EP3953989A1 - Passive radiofrequency device comprising axial attachment openings - Google Patents
Passive radiofrequency device comprising axial attachment openingsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3953989A1 EP3953989A1 EP20717975.5A EP20717975A EP3953989A1 EP 3953989 A1 EP3953989 A1 EP 3953989A1 EP 20717975 A EP20717975 A EP 20717975A EP 3953989 A1 EP3953989 A1 EP 3953989A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bearing surface
- channel
- radio frequency
- core
- axial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/04—Fixed joints
- H01P1/042—Hollow waveguide joints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
- H01P11/001—Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P11/002—Manufacturing hollow waveguides
Definitions
- Passive radio frequency device comprising axial fixing openings
- the present invention relates to a radiofrequency device comprising axial fixing openings.
- Passive radio frequency devices are used to propagate or manipulate radio frequency signals without using active electronic components.
- Passive radio-frequency devices include, for example, passive waveguides based on guiding waves inside hollow metal channels, filters, antennas, mode converters, etc. Such devices can be used for signal routing, frequency filtering, separation or recombination of signals, transmission or reception of signals in or from free space, etc.
- Conventional waveguides used for radiofrequency signals have internal openings of section, for example rectangular or circular. They make it possible to propagate electromagnetic modes corresponding to different distributions of electromagnetic field along their section.
- Radio frequency devices are for example used in aerospace (airplane, helicopter, drone), to equip a spacecraft in space, on a boat at sea or on an underwater vehicle, on vehicles operating in the desert or in the high mountains, each time in hostile or even extreme conditions. In these environments, radiofrequency devices are particularly exposed to:
- the waveguide being integrated into a machine which is subjected to shocks, vibrations and loads which impact the waveguide;
- waveguides are known formed by assembling previously machined metal plates, which make it possible to manufacture waveguides capable of operating in hostile environments.
- the manufacture of these waveguides is often difficult, expensive and difficult to adapt to the manufacture of light waveguides with complex shapes.
- the waveguides thus produced by assembling plates of aluminum, copper, titanium, etc., with or without surface treatments, are therefore often produced as standardized parts which must then be assembled together.
- it is often useful to be able to connect two or more passive radiofrequency devices for example a waveguide with an antenna or several portions of waveguides, in order to create various types of configurations.
- These assemblies are most often made by means of flanges or flanges in order to achieve the desired system.
- the presence of these connection elements increases the weight of the system, which is particularly problematic for applications in aeronautics or space.
- document WO2018029455 describes a waveguide connector comprising a flange (flange) and a plurality of ports.
- the flange includes means for coupling to another waveguide connector, each port of the plurality of ports being configured to interface with a respective waveguide.
- the volume of the flange and its weight are significant compared to the connector.
- WO2017 / 192071 discloses a waveguide interconnection system which allows fast and reliable interconnection with a minimum of interconnections.
- the interconnection system comprises a flange adapter element adapted to be disposed between two flanges of two waveguides.
- the connection of the two waveguides therefore requires an additional part to connect the waveguides, which increases the complexity and the cost for the assembly of waveguides.
- Waveguides comprising ceramic or polymer walls manufactured by an additive method and then covered with a metal plating have in particular been suggested.
- the internal surfaces of the waveguide must indeed be electrically conductive in order to operate.
- the use of a non-conductive core makes it possible on the one hand to reduce the weight and the cost of the device, on the other hand to implement 3D printing methods adapted to polymers or ceramics and allowing the production of parts. high precision with low roughness.
- waveguides are known made by additive manufacturing and comprising a non-conductive core manufactured, for example, by stereolithography, by selective laser melting, by selective laser sintering, or by another additive process.
- This core typically comprises an internal opening for the propagation of the radiofrequency signal.
- the internal walls of the core around the opening may be coated with an electrically conductive coating, for example a metal plating.
- US2012 / 0084968A1 describes a method of manufacturing passive waveguides in several parts produced by 3D printing and then metallized before being assembled.
