EP3944749A1 - Schneidleistenmesser mit hoher festigkeit und entsprechende schneidleiste - Google Patents

Schneidleistenmesser mit hoher festigkeit und entsprechende schneidleiste Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3944749A1
EP3944749A1 EP21183536.8A EP21183536A EP3944749A1 EP 3944749 A1 EP3944749 A1 EP 3944749A1 EP 21183536 A EP21183536 A EP 21183536A EP 3944749 A1 EP3944749 A1 EP 3944749A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
lpa
conformations
rear portion
triangular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21183536.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabrizio Omodeo Vanone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BCS SpA
Original Assignee
BCS SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BCS SpA filed Critical BCS SpA
Publication of EP3944749A1 publication Critical patent/EP3944749A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/02—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having reciprocating cutters
    • A01D34/13—Cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/14—Knife-bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-resistance blade for a cutter bar and the relative cutter bar.
  • Cutter bars are mainly agricultural equipment for cutting grass and the like and consist of a series of blades constrained to their parts.
  • Blades for cutter bars have been known and used for a long time and generally appear as shown in figure 1 . It should be noted that they have a triangular shape in a front portion LA which extends into an enlarged rear portion LPA for attachment to the structure of the cutter bar.
  • These blades also provide, laterally with respect to the two sides in the triangular front portion LA, two bevelled corners TM.
  • Each TM bevelled corner forms the cutting edge of the blade which faces outwardly and is located in the upper part.
  • the blades can provide a peripheral serration SF on each bevelled corner with a cutting edge TM, provided towards the outside and which faces and is almost in contact with the comb of the cutter bar.
  • this type of blade has two holes in the enlarged upper part for fixing on site by means of rivets.
  • This impact or impulsive force (indicated with the arrow P in figure 1 ) is usually located on the sharp side and subjects the rivets RI inserted in the respective two holes to shear stress (stress indicated with the arrows F).
  • Blades of this type are applied to cutter bars which, as mentioned, are mainly agricultural equipment and can be of various types.
  • a first type of cutter bars are those with alternating motion (called sickle bars). These bars are used for mowing grass or forage or for freeing plots of land from vegetation in general. These bars are generally mechanically driven usually by an internal combustion engine. They can be constrained and actuated by a specific machine called motor mower driven on foot or with a driver on board. Alternatively, they can be coupled with an agricultural tractor that drives them with its own engine.
  • cutter bars of the type in question towed on a frame equipped with wheels. And in this case it is the same wheels that activate the cutting mechanism, during movement, through a special transmission.
  • the above-mentioned blade is composed of an array of thin sharp blades normally fixed with rivets to a steel strip.
  • the second element which has no reciprocating motion, is called a comb, and is normally much more robust and with a mass somewhat higher than the movable blade.
  • both elements blade and comb, move with respect to each other with a reciprocating and opposing motion. These bars are therefore defined as double movement.
  • a further example shows the components of a double-movement cutter bar in document EP31438598B1 by the same Applicant. (The foregoing however also applies to single-movement cutter bars with obvious mechanical simplifications).
  • FIG 2 for example, attached herewith ( figure 11 of EP31438598B1 ), there is a rigid steel structure 11, called crowbar, which supports the bar.
  • the bar is fixed by means of bolts BU to the machine from which it receives the movement.
  • the actuation of the blade (single-movement bars) or blade and comb (double-movement bars) is effected by means of a mechanism called central control unit 16 in figure 3 attached herewith ( figure 2 of EP31438598B1 ).
  • control unit can be situated in a side or central position with respect to the cutter bar.
  • control unit is a side unit, the grass or forage cut can slide over the bar without encountering obstacles.
  • the lower blade or comb 12 is composed of a series of lower blades 13 fixed, for example with screws, to a lower supporting strip 19 or comb strip with the interpositioning of wear-resistant pads. Said comb 12 is set in motion by the control unit 16 through the head 29.
  • the upper blade 14, composed of a series of blades 15 fixed with rivets 21 to an upper supporting steel strip 20, to which said upper blades 15 are constrained, is positioned above the lower comb 12.
  • Said upper blade 14 is set in motion by the control unit 16 by means of the head or blade attachment 30.
