Spannung versorgen lassen. There is therefore the task of showing a possibility with which on the one hand the accumulator or the electric drive and on the other hand the consumer can be supplied with a lower voltage in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch das Fahrzeugbordnetz nach Anspruch 1. Weitere Eigenschaften, Merkmale, Ausführungsformen und Vorteile ergeben sich mit den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Figur. This object is achieved by the vehicle electrical system according to claim 1. Further properties, features, embodiments and advantages emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the figure.
Das hier beschriebene Fahrzeugbordnetz weist einen Akkumulator, einen ersten Gleichspannungswandler, einen zweiten Gleichspannungswandler und einen elektrischen Antrieb auf. Der Akkumulator ist über einen ersten Schalter mit einer ersten Seite des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers verbunden und über einen zweiten Schalter mit der zweiten Seite des Gleichspannungswandlers. Während der elektrische Antrieb mit der zweiten Seite des Wandlers verbunden ist, ist der zweite Gleichspannungswandler mit der ersten Seite des ersten The vehicle electrical system described here has an accumulator, a first DC voltage converter, a second DC voltage converter and an electric drive. The accumulator is connected to a first side of the first DC voltage converter via a first switch and to the second side of the DC voltage converter via a second switch. While the electric drive is connected to the second side of the converter, the second DC / DC converter is connected to the first side of the first
Gleichspannungswandlers (direkt oder über den ersten Schalter) verbunden. DC-DC converter (directly or via the first switch).
Dadurch ist der elektrische Antrieb getrennt von der Spannungsquelle für den zweiten Gleichspannungswandler vorgesehen, da sowohl der erste Wandler als auch der zweite Schalter verwendet werden können, um den zweiten As a result, the electric drive is provided separately from the voltage source for the second DC voltage converter, since both the first converter and the second switch can be used to control the second
Gleichspannungswandler elektrisch von dem elektrischen Antrieb zu trennen. Ferner erlaubt diese Vorgehensweise, dass der Akkumulator mit dem zweiten
Gleichspannungswandler verbunden ist und diesen versorgen kann, während der elektrische Antrieb abgetrennt werden kann. To separate DC voltage converter electrically from the electric drive. This procedure also allows the accumulator to be connected to the second DC-DC converter is connected and can supply it, while the electric drive can be disconnected.
Dadurch kann mittels des zweiten Gleichspannungswandlers mindestens ein sicherheitsrelevantes System des Fahrzeugs versorgt werden, beispielsweise eine Komponente wie eine elektrische Lenkung oder eine Steuerung einer elektrischen Bremse (oder die elektrische Bremse selbst), wenn der elektrische Antrieb defekt ist oder sich eine Störung an der zweiten Seite des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers bemerkbar ist. Etwa ein Kurzschluss an der zweiten Seite des ersten Wandlers, beispielsweise verursacht durch den elektrischen Antrieb, kann somit abgetrennt werden, mittels des zweiten Schalters und des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers von dem zweiten Gleichspannungswandler. Zudem kann eine Störung an der zweiten Seite des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers mittels des ersten As a result, at least one safety-relevant system of the vehicle can be supplied by means of the second DC / DC converter, for example a component such as an electric steering or a control of an electric brake (or the electric brake itself) if the electric drive is defective or there is a fault on the second side of the first DC / DC converter is noticeable. A short circuit on the second side of the first converter, for example, caused by the electric drive, can thus be separated from the second DC voltage converter by means of the second switch and the first DC voltage converter. In addition, a fault can occur on the second side of the first DC / DC converter by means of the first
Gleichspannungswandlers und dem zweiten Schalter abgetrennt werden von dem Akkumulator, der in diesem Fall jedoch den zweiten Gleichspannungswandler versorgen kann. Der zweite Schalter (und der erste Gleichspannungswandler) dienen somit zur Abtrennung eines möglicherweise defekten Netzabschnitts, in dem sich der elektrische Antrieb befindet, während der Abschnitt des Bordnetzes, der den zweiten Gleichspannungswandler versorgt, von dem Akkumulator versorgt werden kann. Zudem erlaubt der zweite Gleichspannungswandler eine Anpassung der Spannungshöhe der Stromversorgung auf eine Betriebsspannung, die für die genannten Komponenten geeignet ist. DC-DC converter and the second switch are separated from the accumulator, which in this case can, however, supply the second DC-DC converter. The second switch (and the first DC voltage converter) thus serve to separate a possibly defective network section in which the electric drive is located, while the section of the vehicle electrical system that supplies the second DC voltage converter can be supplied by the accumulator. In addition, the second DC voltage converter allows the voltage level of the power supply to be adjusted to an operating voltage that is suitable for the components mentioned.
Es besteht somit ein Verbindungspunkt, an den der Akkumulator angeschlossen ist, und von dem der erste und der zweite Schalter ausgehen, um den There is thus a connection point to which the accumulator is connected and from which the first and second switches extend to the
Verbindungspunkt mit der ersten oder der zweiten Seite des ersten Connection point with the first or the second side of the first
Gleichspannungswandlers zu verbinden. Da der zweite Gleichspannungswandler mit dem Verbindungspunkt oder mit der ersten Seite des ersten DC-DC converter to connect. Since the second DC / DC converter with the connection point or with the first side of the first
Gleichspannungswandlers verbunden ist, und der Verbindungspunkt selbst mit dem Akkumulator verbunden ist, kann mittels des zweiten Schalters (der zur zweiten Seite des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers führt) ein Teil des Bordnetzes abgeschaltet werden, insbesondere ein Teil, in dem sich der elektrische Antrieb befindet der dadurch bei Defekt abgetrennt werden kann.
An dem zweiten Gleichspannungswandler sind sicherheitsrelevante Komponenten wie eine elektrische Bremse, eine elektrische Lenkung oder Steuerungen hiervon angeschlossen, wobei auch andere Komponenten wie Fahrunterstützungssysteme daran angeschlossen sein können. DC voltage converter is connected, and the connection point itself is connected to the accumulator, part of the electrical system can be switched off by means of the second switch (which leads to the second side of the first DC voltage converter), in particular a part in which the electric drive is located Defect can be separated. Safety-relevant components such as an electric brake, an electric steering system or controls thereof are connected to the second DC / DC converter, and other components such as driving support systems can also be connected to it.
