EP3898838A1 - Construction block comprising petroleum coke - Google Patents
Construction block comprising petroleum cokeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3898838A1 EP3898838A1 EP19845773.1A EP19845773A EP3898838A1 EP 3898838 A1 EP3898838 A1 EP 3898838A1 EP 19845773 A EP19845773 A EP 19845773A EP 3898838 A1 EP3898838 A1 EP 3898838A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- building block
- aggregates
- binder
- particle size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 pozzolans Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002010 green coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002008 calcined petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
- C08L95/005—Aqueous compositions, e.g. emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/66—Substances characterised by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/72—Fillers; Inorganic pigments; Reinforcing additives
- C08L2666/74—Aggregates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to building blocks comprising petroleum coke and the use of compositions comprising petroleum coke for the manufacture of building blocks.
- Petroleum coke is a co-product from petroleum refining.
- Document EP 2878624 describes a waterproofing membrane comprising a reinforcing material coated with a composition comprising a mixture of bitumen and plasticizer, petroleum coke and an elastomeric or plastomeric polymer.
- Document SU 1154299 describes bitumen-based compositions for the production of soil for agricultural buildings sheltering livestock.
- CN 105439632 describes a water-permeable brick based on sand and prepared from a composition comprising petroleum coke. Such a brick, having a high permeability to water, would not, for example, be suitable for replacing concrete blocks in the construction of walls.
- the invention relates firstly, quite generally, to a building block comprising petroleum coke and at least one binder.
- the building block has a vertical and / or horizontal water permeability of 0.005 mm / s or less.
- petroleum coke is present in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 52% by weight, preferably 5 to 31% by weight, based on the total weight of the building block.
- the building block further comprises aggregates.
- the aggregates are chosen from the group consisting of coarse aggregates having a particle size of 6.3 mm or greater, medium aggregates having a particle size greater than 2 mm and less than 6.3 mm, fine aggregates having a particle size of 80 ⁇ m to 2 mm, fines having a particle size of less than 80 ⁇ m and combinations thereof.
- the building block comprises as aggregates:
- the binder is a hydraulic binder, preferably selected from the group consisting of cement, blast furnace slag, pozzolans, fly ash, gypsum, or a mixture thereof, and / or a hydrocarbon binder, preferably chosen from the group consisting of bitumen, modified or not, pitch, heavy fuel oil, or a mixture of these, the binder being preferably present in an amount of 0.1 to 41% by weight, even more preferably from 2 to 26% by weight, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block further comprises reinforcing fibers, such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers, preferably in an amount of 0 to 21% by weight per relative to the total weight of the building block.
- reinforcing fibers such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers, preferably in an amount of 0 to 21% by weight per relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the invention also relates to the use of a composition comprising petroleum coke and at least one binder, for the manufacture of a building block.
- composition comprises:
- reinforcing fibers such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers.
- the hydrocarbon binder is in the form of a hydrocarbon binder in water emulsion.
- the present invention makes it possible to meet the need expressed above. More specifically, it provides an economical and recyclable building block with good thermal insulation and sound insulation properties (superior to those of concrete blocks, plaster / gypsum blocks or traditional walled concrete).
- the building block according to the invention may be lighter (that is to say that its density may be lower) than a traditional cement building block (concrete block or concrete slab for example).
- the building block according to the invention can also constitute a very large carbon sink, by absorbing a large amount of carbon in a sustainable manner.
- the building block according to the invention may include a fire resistance superior to that of building materials such as wood or materials comprising wood, a solidity greater than that of plaster blocks (or gypsum) and wood particle boards as well as a forability greater than that of concrete blocks or concrete.
- Figure 1 is a snapshot of the compacted block described in Example 1.
- Figure 2 is a snapshot of the compacted block described in Example 2.
- FIG 3 is a snapshot of the plates with and without petroleum coke installed on an electric heater, as described in Example 4.
- the left plate is the plate without petroleum coke
- the right plate is the plate with petroleum coke.
- Figure 4 shows the temperature of a volume of water heated through a building block (plate) without petroleum coke (solid black circles) and the temperature of an identical volume of water through a building block ( plate) with petroleum coke (solid gray triangles), as described in Example 4.
