EP3950460B1 - Unterboden eines fahrzeugs, entsprechendes fahrzeug und zusammenbauverfahren - Google Patents

Unterboden eines fahrzeugs, entsprechendes fahrzeug und zusammenbauverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3950460B1
EP3950460B1 EP21189823.4A EP21189823A EP3950460B1 EP 3950460 B1 EP3950460 B1 EP 3950460B1 EP 21189823 A EP21189823 A EP 21189823A EP 3950460 B1 EP3950460 B1 EP 3950460B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
panel
longitudinal direction
transverse
floor elements
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Application number
EP21189823.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3950460A1 (de
Inventor
Fabrice BENIZEAU
Cédric Laurencon
Guy RENAUD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SpeedInnov SAS
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SpeedInnov SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
    • B61F1/08—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle underbody.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising at least one body comprising such a rocker panel, as well as a method of assembling the rocker panel.
  • the invention lies in the field of manufacturing vehicle bodies, in particular railway vehicle car bodies, and more precisely the underbody.
  • a railway vehicle generally comprises several cars mechanically connected to each other and comprising at least one engine provided with vehicle propulsion means.
  • Each car includes a metal body mounted on wheels, generally offset on bogies located under the body.
  • the metal body is formed by assembling a lower body, two side walls and a ceiling, arranged to form a tube structure, and two end closing walls. These elements are generally assembled by welding, in particular by electric arc welding, for example of the MIG type (for Metal Inert Gas , that is to say welding under neutral gas which does not react with the welded metal).
  • MIG type Metal Inert Gas
  • the underbody is also assembled beforehand from several metal parts welded with an electric arc.
  • the structure of the lower body comprises two longitudinal stretchers arranged on either side of the lower body, and a plurality of transverse beams connecting the two stretchers.
  • a sealing floor comprising one or more sheets is then placed under the transverse beams so as to close the lower body and form the floor of the car.
  • This manufacturing process can be improved. In fact, it uses a large number of electric arc welds, which are difficult to automate and require a lot of intervention on the assembly line.
  • welds are carried out using a process by adding material, and the additional mass added to the underbody is not negligible.
  • the floor plates must be dimensioned exactly to the dimensions of the underbody, which leads to low modularity of the process.
  • the document DE 29 08 823 A1 discloses a vehicle underbody comprising two stretchers extending in a longitudinal direction and floor elements arranged between the stretchers.
  • An aim of the invention is therefore to provide a lower body manufactured using a process that is simpler to automate, more modular, and requires a reduced number of complex welds.
  • the subject of the invention is a rocker panel according to claim 1.
  • rocker panel is simple and modular in manufacturing, thanks to floor elements replacing both the transverse beams and the sealing floor and whose installation and assembly are simpler and automatable.
  • the underbody according to the invention has one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 6, taken in isolation or in any technically feasible combination.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle according to claim 7.
  • the invention further relates to a method of assembling a rocker panel according to claim 8.
  • the method according to the invention has one or more of the characteristics of claims 9 and 10, taken in isolation or in any technically feasible combination.
  • a rocker panel 10 according to the invention is shown in exploded view on the figure 1 .
  • the lower body 10 is intended to form part of a vehicle body, in particular in combination with two side walls, a ceiling and two transverse end walls.
  • the body base is more particularly intended to form the floor of the car.
  • the vehicle is in particular a railway vehicle comprising several cars each comprising such a body, the bodies being mounted on bogies carrying wheels.
  • the vehicle is a road vehicle, such as for example a bus with one or more bodies, or a utility vehicle.
  • the longitudinal direction X extends according to the direction of travel of the vehicle in normal operation.
  • the elevation direction Z is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X and extends along a height of the vehicle.
  • the transverse direction Y is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X and to the elevation direction Z and extends along the width of the vehicle.
  • substantially equal means “equal” with a margin of error less than or equal to 10% of the nominal value, preferably less than or equal to 5%.
  • the lower body 10 comprises two stretchers 12 and a floor 14 arranged between the stretchers 12.
  • the stretchers 12 have elongated shapes in the longitudinal direction X, and are spaced apart from each other in the transverse direction Y, on either side of the floor 14.
  • the stretchers 12 extend over the entire length of the lower body 10, in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the stretchers 12 have curved profiles in a plane YZ parallel to the transverse direction Y and to the direction of elevation Z, so as to form a junction between the floor 14 extending substantially in a transverse plane XY parallel to the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction Y and a side wall extending substantially in an elevation plane XZ parallel to the longitudinal direction X and to the elevation direction Z.