An den Verbindungspunkt kann ferner (etwa über einen Schalter) der The connection point can also be connected to the
Gleichspannungsanschluss angeschlossen sein. Dadurch kann über den DC voltage connection must be connected. This allows the
Verbindungspunkt während des Gleichspannungsladens der zweite Connection point during DC charging is the second
Gleichspannungswandler und somit die daran angeschlossenen Komponenten versorgt werden, während der erste Gleichspannungswandler nicht DC voltage converter and thus the components connected to it are supplied, while the first DC voltage converter is not
notwendigerweise aktiv ist. Dadurch, dass sowohl der Akkumulator als auch der zweite Gleichspannungswandler mit dem gleichen Verbindungspunkt verbunden sind, mit dem auch der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss verbunden ist, kann während der Übertragung von Energie vom Gleichspannungsladeanschluss an den Akkumulator auch Energie vom Verbindungspunkt bzw. is necessarily active. Because both the accumulator and the second DC voltage converter are connected to the same connection point to which the DC voltage charging connection is also connected, energy from the connection point or connection point can also be used during the transfer of energy from the DC voltage charging connection to the accumulator.
Gleichspannungsanschluss oder Akkumulator zum zweiten DC voltage connection or accumulator to the second
Gleichspannungswandler übertragen werden. DC voltage converters are transmitted.
Es wird ein Fahrzeugbordnetz beschrieben, das einen It is a vehicle electrical system is described that one
Gleichspannungsladeanschluss, einen Akkumulator, einen ersten DC voltage charging connection, an accumulator, a first
Gleichspannungswandler und einen elektrischen Antrieb aufweist. Der erste Gleichspannungswandler (im Weiteren auch: erster Wandler) weist eine erste Seite auf, die über einen ersten Schalter mit einem Verbindungspunkt verbunden ist. Der erste Wandler weist eine zweite Seite auf, an die der elektrische Antrieb Has DC voltage converter and an electric drive. The first DC voltage converter (hereinafter also: first converter) has a first side which is connected to a connection point via a first switch. The first converter has a second side to which the electric drive
angeschlossen ist. Der Wandler ist eingerichtet, Energie zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Seite zu übertragen und dabei die Spannungshöhe zu ändern. (Dies trifft auch auf den zweiten Wandler zu). Die zweite Seite des ersten Wandlers ist mit dem Akkumulator verbunden, beispielsweise direkt oder über einen zweiten Schalter und über den Verbindungspunkt. Das Fahrzeugbordnetz weist einen zweiten Gleichspannungswandler auf, der an eine Seite des ersten Schalters angeschlossen ist. Somit ist der zweite Gleichspannungswandler an den connected. The converter is set up to transfer energy between the first and the second side and thereby change the voltage level. (This also applies to the second converter). The second side of the first converter is connected to the accumulator, for example directly or via a second switch and via the connection point. The vehicle electrical system has a second DC voltage converter, which is connected to one side of the first switch. The second DC / DC converter is thus connected to the
Verbindungspunkt angeschlossen, entweder direkt oder über den ersten Schalter. Mit anderen Worten ist der zweite Gleichspannungswandler entweder direkt oder
über den ersten Schalter mit der ersten Seite des ersten Wandlers verbunden. Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler wird im Weiteren auch als zweiter Wandler bezeichnet. Connection point connected, either directly or via the first switch. In other words, the second DC / DC converter is either direct or connected to the first side of the first transducer via the first switch. The second DC voltage converter is also referred to below as the second converter.
Das Fahrzeugbordnetz ist vorzugsweise ein Hochvoltbordnetz. Der The vehicle electrical system is preferably a high-voltage electrical system. The
Gleichspannungsladeanschluss ist vorzugsweise gemäß einem Standard zum leitungsbezogenen Laden ausgebildet. Der Akkumulator ist vorzugsweise ein Traktionsakkumulator, wobei der elektrische Antrieb vorzugsweise als Antrieb des Fahrzeugs dient, und somit mit einem Abtrieb des Fahrzeugs verbunden ist. Dies betrifft insbesondere das Fahrzeug, in dem da Fahrzeugbordnetz vorgesehen ist. Der Akkumulator ist beispielsweise ein Lithium-Akkumulator. Die hier erwähnten Schalter sind vorzugsweise zweipolig und sind eingerichtet, ein positives oder negatives Spannungspotential (somit eine allpolige Verbindung) jeweils zu trennen oder eine entsprechende Verbindung in dem jeweiligen Potential vorzusehen. DC voltage charging connection is preferably designed in accordance with a standard for line-related charging. The accumulator is preferably a traction accumulator, the electric drive preferably serving to drive the vehicle, and is thus connected to an output of the vehicle. This applies in particular to the vehicle in which the vehicle electrical system is provided. The accumulator is, for example, a lithium accumulator. The switches mentioned here are preferably two-pole and are set up to separate a positive or negative voltage potential (thus an all-pole connection) or to provide a corresponding connection in the respective potential.
Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler ist vorzugsweise (direkt, d.h. Schalter- und wandlerlos) an die erste Seite des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers The second DC / DC converter is preferably (directly, i.e. without a switch or converter) on the first side of the first DC / DC converter
angeschlossen oder kann an den Verbindungspunkt (direkt) angeschlossen sein. Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler ist insbesondere mit dem Akkumulator verbunden, entweder direkt, über den ersten Schalter und/oder über einen Schalter, der zum Anschluss des Akkumulators an das verbleibende Bordnetz dient. connected or can be connected to the connection point (directly). The second DC / DC converter is in particular connected to the accumulator, either directly, via the first switch and / or via a switch which is used to connect the accumulator to the remaining on-board network.
Der Akkumulator ist vorzugsweise über einen dritten Schalter mit dem The accumulator is preferably connected to the third switch
Verbindungspunkt verbunden. Dieser dritte Schalter dient zur schaltbaren Connection point connected. This third switch is used for switchable
Anbindung des Akkumulators an das verbleibende Bordnetz. Der dritte Schalter und der Akkumulator können in einem ersten Gehäuse vorgesehen sein, während der zweite Schalter und die Wandler in einem anderen Gehäuse vorgesehen sind. Es kann eine lösbare Steckverbindung zwischen dem dritten Schalter und dem verbleibenden Fahrzeugbordnetz vorgesehen sein. Der dritte Schalter kann somit über eine lösbare Verbindung mit dem verbleibenden Bordnetz verbunden sein. Die lösbare Verbindung umfasst insbesondere mindestens einen Steckanschluss und ein (mindestens zweiadriges) Kabel.