- Multi-piece manufacturing makes the process more flexible and allows for complex shaped pieces that it would be impossible to print in one operation.
- this process creates discontinuities in the metal layer at the junction between the different metallized parts, which disturb the transmission of the signal in the waveguide.
- the precise fit of the different parts is difficult to guarantee, and can hardly be improved by polishing or adjusting the metal layer which is generally too thin.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a passive or active radiofrequency device free from or minimizing the limitations of known devices.
- An object of the invention is in particular to provide a radiofrequency device, for example a passive device, for example a waveguide, easily connectable to other elements, for example other waveguides, antennas, polarizers, etc.
- a radiofrequency device for example a passive device, for example a waveguide, easily connectable to other elements, for example other waveguides, antennas, polarizers, etc.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a radiofrequency device easy to assemble and of reduced mass, suitable for uses where mass reduction constitutes a critical objective.
- a radiofrequency device comprising at least: a tube traversed by a channel, a front face and / or a rear face forming a bearing surface crossed by the channel , said bearing surface forming an annular frame around one end of the tube and integral with the tube, said bearing surface comprising a plurality of axial fixing openings passing through the bearing surface and opening out to the outside of said channel in order to allow the fixing of the device, the width of said frame being greater at and in the immediate vicinity of the axial fixing openings than at a distance from these axial fixing openings.
- the front face and / or the rear face thus form a lightened flange.
- annular and the expression “annular frame” denote any closed shape and not solid, including for example a rectangular ring, square, circular, oval, elliptical, etc., The shape of the circumference external may be different from the shape of the opening.
- the support surface (s) make it possible to align the device and to press it against another device fixed by means of the axial fixing openings.
- At least one of the axial fixing openings can be reinforced.
- An axial opening is for example said to be reinforced if the bearing surface uses more material near the axial fixing openings than between these axial fixing openings.
- An axial opening is for example said to be reinforced when the bearing surface forms an annular surface around the channel and that the width of this annular surface is greater at the opening than between two openings.
- the opening is for example said to be reinforced when this axial opening is made in an atrium or another prominent portion around the annular surface surrounding the channel.
- An axial opening is also said to be reinforced when the bearing surface forms an annular surface around the axial channel, that this bearing surface comprises with the exception of a portion, for example a ring, around the axial opening.
- the reinforcement of the bearing surface at the level of the axial fixing openings makes it possible to comparatively lighten this bearing surface between these fixing openings, which ultimately allows a lighter bearing surface to be obtained.
- the bearing surface may be provided with an opening corresponding to said channel, and an annular surface around this opening.
- the width of the bearing surface may be wider at and in the immediate vicinity of the axial fixing openings than at a distance from these axial fixing openings.
- the bearing surface can be thinned between the axial fixing openings.
- the bearing surface may be provided with recesses between the axial fixing openings.
- all or part of the bearing surfaces of the front or rear faces comprises a lattice structure.
- the use of such a structure easy to achieve by additive manufacturing, makes it possible to lighten the bearing surfaces, in particular between the lugs or the fixing openings, in order to further reduce the mass while maintaining sufficient rigidity of the portions. support.
- At least one of the bearing surfaces comprises a plurality of fixing lugs, each of the lugs comprising at least one said axial fixing opening.
- the reinforced ear cups make it possible to avoid deformation of the device when it is attached to another device by means of screws or pins engaged in the axial fixing openings.
- Each of the atria can be independent and separate from the others, thus forming inter-ear spaces devoid of material, making it possible to lighten the structure of the device.
- the device may have exactly three axial fixing openings on one or more faces, in order to allow isostatic fixing.
- the device may have exactly three atria per bearing surface, defining an isostatic fixing plane.
- the devices can be fixed together using at least one screw or pin engaged in each axial fixing opening.
- the screw (s) can be metallic or made of other materials.
- the device can be a waveguide, more particularly a waveguide for a satellite antenna.
- the bearing surface is flat.
- the fastening of two elements with flat faces makes it possible to achieve a simple, reliable fastening, which is quickly installed.