  • the plane XY is substantially horizontal and the XZ plane is substantially vertical.
  • each stretcher 12 has an upper edge 16 intended to be fixed to one of the side walls of the body, and a lower edge 18 fixed to the floor 14.
  • the floor 14 comprises a plurality of floor elements 20 aligned in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the floor 14 is formed by assembling a plurality of panels 22, each panel 22 comprising a plurality of floor elements 20 assembled in the longitudinal direction X, in particular between three and seven floor elements 20.
  • the floor 14 thus comprises four panels 22, including two panels 22 comprising six floor elements 20 and two panels 22 comprising five floor elements 20.
  • the floor 14 also comprises at least one crosspiece 24 connecting between the stretchers 12, each crosspiece 24 extending in the transverse direction Y along one of the panels 22 to which the crosspiece 24 is fixed.
  • each panel 22 is fixed to two crosspieces 24 which extend on either side of the panel 22 in the longitudinal direction X, so that each panel 22 is separated from neighboring panel(s) 22 by crosspieces 24.
  • the floor 14 further comprises two crosspieces 24 located at its two ends in the longitudinal direction X.
  • a floor element 20 is shown in detail on the figure 2 .
  • the floor elements 20 are all identical to each other, which simplifies their manufacture and the management of parts stocks.
  • Each floor element 20 comprises a substantially rectangular plate 30 and at least one beam 32 elongated in the transverse direction Y, the plate 30 and the beam 32 being integral with each other.
  • the beam 32 and the plate 30 are two parts of the same part and are continuous with each other.
  • Each floor element 20 has in particular a section of constant shape in any elevation plane XZ.
  • the floor elements 20 are manufactured by extrusion through the same die, so as to simultaneously form the plate 30 and the beam 32. This simplifies the manufacture of the floor elements 20 and increases reproducibility.
  • the beam 32 is a structure, in particular metallic, of elongated shape in the transverse direction Y, which has for example a T-shaped section, so as to present good resistance to torsion.
  • the beam 32 has an I, K, Z, or other section.
  • the beam 32 has a height H, measured in the direction of elevation Z, for example between 3 cm and 10 cm.
  • the height H is chosen according to the stiffness desired floor 14, and in some cases may be less than 3 cm or greater than 10 cm.
  • the plate 30 is a flattened structure, in particular metallic, which extends on either side of the beam 32 in a transverse plane XY orthogonal to the direction of elevation Z.
  • the plate 30 extends for example from the foot of the T in the case where the beam 32 has a T-shaped section.
  • the plate 30 has a thickness E, measured in the direction of elevation Z, for example between 1 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 1 mm and 3 mm.
  • the thickness E is chosen according to the desired resistance of the underbody 10, and in certain cases can be less than 1 mm or greater than 10 mm.
  • the plate 30 has a width L, measured in the longitudinal direction X, for example between 50 cm and 150 cm.
  • the width L of the plate 30 is equal to a total width of the floor element 20.
  • the beam 32 and the plate 30 have transverse lengths T, measured in the transverse direction Y, equal to each other, and between 200 cm and 500 cm.
  • the transverse lengths T of the beam 32 and the plate 30 constitute a transverse length of the floor element 20, and therefore of the floor 14.
  • the floor elements 20 are for example made of aluminum alloy. Alternatively, the floor elements 20 are made from another metallic material capable of being shaped by extrusion and welded.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a panel 22 in a section plane XZ parallel to the longitudinal direction X and the elevation direction Z.
  • the floor elements 20 are fixed together by transverse weld beads 34 to form the panels 22.
  • Each transverse weld bead 34 extends between the plates 30 of two adjacent floor elements 20, in the transverse direction Y, over the entire transverse length T of each plate 30.
  • the transverse weld beads 34 are advantageously produced using a friction stir welding process.
  • Friction stir welding is a solid state welding process which consists of joining two parts by bringing them into a paste state using a rotating pin against the edges in contact and in translation along the weld bead to form.
  • transverse weld beads 34 formed by friction stir welding have an external surface 36 that is substantially flat, or even slightly concave, since the process is carried out without the addition of external material. This allows them to be distinguished visually weld beads obtained by a process with material addition, such as MIG type electric arc welding.