Der erste und der zweite Gleichspannungswandler sind vorzugsweise jeweils als galvanisch trennende Gleichspannungswandler ausgebildet. Somit umfassen die Wandler jeweils mindestens einen Transformator, der die erste Seite des Wandlers von der zweiten Seite des Wandlers galvanisch trennt. Der erste und der zweite Gleichspannungswandler können somit einen Zerhacker, mindestens einen Transformator und einen Gleichrichter aufweisen (die in dieser Reihenfolge miteinander verbunden sind), um so eine erste Gleichspannung und eine zweite Gleichspannung zu wandeln. Connection of the accumulator to the remaining on-board network. The third switch and the accumulator can be provided in a first housing, while the second switch and the transducers are provided in another housing. A detachable plug connection can be provided between the third switch and the remaining vehicle electrical system. The third switch can thus be connected to the remaining vehicle electrical system via a detachable connection. The releasable connection comprises in particular at least one plug connection and one (at least two-core) cable. The first and the second DC voltage converter are preferably each designed as galvanically isolating DC voltage converters. Thus, the converters each comprise at least one transformer which galvanically separates the first side of the converter from the second side of the converter. The first and the second DC-DC converter can thus have a chopper, at least one transformer and a rectifier (which are connected to one another in this order) in order to convert a first DC voltage and a second DC voltage.
Insbesondere umfasst da Fahrzeugbordnetz einen Niedervoltbordnetzzweig, der über den zweiten Gleichspannungswandler mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters (bzw. mit dem Verbindungspunkt bzw. mit dem Akkumulator) verbunden ist. Der Niedervoltbordnetzzweig kann daher von der ersten Seite des Wandlers aus bzw. vom Verbindungspunkt aus über den zweiten Wandler versorgt werden. Der Niedervoltbordnetzzweig hat insbesondere einen Nennspannung von 12 Volt, 13 Volt oder 14 Volt, insbesondere von 12 bis 14 Volt oder von im Wesentlichen 24 Volt. Der Niedervoltbornetzzweig kann ferner eine Nennspannung von 48 Volt aufweisen. Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler ist eingerichtet, auf der Seite, auf der dieser mit dem Niedervoltbornetzzweig verbunden ist, eine Spannung von 12 bis 14 Volt, von im Wesentlichen 24 Volt oder von im Wesentlichen 48 Volt abzugeben. Die gegenüberliegende Seite des zweiten Wandlers ist eingerichtet, mit einer Spannung von im Wesentlichen 400 Volt, 600 Volt oder 800 Volt zu arbeiten und aus dieser Spannung die genannte Nennspannung des In particular, the vehicle electrical system includes a low-voltage electrical system branch that is connected to one side of the first switch (or to the connection point or to the accumulator) via the second DC voltage converter. The low-voltage on-board network branch can therefore be supplied from the first side of the converter or from the connection point via the second converter. The low-voltage on-board network branch has in particular a nominal voltage of 12 volts, 13 volts or 14 volts, in particular from 12 to 14 volts or essentially 24 volts. The low-voltage network branch can also have a nominal voltage of 48 volts. The second DC voltage converter is set up to output a voltage of 12 to 14 volts, essentially 24 volts, or essentially 48 volts on the side on which it is connected to the low-voltage power supply branch. The opposite side of the second converter is set up to work with a voltage of essentially 400 volts, 600 volts or 800 volts and from this voltage the specified nominal voltage of the
Niedervoltbordnetzzweigs zu erzeugen. Generate low-voltage electrical system branch.
Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler kann als galvanisch trennender Wandler ebenso einen Transformator aufweisen, insbesondere einen Transformator, der die galvanische Trennung vornimmt. Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler verfügt insbesondere über einen Zerhacker, einen galvanisch trennenden Transformator und einen Gleichrichter, die in dieser Reihenfolge miteinander verbunden sind. The second DC voltage converter can also have a transformer as an electrically isolating converter, in particular a transformer which performs the galvanic isolation. The second DC voltage converter has, in particular, a chopper, a galvanically isolating transformer and a rectifier, which are connected to one another in this order.
Der zweite Gleichspannungswandler weist eine Hochvoltseite auf, die mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters verbunden ist (und die somit mit der ersten Seite des
Wandlers oder mit dem Verbindungspunkt verbunden ist). Die Hochvoltseite kann auch als erste Seite des zweiten Gleichspannungswandlers betrachtet werden, während die zweite Seite des zweiten Wandlers mit dem Niedervoltbordnetzzweig verbunden ist. The second DC / DC converter has a high-voltage side which is connected to one side of the first switch (and which is therefore connected to the first side of the Converter or connected to the connection point). The high-voltage side can also be viewed as the first side of the second DC voltage converter, while the second side of the second converter is connected to the low-voltage on-board network branch.
Der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss ist vorzugsweise über einen vierten Schalter mit dem Verbindungspunkt verbunden. Insbesondere ist der The DC voltage charging connection is preferably connected to the connection point via a fourth switch. In particular, the
Gleichspannungsladeanschluss über den vierten Schalter mit dem ersten Schalter bzw. mit dem dritten Schalter verbunden. Ferner ist der DC voltage charging connection connected via the fourth switch to the first switch or to the third switch. Furthermore, the
Gleichspannungsladeanschluss über den vierten Schalter mit dem zweiten Schalter verbunden. Über den vierten Schalter und den darauf nachfolgenden ersten Schalter ist der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss insbesondere mit dem ersten Wandler bzw. mit dessen erster Seite verbunden. DC voltage charging connection connected to the second switch via the fourth switch. The direct voltage charging connection is connected in particular to the first converter or to its first side via the fourth switch and the first switch following it.