- the bearing surface is in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel. It is thus easy to produce devices with standard profiles, with aligned ear cups, for easy and rigorous assembly. [0048] Also advantageously, the bearing surface can be manufactured integrally with the device. The monobloc manufacture makes it possible to simplify the manufacture, and makes it easier to obtain regular and precise dimensions.
- the device and its bearing surfaces are produced by additive manufacturing. This manufacturing method is particularly advantageous for making custom or standard parts with consistent quality.
- the channel may include a non-conductive core and a conductive casing around this core, said core and said conductive casing extending into said bearing surface.
- the thickness of the metallic conductive layer is advantageously at least equal to five times the depth of skin d, preferably at least twenty times the depth of skin d. This large thickness is not necessary for the transmission of the signal, but contributes to the rigidity of the device, which is thus guaranteed by the metal casing despite a core in several parts potentially less rigid than a monolithic core, and despite a surface support of the flanges which is reduced.
- the skin depth d is defined as:
- the core of the device can be formed from a polymer material.
- the core of the device can be formed from a metal or an alloy, for example aluminum, titanium or steel.
- the core of the device can be formed of ceramic.
- the core of the device can be produced by stereolithography, by selective laser melting or by selective laser sintering.
- the metal layer forming the envelope can optionally comprise a metal chosen from Cu, Au, Ag, Ni, Al, stainless steel, brass or a combination of these metals.
- the resistance of the device chosen from the resistance in traction, in torsion, in bending or a combination of these resistances can be conferred mainly by the conductive layer.
- the deposition of the conductive layer on the core is carried out by electroplating or electroplating, chemical deposition, vacuum deposition, physical vapor deposition (PVD), deposition by printing, deposition by sintering .
- electroplating or electroplating chemical deposition
- vacuum deposition vacuum deposition
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the conductive layer comprises several layers of metals and / or non-metals deposited successively.
- the manufacturing of the core includes an additive manufacturing step.
- additive manufacturing is understood to mean any process for manufacturing parts by adding material, according to computer data stored on a computer medium and defining a model of the part.
- the expression also designates other manufacturing methods by hardening or coagulation of liquid or powder in particular, including without limitation methods based on ink jets (binder jetting), DED (Direct Energy Deposition), EBFF (Electron beam freeform fabrication), FDM (fused deposition modeling), PFF (plastic freeforming), by aerosols, BPM (ballistic particle manufacturing), powder bed, SLS (Selective Laser Sintering), ALM ( additive Layer Manufacturing), polyjet, EBM (electron beam melting), photopolymerization, etc.
- Manufacturing by stereolithography or by selective laser melting is however preferred because it makes it possible to obtain parts with relatively clean surface states, with low roughness.
- the manufacture of the core can include an additive manufacturing step by stereolithography, by selective laser melting or by selective laser sintering.
- conductive layer In the context of the invention, the terms “conductive layer”, “conductive coating”, “metallic conductive layer” and “metallic layer” are synonymous and interchangeable.
- Figures 1a, 1b and 1c illustrate examples of waveguides of the prior art, comprising a flange surrounding the waveguide and making it possible to fix together two waveguides provided with compatible flanges;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of two parts intended to be assembled along a junction plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the signal in order to form a waveguide of greater length;
- Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of an ear cup of an alternative device in which the attachment ear cups are made with a lattice structure;
- Figure 4 illustrates a front view of a front face or rear face of a waveguide device forming a bearing surface (flange) provided with an opening corresponding to said channel, said bearing surface being made of latticework and comprising four reinforced axial openings.
- Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a device comprising a core covered with a conductive casing on the internal and external walls.
- FIGS. 1 a to 1c illustrate examples of flanges belonging to radiofrequency devices of the prior art. These flanges are provided to facilitate the assembly together of several devices, for example several waveguide sections of identical or different shapes.
- the fixing is achieved by bringing into contact the flanges provided at the ends of the waveguide sections.
