EP3904648A1

EP3904648A1 - Exhaust gas treatment apparatus, and ship comprising same

Info

Publication number: EP3904648A1
Application number: EP19907764.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Do-Yun Kim; Da-na YU
Original assignee: Korea Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: HD Korea Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-02
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2021-11-03
Also published as: JP2022516630A; EP3904648A4; WO2020141867A1; JP7394859B2

Abstract

Disclosed is an exhaust gas treatment apparatus, and a ship comprising same. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and a treatment unit which is provided inside the reactor and sprays the exhaust gas with a treatment liquid or with a cooling liquid and a treatment liquid to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, wherein the treatment liquid is an alkaline aqueous solution which chemically adsorbs the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas, thereby removing the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, and waste water, which is the cooling liquid or treatment liquid sprayed onto the exhaust gas and used to remove the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, can be drained or recovered such that the treatment liquid can be separated from the waste water.

Description

[Technical Field]

The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for treating exhaust gas emitted from an exhaust gas emission device such as an engine, and a ship including the same.

[Background Art]

Ships include exhaust gas emission devices from which exhaust gas, such as an engine or a boiler, is discharged.
Among the exhaust gas emission devices is an exhaust gas emission device in which a gas such as low sulfur oil or LNG, as fuel, is burned to emit exhaust gas in which sulfur oxide are less than a predetermined treatment standard amount. In this case, the exhaust gas may be discharged to the outside without treating the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas through an exhaust gas treatment apparatus such as a scrubber or the like provided in a ship and connected to an exhaust gas emission device.
Meanwhile, carbon dioxide is designated as a greenhouse gas (GHG) causing global warming, and because it accounts for 80% of the total greenhouse gas emissions, IMO (International Maritime Organization) under the UN has policies toward regulating the emission of carbon dioxide. Due to this, IMO finally decided to introduce an Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships to be built in the future, and accordingly, GHG such as carbon dioxide is to be reduced by 30% compared to the existing amount, by 2025.
Therefore, there is a need to remove carbon dioxide even when exhaust gas in which sulfur oxide are less than the predetermined treatment standard amount is discharged from the exhaust gas emission device as described above.
In addition, in the case of an exhaust gas emission device using high sulfur oil as a fuel, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus such as a scrubber or the like should remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas after removing sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas.
For example, a very large crude oil carrier (VLCC) using heavy fuel oil (HFO) as fuel produces about 70,000 tons of carbon dioxide per year, and in order to meet the EEDI phase 2 (20% reduction), various additional facilities such as a waste heat recovery system (WHRS) or an energy storage system (ESS) are required.
Meanwhile, it is possible to recover heat from exhaust gas by a heat recovery unit such as an economizer. Heat recovered by the heat recovery unit is used for heating room or heating fuel by producing steam. In the related art, a temperature difference between the exhaust gases before and after heat is recovered by the heat recovery unit is not so large, so that heat of the exhaust gas recovered by the heat recovery unit is not much large.

[Disclosure]

[Technical Problem]

The present disclosure has been made upon recognition of at least one of demands or problems arising in the related art as described above.
An aspect of the present disclosure is to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is to drain wastewater, which is a cooling liquid or treatment liquid used to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas or to recover wastewater and separate the treatment liquid from the wastewater.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is to increase heat of exhaust gas recovered by a heat recovery unit.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is to make a treatment liquid to be sprayed into exhaust gas by mixing seawater and an alkaline agent in order to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas.

[Technical Solution]

An exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship including the same related to an embodiment for realizing at least one of the above problems may include the following features.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a cooling liquid and a treatment liquid, or a treatment liquid, to exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, wherein the treatment liquid is an aqueous alkaline solution which chemically adsorbs carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, and waste water, which is the cooling liquid or the treatment liquid sprayed to the exhaust gas and used to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, is drained or recovered so that the treatment liquid is separated from the waste water.
In this case, the exhaust gas may be cooled to 100°C or lower before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor or before the treatment liquid is sprayed inside the reactor.
In addition, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus may further include: a heat recovery unit recovering heat from the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor, to cool the exhaust gas.
In addition, the treatment unit may include: a first spraying unit spraying the cooling liquid or the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas; a second spraying unit spraying the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas; and a treatment liquid tank storing the treatment liquid and connected to the first spraying unit and the second spraying unit to supply the treatment liquid thereto.
In addition, the cooling liquid may be seawater.
In addition, the reactor may include an exhaust gas inlet through which the exhaust gas is introduced, and at least a portion of the first spraying unit may be provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the exhaust gas inlet in a flow direction of the exhaust gas, and at least a portion of the second spraying unit may be provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the first spraying unit in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
In addition, the reactor may include a wastewater drain port through which wastewater is drained, and a wastewater drainage line and a wastewater recovery line connected to the treatment liquid tank may be connected to the wastewater drain port.
In addition, the wastewater drainage line may include a wastewater drainage valve, and the wastewater recovery line may include a wastewater recovery valve and a wastewater recovery pump.
In addition, the treatment unit may further include a third spraying unit spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas, at least a portion thereof being provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the second spraying unit in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
The first, second, and third spraying units may include first, second, and third supply pipes in which at least portions of one sides are provided inside the reactor and the other sides are connected to the treatment liquid tank, respectively, and a seawater spray supply line connected to a seawater source may be connected to the first supply pipe.
In addition, the seawater spray supply line may include a seawater spray supply valve and a seawater spray supply pump, the first, second, and third supply pipes may include first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves, respectively, a treatment liquid supply line including a treatment liquid supply pump may be connected to the treatment liquid tank, and the other sides of the first, second, and third supply pipes may be connected to the treatment liquid supply line.
In addition, the first, second, and third spraying units may further include first, second, and third spray nozzles respectively provided in portions of the first, second, and third supply pipes provided inside the reactor.
In addition, the wastewater recovery valve may be closed and the wastewater drainage valve may be opened to enter an open loop state, or the wastewater drainage valve may be closed and the wastewater recovery valve may be opened to enter a closed loop state.
In addition, in the open loop state, the first treatment liquid supply valve may be closed, the seawater spray supply valve and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves may be opened, the seawater spray supply pump and the treatment liquid supply pump may be operated so that seawater is sprayed from the first spray nozzle, the treatment liquid may be sprayed from the second and third spray nozzles, and wastewater may be discharged through the wastewater drainage line.
In addition, in the closed loop state, the seawater spray supply valve may be closed, at least one of the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves may be opened, and the treatment liquid supply pump and the wastewater recovery pump may be operated, so that the treatment liquid may be sprayed from at least one of the first, second, and third spray nozzles, and wastewater may be recovered through the wastewater recovery line.
In addition, the first treatment liquid supply valve may be closed, the seawater spray supply valve may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump may be operated, as necessary, so that seawater may be sprayed through the first spray nozzle.
In addition, the treatment unit may further include a treatment liquid preparing unit connected to the treatment liquid tank, preparing a treatment liquid, and supplying the treatment liquid to the treatment liquid tank.
In addition, the treatment liquid preparing unit may prepare an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid by mixing at least one of seawater and fresh water with an alkaline agent.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and a heat recovery unit recovering heat from the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor, wherein the exhaust gas may be cooled to 100°C or lower by the heat recovery unit.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, wherein the treatment unit includes a treatment liquid preparing unit preparing and supplying the treatment liquid, and the treatment liquid preparing unit may prepare a treatment liquid by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, wherein the treatment unit includes a treatment liquid preparing unit preparing and supplying the treatment liquid, the treatment liquid preparing unit prepares the treatment liquid by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent, the treatment liquid preparing unit includes a seawater tank in which seawater is stored, and the seawater tank may receive seawater from a seawater source and store the seawater.
A ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a hull; and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus described above provided in the hull.