Das Fahrzeugbordnetz kann ferner über einen Wechselspannungsladeanschluss verfügen. Dieser ist vorzugsweise über eine Gleichrichtervorrichtung des The vehicle electrical system can also have an AC voltage charging connection. This is preferably via a rectifier device of the
Fahrzeugbordnetzes mit der ersten Seite des Gleichspannungswandlers Vehicle electrical system with the first side of the DC voltage converter
verbunden. Der Gleichrichter weist somit eine Wechselspannungsseite auf, die mit dem Wechselspannungsladeanschluss verbunden ist, und verfügt ferner über eine Gleichspannungsseite, die mit dem ersten Wandler bzw. mit dessen erster Seite verbunden ist. Insbesondere ist der Wechselspannungsladeanschluss über die Gleichrichtervorrichtung mit dem ersten Schalter verbunden. connected. The rectifier thus has an AC voltage side which is connected to the AC voltage charging connection, and also has a DC voltage side which is connected to the first converter or to its first side. In particular, the AC voltage charging connection is connected to the first switch via the rectifier device.
Der Wechselspannungsladeanschluss ist über die Gleichrichtervorrichtung und den nachfolgenden ersten Schalter mit dem Verbindungspunkt verbunden. An diesen ist auch über den dritten Schalter der Akkumulator angeschlossen, sodass der Wechselspannungsanschluss über den Gleichrichter und über die betreffenden Schalter den Akkumulator laden kann. Die Gleichrichtervorrichtung ist The AC voltage charging connection is connected to the connection point via the rectifier device and the subsequent first switch. The accumulator is also connected to this via the third switch, so that the AC voltage connection can charge the accumulator via the rectifier and the relevant switch. The rectifying device is
vorzugsweise als Leistungsfaktorkorrekturfilter ausgebildet und hat somit eine gleichrichtende und hochsetzstel lende Funktion. Die Gleichrichtervorrichtung ist vorzugsweise dreiphasig ausgebildet, kann jedoch auch einphasig ausgebildet sein. Der Wechselspannungsladeanschluss ist ebenso vorzugsweise dreiphasig ausgebildet, kann jedoch einphasig ausgebildet sein. Die Gleichrichtervorrichtung
kann als Vollwellengleichrichter ausgebildet sein, vorzugsweise als dreiphasiger Vollwellengleichrichter oder als einphasiger Vollwellengleichrichter. Die preferably designed as a power factor correction filter and thus has a rectifying and boosting function. The rectifier device is preferably designed as three-phase, but can also be designed as single-phase. The AC voltage charging connection is also preferably designed as three-phase, but can be designed as single-phase. The rectifier device can be designed as a full-wave rectifier, preferably a three-phase full-wave rectifier or a single-phase full-wave rectifier. The
Gleichrichtervorrichtung kann zudem als steuerbare oder nicht steuerbar Rectifier device can also be controllable or not controllable
Gleichrichter ausgebildet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Gleichrichtervorrichtung als Leistungsfaktorkorrekturfilter ausgebildet, insbesondere als Vienna-Filter. Be designed rectifier. The rectifier device is preferably designed as a power factor correction filter, in particular as a Vienna filter.
Der rechte Spannungsladeanschluss und der Gleichspannungsladungsanschluss können in demselben Ladeanschlussmodul vorgesehen sein und sind The right voltage charging connection and the DC voltage charging connection can be and are provided in the same charging connection module
vorzugsweise gemäß einem Standard zum Laden von elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugen ausgestaltet. preferably designed according to a standard for charging electrically powered vehicles.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass der dritte Schalter über eine lösbare Verbindung mit dem Verbindungspunkt verbunden ist. Wie erwähnt kann diese lösbare Verbindung mindestens ein Steckverbindungselement umfassen, vorzugsweise mindestens zwei Steckelemente, die über ein (mindestens zweiadriges) Kabel miteinander verbunden sind. Dadurch kann der dritte Schalter und der Akkumulator in einem Gehäuse untergebracht sein, welches über die lösbare Verbindung mit zumindest Teilen des verbleibenden Fahrzeugbordnetzes verbunden ist. It can be provided that the third switch is connected to the connection point via a releasable connection. As mentioned, this releasable connection can comprise at least one plug connection element, preferably at least two plug elements which are connected to one another via a (at least two-core) cable. As a result, the third switch and the accumulator can be accommodated in a housing which is connected to at least parts of the remaining vehicle electrical system via the releasable connection.
Der Akkumulator und der dritte Schalter einerseits und der erste Schalter, der zweite Schalter, der erste Gleichspannungswandler und der zweite The accumulator and the third switch on the one hand and the first switch, the second switch, the first DC / DC converter and the second
Gleichspannungswandler andererseits können in verschiedenen Gehäusen untergebracht sein. Ein erstes Gehäuse kann somit den Akkumulator und den dritten Schalter umgreifen, während ein zweites Gehäuse weder Akkumulator noch den dritten Schalter umgreift, sondern mindestens den ersten Schalter, den zweiten Schalter, den ersten Gleichspannungswandler und den zweiten DC voltage converters, on the other hand, can be accommodated in different housings. A first housing can thus encompass the accumulator and the third switch, while a second housing encompasses neither the accumulator nor the third switch, but at least the first switch, the second switch, the first DC / DC converter and the second
Gleichspannungswandler. DC-DC converter.
Der elektrische Antrieb ist vorzugsweise als Hochvoltkomponente ausgebildet und hat insbesondere eine Nennspannung von mindestens 400 Volt, 600 Volt oder 800 Volt. Alternativ oder in Kombination hiermit kann mindestens eine weitere The electric drive is preferably designed as a high-voltage component and in particular has a nominal voltage of at least 400 volts, 600 volts or 800 volts. Alternatively or in combination with this, at least one additional
Hochvoltkomponente mit der zweiten Seite des ersten Wandlers verbunden sein. Bei der weiteren Hochvoltkomponente kann es sich beispielsweise um einen
elektrisch heizbaren Katalysator handeln, oder um eine andere elektrische High-voltage components be connected to the second side of the first converter. The further high-voltage component can be one, for example act electrically heatable catalytic converter, or another electrical one
Heizvorrichtung, oder um eine elektrische Maschine zum Antrieb eines elektrischen Kompressors. Heating device, or an electric machine for driving an electric compressor.