  • Special retaining means MR ensure the fixing of the comb 12 and the blade 14 and counteract the horizontal backward thrust on the comb.
  • the blade moves with an alternating rectilinear motion orthogonal to the advancement of the machine.
  • the comb in single-movement bars, has no transverse motion and only moves forwards following the motion from the mowing machine.
  • both the blade and the comb move with an alternating rectilinear motion in an orthogonal direction with respect to the advancement of the machine.
  • the movement phase is opposite: the blade moving to the right corresponds to the comb moving to the left, and vice versa.
  • blade pressers 17 are elastic and generally keep the elements in contact without the need for adjustment. They are hinged in supports screwed to the rear part of the bar, and their front part is fixed to the blade and moves with it. Adopting them can be advantageous, but not essential, as even simpler fixed blade pressers can be used.
  • the upper blade 14 is composed of perforated steel strips 20 (or SR) on which the single cutting blades 15 are riveted.
  • This second element normally called head or attachment 29 and/or 30, creates a conjugate coupling with the crank.
  • the force application line is not aligned with the steel strip of the blade.
  • the steel strip is the only element of the blade capable of offering significant flexural strength.
  • the force exerted must overcome the sliding friction and the resistance opposed to cutting by the plant stems.
  • a frayed cutting would hinder the re-growth of the grass resulting in a drop in productivity and economic damage.
  • the relative speed between the cutting edge of the blade and the edge of the comb must be high.
  • the number of cycles per unit of time consequently ranges in most cases from 600 to 1,500 per minute.
  • the blades are also equipped with a suitable cutting edge which is subject to natural wear during functioning.
  • a sharpening surface must therefore be provided to be effected by hand or by means of abrasive wheels, however actuated.
  • Another important requirement is to prevent the plant stem from escaping from the blade during cutting. This task is currently effected by the cutting edge which is equipped with the above-mentioned peripheral serration SF on the two edges of said cutting edge.
  • the blade In order to be effective, the blade must be thin and its mass restricted.
  • GB 891085A relates to a blade according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US 2664690A relates to a double-cutter bar lawn mower.
  • GB 1249749A relates to a method for manufacturing cutting blades and their conformation.
  • DE 3313132C1 relates to a cutter bar with double blades.
  • US 5054277A relates to a harvest bar with insertable elements.
  • the general objective of the present invention is to provide a blade for a cutter bar and a relative cutter bar which are capable of solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art in an extremely simple, economical and particularly functional way.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide a high-resistance blade for a cutter bar that is capable of withstanding the stress imposed on it during the mowing action.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a blade which withstands bending stress and which does not damage the rivets that constrain it, having an improved and increased duration.
  • an objective of the present invention is to provide a blade and a cutter bar equipped with said blades that withstand alternating bending stress due to the operating motion of the bar.
  • Indications such as “vertical” and “horizontal”, “upper” and “lower” should be read with reference to the assembly (or operating) conditions and referring to the normal terminology used in current language, wherein “vertical” indicates a direction substantially parallel to that of the force of gravity vector “g” and horizontal a direction perpendicular to it. Indications such as “longitudinal” and “transverse” should be read with reference to the dimensions normally larger and smaller of the piece respectively.
  • figures 7, 8 and 8a show how a blade 115 of a first embodiment provides a front portion LA" which provides at least two adjacent triangular conformations AT", to form a monolithic blade.
  • These two triangular conformations AT" extend from a rear portion LPA" having a longitudinal dimension at least equal to a maximum dimension of the two adjacent triangular conformations AT".
  • This rear portion LPA provides at least four holes FO for the passage and fixing on site of four rivets (not shown).
  • these at least two triangular conformations AT" on a surface opposite and below that in which bevelled corners TM" are formed, provide a groove RG that extends inwardly from said peripheral serration SF to form small surface teeth ( figure 8a ).
  • This embodiment illustrates a blade 115 which provides two triangular conformations AT", as can be seen for example in figures 11-15 , however, a blade 115' can provide various triangular conformations, for example three for the central blade in figures 11 to 15 .