[Advantageous Effects]

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure as described above, it is possible to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wastewater, which is a cooling liquid or a treatment liquid, used to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas, may be drained, or wastewater may be recovered and a treatment liquid may be separated from wastewater.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, heat of exhaust gas recovered by the heat recovery unit may increase.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas, a treatment liquid to be sprayed to the exhaust gas may be produced by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent.

[Description of Drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a first embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a treatment liquid preparing unit and related components of the first embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a first embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the first embodiment of the ship according to the present disclosure provided with the first embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a rate of removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by a treatment liquid prepared by mixing fresh water with an alkaline agent and a rate of removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by a treatment liquid prepared by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent.
FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a second embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a second embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a third embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a third embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 10 is a view illustrating a fourth embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a fourth embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.

[Mode for Invention]

Hereinafter, in order to help understand the features of the present disclosure as described above, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship including the same according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
Hereinafter, embodiments most appropriate to help in understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure will be described, and the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited by the described embodiments but merely illustrate implementation of the present disclosure through the embodiments described hereinafter. Therefore, the present disclosure may be variably modified within the scope of the present disclosure through the embodiments described below, and such modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. In order to help understand the embodiments described hereinafter, the like or similar reference numerals are used for relevant components among the components having the same function in the respective embodiments in the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment of exhaust gas treatment apparatus and ship

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a first embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a treatment liquid preparing unit and related components of the first embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a first embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the first embodiment of the ship according to the present disclosure provided with the first embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, and FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a rate of removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by a treatment liquid prepared by mixing fresh water with an alkaline agent and a rate of removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by a treatment liquid prepared by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent.

[Exhaust gas treatment apparatus]

The first embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 according to the present disclosure may include a reactor 200 and a treatment unit 300.
The reactor 200 may be connected to an exhaust gas emission device 30 such as an engine 31 such as a main engine 31a or an engine 31b for power generation or a boiler 32 as shown in FIG. 4. Accordingly, exhaust gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission device 30 may be introduced into the reactor 200.
As shown in FIG. 1, the reactor 200 may include an exhaust gas inlet 210. In addition, the exhaust gas inlet 210 may be connected to an exhaust pipe PG connected to the exhaust gas emission device 30. As illustrated in FIG. 4, a flow path switching valve VR may be provided in a portion in which the exhaust gas inlet 210 is connected to the exhaust pipe PG. When the flow path switching valve VR is switched to the exhaust gas inlet 210 side, the exhaust gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission device 30 may flow through the exhaust pipe PG, etc., and may be introduced into the reactor 200 through the exhaust gas inlet 210.
The exhaust gas inlet 210 may be provided in a lower portion of the reactor 200 as shown in FIG. 1. However, a portion of the reactor 200 in which the exhaust gas inlet 210 is provided is not particularly limited, and the exhaust gas inlet 210 may be provided in any portion of the reactor 200 in which the exhaust gas inlet 210 is connected to the exhaust gas emission device 30 and through which the exhaust gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission device 30 is introduced into the reactor 200.
Meanwhile, a heat recovery unit 400 may be provided between the exhaust gas emission device 30 and the reactor 200. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat recovery unit 400 may be provided in the exhaust pipe PG to which the exhaust gas inlet 210 is connected.
Heat of the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas emission device 30 to the reactor 200 may be recovered by the heat recovery unit 400. Accordingly, the exhaust gas flowing into the reactor 200 may be cooled to have a predetermined desired temperature or lower. In addition, heat recovered by the heat recovery unit 400 may produce steam so as to be used for heating room or the like or heating fuel. Accordingly, thermal efficiency may be improved.
The heat recovery unit 400 may be, for example, a heat exchanger, an economizer, or a thermoelectric module. However, the heat recovery unit 400 is not particularly limited, and any known heat recovery unit may be used as long as it is provided between the exhaust gas emission device 30 and the reactor 200 to recover heat from the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas may be cooled to, for example, 100°C or lower by the heat recovery unit 400. In the case of an economizer, which is a conventional heat recovery unit, a temperature of the exhaust gas after cooling is 160°C to 180°C due to formation of sulfuric acid and plugging of ash and heavy metals, but the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 according to the present disclosure does not cause the aforementioned problem, and thus, a temperature of the exhaust gas after cooling may be made to be 100°C or lower. For example, in order to cool the exhaust gas by receiving heat from the exhaust gas, a flow rate of water flowing through the heat recovery unit 400 may be increased to cool the exhaust gas to have a temperature of 100°C or lower.
As described above, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is cooled to 100°C or lower by the heat recovery unit 400, a difference between temperature of the exhaust gas before being cooled by the heat recovery unit 400 and a temperature of the exhaust gas after being cooled by the heat recovery unit 400 may be relatively significant. The difference from the temperature of the exhaust gas may be relatively large. Accordingly, heat recovered by the heat recovery unit 400 may be relatively large. In addition, a temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the reactor 200 through the exhaust gas inlet 210 may be an optimal condition in which carbon dioxide is removed by a treatment liquid to be described later.
The reactor 200 may include an exhaust gas outlet 220. An exhaust gas treated by the treatment unit 300, while flowing inside the reactor 200, for example, from which carbon dioxide is removed, may be discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 220. The exhaust gas outlet 220 may be provided above the reactor 200. However, a portion of the reactor 200 in which the exhaust gas outlet 220 is provided is not particularly limited, and the exhaust gas outlet 220 may be provided in any portion of the reactor 200 as long as the exhaust gas treated by the treatment unit 300 can be discharged therethrough.
The reactor 200 may include a wastewater drain port 230. Wastewater, which is a cooling liquid which has been sprayed into the reactor 200 by the treatment unit 300 to cool the exhaust or a treatment liquid which has treated the exhaust gas, for example, which has removed carbon dioxide or the like from the exhaust gas, may be drained through the wastewater drain port 230.
As shown in FIG. 1, a wastewater drainage line LD may be connected to the wastewater drain port 230, and the wastewater drainage line LD may be connected to a wastewater purification unit (not shown). In addition, the wastewater drained from the wastewater drain port 230 is supplied to the wastewater purification unit through the wastewater drainage line LD, purified in the wastewater purification unit, and then drained to the outside, for example, to the outside of the ship 10. The wastewater drain port 230 may be provided in a lower portion of the reactor 200. However, the portion of the reactor 200 in which the wastewater drain port 230 is provided is not particularly limited, and wastewater drain port 230 may be provided in any portion of the reactor 200 as long as wastewater may be drained therefrom.
As shown in FIG. 1, a porous plate PH may be provided in a portion next to the exhaust gas inlet 210 in the exhaust gas flow direction inside the reactor 200. Accordingly, the exhaust gas introduced into the reactor 200 through the exhaust gas inlet 210 may pass through the porous plate PH. A distribution of a flow rate of the exhaust gas in the reactor 200 may be relatively uniform due to the porous plate PH. Accordingly, the exhaust gas may be smoothly treated by the treatment unit 300.
A first spraying unit 310 and a second spraying unit 320, which will be described later, included in the treatment unit 300, may be provided in a portion next to the porous plate PH in the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the reactor 200. A packing PC may be provided in a portion of the reactor 200 between the first spraying unit 310 and the second spraying unit 320. Due to the packing PC, a contact region and a contact time of the treatment liquid sprayed from the second spraying unit 320 and the exhaust gas may be increased to improve a rate of removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas based on the treatment liquid.
The treatment unit 300 may be provided inside the reactor 200 to remove carbon dioxide and the like from the exhaust gas flowing inside the reactor 200. For example, the treatment unit 300 may remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas by spraying a treatment liquid capable of chemically adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas into the reactor 200. The treatment liquid may be, for example, an aqueous alkaline solution. For example, fresh water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as an alkaline agent may be mixed to prepare an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as an aqueous alkaline solution. When the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used as a treatment liquid for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, a chemical reaction formula in which carbon dioxide is chemically adsorbed to the treatment liquid and removed from the exhaust gas is as follows.