- the abscissa axis represents the time of the measurement (in min), and on the ordinate axis is the temperature of water (in ° C).
- a binder must be understood to mean “one or more binders”. The same applies to all the other components.
- the invention relates firstly to a building block comprising petroleum coke.
- building block is meant any solid building element, full or hollow. It can in particular be blocks, bricks, vertical or horizontal slabs, or any other block which can be manipulated in order to be assembled with other elements. These blocks can be prefabricated in the factory or can be manufactured on site. These building blocks are in particular used in the production of walls, foundations, or floors.
- the building block has a vertical and / or horizontal water permeability less than or equal to 0.005 mm / s.
- the vertical and horizontal water permeabilities can be measured on a cylindrical test piece according to standard NF EN 12697-19. More preferably, the vertical water permeability of the building block is less than or equal to 0.004 mm / s, or less than or equal to 0.003 mm / s, or less than or equal to 0.002 mm / s, or less than or equal to 0.001 mm / s, and / or the horizontal water permeability of the building block is less than or equal to 0.004 mm / s, or less than or equal to 0.003 mm / s, or less than or equal to 0.002 mm / s, or less or equal to 0.001 mm / s.
- the building block according to the invention can have any possible shape.
- the building block has a parallelepipedic or essentially parallelepipedic shape.
- the building block can also have a cylindrical shape, or an irregular shape.
- the building block is hollow, that is to say comprises one or more walls providing at least one internal cavity, the cavity being open or closed.
- the building block can have any suitable size.
- the building block may have a rectangular shape and be 20 to 100 cm long, 10 to 50 cm wide and 10 to 50 cm high.
- the building block can be a large surface element (facade panel, floor slab).
- Petroleum coke is a carbonaceous solid resulting from the refining of petroleum and produced by a coking process from very heavy cuts of petroleum. It can for example be obtained by a coking process in a fluidized bed (“fluid coking”) or discontinuous coking ("delayed coking").
- Petroleum coke is the ultimate product of petroleum refining, that is to say the product with the highest carbon / hydrogen atomic ratio, typically greater than 25, and therefore a non-measurable viscosity since petroleum coke comes in solid form. Petroleum coke coming directly from coking units is called “green coke”. This green coke can undergo a calcination process, for example in a rotary kiln, making it possible to remove the residual volatile hydrocarbons from the coke: the coke is then called "calcined coke”.
- the petroleum coke can be green petroleum coke or calcined petroleum coke.
- Petroleum coke is preferably green petroleum coke, the latter having the advantage of being more economical.
- petroleum coke has a maximum particle size less than or equal to 5 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 3 mm.
- the particle size of petroleum coke can be measured by sieving, for example according to standard NF EN 933-1.
- Petroleum coke can be considered as a secondary material within the meaning of standard NF EN 15978 (definition 3.32 of the standard) which describes construction works and their contribution to sustainable development.
- the building block preferably comprises from 0.1 to 52% by weight, preferably from 5 to 31% by weight, of petroleum coke relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block may comprise from 0.1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 15% by weight, or from 15 to 21% by weight, or from 21 to 26% by weight, or from 26 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 36% by weight, or from 36 to 41% by weight, or from 41 to 46% by weight, or from 46 to 52% by weight, of petroleum coke relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block also comprises aggregates (or aggregates).
- aggregate is meant any solid fragment whose maximum dimension is less than 125 mm (as measured by sieving, according to standard NF EN 933-1, for example). In the context of the present invention, this term excludes petroleum coke particles.
- the aggregates according to the invention are mineral and / or synthetic aggregates. These aggregates are preferably obtained from the crushing of massive rocks or alluvial rocks. Aggregates therefore designate a granular material used in construction. An aggregate can be natural, artificial or recycled.
- natural aggregate designates an aggregate which has not undergone any deformation other than mechanical.
- artificial aggregate designates an aggregate of mineral origin resulting from an industrial process comprising thermal or other transformations.
- Recycled aggregate means an aggregate previously used in construction or otherwise.
- the particle size (or diameter) of the aggregates can be measured by sieving, for example according to standard NF EN 933-1, or by laser granulometry.