  • FIGS 9 to 10a show a second embodiment of blades 115 according to the present invention, somewhat similar to that illustrated above.
  • the rear portion LPA" in its upper free peripheral edge, or the portion having a longitudinal dimension at least equal to a maximum dimension of the two adjacent triangular conformations, has rounded edges BA for further lightening.
  • slots 31 are provided in a central area of the blade for allowing the unloading of cut plant material.
  • the slots 31 are preferably arranged between the positioning holes FO of the rivets (not shown).
  • the bevelled corner TM" which forms the cutting edge, located in the upper part of the blade substantially in the triangular front portion LA" remains.
  • four TM bevelled corners are provided, as in the previous case. It can be noted that the two outer bevelled corners TM" are longer and the two adjacent innermost bevelled corners TM" are shorter resulting in an arrangement of bevelled corners according to a w-shape.
  • the invention provides that the lower underlying part of the blade has, at each bevelled corner TM", a groove RG which, during functioning, is in contact with the lower comb 12 of the cutter bar.
  • This groove RG forms small teeth that hold the stem of grass preventing it from sliding forward and escaping from the cutting area.
  • the impulsive force P is the same for the single blade and for this monolithic blade, for example double or triple, as it is statistically unlikely for it to occur on two adjacent cutting edges that are part of the same blade.
  • a particularly effective and resistant single- or double-movement scissor-cut cutter bar is also produced, capable of cutting plant stems, such as forage.
  • FIGs 11 to 15 show the combination obtained according to the invention by comparison with the figures of the prior patent EP31438598B1 of the same applicant, already discussed above.
  • the same numbers are used for the same elements.
  • the bar comprises a lower blade or comb 12 consisting of a series of lower blades 13 fixed to the lower supporting strip 19 with the interpositioning of wear-resistant pads.
  • the upper blade 14 composed of a series of blades 115 fixed with rivets 21 to an upper supporting steel strip 20, to which said upper blades 115 are constrained, is positioned above the lower comb 12.
  • Blades 115 according to the invention are used in this upper blade 14, as previously described.
  • the upper blade 14 shown enlarged in figures 12 and 14 provides a series of monolithic blades 115 with a front portion LA" which provide two adjacent triangular conformations AT", with the exception of the central blade.
  • the blades 115, 115' with two adjacent triangular conformations AT" forming the front portion LA" provide that the lower underlying part of the blade, in correspondence with each bevelled corner TM", has a groove RG which during functioning is brought into contact with the lower comb 12 of the cutter bar.
  • the presence of monolithic blades 115, 155' of the type described above with at least two triangular conformations AT" reduces the bending of the steel strip increasing its duration.
  • this type of bar provides a clean and precise cut, avoiding a frayed cutting that would hinder the regrowth of the grass, also allowing a high relative speed between the cutting edge of the blade and the edge of the comb.
  • central blade 115' provides even greater resistance than the other blades 115 as its fixing is even obtained through six rivets.
  • Said blade 115' is used only in the area where the driving load is applied, for example in our case the central area.
  • the upper blade 14 is consequently composed of monolithic blades with two adjacent triangular conformations AT" in addition to the above-mentioned blade with three adjacent triangular conformations AT" in a central position where the greatest flexion takes place, increasing its resistance.
  • a cutter bar according to the invention however also has a further new and original feature.
  • the present invention has contemplated intervening only in the area of application of the force for a width sufficient for reducing the stress.
  • FIGS 12, 13 and 15 show the inventive intervention applied to the cutter bar.
  • a head or blade attachment 30 which transmits the force to the upper blade 14 is not constrained directly to the steel strip 20.
  • a high-resistance steel component ZO called base
  • the base ZO also has pass-through holes for the positioning of rivets.
  • the strip 20 is therefore provided, superimposed by the component ZO, joined together by a series of rivets or nails RI, in the example nine ( figure 15 ).
  • the rivets RI in this area are longer as they must block the strip, the high-resistance component ZO and monolithic blades 115, 115' together in their two or three triangular conformations AT" .
  • the strip is the supporting element that transmits the driving forces and the inertia forces and which in the known art is the component subject to breakage during functioning.