[Chemical Reaction Formula] CO₂ + H₂O ↔ CO₃ ^2- + 2H⁺NaOH ↔ Na⁺ + OH^-CO₃ ^2- + 2Na⁺ ↔ Na₂CO₃2CO₃ ^2- + 2Na⁺ + 2H⁺ ↔ 2NaHCO₃
However, the aqueous alkaline solution serving as a treatment liquid is not limited to the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and any aqueous alkaline solution may be used. In addition, the treatment liquid is not limited to the aqueous alkaline solution, and any known solution may be used as long as it is sprayed to exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas.
The treatment unit 300 may include a first spraying unit 310, a second spraying unit 320, and a treatment liquid tank 340, as shown in FIG. 1.
At least a portion of the first spraying unit 310 may be provided in a portion next to the exhaust gas inlet 210 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas inside the reactor 200. For example, the first spraying unit 310 may be provided in a portion between the porous plate PH and the packing PC inside the reactor 200.
The first spraying unit 310 may spray a cooling liquid into the exhaust gas. Accordingly, a temperature of the exhaust gas introduced into and flowing in the reactor 200 may be cooled to a temperature below a temperature at which carbon dioxide is chemically adsorbed to the treatment liquid and removed from the exhaust gas. For example, a temperature of the exhaust gas introduced into the reactor 200 through the exhaust gas inlet 210 and flowing therein may be cooled to 100°C or lower by the cooling liquid sprayed from the first spraying unit 310. Meanwhile, as described above, when the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat recovery unit 400 and a temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered to, for example, 100°C or lower before flowing into the reactor 200, the first spraying unit 310 may not spray the cooling liquid.
The cooling liquid sprayed from the first spraying unit 310 may be seawater, for example. However, the cooling liquid sprayed from the first spraying unit 310 is not particularly limited, and any known cooling liquid may be used as long as it can be sprayed to the exhaust gas so that a temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered to a temperature at which carbon dioxide is chemically adsorbed to the treatment liquid so as to be removed from the exhaust gas.
The first spraying unit 310 may include a first supply pipe 311 and a first spray nozzle 312.
At least a portion of one side of the first supply pipe 311 may be provided inside the reactor 200. In addition, the other side of the first supply pipe 311 may be connected to a cooling liquid source (not shown). In addition, a pump P and a valve V may be provided in the first supply pipe 311 as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, when the valve V is opened and the pump P is driven, the cooling liquid of the cooling liquid source, for example, seawater, may flow through the first supply pipe 311.
The first spray nozzle 312 may be provided in a portion of the first supply pipe 311 provided inside the reactor 200. Accordingly, the cooling liquid flowing through the first supply pipe 311, for example, seawater, may be sprayed into the reactor 200 through the first spray nozzle 312. The cooling liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the exhaust gas through the first spray nozzle 312. However, the cooling liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in the exhaust gas flow direction through the first spray nozzle 312 or may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction to prevent channeling. That is, the cooling liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in any direction.
At least a portion of the second spraying unit 320 may be provided in a portion next to the first spraying unit 310 inside the reactor 200. For example, the second spraying unit 320 may be provided in a portion next to the packing PC inside the reactor 200 as shown in FIG. 1. The second spraying unit 320 may include a second supply pipe 321 and a second spray nozzle 322.
At least a portion of one side of the second supply pipe 321 may be provided inside the reactor 200. In addition, the other side of the second supply pipe 321 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 (to be described later) in which the treatment liquid is stored. In addition, the second supply pipe 321 may include a pump P and a valve V. Accordingly, when the valve V is opened and the pump P is driven, the treatment liquid stored in the treatment liquid tank 340 may flow through the second supply pipe 321.
The second spray nozzle 322 may be provided in a portion of the second supply pipe 321 provided in the reactor 200. Accordingly, the treatment liquid flowing through the second supply pipe 321 may be sprayed into the reactor 200 through the second spray nozzle 322. The treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the exhaust gas through the second spray nozzle 322. However, the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in the exhaust gas flow direction through the second spray nozzle 322 or may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction to prevent channeling. That is, the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in any direction.
The treatment liquid tank 340 may store a treatment liquid. In addition, the other side of the second supply pipe 321 of the second spraying unit 320 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340. The treatment liquid tank 340 may include a treatment liquid component detection sensor 341 capable of detecting a component of the treatment liquid. When a component of the treatment liquid detected by the treatment liquid component detection sensor 341 does not satisfy a predetermined desired component, at least a portion of the treatment liquid in the treatment liquid tank 340 may be sent to a treatment liquid preparing unit 350 to be described later or a treatment liquid prepared by the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be supplied to the treatment liquid tank 340.
The treatment unit 300 may further include the treatment liquid preparing unit 350. The treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 and may produce a treatment liquid and supply the treatment liquid to the treatment liquid tank 340. To this end, the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 by a treatment liquid supply line LP as shown in FIG. 1. A valve V and a pump P may be provided in the treatment liquid supply line LP. Accordingly, when the valve V is opened and the pump P is driven, the treatment liquid prepared by the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be supplied to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the treatment liquid supply line LP.
The treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may recover at least a portion of the treatment liquid from the treatment liquid tank 340. For example, as described above, when the component of the treatment liquid of the treatment liquid tank 340 detected by the treatment liquid component detection sensor 341 does not satisfy a predetermined desired component, at least a portion of the treatment liquid of the treatment liquid tank 340 may be recovered to the treatment liquid preparing unit 350.
To this end, the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 by a treatment liquid recovery line LR. In addition, a valve V and a pump P may be provided in the treatment liquid recovery line LR. Accordingly, when the valve V is opened and the pump P is driven, at least a portion of the treatment liquid in the treatment liquid tank 340 may be recovered to the treatment liquid preparing unit 350.
In the treatment liquid preparing unit 350, at least one of seawater and fresh water may be mixed with an alkaline agent to prepare an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid.