- the building block can comprise from 0 to 93% by weight of coarse aggregates, preferably from 5 to 62%, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block may comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 21% by weight, or from 21 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 41% by weight, or from 41 at 52% by weight, or from 52 to 62% by weight, or from 62 to 72% by weight, or from 72% to 82% by weight, or from 82% to 93% by weight, of coarse aggregates, relative the total weight of the building block.
- the building block can also comprise from 0 to 93% by weight of average aggregates, preferably from 5 to 62%, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block may comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 21% by weight, or from 21 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 41% by weight, or from 41 at 52% by weight, or from 52 to 62% by weight, or from 62 to 72% by weight, or from 72% to 82% by weight, or from 82% to 93% by weight, of average aggregates, relative the total weight of the building block.
- the building block can also comprise from 0 to 72% by weight of fine aggregates, preferably from 5 to 41%, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block may comprise from 0 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 15% by weight, or from 15 at 21% by weight, or from 21 to 26% by weight, or from 26 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 36% by weight, or from 36 to 41% by weight, or from 41 to 46% by weight , or from 46 to 52% by weight, or from 52 to 57% by weight, or from 57 to 62% by weight, or from 62 to 67% by weight, or from 67 to 72% by weight, of fine aggregates relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block can also comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0 to 3% by weight, of fines.
- the building block may comprise from 0 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or from 3 to 4% by weight, or from 4 at 5% by weight, or from 5 to 6% by weight, or from 6 to 7% by weight, or from 7 to 8% by weight, or from 8 to 9% by weight, or from 9 to 10% by weight , fine compared to the total weight of the building block.
- the aggregates belonging to the categories described above can be, of a category compared to the other, of the same or different nature.
- the aggregates, in each of the categories described above can all be of the same nature or of a different nature.
- the aggregates can comprise, or be composed, for example, of limestone, silica, and / or of magmatic or plutonic rock.
- the aggregates may be, in whole or in part, bituminous mix fragments from the road industry, for example millings from the recycling of asphalt, gravel and road asphalt, with the exception of those containing asbestos, and / or fragments of crushed building material from the construction industry.
- bituminous mix means a mixture of a bituminous binder composition with aggregates.
- Such fragments can comprise a certain proportion of hydrocarbon binder.
- the hydrocarbon binder in question is counted with the hydrocarbon binder provided separately, for the purposes of calculating the proportions of the various compounds of the mix.
- bituminous mix fragments from the road industry and / or the fragments of crushed building material from the construction industry can for example be present in a proportion of 0 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 21% by weight, or from 21 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 41% by weight, or from 41 to 52% by weight, or from 52 to 62% by weight, or from 62 to 72% by weight, or from 72% to 82% by weight, or from 82% to 93% by weight, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- Preferred ranges are 5 to 62%, or 15 to 51%, by weight, based on the total weight of the building block.
- the aggregates in whole or in part, can also comprise, or be composed of, polymers. It can in particular be plastics recovered and / or recovered rubber. Adding polymer to the building block can increase the elasticity of the building block and / or its thermal and / or acoustic insulation capacity.
- the aggregates comprising, or compounds of, polymers are present in a mass amount of 0 to 21% by weight, more preferably from 0 to 10% by weight, for example from 0 to 5%, or from 5 to 10% , or from 10 to 15%, or from 15 to 21%, by weight, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the fine aggregates can in particular be sand.
- the building block also includes at least one binder.
- binder means a product allowing the agglomeration of all or part of the solid elements constituting the building block.
- the building block comprises from 0.1 to 41% by weight of binder, preferably from 2 to 26% by weight, even more preferably from 2 to 12% by weight, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the building block may comprise from 0.1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 4% by weight, or from 4 to 6% by weight, or from 6 to 8% by weight, or from 8 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 15% by weight, or from 15 to 21% by weight, or from 21 to 26% by weight, or from 26 to 31% by weight, or from 31 to 36% by weight, or from 36 to 41% by weight, of binder relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the binder can be cement (hydrated). The presence of cement can increase the hardness of the building block.