  • the transverse welding beads 34 are produced from the top of the panel 22, so that the external surface 36 extends over the top of the panel 22.
  • FIG 4 is a sectional view in a longitudinal plane XZ of two of the panels 22 and one of the crosspieces 24 of the floor 14, the crosspiece 24 being fixed to the two panels 22.
  • the crosspieces 24 are fixed to the panels 22 by intermediate weld beads 38, in particular produced by electric arc welding, for example using a MIG type process.
  • the intermediate weld beads 38 formed by electric arc welding, that is to say with the addition of material, have a curved external surface 40 which allows them to be distinguished from a bead obtained by friction mixing.
  • Each intermediate weld bead 38 is for example produced from below the floor 14.
  • the curved external surface 40 therefore extends over a lower face of the floor 14.
  • the crosspieces 24 increase the rigidity of the floor 14 in the transverse direction Y.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the floor 14 in a transverse plane YZ orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X.
  • the floor 14 is fixed to the stretchers 12 by longitudinal weld beads 42 extending in the longitudinal direction floor 14 on the other hand.
  • the longitudinal weld beads 42 extend along the lower edges 18 of the stretchers 12, over the entire length of the floor 14.
  • the longitudinal weld beads 42 are in particular produced by electric arc welding, for example using a MIG type process.
  • each longitudinal weld seam 42 is for example produced from below the floor 14.
  • each longitudinal weld seam 42 has a convex external face 44 extending over the lower face of the floor 14.
  • the underbody 10 is arranged to receive a facing floor 50 covering the floor 14 to insulate and protect it and allowing circulation in the car and/or the support of objects placed in the car.
  • the floor elements 20 manufactured by extrusion in a die make it possible to easily modify the transverse length T of the floor 14.
  • the underbody 10 is easily modular in manufacturing to the desired dimensions for the vehicle car.
  • floor elements 20 are all identical to each other, which simplifies their manufacture and the management of parts stocks.
  • the underbody 10 includes a lower number of welds than the underbody of the state of the art, and in particular a lower number of welds carried out with an electric arc.
  • welds made by friction stir are simpler to automate and do not require the addition of material. The manufacture of the underbody 10 is therefore simplified and the underbody 10 has a lower total mass than the underbody panels of the state of the art.
  • the process includes a preliminary step of producing floor elements 20 by extrusion in a die.
  • Each floor element 20 is produced with an identical transverse length T, determined as a function of the desired width of the lower body 10 in the transverse direction Y.
  • the number of floor elements 20 produced depends on the desired length of the bottom of the body 10 in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the method comprises the production of between fifteen and thirty floor elements 20, in particular twenty-two floor elements 20 in the example shown in the figures.
  • the method includes another preliminary step of supplying the two stretchers 12.
  • the method then includes a step of assembling the floor 14.
  • the assembly of the floor 14 firstly comprises the manufacture of one or more panels 22, by welding the floor elements 20 aligned in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the floor elements 20 are fixed by transverse weld beads 34, in particular produced by friction stir welding, extending between the floor elements 20 in the transverse direction Y.
  • the assembly of the floor 14 includes the manufacture of two panels 22 comprising six floor elements 20 and two panels 22 comprising five floor elements 20.
  • the assembly of the floor 14 then comprises the assembly of the panels 22 together in the longitudinal direction X, with crosspieces 24 interposed between the panels 22.
  • the panels 22 are assembled to the crosspieces 24 by intermediate weld beads 38 made with an electric arc.
  • Crosspieces 24 are also assembled at the two ends of the floor 14 in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the method finally includes a step of assembling the stretchers 12 on either side of the floor 14 in the transverse direction Y.
  • the stretchers 12 are fixed to the floor 14 by longitudinal weld beads 42, which extend between the lower edges 18 and the floor 14, in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the manufacturing process is simpler to automate than pre-existing manufacturing processes, thanks to the use of friction stir welding.
  • the method is more modular and simpler in terms of parts inventory management, thanks to the use of multiple identical floor elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Unterboden (10) eines Fahrzeugs, umfassend:
    - zwei Träger (12), die sich in einer Längsrichtung (X) erstrecken und in einer Querrichtung (Y), die im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsrichtung (X) verläuft, voneinander beabstandet sind,
    - einen Boden (14), der zwischen den Trägern (12) angeordnet ist, wobei der Boden (14) eine Vielzahl von Bodenelementen (20) umfasst, die entlang der Längsrichtung (X) ausgerichtet sind, wobei jedes Bodenelement (20) eine Platte (30) umfasst,
    die im Wesentlichen rechteckig ist, und mindestens einen Balken (32), der in Querrichtung (Y) längs verläuft, wobei die Platte (30) und der Balken (32) einstückig miteinander verbunden sind.