As can be seen from the graph shown in FIG. 5, an aqueous alkaline solution, which is a treatment liquid made by mixing fresh water with an alkaline agent, has a higher rate of removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas than an aqueous alkaline solution, which is a treatment liquid made by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent. However, in the case of mixing fresh water with an alkaline agent to prepare an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid, more cost and equipment are required than the case of making an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent. Therefore, the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may prepare an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid in consideration of this relationship.
The treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may include a seawater tank 351, a fresh water tank 352, an alkaline agent tank 353, and a mixing tank 355, as shown in FIG. 2.
The mixing tank 355 may be connected to the seawater tank 351, the fresh water tank 352, and the alkaline agent tank 353, by connection lines LC. In addition, the mixing tank 355 receives seawater from the seawater tank 351, fresh water from the fresh water tank 352, and an alkaline agent such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) from the alkaline agent tank 353. Accordingly, in the mixing tank 355, at least one of seawater and fresh water may be mixed with an alkaline agent to prepare an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid.
In this case, the seawater tank 351 may be connected to a seawater supply line LS connected to a seawater source (not shown) such as the ocean, for example, as shown in FIG. 2. A pump P may be provided in the seawater supply line LS, and seawater may be supplied to the seawater tank 351 through the seawater supply line LS from the seawater source by driving the pump P of the seawater supply line LS.
A heater HE may be provided in the seawater supply line LS. By the heater HE, a temperature of seawater supplied to the seawater tank 351 through the seawater supply line LS may be equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. For example, seawater supplied to the seawater tank 351 through the seawater supply line LS may be heated to 20°C or higher by the heater HE. As a result, it is possible to more easily prepare the treatment liquid in the mixing tank 355. If the temperature of the seawater supplied to the seawater tank 351 is lower than 20°C, even if seawater and the alkaline agent are mixed, the alkaline agent is difficult to dissolve in the seawater, and thus an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid is difficult to be produced. Therefore, when the seawater supplied to the seawater tank 351 is heated to 20°C or higher by the heater HE, the alkaline agent may be easily dissolved in the seawater, and thus, an aqueous alkaline, which is a treatment liquid, may be easily prepared by mixing seawater with the alkaline
The heater HE provided in the seawater supply line LS is not particularly limited, and any known heater HE may be used as long as it is provided in the seawater supply line LS to heat seawater supplied to the seawater tank 351 through the seawater supply line LS to a predetermined temperature or higher.
The treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may further include an auxiliary agent tank 354. The auxiliary agent tank 354 may also be connected to the mixing tank 355 by a connection line LC.
In the auxiliary agent tank 354, a treatment liquid creation auxiliary agent that helps seawater and an alkaline agent to be mixed to become a treatment liquid may be stored. The auxiliary agent tank 354 may supply the treatment liquid creation auxiliary agent to the mixing tank 355. Accordingly, in a case in which the treatment liquid is prepared in the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 using seawater, when seawater and the alkaline agent are mixed, by-products, etc., formed by reaction of a component contained in the seawater and the alkaline agent with each other, may be removed. Accordingly, a carbon dioxide removal rate of the treatment liquid made of seawater containing more impurities than fresh water, to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas, may be prevented from lowering, compared with a treatment liquid made of fresh water. The treatment liquid creation auxiliary agent stored in the auxiliary agent tank 354 is not particularly limited, and any known treatment liquid creation auxiliary agent may be used as long as it may help to seawater and an alkaline agent to be mixed to become a treatment liquid.
In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 of this configuration, since the flow of the cooling liquid or the treatment liquid is in one direction and wastewater is not recovered and recycled, a component therefore is not required, and thus the configuration may be relatively simple.
Meanwhile, the treatment unit 300 may further include a treatment liquid separation unit 360 as shown in FIG. 2.
The treatment liquid separation unit 360 may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 by a treatment liquid separation line LV. Also, as in the second to fourth embodiments of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure to be described later, the treatment liquid tank 340 may be connected to the wastewater drain port 230 of the reactor 200 by a wastewater recovery line LW. In addition, waste water, which is seawater or a treatment liquid sprayed into the reactor 200 and has treated exhaust gas, may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW. Accordingly, the wastewater may be mixed with the treatment liquid in the treatment liquid tank 340. In this manner, the wastewater recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 may be supplied to the treatment liquid separation unit 360 through the treatment liquid separation line LV. For example, a valve V and a pump P may be provided in the treatment liquid separation line LV. In addition, as described above, when a component of the treatment liquid detected by the treatment liquid component detection sensor 341 provided in the treatment liquid tank 340 does not satisfy a predetermined desired component by the recovery of wastewater to the treatment liquid tank 340, the valve V of the treatment liquid separation line LV may be opened and the pump P may be operated so that wastewater, together with a portion of the treatment liquid, may be supplied to the treatment liquid separation unit 360 through the treatment liquid separation line LV.
The treatment liquid separation unit 360 may separate the treatment liquid from wastewater. For example, in the treatment liquid separation unit 360, the treatment liquid may be separated from the wastewater by filtering foreign substances other than the treatment liquid from the wastewater using a filter (not shown). However, the configuration for separating the treatment liquid from the wastewater in the treatment liquid separation unit 360 is not particularly limited, and any known configuration may be used as long as it is capable of separating the treatment liquid from the wastewater.
The treatment liquid separation unit 360 and the mixing tank 355 of the treatment liquid preparing unit 350 may be connected by a separated treatment liquid supply line LF. Accordingly, the treatment liquid separated by the treatment liquid separation unit 360 may be supplied to the mixing tank 355 through the separated treatment liquid supply line LF. Accordingly, the treatment liquid, and fresh water or seawater or an alkaline agent or treatment liquid creation auxiliary agent used for preparing the treatment liquid may be saved.
A separated wastewater drainage line LDD may be connected to the treatment liquid separation unit 360. In addition, wastewater from which the treatment liquid is separated in the treatment liquid separation unit 360 may be drained through the separated wastewater drainage line LDD. The separated wastewater drainage line LDD may be connected to the wastewater purification unit. The wastewater from which the treatment liquid is separated and drained through the separated wastewater drainage line LDD may be purified in the wastewater purification unit and then drained to the outside, for example, to the outside of the ship.