- the binder can be another hydraulic binder, such as in particular blast furnace slag, fly ash, pozzolans and / or gypsum.
- the binder can be a hydrocarbon binder.
- hydrocarbon binder is meant any binder comprising one or more hydrocarbons. In the context of the present invention, this term excludes petroleum coke.
- the hydrocarbon binder is considered a secondary material within the meaning of standard NF EN 15978 (definition 3.32 of the standard) which describes construction works and their contribution to sustainable development.
- the hydrocarbon binder is advantageously chosen from the group consisting of bitumen, modified or not, pitch, heavy fuel oil or a mixture of these.
- the bitumen preferably has a penetration of less than 800 tenths of a mm at 25 ° C., measured by standard NF EN 1426.
- the bitumens according to the invention include the bitumens of natural origin, those contained in natural bitumen, natural asphalt or oil sands deposits.
- the bitumens according to the invention also include the bitumens originating from the refining of crude oil. Bitumens come from atmospheric and / or vacuum distillation of petroleum. These bitumens can possibly be blown, visbreaked and / or resulting from the deasphalting process.
- the different bitumens obtained by the refining processes can be combined with one another.
- the bitumens can be hard grade or soft grade bitumens.
- Heavy fuel oil and pitch also come from the atmospheric and / or vacuum distillation of petroleum. They are mainly used as fuel. Pitch differs from heavy fuel oil by its higher viscosity, up to 4000 mm 2 / s for kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C (measured for example according to standard NF EN ISO 3104). Pitch is also known as “high viscosity fuel”.
- the hydrocarbon binder is pitch.
- Pitch has the advantage of being more economical than bitumen and heavy fuel oil.
- the binder comprises a hydraulic binder and a hydrocarbon binder.
- the building block comprises from 0 to 26% by weight, preferably from 1 to 15% by weight, of hydraulic binder and from 0 to 15% by weight, preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, of binder hydrocarbon based on the total weight of the building block.
- the building block comprises from 0 to 0.5% by weight, or from 0.5 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or 3 to 4% by weight, or 4 to 5% by weight, or 5 to 6% by weight, or 6 to 7% by weight, or 7 to 8% by weight, or 8 to 9 % by weight, or from 9 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 12% by weight, or from 12 to 14% by weight, or from 14 to 16% by weight, or from 16 to 19% by weight, or from 19 to
- the building block comprises from 0 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or from 3 to 4% by weight, or from 4 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 6% by weight, or from 6 to 7% by weight, or from 7 to 8% by weight, or from 8 to 9% by weight, or from 9 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 11% by weight, or from 1 1 to 12% by weight, or from 12 to 13% by weight, or from 13 to 14% by weight, or from 14 to 15% by weight, of hydrocarbon binder relative to the total weight of the building block.
- the amounts of binder indicated above refer to the amount of the binder as such and do not take account of any additives incorporated into the binder, for example to facilitate its addition with the other constituents of the block, for example water when the hydrocarbon binder is introduced in the form of an emulsion in the composition intended for the manufacture of the block.
- the hydrocarbon binder (as such) preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C greater than or equal to 50 mm 2 / s, even more preferably greater than or equal to 100 mm 2 / s, for example from 50 to 100 mm 2 / s, or from 100 to 500 mm 2 / s, or from 500 to 1000 mm 2 / s, or from 1000 to 1500 mm 2 / s, or from 1500 to 2000 mm 2 / s, or from 2000 to 2500 mm 2 / s, or from 2500 to 3000 mm 2 / s, or from 3000 to 3500 mm 2 / s, or from 3500 to 4000 mm 2 / s, or greater than 4000 mm 2 / s.
- Kinematic viscosity can be measured at 50 ° C according to standard NF EN ISO 3104.
- the building block may also include reinforcing fibers, such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers. These reinforcing fibers are preferably present in an amount from 0 to 21% by weight, more preferably from 0 to 10% by weight, for example from 0 to 5%, or from 5 to 10%, or from 10 to 15% , or from 15 to 21%, by weight, relative to the total weight of the building block.
- reinforcing fibers such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers.
- the building block may also include other additives.