Vorzugsweise ist der zweite Gleichspannungswandler mehrphasig ausgebildet. Hierbei umfasst der zweite Gleichspannungswandler mehrere Einzelwandler. Diese sind an der Seite des Gleichspannungswandlers, die mit dem The second DC / DC converter is preferably designed in multiple phases. The second DC voltage converter here comprises several individual converters. These are on the side of the DC / DC converter that connects to the
Niedervoltbordnetzzweig verbunden ist, miteinander verbunden, vorzugsweise parallel. Die mehreren Einzelwandler können über eine Konfigurationsschaltung mit einer ersten Seite des ersten Schalters verbunden sein, insbesondere mit der ersten Seite des ersten Wandlers oder mit dem Verbindungspunkt. Die Low-voltage electrical system branch is connected, interconnected, preferably in parallel. The multiple individual converters can be connected to a first side of the first switch via a configuration circuit, in particular to the first side of the first converter or to the connection point. The
Konfigurationsschaltung ist eingerichtet, in einem ersten Konfigurationszustand die Einzelwandler seriell miteinander zu verbinden und mit einem zweiten The configuration circuit is set up to serially connect the individual converters to one another in a first configuration state and to a second one
Konfigurationszustand die Einzelwandler parallel miteinander zu verbinden. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Seite der jeweiligen Einzelwandler, die mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters verbunden sind. Mit anderen Worten ist die Configuration status to connect the individual converters in parallel with one another. This applies in particular to the side of the respective individual transducers that are connected to one side of the first switch. In other words it is
Konfigurationsschaltung an der Seite des zweiten Wandlers angeschlossen, die dem Niedervoltbordnetzzweig abgewandt ist. Configuration circuit connected to the side of the second converter that faces away from the low-voltage electrical system branch.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass jeder einzelne Wandler einen It can be provided that each individual converter has one
Zwischenkreiskondensator aufweist. Dieser ist vorzugsweise an der Stelle vorgesehen, an der die Einzelwandler mit der Konfigurationsschaltung verbunden sind. Jeder Einzelwandler umfasst somit einen Zwischenkreiskondensator, der über die Konfigurationsschaltung mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters verbunden ist. Die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren sind abhängig vom Konfigurationszustand seriell oder parallel miteinander verbunden. Mit anderen Worten ist die Having intermediate circuit capacitor. This is preferably provided at the point at which the individual converters are connected to the configuration circuit. Each individual converter thus comprises an intermediate circuit capacitor which is connected to one side of the first switch via the configuration circuit. The intermediate circuit capacitors are connected to one another in series or in parallel, depending on the configuration status. In other words it is
Konfigurationsschaltung ausgestaltet, bei unterschiedlichen Configuration circuit designed with different
Konfigurationszuständen die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren parallel oder seriell miteinander zu verbinden. Insbesondere sind die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren seriell miteinander verbunden, wenn sich die Konfigurationsschaltung in dem ersten Konfigurationszustand befindet. Die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren sind parallel miteinander verbunden, wenn sich die Konfigurationsschaltung in dem zweiten Konfigurationszustand befindet. Die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren sind
insbesondere an den Eingängen der Einzelwandler vorgesehen. Diese befinden sich auf der Seite des zweiten Wandlers, die dem Niedervoltbordnetzzweig abgewandt ist. Configuration states to connect the intermediate circuit capacitors in parallel or in series. In particular, the intermediate circuit capacitors are connected to one another in series when the configuration circuit is in the first configuration state. The intermediate circuit capacitors are connected to one another in parallel when the configuration circuit is in the second configuration state. The intermediate circuit capacitors are in particular provided at the inputs of the individual converters. These are located on the side of the second converter that faces away from the low-voltage electrical system branch.
In dem Niedervoltbordnetzzweig kann sich ein Niedervoltakkumulator befinden, während der an den Verbindungspunkt angeschlossene Akkumulator als A low-voltage accumulator can be located in the low-voltage electrical system branch, while the accumulator connected to the connection point as
Hochvoltakkumulator ausgebildet sein kann. Der Akkumulator, der (schaltbar) mit dem Verbindungspunkt verbunden ist, hat vorzugsweise eine Nennspannung von mindestens 400, 600 oder 800 Volt. Der Akkumulator innerhalb des High-voltage accumulator can be designed. The accumulator, which is (switchably) connected to the connection point, preferably has a nominal voltage of at least 400, 600 or 800 volts. The accumulator within the
Niedervoltbordnetzes hat vorzugsweise eine Nennspannung von im Wesentlichen 12 bis 14 Volt, von im Wesentlichen 24 Volt oder im Wesentlichen von 48 Volt. Low-voltage electrical system preferably has a nominal voltage of essentially 12 to 14 volts, of essentially 24 volts or essentially of 48 volts.
Es kann eine Steuerung vorgesehen sein, die ansteuernd mit dem ersten und zweiten Schalter verbunden ist, wobei diese ferner auch mit dem dritten, vierten und/oder fünften Schalter ansteuernd verbunden sein kann. Zudem kann die Steuerung ansteuernd mit dem ersten und dem zweiten Wandler verbunden sein. A controller can be provided which is connected to the first and second switch in a driving manner, it also being able to be connected in a driving manner to the third, fourth and / or fifth switch. In addition, the controller can be connected to the first and the second converter in a driving manner.
Die Figur 1 dient zur näheren Erläuterung des hier beschriebenen FIG. 1 serves to explain in more detail what is described here
Fahrzeugbordnetzes und dessen Wirkungsweise. Vehicle electrical system and its mode of operation.
Das dargestellte Fahrzeugbordnetz FB ist über eine Ladeschnittstelle LS mit einer Wechselspannungsquelle WQ und einer Gleichspannungsquelle GQ verbunden. Diese können als Teil einer Ladestation (außerhalb des Fahrzeugbordnetzes FB) betrachtet werden. Die jeweiligen Quellen WQ, GQ sind über Trennschalter T1 , T2 mit den betreffenden Ladeanschlüssen WA, GA des Fahrzeugbordnetzers FB verbunden. Insbesondere sind diese Quellen WA, GA mit dem The vehicle electrical system FB shown is connected to an AC voltage source WQ and a DC voltage source GQ via a charging interface LS. These can be viewed as part of a charging station (outside the vehicle electrical system FB). The respective sources WQ, GQ are connected to the relevant charging connections WA, GA of the vehicle electrical system FB via isolating switches T1, T2. In particular, these sources are WA, GA with the
Wechselspannungsladeanschluss WA des Fahrzeugbordnetzes und mit dem Gleichspannungsladeanschluss GA des Fahrzeugbordnetzes FB verbunden. AC voltage charging connection WA of the vehicle electrical system and connected to the DC voltage charging connection GA of the vehicle electrical system FB.