[Ship]

A first embodiment of the ship 10 according to the present disclosure may include a hull 20 and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 described above.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the hull 20 includes an exhaust gas emission device 30 including an engine 31 such as a main engine 31a or an engine for power generation 31b or a boiler 32. In addition, the hull 20 may include a chimney 21 and a residential structure (or deck house) 22.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 may be provided in the hull 20. For example, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 may be provided on the chimney 21 of the hull 20. Further, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 may be connected to the exhaust gas emission device 30 to treat the exhaust gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission device 30. A portion of the hull 20 in which the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 is provided is not particularly limited, and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 may be provided in any portion of the hull 20 in which the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 is connected to the exhaust gas emission device 30 and treats exhaust gas emitted from the exhaust gas emission device 30.

Second embodiment of exhaust gas treatment apparatus and ship

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a second embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a second embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
Here, a second embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure is different from the first embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus and the ship according to the present disclosure described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, in that wastewater, which is a cooling liquid or a treatment liquid sprayed to exhaust gas so as to be used for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, is drained, or wastewater is recovered and the treatment liquid is separated from wastewater.
Accordingly, a wastewater drainage valve VD is provided in the wastewater drainage line LD connected to the wastewater drain port 230 of the reactor 200, a wastewater recovery line LW connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 and including a wastewater recovery valve VW and a wastewater recovery pump PW are further connected to the wastewater drain port 230, the treatment unit 300 further includes a third spraying unit 330, first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331 of the first, second, third spraying units 310, 320, and 330 are all connected to the treatment liquid tank 340, and a seawater spray supply line LE is connected to the first supply pipe 311, to name differences.
Therefore, hereinafter, the different components will be mainly described, and the remaining components may be referred to as those described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
In the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6, the wastewater drainage line LD connected to the wastewater drain port 230 of the reactor 200 includes the wastewater drainage valve VD, and the wastewater recovery line LW connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 and including a wastewater recovery valve VW and a wastewater recovery pump PW may be further connected to the wastewater drain port 230.
Accordingly, when the wastewater recovery valve VW is closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD is opened, wastewater discharged from the wastewater drain port 230 may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD. That is, an open loop state is formed in which wastewater, which is a cooling liquid or a treatment liquid sprayed into the reactor 200 is drained through the wastewater drain line LD.
Also, when the wastewater drainage valve VD is closed, the wastewater recovery valve VW is opened, and the wastewater recovery pump PW is driven, then the wastewater discharged from the wastewater drain port 230 may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW. That is, a closed loop state may be formed in which wastewater, which is a cooling liquid or a treatment liquid sprayed into the reactor 200, is recovered. In this manner, the wastewater recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 flows to the treatment liquid separation unit 360 through the treatment liquid separation line LV and the treatment liquid may be separated in the treatment liquid separation unit 360 as described above.
In the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6, the treatment unit 300 may further include the third spraying unit 330. At least a portion of the third spraying unit 330 may be provided in a portion next to the second spraying unit 320 in the exhaust gas flow direction inside the reactor 200.
The third spraying unit 330 may include a third supply pipe 331 and a third spray nozzle 332.
At least a portion of one side of the third supply pipe 331 may be provided inside the reactor 200. The third spray nozzle 332 may be provided in a portion of the third supply pipe 331 provided in the reactor 200. Accordingly, the treatment liquid flowing through the third supply pipe 331 may be sprayed into the reactor 200 through the third spray nozzle 332. The treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the exhaust gas through the third spray nozzle 332. However, the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in the exhaust gas flow direction through the third spray nozzle 332 and may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in a direction perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction to prevent channeling. That is, the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the reactor 200 in any direction.
In the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, the first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330 may all be connected to the liquid tank 340. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a treatment liquid supply line LT including a treatment liquid supply pump PT may be connected to the treatment liquid tank 340, and the first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330 may all be connected to the treatment liquid supply line LT. In addition, first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may be provided in the first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331, respectively.
In addition, in the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6, the seawater spray supply line LE connected to a seawater source such as the sea or the like may be connected to the first supply pipe 311 of the first spraying unit 310. In this case, the seawater source may be a cooling liquid source. In addition, the seawater spray supply line LE may include a seawater spray supply valve VE and a seawater spray supply pump PE.
As described above, in an open loop state in which the wastewater recovery valve VW is closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD is opened, the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed and the seawater spray supply valve VE and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened. Also, the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated.
Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed as a cooling liquid into the exhaust gas through the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310 and the treatment liquid of the treatment liquid tank 340 may be sprayed to the exhaust gas through the second and third spray nozzles 322 and 332 of the second and third spraying units 320 and 330 to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. In this case, both or either of the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened depending on the amount of the treatment liquid to be sprayed.
In addition, in the closed loop state in which the wastewater drainage valve VD is closed and the wastewater recovery valve VW is opened, the seawater spray supply valve VE may be closed and the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may all be opened. Also, the treatment liquid supply pump PT and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated.
Accordingly, the treatment liquid of the treatment liquid tank 340 may be sprayed into the exhaust gas through the first, second, and third spray nozzles 312, 322, and 332 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330 to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. In this case, all, two, or only one of the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may be opened depending on the amount of the treatment liquid to be sprayed. In addition, the wastewater may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW. Also, in this case, if necessary, the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed, the seawater spray supply valve VE may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE may be operated, so that seawater may be sprayed through the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310.
In the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure having such a configuration, it is possible to switch to the closed loop state in which wastewater is recovered and recycled, so that the amount of use of chemicals such as an alkaline agent may be minimized, the open loop state and the closed loop state may be selectively used depending on the situation, and the amount of wastewater may be reduced as the wastewater is recycled, thereby reducing wastewater treatment costs.