- additives can for example be emulsifying agents and / or concrete admixtures, preferably in an amount ranging from 0 to 1% by weight, for example from 0.01 to 1% by weight, relative to the total weight of the block of construction.
- the building block essentially consists, or consists, of the compounds described above.
- the building block according to the invention can be recycled, one or more times, for example as aggregates.
- the building block can be crushed and / or crushed, so as to obtain fragments of smaller size.
- These fragments can then be screened for selection based on their size. They can, for example, be reused as coarse aggregates, as medium aggregates, as fine aggregates and / or as fine.
- the invention also relates to the use of a building block as defined above, for the construction of a wall, foundations or a masonry floor.
- the walls and floors can be interior or exterior walls or floors.
- the invention also relates to a wall, a foundation or a masonry floor comprising at least one building block as defined above.
- the invention also relates to the use of petroleum coke for the manufacture of a building block.
- Petroleum coke is present in a composition, in combination with at least one binder.
- the composition comprises:
- reinforcing fibers such as metallic fibers and / or polymer fibers and / or organic fibers; for making a building block.
- the composition for manufacturing the building block comprises at least 0.1% of binder (hydraulic binder and / or hydrocarbon binder).
- the characteristics concerning the nature and the particle sizes of the components of the building block described above can also apply to the composition used for the manufacture of the building block.
- the amounts of binder indicated refer to the amounts of binder as such.
- the particle size of the aggregates or petroleum coke can be measured by sieving or laser granulometry, as described above.
- composition for manufacturing the building block comprises:
- composition for its use for the manufacture of a building block can comprise from 0.1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 15% by weight, or from 15 to 20% by weight, or from 20 to 25% by weight, or from 25 to 30% by weight, or from 30 to 35% by weight, or from 35 to 40% by weight, or 40 to 45% by weight, or 45 to 50% by weight, of petroleum coke relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 20% by weight, or from 20 to 30% by weight, or from 30 to 40% by weight, or from 40 to 50% by weight, or from 50 to 60% by weight, or from 60 to 70% by weight, or from 70% to 80% by weight, or from 80% to 90% by weight, of coarse aggregates, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 20% by weight, or from 20 to 30% by weight, or from 30 to 40% by weight, or from 40 to 50% by weight, or from 50 to 60% by weight, or from 60 to 70% by weight, or from 70% to 80% by weight, or from 80% to 90% by weight, of average aggregates, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 15% by weight, or from 15 to 20% by weight, or from 20 to 25% by weight, or 25 to 30% by weight, or 30 to 35% by weight, or 35 to 40% by weight, or 40 to 45% by weight, or 45 to 50% in weight, or from 50 to 55% by weight, or from 55 to 60% by weight, or from 60 to 65% by weight, or from 65 to 70% by weight, of fine aggregates relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or from 3 to 4% by weight, or from 4 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 6% by weight, or 6 to 7% by weight, or 7 to 8% by weight, or 8 to 9% by weight, or 9 to 10% by weight, fines relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition may comprise from 0 to 0.5% by weight, or from 0.5 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or from 3 to 4% by weight.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 1% by weight, or from 1 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 3% by weight, or from 3 to 4% by weight, or from 4 to 5% by weight, or from 5 to 6% by weight, or 6 to 7% by weight, or 7 to 8% by weight, or 8 to 9% by weight, or 9 to 10% by weight, or 10 to 11% by weight, or from 1 1 to 12% by weight, or from 12 to 13% by weight, or from 13 to 14% by weight, or from 14 to 15% by weight, of hydrocarbon binder relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can comprise from 0 to 2% by weight, or from 2 to 4% by weight, or from 4 to 6% by weight, or from 6 to 8% by weight, or from 8 to 10% by weight, or from 10 to 12% by weight, or 12 to 15% by weight, of water relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition may comprise from 0 to 5%, or from 5 to 10%, or from 10 to 15%, or from 15 to 20% by weight, of reinforcing fibers, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- composition can also comprise other additives, for example one or more emulsifying agents and / or concrete admixtures, preferably in an amount ranging from 0 to 1% by weight, for example from 0.01 to 1% by weight , relative to the total weight of the composition.
