EP3855487A1 - Component carrier having component covered with ultra-thin transition layer - Google Patents
Component carrier having component covered with ultra-thin transition layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3855487A1 EP3855487A1 EP20217845.5A EP20217845A EP3855487A1 EP 3855487 A1 EP3855487 A1 EP 3855487A1 EP 20217845 A EP20217845 A EP 20217845A EP 3855487 A1 EP3855487 A1 EP 3855487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- transition layer
- layer
- component carrier
- stack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyphenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MSNOMDLPLDYDME-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Au] MSNOMDLPLDYDME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- BSIDXUHWUKTRQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel palladium Chemical compound [Ni].[Pd] BSIDXUHWUKTRQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4644—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by building the multilayer layer by layer, i.e. build-up multilayer circuits
- H05K3/467—Adding a circuit layer by thin film methods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0271—Arrangements for reducing stress or warp in rigid printed circuit boards, e.g. caused by loads, vibrations or differences in thermal expansion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/538—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates
- H01L23/5389—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates the chips being integrally enclosed by the interconnect and support structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/492—Bases or plates or solder therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/065—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00
- H01L25/0657—Stacked arrangements of devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
- H05K1/181—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components associated with surface mounted components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
- H05K1/182—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components associated with components mounted in the printed circuit board, e.g. insert mounted components [IMC]
- H05K1/183—Components mounted in and supported by recessed areas of the printed circuit board
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
- H05K1/182—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components associated with components mounted in the printed circuit board, e.g. insert mounted components [IMC]
- H05K1/185—Components encapsulated in the insulating substrate of the printed circuit or incorporated in internal layers of a multilayer circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/284—Applying non-metallic protective coatings for encapsulating mounted components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/285—Permanent coating compositions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4697—Manufacturing multilayer circuits having cavities, e.g. for mounting components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2225/00—Details relating to assemblies covered by the group H01L25/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2225/03—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00
- H01L2225/04—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00 the devices not having separate containers
- H01L2225/065—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00 the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00
- H01L2225/06503—Stacked arrangements of devices
- H01L2225/06517—Bump or bump-like direct electrical connections from device to substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2225/00—Details relating to assemblies covered by the group H01L25/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2225/03—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00
- H01L2225/04—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00 the devices not having separate containers
- H01L2225/065—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00 the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00
- H01L2225/06503—Stacked arrangements of devices
- H01L2225/06572—Auxiliary carrier between devices, the carrier having an electrical connection structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
- H01L23/3107—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed
- H01L23/3114—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed the device being a chip scale package, e.g. CSP
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/562—Protection against mechanical damage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a component carrier and to a method of manufacturing a component carrier.
- component carriers equipped with one or more electronic components and increasing miniaturization of such components as well as a rising number of components to be mounted on the component carriers such as printed circuit boards
- increasingly more powerful array-like components or packages having several components are being employed, which have a plurality of contacts or connections, with ever smaller spacing between these contacts. Removal of heat generated by such components and the component carrier itself during operation becomes an increasing issue.
- component carriers shall be mechanically robust and electrically reliable so as to be operable even under harsh conditions.
- a method of manufacturing a component carrier comprises providing a laminated stack comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure, at least partially covering a component with a transition layer having a thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and assembling the component with the stack.
- a component carrier comprising a laminated stack comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure, and a component at least partially covered with a transition layer having a thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, wherein the component is assembled with the stack.
- component carrier may particularly denote any support structure which is capable of accommodating one or more components thereon and/or therein for providing mechanical support and/or electrical connectivity.
- a component carrier may be configured as a mechanical and/or electronic carrier for components.
- a component carrier may be one of a printed circuit board, an organic interposer, and an IC (integrated circuit) substrate.
- a component carrier may also be a hybrid board combining different ones of the above-mentioned types of component carriers.
- stack may particularly denote an arrangement of multiple planar layer structures which are mounted in parallel on top of one another.
- layer structure may particularly denote a continuous layer, a patterned layer or a plurality of non-consecutive islands within a common plane.
- component may particularly denote an inlay-type member. Such a component may be arranged in an interior of the stack. A component may in particular have an optical and/or electronic function. For instance, such a component may be a semiconductor die.
- laminateating may particularly denote connecting layer structures, such as layers, by the application of mechanical pressure and/or heat.
- transition layer may particularly denote a planar or curved thin film or other kind of flat structure constituting a material interface between the covered component and its environment, in particular environmental stack material of the component carrier.