Third embodiment of exhaust gas treatment apparatus and ship

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a third embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a third embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
Here, the third embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure is different from the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus and the ship according to the present disclosure described above with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 above, in that at least one of sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide is removed from the exhaust gas in the treatment unit 300.
Accordingly, the seawater spray supply line LE is branched into first, second, and third seawater spray supply lines LE1, LE2, and LE3 which are connected to first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331, respectively, and have first, second, and third seawater spray supply valves VE1, VE2, and VE3, respectively.
Therefore, hereinafter, the different components will be mainly described, and the remaining components may be referred to those described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
In the third embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 8, the seawater spray supply line LE may be branched into first, second, and third seawater spray supply lines LE1, LE2, and LE3. In addition, the first, second, and third seawater spray supply lines LE1, LE2, and LE3 may be connected to the first, second, and third supply pipes 311, 321, and 331 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330, respectively. In addition, the first, second, and third seawater spray supply valves VE1, VE2, and VE3 may be provided in the first, second, and third seawater spray supply lines LE1, LE2, and LE3, respectively.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, a packing PC may also be provided in a portion between the second spraying unit 320 and the third spraying unit 330 inside the reactor 200.
In the third embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure having the aforementioned configuration, if there is no need to remove sulfur oxide because the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses low sulfur oil as fuel, carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas as follows.
In the open loop state in which the wastewater recovery valve VW is closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD is opened, the second and third seawater spray supply valves VE2 and VE3 and the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed, and the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened. In addition, the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated.
Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed as a cooling liquid into the exhaust gas from the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310 and a treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the second and third spray nozzles 322 and 332 of the second and third spraying units 320 and 330 to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In the closed loop state in which the wastewater drainage valve VD is closed and the wastewater recovery valve VW is opened, the first, second, and third seawater spray supply valves VE1, VE2, and VE3 may all be closed and the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may all be opened. In addition, the treatment liquid supply pump PT and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated. Accordingly, a treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from all of the first, second, and third spray nozzles 312, 322, and 332 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330 to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW.
In the closed loop state, the second and third seawater spray supply valves VE2 and VE3 and the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed, the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE, the treatment liquid supply pump PT, and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated. Accordingly, the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310 may spray seawater into the exhaust gas, and the second and third spray nozzles 322 and 332 of the second and third spraying units 320 and 330 may spray the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW.
In addition, in the closed loop state, the second and third seawater spray supply valves VE2 and VE3 and the first and second treatment liquid supply valves VT1 and VT2 may be closed, the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the third treatment liquid supply valve VT3 may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE, the treatment liquid supply pump PT, and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated. Accordingly, the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310 may spray seawater into the exhaust gas, the third spray nozzle 332 of the third spraying unit 330 may spray the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas, and the second spray nozzle 322 of the second spraying unit 320 may not spray anything. In addition, wastewater may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW.
Meanwhile, in the closed loop state, if necessary, the wastewater recovery valve VW may be closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD may be opened, so that wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In the third embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, if it is necessary to remove sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas because the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses high sulfur oil as fuel, only sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas or sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide may be removed at the same time as follows.
Also, in this case, the wastewater recovery valve VW may be closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD may be opened in the open loop state.
In the case of removing only sulfur oxide, in the open loop state, the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 and the third seawater spray supply valve VE3 may be closed and the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 may be opened. Also, the seawater spray supply pump PE may be driven. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first and second spray nozzles 312 and 322 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320. Accordingly, sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In this case, the third seawater spray supply valve VE3 may also be opened according to the amount of seawater to be sprayed. In addition, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In addition, in the case of removing sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide at the same time, in the open loop state, the first and second treatment liquid supply valves VT1 and VT2 and the third seawater spray supply valve VE3 may be closed, the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 and the third treatment liquid supply valve VT3 may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first and second spray nozzles 312 and 322 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320 so that sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas, and the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the third spray nozzle 332 of the third spraying unit 330 so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In the third embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure of this configuration, only carbon dioxide may be removed, only sulfur oxide may be removed, or both sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide may be simultaneously removed, from the exhaust gas with the single exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 according to whether the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses low sulfur oil or high sulfur oil as fuel.