- additives for example one or more emulsifying agents and / or concrete admixtures, preferably in an amount ranging from 0 to 1% by weight, for example from 0.01 to 1% by weight , relative to the total weight of the composition.
- Aggregates consisting of fragments of bituminous mix from the road industry and / or fragments of crushed building material from the construction industry may be present in the composition, for example in an amount from 0 to 10 % by weight, or from 10 to 20% by weight, or from 20 to 30% by weight, or from 30 to 40% by weight, or from 40 to 50% by weight, or from 50 to 60% by weight, or from 60 to 70% by weight, or from 70% to 80% by weight, or from 80% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. Preferably, they are present in an amount of 5 to 60% by weight, or 15 to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- Aggregates comprising, or being composed of, polymers may be present in the composition, preferably in an amount of 0 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 0 to 10% by weight, for example from 0 to 5%, or from 5 to 10%, or from 10 to 15%, or from 15 to 20%, by weight, by relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition essentially consists, or consists, of the composition as described above.
- the composition can be prepared by mixing, in one or more steps, the components.
- the components are mixed using a mixing device of the mixer type.
- the mixing of the components is carried out at ambient temperature but it can alternatively be carried out at a higher temperature, for example if the hydrocarbon binder is introduced hot.
- the petroleum coke is mixed with the aggregates, that is to say it is for example mixed with the coarse aggregates, with the medium aggregates, with the fine aggregates and / or with the fines, and / or with the hydraulic binder, and / or with the hydrocarbon binder and / or with water, and / or with the additives (reinforcing fibers and / or other additives).
- the above components can be introduced into the mixture in any order or all at the same time, or in part at the same time. Some of these components can be premixed before being mixed with the other components.
- the coarse aggregates, the medium aggregates, the fine aggregates and the fines which are mixed to prepare the composition used for the manufacture of a building block are as described above, as regards their nature and their granulometry.
- the petroleum coke is preferably ground prior to mixing with the other components.
- the hydrocarbon binder can be incorporated into the mixture in the form of a hydrocarbon binder in water emulsion.
- Hydrocarbon binder emulsions are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the emulsion comprises from 50 to 90%, preferably from 60 to 85%, by weight of hydrocarbon binder; from 10 to 50%, preferably from 15 to 40%, by weight of water; and optionally one or more emulsifying agents, preferably in an amount of less than 1% by weight, for example from 0.01 to 1% by weight.
- the emulsion preferably has a viscosity ranging from 5 to 500 s (corresponding to the flow time with a 4 mm orifice, at 40 ° C, measured according to standard NF EN 12846-1).
- the emulsion can be prepared just before mixing with the other components or more upstream of the mixing.
- the first case is advantageous since it is then not necessary to obtain an emulsion having a large stability, which makes it possible to decrease the amount of emulsifying agents used, or even their complete elimination.
- the emulsion when the hydrocarbon binder is incorporated into the mixture in the form of an emulsion, the emulsion is introduced at ambient temperature, (that is to say at a temperature of 15 to 30 ° C.), or, alternatively, the emulsion is previously heated to a temperature of up to 90 ° C.
- the introduction of the hydrocarbon binder in the form of an emulsion can make it possible to facilitate the binding of the binder, in particular to petroleum coke.
- the use of a hydrocarbon binder emulsion can make it possible to avoid mixing the binder hot.
- the hydrocarbon binder can also be incorporated into the mixture in pure form. In this case, it is advantageously previously heated to a temperature ranging from 50 to 100 ° C, or, alternatively, to a temperature ranging from 100 to 200 ° C.
- a hydrocarbon binder When a hydrocarbon binder is introduced into the mixture in the form of an emulsion, it is preferably incorporated after the other components, at the end of the mixing step.
- petroleum coke is agglomerated by means of all or part of the hydrocarbon binder prior to its introduction into the mixture.
- the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a building block. This process includes:
- the composition generally loses part of its water, if the initial composition comprises water or a hydrocarbon binder emulsion, typically of the order of 2 to 5% of its initial weight.
- the method of manufacturing the building block can also include a step of compacting the composition in the mold, preferably between the step of supplying the composition in a mold (for example after the introduction of the composition into the mold) and the step of curing the composition.