  • the strip is closed and blocked between two extremely resistant "layers" of steel: the monolithic blade with three central triangular conformations 115' in the lower part and the base in the upper part.
  • the monolithic blade with three triangular conformations and the base are large enough to strengthen the entire central area subject to loads.
  • a first advantage is provided, as already indicated, by the particular conformation of the blades which has been seen to include in the front portion at least two triangular conformations which extend from an enlarged rear portion.
  • a second advantage lies in the increased number of constraint rivets of the monolithic blade.
  • the increased number of rivets, their greater distance and the favourable leverage effect in fact, increase the overall strength, especially of the nailing.
  • a third advantage is provided by the presence of the grooves beneath the bevelled corners.
  • the bar carrying these blades effects a clean and precise cut, avoiding a frayed cut which would hinder the regrowth of the grass, furthermore allowing a high relative speed between the cutting edge of the blade and the edge of the comb.
  • blades 115, 115' can be particularly lightened thanks to their rear portion LPA", i.e. the portion having a longitudinal dimension at least equal to a maximum dimension of the two adjacent triangular conformations, which has rounded edges BA for further lightening.
  • the slots 31 are in any case provided for allowing the unloading of cut plant material, a reduction in wear and in any case for causing a lightening of the blades.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
EP21183536.8A 2020-07-29 2021-07-02 Schneidleistenmesser mit hoher festigkeit und entsprechende schneidleiste Pending EP3944749A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202000018457 2020-07-29

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EP3944749A1 true EP3944749A1 (de) 2022-02-02

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EP21183536.8A Pending EP3944749A1 (de) 2020-07-29 2021-07-02 Schneidleistenmesser mit hoher festigkeit und entsprechende schneidleiste

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664690A (en) 1951-12-07 1954-01-05 Int Harvester Co Double sickle type mower
GB891085A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-03-07 Fahr Ag Maschf Mower knife blade
GB1249749A (en) 1969-09-11 1971-10-13 Milspe Eisenwerk A method of manufacturing a knife blade for the cutting mechanism of mowers
DE3313132C1 (de) 1983-04-12 1988-03-03 ESM Ennepetaler Schneid- u. Mähtechnik GmbH & Co KG, 5828 Ennepetal Maehbalken
EP0346787A1 (de) * 1988-06-17 1989-12-20 BCS S.p.A. Mähvorrichtung
US4901512A (en) 1987-06-12 1990-02-20 Bcs S.P.A. Dynamically compensated anti-clog mowing device
US5054277A (en) 1988-03-10 1991-10-08 Schumacher Gustav Cutter blade for reaping cutters of harvesting machines
ITMI20020911A1 (it) 2002-04-29 2003-10-29 Bcs Spa Dispositivo falciante a ridotta manutenzione e migliore efficienza ditaglio
EP3143859B1 (de) 2015-09-21 2018-06-27 BCS S.p.A. Schneidleiste mit einer schere mit dualer hin- und herbewegung

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664690A (en) 1951-12-07 1954-01-05 Int Harvester Co Double sickle type mower
GB891085A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-03-07 Fahr Ag Maschf Mower knife blade
GB1249749A (en) 1969-09-11 1971-10-13 Milspe Eisenwerk A method of manufacturing a knife blade for the cutting mechanism of mowers
DE3313132C1 (de) 1983-04-12 1988-03-03 ESM Ennepetaler Schneid- u. Mähtechnik GmbH & Co KG, 5828 Ennepetal Maehbalken
US4901512A (en) 1987-06-12 1990-02-20 Bcs S.P.A. Dynamically compensated anti-clog mowing device
US5054277A (en) 1988-03-10 1991-10-08 Schumacher Gustav Cutter blade for reaping cutters of harvesting machines
EP0346787A1 (de) * 1988-06-17 1989-12-20 BCS S.p.A. Mähvorrichtung
ITMI20020911A1 (it) 2002-04-29 2003-10-29 Bcs Spa Dispositivo falciante a ridotta manutenzione e migliore efficienza ditaglio
EP3143859B1 (de) 2015-09-21 2018-06-27 BCS S.p.A. Schneidleiste mit einer schere mit dualer hin- und herbewegung

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