Das Fahrzeugbordnetz FB umfasst einen Akkumulator AK, der über einen ersten Schalter S1 mit einem ersten Gleichspannungswandler W1 verbunden ist. Dieser weist zwei Seiten auf (eine erste Seite 1 S und eine zweite Seite 2S), die voneinander galvanisch getrennt sind. Das Fahrzeugbordnetz FB umfasst ferner
einen zweiten Schalter S2. Dieser ist wie auch der erste Schalter S1 mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP verbunden. Ferner ist der Akkumulator AK über einen dritten Schalter S3 mit diesem Verbindungspunkt VP verbunden. Ein vierter Schalter S4 verbinden den Gleichspannungsladeanschluss GA mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP. The vehicle electrical system FB includes an accumulator AK, which is connected to a first DC voltage converter W1 via a first switch S1. This has two sides (a first side 1S and a second side 2S) which are galvanically isolated from one another. The vehicle electrical system FB also includes a second switch S2. Like the first switch S1, this is connected to the connection point VP. Furthermore, the accumulator AK is connected to this connection point VP via a third switch S3. A fourth switch S4 connects the DC voltage charging connection GA to the connection point VP.
Eine lösbare Verbindung LV verbindet den dritten Schalter S3 (über den der Akkumulator AK an den Verbindungspunkt VP angeschlossen ist) mit dem A releasable connection LV connects the third switch S3 (via which the accumulator AK is connected to the connection point VP) with the
Verbindungspunkt VP. Der Verbindungspunkt VP ist über den ersten Schalter S1 mit der ersten Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers W1 verbunden und über den zweiten Schalter S2 mit der zweiten Seite 2S des ersten Wandlers W1 . Connection point VP. The connection point VP is connected to the first side 1S of the first transducer W1 via the first switch S1 and to the second side 2S of the first transducer W1 via the second switch S2.
Ein zweiter Gleichspannungswandler W2 ist mit dem ersten Schalter S1 verbunden. Insbesondere ist der Wandler W2 mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters S1 verbunden, insbesondere mit der Seite des ersten Schalters, die mit der ersten Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers W1 verbunden ist, oder mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP, das heißt mit der ersten Seite des ersten Schalters S1 , die mit dem A second DC voltage converter W2 is connected to the first switch S1. In particular, the converter W2 is connected to one side of the first switch S1, in particular to the side of the first switch that is connected to the first side 1S of the first converter W1, or to the connection point VP, that is to say to the first side of the first Switch S1, which is connected to the
Verbindungspunkt VP verbunden ist. Die letztgenannte Verbindung ist gestrichelt dargestellt. Beide möglichen Verbindungen sind zueinander alternativ. Über den zweiten Wandler W2 ist ein Niedervoltbordnetzzweig NV mit der ersten Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers W1 verbunden, oder mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP (an den der Akkumulator über den dritten Schalter S3 angeschlossen ist). Der Connection point VP is connected. The latter connection is shown in dashed lines. Both possible connections are alternative to each other. A low-voltage on-board network branch NV is connected via the second converter W2 to the first side 1S of the first converter W1, or to the connection point VP (to which the accumulator is connected via the third switch S3). The
Niedervoltbordnetzzweig NV kann (neben einem zweiten Akkumulator) mindestens eine sicherheitsrelevante Komponente umfassen, beispielsweise einen Low-voltage on-board network branch NV can include (in addition to a second accumulator) at least one safety-relevant component, for example one
elektrischen Lenkungsantrieb oder dessen Steuerung, oder eine elektrische Bremse oder deren Steuerung. Der Akkumulator sowie beide Seiten des ersten Wandlers W1 sind vorzugsweise für Hochvoltanwendungen ausgebildet, insbesondere für Nennspannungen von mindestens 400 Volt. Durch die electric steering drive or its control, or an electric brake or its control. The accumulator and both sides of the first converter W1 are preferably designed for high-voltage applications, in particular for nominal voltages of at least 400 volts. Through the
dargestellte Schaltung lässt sich der Niedervoltbordnetzzweig über den zweiten Wandler W2 versorgen, auch wenn der zweite Schalter S2 beispielsweise zum Abwurf von defekten Lasten geöffnet ist. The circuit shown can be supplied to the low-voltage on-board network branch via the second converter W2, even if the second switch S2 is open, for example, for shedding defective loads.
Der zweite Schalter S2 kann den Verbindungspunkt VP mit dem ersten Wandler W1 bzw. mit dessen zweiter Seite 2S verbinden. Alternativ (in Punktlinien dargestellt)
kann der zweite Schalter S2 den Akkumulator AK mit dem ersten Wandler W1 bzw. mit dessen zweiter Seite 2S verbinden. In diesem Fall ist, wie gepunktet dargestellt, der zweite Schalter nicht mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP verbunden. The second switch S2 can connect the connection point VP to the first converter W1 or to its second side 2S. Alternatively (shown in dotted lines) the second switch S2 can connect the accumulator AK to the first converter W1 or to its second side 2S. In this case, as shown in dotted lines, the second switch is not connected to the connection point VP.
Der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss GA ist über einen vierten Schalter S4 mit dem Verbindungspunkt VP verbunden. Damit ist der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss GA über den vierten Schalter S4 und über den ersten Schalter S1 mit der ersten Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers W1 verbunden. Der Wechselspannungsanschluss WA ist über den fünften Schalter S5 und einer Gleichrichtervorrichtung GR mit der ersten Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers W1 verbunden (und somit auch mit dem ersten Schalter S1 ). The DC voltage charging connection GA is connected to the connection point VP via a fourth switch S4. The DC voltage charging connection GA is thus connected to the first side 1S of the first converter W1 via the fourth switch S4 and via the first switch S1. The AC voltage connection WA is connected to the first side 1 S of the first converter W1 (and thus also to the first switch S1) via the fifth switch S5 and a rectifier device GR.