  2. Unterboden (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem einige der Bodenelemente (20) an mindestens einem anderen benachbarten Bodenelement (20) durch Querschweißnähte (34) befestigt sind, die sich zwischen den Platten (30) in Querrichtung (Y) erstrecken, wobei die Querschweißnähte (34) insbesondere durch Reibrührschweißverfahren hergestellt werden.
  3. Unterboden (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem die Bodenelemente (20) entlang der Längsrichtung (X) aneinander befestigt sind, um mindestens eine Platte (22) zu bilden, wobei jede Platte (22) insbesondere zwischen drei und sieben Bodenelemente (20) umfasst.
  4. Unterboden (10) nach Anspruch 3, bei dem jede Platte (22) durch Längsschweißnähte (42) an den Trägern (12) befestigt ist, wobei die Längsschweißnähte (42) insbesondere durch Lichtbogenschweißen hergestellt werden.
  5. Unterboden (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei dem der Unterboden (10) mindestens einen Querträger (24) umfasst, der die Träger (12) verbindet, wobei jeder Querträger (24) an mindestens einer Platte (22) durch eine Zwischenschweißnaht (38) befestigt ist, die insbesondere durch Lichtbogenschweißen hergestellt wird.
  6. Unterboden (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei jedes Bodenelement (20) durch Extrusion durch eine Düse hergestellt wird, so dass gleichzeitig die Platte (30) und der Balken (32) gebildet werden.
  7. Fahrzeug, umfassend mindestens eine Karosserie, die einen Unterboden (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 umfasst.
  8. Montageverfahren eines Unterbodens (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Bereitstellung der beiden Träger (12) und der mehreren Bodenelemente (20),
    - Montage des Bodens (14), wobei der Boden (14) die Bodenelemente (20) umfasst, die in der Längsrichtung (X) ausgerichtet sind,
    - Montage der Träger (12) auf beiden Seiten des Bodens (14) entlang der Querrichtung (Y).
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Verfahren einen vorbereitenden Schritt zur Herstellung von Bodenelementen (20) umfasst, wobei jedes Bodenelement (20) durch einen einzigen Extrusionsschritt in einer Düse hergestellt wird.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei die Montage des Bodens (14) das Herstellen von mindestens einer Platte (22) umfasst, wobei jede Platte (22) eine Vielzahl von Bodenelementen (20) umfasst, die in Längsrichtung (X) angeordnet sind, und die Montage der Platten (22) miteinander in der Längsrichtung (X), wobei Querträger (24) zwischen den Platten (22) angeordnet sind.
EP21189823.4A 2020-08-07 2021-08-05 Unterboden eines fahrzeugs, entsprechendes fahrzeug und zusammenbauverfahren Active EP3950460B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2008364A FR3113275B1 (fr) 2020-08-07 2020-08-07 Bas de caisse de véhicule, véhicule et procédé d’assemblage associés

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3950460A1 EP3950460A1 (de) 2022-02-09
EP3950460B1 true EP3950460B1 (de) 2024-02-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21189823.4A Active EP3950460B1 (de) 2020-08-07 2021-08-05 Unterboden eines fahrzeugs, entsprechendes fahrzeug und zusammenbauverfahren

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EP (1) EP3950460B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3113275B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2908823A1 (de) * 1979-03-07 1980-09-11 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Tragelement zur verwendung in fahrzeugen, insbesondere schienenfahrzeugen
JP2626340B2 (ja) * 1991-09-20 1997-07-02 株式会社日立製作所 車両の台枠
AT503255A3 (de) * 2006-03-06 2010-05-15 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Schienenfahrzeug mit einem untergestell
CN109109892B (zh) * 2018-09-06 2020-04-14 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 轨道车辆的底架组件及轨道车辆

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Publication number Publication date
FR3113275B1 (fr) 2023-02-24
EP3950460A1 (de) 2022-02-09
FR3113275A1 (fr) 2022-02-11

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