Fourth embodiment of exhaust gas treatment apparatus and ship

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
FIG. 10 is a view illustrating a fourth embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view, like FIG. 4, illustrating a fourth embodiment of a ship according to the present disclosure.
Here, the fourth embodiment of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship according to the present disclosure is different from the second embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure described above with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, in that the treatment unit 300 removes at least one of sulfur oxide and carbon oxide and a division unit 240 is provided in the reactor 200 to divide the inside of the reactor 200 into a first region RG1 and a second region RG2.
Accordingly, the seawater spray supply line LE is branched into first and second seawater spray supply lines LE1 and LE2 which are connected to the first and second supply pipes 311 and 321 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320, respectively, the first and second seawater spray supply lines LE1 and LE2 include first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2, respectively, the division unit 240 dividing the inside of the reactor 200 into the first region RG1 and the second region RG2 is provided inside the reactor 200, a second region wastewater drainage line LWA is connected to the second region RG2, a second region wastewater recovery line LWB connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 is connected to the second region wastewater drainage line LWA, and the second region wastewater drainage line LWA and the second region wastewater recovery line LWB include a second region wastewater drainage valve VWA and a second region wastewater recovery valve VWB, respectively.
Therefore, hereinafter, the different components will be mainly described, and the remaining components may be referred to those described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 10, the seawater spray supply line LE may be branched into the first and second seawater spray supply lines LE1 and LE2 respectively. In addition, the first and second seawater spray supply lines LE1 and LE2 may be connected to the first and second supply pipes 311 and 321 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320, respectively. In addition, the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 may be provided in the first and second seawater spray supply lines LE1 and LE2, respectively.
In this case, a packing PC may be provided in a portion between the second spraying unit 320 and the third spraying unit 330 inside the reactor 200.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 10, the division unit 240 may be provided inside the reactor 200 to divide the inside of the reactor 200 into the first region RG1 and the second region RG2. The division unit 240 may allow the exhaust gas to flow from the first region RG1 to the second region RG2 and allow wastewater which is a treatment liquid sprayed from the third spraying unit 330 to the second region RG2 so as to be used to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas to be drained or recovered, rather than flowing to the first region RG1.
For example, the division unit 240 may be provided in a portion between the second spraying unit 320 and the third spraying unit 330 inside the reactor 200. In this case, by the division unit 240, the inside of the reactor 200 may be divided into the first region RG1 in which the first spraying unit 310 and the second spraying unit 320 are provided and the second region RG2 in which the third spraying unit 330 is provided.
The division unit 240 may include a division member 241, a connection member 242, and a cover member 243. The division member 241 may be provided, for example, between the second spraying unit 320 and the third spraying unit 330 inside the reactor 200 to divide the inside of the reactor 200 into the first region RG1 and the second region RG2, and a passage portion (not shown) through which the exhaust gas passes may be formed. For example, the division member 241 may have a shape of a truncated square pyramid having a hollow therein. In addition, lower ends of a plurality of connection members 242, for example, lower ends of four connection members 242, may be connected to upper corners of the division member 241, respectively. In addition, the cover member 243 may be connected to upper ends of the plurality of connection members 242 so that the treatment liquid sprayed from the third spraying unit 330 may not pass through the passage portion of the division member 241. For example, the cover member 243 may have a square pyramid shape with an empty inside.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, a second region wastewater drainage line LWA may be connected to the second region RG2, a second region wastewater recovery line LWB connected to the treatment liquid tank 340 may be connected to the second region wastewater drainage line LWA, and the second region wastewater drainage line LWA and the second region wastewater recovery line LWB may include a second region wastewater drainage valve VWA and a second region wastewater recovery valve VWB, respectively.
The second region wastewater drainage line LWA may be connected to the wastewater purification unit. Wastewater drained from the second region wastewater drainage line LWA may be supplied to the wastewater purification unit through the second region wastewater drainage line LWA, may be purified by the wastewater purification unit, and may be subsequently drained to the outside, e.g., to the outside of the ship 10.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure having the aforementioned configuration, if there is no need to remove sulfur oxide because the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses low sulfur oil as fuel, carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas as follows.
In the open loop state in which the wastewater recovery valve VW is closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD is opened, the second seawater spray supply valve VE2 and the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed, and the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened. In addition, the second region wastewater recovery valve VWB may be closed and the second region wastewater drainage valve VWA may be opened. In addition, the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated.
Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed as a cooling liquid to the exhaust gas from the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310, and the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the second and third spray nozzles 322 and 332 of the second and third spraying units 320 and 330 to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater, which is seawater or a treatment liquid, used to remove carbon dioxide from exhaust gas may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD and the second region wastewater drainage line LWA.
In addition, in the closed loop state in which the wastewater drainage valve VD is closed and the wastewater recovery valve VW is opened, both the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 may be closed and the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may all be opened. In addition, the second region wastewater drainage valve VWA may be closed and the second region wastewater recovery valve VWB may be opened. In addition, the treatment liquid supply pump PT and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated.
Accordingly, the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from all of the first, second, and third spray nozzles 312, 322, and 332 of the first, second, and third spraying units 310, 320, and 330, so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater, as a treatment liquid which has removed carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW and the second region wastewater recovery line LWB.
In the closed loop state, the second seawater spray supply valve VE2 and the first treatment liquid supply valve VT1 may be closed, the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves VT2 and VT3 may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE, the treatment liquid supply pump PT, and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed as a cooling liquid into the exhaust gas from the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310, and a treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the second and third spray nozzles 322 and 332 of the second and third spraying units 320 and 330 so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater, which is seawater or a treatment liquid and has removed carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW and the second region wastewater recovery line LWB.
In addition, in the closed loop state, the second seawater spray supply valve VE2 and the first and second treatment liquid supply valves VT1 and VT2 may be closed, the first seawater spray supply valve VE1 and the third treatment liquid supply valve VT3 may be opened, and the seawater spray supply pump PE, the treatment liquid supply pump PT, and the wastewater recovery pump PW may be operated. Accordingly, seawater as a cooling liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first spray nozzle 312 of the first spraying unit 310 and the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the third spray nozzle 332 of the third spraying unit 330 so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas, and nothing may be sprayed from the second spray nozzle 322 of the second spraying unit 320. In addition, wastewater may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the wastewater recovery line LW and the second region wastewater recovery line LWB.
Meanwhile, in the closed loop state, if necessary, the wastewater recovery valve VW may be closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD may be opened, so that wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure, if it is necessary to remove sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas because the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses high sulfur oil as fuel, only sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas or sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide may be removed at the same time as follows.
In this case, the wastewater recovery valve VW may be closed and the wastewater drainage valve VD may be opened in the open loop state.
In the case of removing only sulfur oxide, in the open loop state, the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves VT1, VT2, and VT3 may all be closed and both the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 may be opened. Also, the seawater spray supply pump PE may be operated. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first and second spray nozzles 312 and 322 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320 so that sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In addition, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD.
In the case of removing sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide at the same time, in the open loop state, the first and second treatment liquid supply valves VT1 and VT2 may be closed and the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 and the third treatment liquid supply valve VT3 may be opened. In addition, the second region wastewater recovery valve VWB may be closed and the second region wastewater drainage valve VWA may be opened. In addition, the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first and second spray nozzles 312 and 322 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320 so that sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas, and the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the third spray nozzle 332 of the third spraying unit 330 so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In this case, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD and the second region wastewater drainage line LWA.
In the case of removing sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide at the same time, in the open loop state, the first and second treatment liquid supply valves VT1 and VT2 may be closed and the first and second seawater spray supply valves VE1 and VE2 and the third treatment liquid supply valve VT3 may be opened. In addition, the second region wastewater drainage valve VWA may be closed and the second region wastewater recovery valve VWB may be opened. In addition, the seawater spray supply pump PE and the treatment liquid supply pump PT may be operated. Accordingly, seawater may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the first and second spray nozzles 312 and 322 of the first and second spraying units 310 and 320 so that sulfur oxide may be removed from the exhaust gas, and the treatment liquid may be sprayed into the exhaust gas from the third spray nozzle 332 of the third spraying unit 330 so that carbon dioxide may be removed from the exhaust gas. In this case, wastewater may be drained through the wastewater drainage line LD or may be recovered to the treatment liquid tank 340 through the second region wastewater recovery line LWB.
In the fourth embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 and the ship 10 according to the present disclosure of this configuration, only carbon dioxide may be removed, only sulfur oxide may be removed, or both sulfur oxide and carbon dioxide may be simultaneously removed, from the exhaust gas with the single exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 according to whether the exhaust gas emission device 30 uses low sulfur oil or high sulfur oil as fuel, and since the inside of the reactor 200 is divided by the division unit 240 into the first region RG1 in which the first spraying unit 310 and the second spraying unit 320 are provided and the second region RG2 in which the third spraying unit 330 is provided, efficiency of removing at least one of sulfur oxide and carbon oxide from the exhaust gas may be maximized.
As described above, when the exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship including the same according to the present disclosure are used, carbon dioxide may be removed from exhaust gas, wastewater which is a cooling liquid or a treatment liquid used to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas may be drained, or the wastewater may be recovered and the treatment liquid may be separated from the wastewater, heat of the exhaust gas recovered by the heat recovery unit may increase, and the treatment liquid sprayed into the exhaust gas may be created by mixing seawater and an alkaline agent to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus and a ship including the same described above are not limitedly applied to the configuration of the embodiments described above, but all or some of the embodiments may be selectively combined so that various modifications may be made.

[DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS]

10: SHIP	20: HULL
21: CHIMNEY	22: RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURE
30: EXHAUST GAS EMISSION DEVICE
31: ENGINE
31A: MAIN ENGINE
31B: ENGINE FOR POWER GENERATION
32: BOILER
100: EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT APPARATUS
200: REACTOR	210: EXHAUST GAS INLET
220: EXHAUST GAS OUTLET
230: WASTEWATER DRAIN PORT
240: DIVISION UNIT
241: DIVISION MEMBER
242: CONNECTION MEMBER
243: COVER MEMBER
300: TREATMENT UNIT
310: FIRST SPRAYING UNIT
311: FIRST SUPPLY PIPE
312: FIRST SPRAY NOZZLE
320: SECOND SPRAYING UNIT
321: SECOND SUPPLY PIPE
322: SECOND SPRAY NOZZLE
330: THIRD SPRAYING UNIT
331: THIRD SUPPLY PIPE
332: THIRD SPRAY NOZZLE
340: TREATMENT LIQUID TANK
341: TREATMENT LIQUID COMPONENT DETECTION SENSOR
350: TREATMENT LIQUID PREPARING UNIT
351: SEAWATER TANK
352: FRESH WATER TANK
353: ALKALINE AGENT TANK
354: AUXILIARY AGENT TANK
355: MIXING TANK
360: TREATMENT LIQUID SEPARATION UNIT
400: HEAT RECOVERY UNIT
LD: WASTEWATER DRAINAGE LINE
LC: CONNECTION LINE
LS: SEAWATER SUPPLY LINE
LP, LT: TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY LINE
LR: TREATMENT LIQUID RECOVERY LINE
LW: WASTEWATER RECOVERY LINE
LV: TREATMENT LIQUID SEPARATION LINE
LF: SEPARATED TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY LINE
LDD: SEPARATED WASTEWATER DRAINAGE LINE
LWA: SECOND REGION WASTEWATER DRAINAGE LINE
LWB: SECOND REGION WASTEWATER RECOVERY LINE
LE: SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY LINE
LE1: FIRST SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY LINE
LE2: SECOND SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY LINE
LE3: THIRD SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY LINE
PH: POROUS PLATE
PC: PACKINGV: VALVE
VD: WASTEWATER DRAINAGE VALVE
VW: WASTEWATER RECOVERY VALVE
VWA: SECOND REGION WASTEWATER DRAINAGE VALVE
VWB: SECOND REGION WASTEWATER RECOVERY VALVE
VE: SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY VALVE
VE1: FIRST SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY VALVE
VE2: SECOND SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY VALVE
VE3: THIRD SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY VALVE
VT1: FIRST TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY VALVE
VT2: SECOND TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY VALVE
VT3: THIRD TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY VALVE
VR: FLOW PATH SWITCHING VALVE
P: PUMP	PW: WASTEWATER RECOVERY PUMP
PE: SEAWATER SPRAY SUPPLY PUMP
PT: TREATMENT LIQUID SUPPLY PUMP
RG1: FIRST REGION	RG2: SECOND REGION
PG: EXHAUST PIPE	HE: HEATER

Claims

An exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprising:
a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and

a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a cooling liquid and a treatment liquid, or a treatment liquid, onto exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas,

wherein the treatment liquid is an aqueous alkaline solution which chemically adsorbs carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, and waste water, which is the cooling liquid or the treatment liquid sprayed into the exhaust gas and used to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, is drained or recovered so that the treatment liquid is separated from the waste water.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas is cooled to 100°C or lower, before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor or before the treatment liquid is sprayed inside the reactor.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a heat recovery unit recovering heat from the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor, to cool the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein
the treatment unit includes:
a first spraying unit spraying the cooling liquid or the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas;

a second spraying unit spraying the treatment liquid into the exhaust gas; and

a treatment liquid tank storing the treatment liquid and connected to the first spraying unit and the second spraying unit to supply the treatment liquid thereto.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 4, wherein the cooling liquid is seawater.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 5, wherein the reactor includes an exhaust gas inlet through which the exhaust gas is introduced, and at least a portion of the first spraying unit is provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the exhaust gas inlet in a flow direction of the exhaust gas, and at least a portion of the second spraying unit is provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the first spraying unit in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the reactor includes a wastewater drain port through which wastewater is drained, and a wastewater drainage line and a wastewater recovery line connected to the treatment liquid tank are connected to the wastewater drain port.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 7, wherein the wastewater drainage line includes a wastewater drainage valve, and the wastewater recovery line includes a wastewater recovery valve and a wastewater recovery pump.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 8, wherein the treatment unit further includes a third spraying unit spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas, at least a portion thereof being provided in a portion inside the reactor next to the second spraying unit in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first, second, and third spraying units include first, second, and third supply pipes in which at least portions of one sides are provided inside the reactor and the other sides are connected to the treatment liquid tank, respectively, and a seawater spray supply line connected to a seawater source is connected to the first supply pipe.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 10, wherein the seawater spray supply line includes a seawater spray supply valve and a seawater spray supply pump, the first, second, and third supply pipes include first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves, respectively, a treatment liquid supply line including a treatment liquid supply pump is connected to the treatment liquid tank, and the other sides of the first, second, and third supply pipes are connected to the treatment liquid supply line.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first, second, and third spraying units further include first, second, and third spray nozzles respectively provided in portions of the first, second, and third supply pipes provided inside the reactor.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 12, wherein the wastewater recovery valve is closed and the wastewater drainage valve is opened to enter an open loop state, or the wastewater drainage valve is closed and the wastewater recovery valve is opened to enter a closed loop state.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 13, wherein, in the open loop state, the first treatment liquid supply valve is closed, the seawater spray supply valve and the second and third treatment liquid supply valves are opened, and the seawater spray supply pump and the treatment liquid supply pump are operated so that seawater is sprayed from the first spray nozzle, the treatment liquid is sprayed from the second and third spray nozzles, and wastewater is discharged through the wastewater drainage line.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 13, wherein, in the closed loop state, the seawater spray supply valve is closed, at least one of the first, second, and third treatment liquid supply valves is opened, and the treatment liquid supply pump and the wastewater recovery pump are operated, so that the treatment liquid is sprayed from at least one of the first, second, and third spray nozzles, and wastewater is recovered through the wastewater recovery line.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first treatment liquid supply valve is closed, the seawater spray supply valve is opened, and the seawater spray supply pump is operated, as necessary, so that seawater is sprayed through the first spray nozzle.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 4, wherein the treatment unit further includes a treatment liquid preparing unit connected to the treatment liquid tank, preparing a treatment liquid, and supplying the treatment liquid to the treatment liquid tank.
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of claim 17, wherein the treatment liquid preparing unit prepares an aqueous alkaline solution as a treatment liquid by mixing at least one of seawater and fresh water with an alkaline agent.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprising:
a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and

a heat recovery unit recovering heat from the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas is introduced into the reactor,

wherein the exhaust gas is cooled to 100°C or lower by the heat recovery unit.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprising:
a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and

a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas,

wherein the treatment unit includes a treatment liquid preparing unit preparing and supplying the treatment liquid, and the treatment liquid preparing unit prepares the treatment liquid by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent.
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprising:
a reactor into which exhaust gas is introduced; and

a treatment unit provided inside the reactor and spraying a treatment liquid into the exhaust gas to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas,

wherein the treatment unit includes a treatment liquid preparing unit preparing and supplying a treatment liquid, the treatment liquid preparing unit prepares the treatment liquid by mixing seawater with an alkaline agent, the treatment liquid preparing unit includes a seawater tank in which seawater is stored, and the seawater tank receives seawater from a seawater source and stores the seawater.
A ship comprising:
a hull; and

the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 21, provided in the hull.