- the compaction of the composition when it is carried out, is preferably carried out using a stationary press, a vibrating press or a layer.
- the use of vibrations increases compaction.
- Curing is preferably carried out by leaving the composition to stand for several hours, more preferably between 24 and 48 hours.
- the hardening step is carried out at ambient temperature, leaving the composition to stand in ambient air.
- the hardening step can be carried out in an oven.
- the composition dries and solidifies.
- the hydraulic binder, if present, hardens upon hydration and the emulsion, if present, is broken.
- the manufacturing process advantageously comprises a step of demolding the composition, preferably after the compaction step when a compaction step is present, and before that of hardening.
- the demolding step is performed after the hardening step.
- the manufacturing process of the building block in particular for a large, non-prefabricated block, can be implemented on site, for example by means of formwork. Curing and demolding are then carried out on site.
- a composition is prepared by mixing the following components, in the mass quantities indicated:
- the particle sizes of aggregates and petroleum coke are measured according to standard NF EN 933-1.
- composition is then compacted into a cylindrical block of approximately 9 cm in diameter and approximately 4 cm in height, with a weight of approximately 0.5 kg.
- a weight of approximately 0.5 kg.
- a composition is prepared by mixing the following components, in the mass quantities indicated:
- the particle sizes of aggregates and petroleum coke are measured according to standard NF EN 933-1.
- composition is prepared, and then compacted into a cylindrical block of approximately 9 cm in diameter and approximately 4 cm in height, with a weight of approximately 0.5 kg, as described in Example 1.
- composition for the manufacture of a building block is prepared, in the mass quantities indicated:
- the composition is prepared in the manner described in Example 1.
- the building materials described in the examples above comprise a large proportion of petroleum coke and hydrocarbon binder: they therefore represent a very large carbon sink.
- one tonne of the dry final product sequesters about 225 kg of carbon, equivalent to CO2 equivalent of about 800 kg.
- Two plates are prepared respectively from the two mixtures. After setting and drying (hardening) of the plates, the plate without petroleum coke and the plate with petroleum coke have a weight of 1350 g and 1295 g respectively and an approximate density of 1.909 g / cm 3 and of 1.804 g / cm 3 .
- Both plates are tested for their heat transfer property.
- the two plates are placed on an electric heater, as shown in Figure 3.
- a certain volume of water is maintained in a container on the upper face of each of the plates, while the plates are heated together at their underside.
- the temperature of the 2 identical volumes of water on each of the plates is measured over time. The results are shown in Figure 4.
- the rise in water temperature is significantly lower in the case of the plate with petroleum coke than in that of the plate without petroleum coke.
- the thermal conductivity of the plate with petroleum coke is about 18% lower than that of the plate without petroleum coke.
- the plate with petroleum coke therefore has better thermal insulation than the plate without petroleum coke.
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1873122A FR3089985B1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Building block with petroleum coke |
PCT/FR2019/053132 WO2020128312A1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | Construction block comprising petroleum coke |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3898838A1 true EP3898838A1 (en) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=66542389
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19845773.1A Withdrawn EP3898838A1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-17 | Construction block comprising petroleum coke |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210388597A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3898838A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3089985B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020128312A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111995407A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-27 | 遵义汉丰装饰材料有限责任公司 | Fireproof and mildew-proof building block and preparation process thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SU1154299A1 (en) | 1983-03-30 | 1985-05-07 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Бетона И Железобетона Госстроя Ссср | Bitumen composition |
EP2878624B1 (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2016-04-06 | Icopal Danmark A/S | Waterproofing membranes comprising petcoke and method of production |
CN105439632A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-base water permeable brick utilizing sugar filter mud as pore-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-12-18 FR FR1873122A patent/FR3089985B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-17 US US17/416,396 patent/US20210388597A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-17 EP EP19845773.1A patent/EP3898838A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-17 WO PCT/FR2019/053132 patent/WO2020128312A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3089985A1 (en) | 2020-06-19 |
WO2020128312A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
US20210388597A1 (en) | 2021-12-16 |
FR3089985B1 (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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