- the flanges have openings for the installation of fixing elements such as screws or pins.
- Known flanges are of large dimensions and their area is significantly larger than the area of a section of the waveguide. The large surfaces provided allow high quality assemblies to be made, with precise alignments, without risk of altering the performance of the assembled elements.
- the radiofrequency device 1 here a passive radiofrequency device, for example a waveguide, comprises a tube 2 of elongated shape according to a longitudinal axis AA.
- a channel 3 for transmitting the radiofrequency signal is also aligned along the axis AA, and passes through the tube.
- the longitudinal opening 3 is of rectangular section and defines a channel for the transmission of the radiofrequency signal.
- Other channel shapes including channels of round, square, elliptical, semicircular, semi-elliptical, hexagonal, octagonal, etc., may be employed.
- the section of the opening is determined according to the frequency of the electromagnetic signal to be transmitted.
- the dimensions of this internal channel and its shape are determined according to the operational frequency of the device 1, that is to say the frequency of the electromagnetic signal for which the device is manufactured and for which a stable mode of transmission and optionally with a minimum of attenuation is obtained.
- the tube 2 can be made of metal, or by metallization of a core 2, for example of polymer, epoxy, ceramic, organic material or metal.
- a front face 4 and / or a rear face 5 define bearing surfaces for interconnecting two or more devices 1 along the axis A-A.
- the bearing surfaces of the front 4 and rear 5 faces are in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the channel.
- the front and / or rear faces of the device form an annular surface around the channel 3, this annular surface comprising a plurality of fixing lugs 6.
- the width of the annular surface is therefore greater at the level of the atria around the attachment points than between these atria, which reinforces the attachment points.
- the contact face of each atrium is coplanar with the adjacent face 4 or 5 of the channel.
- the arrangements can be designed so as to maintain compatibility with existing flanges, standardized or not.
- exactly three fixing points are provided, thus allowing isostatic fixing.
- These three fixing points are provided in three lugs 6 distributed around the opening and thus creating an isostatic fixing plane.
- the ear cups 6 are distributed here with two ear cups at the lower corners and one in the middle zone of the opposite edge. Other arrangements with ear cups 6 in the corners and / or along the edges are possible.
- the ear cups have axial openings 7, serving to insert fasteners such as screws, screw / nut assemblies, pins, etc.
- Other openings may be provided in the atria or in the bearing surfaces to reduce the mass. Heat dissipation surfaces can also be provided.
- the dimensions of the ear cups 6 are greatly reduced compared to those of the device 1.
- the ear cups 6 are dimensioned so that the total sum of the wheelbases E is less than a third and more preferably less than a quarter of the outer perimeter of the core 2 of the device 1.
- wheelbase is meant the width of the atrium at the level of the intersection with l 'core 2 of the device, as illustrated for example in Figures 2 and 4.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which at least one of the atria 6, and possibly the rest of the annular surface around the channel, consists of a lattice structure, that is to say comprising beams separated by recesses.
- Such an architecture further contributes to the mass reduction objectives, without affecting the rigidity and / or the durability of the binding.
- Figure 4 illustrates a front view of a bearing surface (flange) 4 entirely in a lattice between the four axial fixing openings 7.
- the openings are reinforced by means of a reinforcing ring 70 more dense than the rest of the mesh around each opening.
- This embodiment makes it possible to increase the dimension of the bearing surface 4, without however, considerably increase its mass, and thus ensure a strictly flat bearing surface even after clamping against the corresponding bearing surface of an adjacent device.
- the density of the mesh can vary around the periphery of the bearing surface, and for example be greater near the fixing openings 7 than at a distance from these openings.
- the tube and its bearing surfaces 6 are preferably produced by additive manufacturing, as described below. This method of manufacture makes it possible to produce in a simple manner a device provided with bearing surfaces (flanges) of complex shape, for example a tube provided with ear cups, and / or a lattice structure.
- Figure 2 illustrates two devices 1 aligned, intended to be fixed together.