In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der zweite Gleichspannungswandler W2 mehrphasig, insbesondere zweiphasig ausgestaltet. Der zweite Wandler W2 umfasst in dem dargestellten konkreten Beispiel zwei Einzelwandler, die an den Niedervoltbordnetzzweig NV angeschlossen sind. Eine Konfigurationsschaltung KO verbindet den zweiten Wandler W2 (bzw. dessen Einzelwandler) mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters S1 . Die Konfigurationsschaltung KO ist eingerichtet, die mit dem ersten Schalter S1 verbundene Seite der Einzelwandler schaltbar parallel oder seriell miteinander zu verbinden (und auch diese Seiten mit dem ersten Schalter zu verbinden). Auf der Seite des Niedervoltbordnetzzweigs NV2 sind die In the embodiment shown, the second DC voltage converter W2 is configured to be multi-phase, in particular two-phase. In the specific example shown, the second converter W2 comprises two individual converters which are connected to the low-voltage on-board network branch NV. A configuration circuit KO connects the second converter W2 (or its individual converter) to one side of the first switch S1. The configuration circuit KO is set up to connect the side of the individual transducers connected to the first switch S1 in a switchable manner in parallel or in series (and also to connect these sides to the first switch). On the side of the low-voltage on-board network branch NV2 are the
Einzelwandler des zweiten Wandlers W2 miteinander vorzugsweise parallel verbunden. Die mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters S1 verbundene Seite des zweiten Wandlers W2 umfasst ein oder mehrere Zwischenkreiskondensatoren, im Falle von mehreren Einzelwandlern mehrere Zwischenkreiskondensatoren. Diese werden ebenso mittels der Konfigurationsschaltung KO miteinander seriell oder parallel verbunden, insbesondere da diese an den jeweiligen Eingängen der Einzelwandler parallel angeschlossen sind. Individual transducers of the second transducer W2 are preferably connected to one another in parallel. The side of the second converter W2 connected to one side of the first switch S1 comprises one or more intermediate circuit capacitors, in the case of several individual converters, several intermediate circuit capacitors. These are also connected to one another in series or in parallel by means of the configuration circuit KO, in particular since they are connected in parallel to the respective inputs of the individual converters.
Neben dem Inverter I und dem Motor M, die zusammen Teil des elektrischen Antriebs sind, ist eine Flochvoltkomponente K an die zweite Seite 2S des ersten Wandlers W1 angeschlossen. Es ist ersichtlich, dass der zweite Wandler W2 nicht wie eine derartige Last bzw. Komponente angeschlossen ist, sondern an die erste
Seite 1 S des ersten Wandlers. Somit sind der elektrische Antrieb und der zweite Wandler mit zwei an unterschiedlichen, entgegengesetzten Seiten 1 S, 2S des ersten Wandlers W1 angeschlossen. Es kann eine Steuerung ST bestehen, die ansteuernd mit dem ersten und dem zweiten Schalter verbunden ist, vorzugsweise auch mit dem dritten Schalter, dem vierten Schalter und dem fünften Schalter, sofern vorhanden. Ferner kann die Steuerung ST ansteuernd mit dem ersten Wandler W1 und dem zweiten Wandler W2 verbunden sein, um zumindest dessen Aktivitätszustand (inaktiv/aktiv) einzustellen.
In addition to the inverter I and the motor M, which together are part of the electric drive, a floch voltage component K is connected to the second side 2S of the first converter W1. It can be seen that the second converter W2 is not connected like such a load or component, but to the first Side 1 S of the first converter. The electric drive and the second converter are thus connected to two on different, opposite sides 1S, 2S of the first converter W1. There can be a controller ST which is connected to control the first and the second switch, preferably also to the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch, if present. Furthermore, the controller ST can be connected to the first converter W1 and the second converter W2 in order to set at least its active state (inactive / active).
Claims
1. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) mit einem Gleichspannungsladeanschluss (GA), einem Akkumulator (AK), einem ersten Gleichspannungswandler (W1 ), und einem elektrischen Antrieb (I, M), wobei der erste Gleichspannungswandler (GW) eine erste Seite (1 S) aufweist, die über einen ersten Schalter (S1 ) mit einem Verbindungspunkt (VP) verbunden ist und der erste 1. Vehicle electrical system (FB) with a DC voltage charging connection (GA), an accumulator (AK), a first DC voltage converter (W1), and an electric drive (I, M), the first DC voltage converter (GW) having a first side (1 S) which is connected to a connection point (VP) via a first switch (S1) and the first
Gleichspannungswandler (GW) eine zweite Seite (2S) aufweist, an die der elektrische Antrieb (I, M) angeschlossen ist und die über einen zweiten Schalter (S2) und über einen Verbindungspunkt (VP) mit dem Akkumulator (AK) oder direkt mit dem Akkumulator (AK) verbunden ist, wobei das Fahrzeugbordnetz einen zweiten Gleichspannungswandler (W2) aufweist, der an eine Seite des ersten Schalters (S1 ) angeschlossen ist. DC voltage converter (GW) has a second side (2S) to which the electric drive (I, M) is connected and which is connected via a second switch (S2) and via a connection point (VP) to the accumulator (AK) or directly to the Accumulator (AK) is connected, the vehicle electrical system having a second DC voltage converter (W2) which is connected to one side of the first switch (S1).
2. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach Anspruch 1 , wobei der zweite 2. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to claim 1, wherein the second
Gleichspannungswandler (W2) an die erste Seite des ersten DC / DC converter (W2) on the first side of the first
Gleichspannungswandlers (W1 ) angeschlossen ist oder an den DC voltage converter (W1) is connected or to the
Verbindungspunkt (VP) angeschlossen ist. Connection point (VP) is connected.
3. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Akkumulator über einen dritten Schalter (S3) mit dem Verbindungspunkt (VP) verbunden ist. 3. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the accumulator is connected to the connection point (VP) via a third switch (S3).
4. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach Anspruch 1 , 2 oder 3, wobei der erste und der zweite Gleichspannungswandler (W1 , W2) jeweils galvanisch trennende Gleichspannungswandler sind. 4. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first and the second DC voltage converter (W1, W2) are each electrically isolating DC voltage converters.
5. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Niedervoltbordnetzzweig (NV) des Fahrzeugbordnetzes (FB) über den zweiten Gleichspannungswandler (W2) mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters (S1 ) verbunden ist.
5. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a low-voltage electrical system branch (NV) of the vehicle electrical system (FB) via the second DC voltage converter (W2) is connected to one side of the first switch (S1).
6. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der zweite Gleichspannungswandler (W2) eine Flochvoltseite aufweist, die mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters (S1 ) verbunden ist und eine 6. The vehicle electrical system (FB) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second DC voltage converter (W2) has a Flochvoltseite which is connected to one side of the first switch (S1) and one
Niedervoltseite aufweist, die mit dem Niedervoltbordnetzzweig (NV) verbunden ist. Has low-voltage side, which is connected to the low-voltage electrical system branch (NV).
7. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Gleichspannungsladeanschluss (GA) über einen vierten Schalter (S4) mit dem Verbindungspunkt (VP) verbunden ist. 7. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the direct voltage charging connection (GA) is connected to the connection point (VP) via a fourth switch (S4).
8. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, das ferner einen Wechselspannungsladeanschluss (WA) aufweist, der über eine Gleichrichtervorrichtung (GR) des Fahrzeugbordnetzes (FB) mit der ersten Seite (1 S) des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers (W1 ) angeschlossen ist. 8. The vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an AC voltage charging connection (WA), which is connected to the first side (1 S) of the first DC voltage converter (W1) via a rectifier device (GR) of the vehicle electrical system (FB).
9. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach Anspruch 8, wobei der 9. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to claim 8, wherein the
Wechselspannungsladeanschluss (WA) über einen fünften Schalter (S5) mit der Gleichrichtervorrichtung (GR) verbunden ist und die AC voltage charging connection (WA) is connected to the rectifier device (GR) via a fifth switch (S5) and the
Gleichrichtervorrichtung (GR) den fünften Schalter (S5) mit der ersten Seite (1 S) des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers (W1 ) verbunden ist. Rectifier device (GR) the fifth switch (S5) is connected to the first side (1 S) of the first DC voltage converter (W1).
10. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Gleichrichtervorrichtung als Leistungsfaktorkorrekturfilter ausgebildet ist. 10. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rectifier device is designed as a power factor correction filter.
11. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der dritte Schalter (LV) über eine lösbare Verbindung (LV) mit dem 11. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the third switch (LV) via a releasable connection (LV) with the
Verbindungspunkt (VP) verbunden ist. Connection point (VP) is connected.
12. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Akkumulator (AK) und der dritte Schalter (S3) einerseits und der erste Schalter (S1 ), der zweite Schalter (S2), der erste Gleichspannungswandler (W1 ) sowie der zweite Gleichspannungswandler (W2) andererseits in verschiedenen Gehäusen untergebracht sind.
12. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the accumulator (AK) and the third switch (S3) on the one hand and the first switch (S1), the second switch (S2), the first DC voltage converter (W1) and the second DC voltage converters (W2) on the other hand are housed in different housings.
13. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der elektrische Antrieb (I, M) als Flochvoltkom ponente ausgebildet ist und mindestens eine weitere Flochvoltkom ponente (K) an die zweite Seite (2S) des ersten Gleichspannungswandlers (W1 ) angeschlossen ist. 13. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric drive (I, M) is designed as a Flochvoltkom component and at least one further Flochvoltkom component (K) is connected to the second side (2S) of the first DC voltage converter (W1) .
14. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der zweite Gleichspannungswandler (W2) mehrere Einzelwandler aufweist, die über eine Konfigurationsschaltung (KO) mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters (S1 ) verbunden ist, wobei die Konfigurationsschaltung (KO) in einem ersten Konfigurationszustand die Einzelwandler seriell miteinander verbindet und in einem zweiten Konfigurationszustand die Einzelwandler parallel miteinander verbindet. 14. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second DC voltage converter (W2) has a plurality of individual converters which are connected to one side of the first switch (S1) via a configuration circuit (KO), the configuration circuit (KO) in one The first configuration state connects the individual converters in series with one another and, in a second configuration state, connects the individual converters in parallel with one another.
15. Fahrzeugbordnetz (FB) nach Anspruch 14, wobei jeder Einzelwandler einen15. Vehicle electrical system (FB) according to claim 14, wherein each individual converter one
Zwischenkreiskondensator aufweist, der über die Konfigurationsschaltung (KO) mit einer Seite des ersten Schalters (S1 ) verbunden ist, wobei die Zwischenkreiskondensatoren abhängig vom Konfigurationszustand seriell oder parallel miteinander verbunden sind.
Having intermediate circuit capacitor which is connected to one side of the first switch (S1) via the configuration circuit (KO), the intermediate circuit capacitors being connected to one another in series or in parallel depending on the configuration state.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019209854.1A DE102019209854A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Vehicle electrical system |
PCT/EP2020/068468 WO2021001406A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Vehicle electrical system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3994021A1 true EP3994021A1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
Family
ID=71452227
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20736315.1A Pending EP3994021A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Vehicle electrical system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11936289B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3994021A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114026765A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019209854A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021001406A1 (en) |
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FR3142133A1 (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2024-05-24 | Psa Automobiles Sa | MOTOR VEHICLE INCLUDING AN ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTION BOX |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4962184B2 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2012-06-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle power supply |
US8080973B2 (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2011-12-20 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for energy transfer using converter and method of manufacturing same |
US9233613B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-01-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrically powered vehicle and method for controlling electrically powered vehicle |
EP3113315A1 (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-04 | Hella KGaA Hueck & Co | Automotive dual voltage battery charging system |
US20180159425A1 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-07 | Dongah Elecomm Corporation | Dc-dc converter |
KR101726421B1 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2017-04-14 | 주식회사 동아일렉콤 | Dc-dc converter |
DE102017001470A1 (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-11-23 | Daimler Ag | Electrical system for an electrically driven vehicle |
DE102017213682A1 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | A battery charging device for a motor vehicle, a method for operating a motor vehicle-side battery charging device, high-voltage vehicle electrical system and use of a battery charging device |
-
2019
- 2019-07-04 DE DE102019209854.1A patent/DE102019209854A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-07-01 WO PCT/EP2020/068468 patent/WO2021001406A1/en unknown
- 2020-07-01 EP EP20736315.1A patent/EP3994021A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-01 CN CN202080048894.5A patent/CN114026765A/en active Pending
- 2020-07-01 US US17/623,402 patent/US11936289B2/en active Active
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KR20220048995A (en) | 2022-04-20 |
WO2021001406A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
DE102019209854A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
US20220393573A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 |
CN114026765A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
US11936289B2 (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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