- the two devices are intended in this example to be juxtaposed one after the other in the direction of transmission of the signal, thus forming a continuous elongated longitudinal channel.
- the bearing surfaces intended to be brought into contact are plane and perpendicular to the direction of transmission of the radiofrequency signal.
- the front face or the rear face of the device may include a very slightly recessed central zone so that it does not touch the face of the puddle of the device or of the connected equipment, but that it is separated from it by a narrow space.
- the recessed area is delimited by a deeper groove in the surface of the flange. This arrangement allows operation in short circuit.
- This embedded central zone can also be provided in the case of a lattice flange as described above.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the device in which a layer formed by a metallic deposition forms a conductive envelope 8 on the internal surface and 9 on the external surface of the core 2.
- the coating can also be an assembly of layers and comprise for example a smoothing layer directly on the core, one or more tie layers, etc.
- the bearing surfaces themselves also include a core covered by the outer conductive layer 8.
- this conductive coating 8 or 9 must be sufficient for the surface to be electrically conductive at the chosen radio frequency. This is typically obtained using a conductive layer whose thickness is greater than the skin depth d.
- This thickness is preferably substantially constant on all internal surfaces in order to obtain a finished part with precise dimensional tolerances for the channel.
- the thickness of this layer 8 or 9 is at least five times greater and preferably at least twenty times greater than the skin depth, in order to improve the structural, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties. of the device.
- the surface currents are thus mainly, if not almost exclusively, concentrated in this layer.
- the device 1 is advantageously manufactured by additive manufacturing, preferably by stereolithography, by selective laser melting, by "selective laser sintering" (SLS) in order to reduce the roughness of the surface.
- the material of the core can be non-conductive or conductive.
- the wall thickness is for example between 0.5 and 3 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 1.5 mm.
- the shape of the device can be determined by a computer file stored in a computer data medium and making it possible to control an additive manufacturing device.
- the deposition of conductive metal on the internal and possibly external faces is done by immersing the core 2 in a series of successive baths, typically 1 to 15 baths. Each bath involves a fluid with one or more reagents. The deposition does not require applying a current to the core to be covered.
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- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1903808A FR3095080B1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Passive radiofrequency device comprising axial fixing openings |
PCT/IB2020/053393 WO2020208569A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Passive radiofrequency device comprising axial attachment openings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3953989A1 true EP3953989A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
Family
ID=68210879
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20717975.5A Pending EP3953989A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Passive radiofrequency device comprising axial attachment openings |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11955683B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3953989A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3133598C (en) |
FR (1) | FR3095080B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL285879A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020208569A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SG189128A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2013-05-31 | Aviat Networks Inc | Systems and methods for manufacturing passive waveguide components |
WO2014174494A2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Swissto12 Sa | Flanges for connection between corrugated wave-guiding modules |
US10490874B2 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2019-11-26 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Board to board contactless interconnect system using waveguide sections connected by conductive gaskets |
EP3453070B1 (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2022-04-20 | Gapwaves AB | An arrangement for interconnection of waveguide structures and a structure for a waveguide structure interconnecting arrangement |
WO2018029455A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | Airbus Defence And Space Limited | Waveguide assembly and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2023023769A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-16 | 古野電気株式会社 | Waveguide connection member |
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 FR FR1903808A patent/FR3095080B1/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-04-09 WO PCT/IB2020/053393 patent/WO2020208569A1/en unknown
- 2020-04-09 CA CA3133598A patent/CA3133598C/en active Active
- 2020-04-09 EP EP20717975.5A patent/EP3953989A1/en active Pending
- 2020-04-09 US US17/601,781 patent/US11955683B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-08-25 IL IL285879A patent/IL285879A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3133598C (en) | 2023-11-14 |
CA3133598A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
US20220216579A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
FR3095080A1 (en) | 2020-10-16 |
IL285879A (en) | 2021-10-31 |
US11955683B2 (en) | 2024-04-09 |
FR3095080B1 (en) | 2022-04-01 |
WO2020208569A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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