- a transition layer may be made of a material functioning as a bridge for promoting mechanical, electrical and/or thermal reliability and/or performance of the component carrier.
- the transition layer may be made of an electrically insulating material and/or of an electrically conductive material.
- the term "thickness of the transition layer” may particularly denote a constant thickness of a transition layer with homogeneous or substantially homogeneous thickness, a maximum thickness of a transition layer (for instance with an inhomogeneous thickness), or an average thickness of a transition layer (for instance with an inhomogeneous thickness).
- a component carrier such as a printed circuit board
- a laminated (i.e. connected by pressure and/or heat) layer stack which includes a component.
- such components are made of substantially different materials (for instance semiconductor materials such as silicon) than material of the stack (for instance copper, resin and optionally reinforcing glass particles).
- stack material(s) and component material(s) may show poor mutual adhesion, different behaviour in the event of temperature changes as well as different mechanical and electrical properties.
- conventional component carriers with assembled component may suffer from undesired phenomena such as warpage, delamination and/or the formation of interior stress and cracks.
- an exemplary embodiment of the invention may sandwich a transition layer, covering at least a portion of the component, between said component and the laminated layer stack of the component carrier.
- the mechanical, electrical and/or thermal reliability of the component carrier may be adjusted and selectively improved by an appropriate selection of the material of the transition layer. Warpage, delamination and/or interior stress may thus be efficiently suppressed. Consequently, a highly reliable component carrier can be provided.
- the transition layer By providing the transition layer with an ultra-small thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, the transition layer may be properly functionally effective but does not add a significant contribution to the overall thickness of the component carrier.
- the component carrier can be manufactured in a compact way.
- such a very small thickness has the consequence that the provision of the transition layer does not fundamentally change the overall properties of the component carrier as a whole (for instance does not involve a further significant mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion to the usually heterogeneous material composition of the component carrier), but is selectively effective in particular locally at the critical interface between component and stack.
- the method comprises covering the component with the transition layer before the assembling.
- Such a procedure is simple and quick, since it may be sufficient to simply coat or immerse an exposed surface of the component into a liquid precursor of the transition layer.
- the method comprises covering the component with the transition layer after the assembling.
- coating of surface mounted components of component carriers may be carried out on panel level. This allows coating on an industrial scale and with high throughput.
- the method comprises carrying out a surface treatment, in particular a roughening, of at least one of at least part of a surface of the component and at least part of a surface of the transition layer.
- said surface treatment may be carried out before the assembling.
- a surface treatment of a component on which the transition layer is to be formed and/or of any exterior surface of the transition layer may be accomplished. This may further increase the reliability of the component carrier.
- Such a surface treatment may for instance be a plasma treatment, which may activate the respective surface.
- surface treatment may involve wet etching. By surface activation, adhesion may be further improved.
- surface treatment may be carried out to increase the roughness of the treated surface. Descriptively speaking, an increase of a connection surface area between component and stack may enhance attractive adhesion forces.
- the method comprises forming the transition layer by at least one of the group consisting of coating, wet process treatment, printing, dispensing and depositing. Other methods of forming the transition layer are possible as well.
- the method comprises forming the transition layer by vapor deposition, in particular by at least one of the group consisting of Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
- PVD denotes vacuum deposition methods which can be used to produce thin films and coatings. PVD is characterized by a process in which the material goes from a condensed phase to a vapor phase and then back to a thin film condensed phase. Examples for PVD processes are sputtering and evaporation.
- CVD denotes a vacuum deposition method which may be used to produce high quality, high-performance, solid materials.
- the component to be covered with a transition layer may be exposed to one or more volatile precursors, which may react and/or decompose on the component surface to produce the desired deposit forming said transition layer.
- one or more volatile precursors which may react and/or decompose on the component surface to produce the desired deposit forming said transition layer.
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the transition layer is configured for promoting adhesion between the component and the stack.
- the transition layer may function as an adhesion promoter. This may efficiently suppress undesired delamination of the laminated layer stack, in particular in the presence of an embedded component.
- the transition layer may be configured for sealing, in particular for hermetically sealing, the component.
- the transition layer may fully circumferentially surround the component and may decouple the component (for instance concerning moisture, concerning electric current and/or with respect to electromagnetic radiation) from an environment.
- the transition layer may be configured for buffering stress between the component and the stack. Descriptively speaking, this may be accomplished by making the transition layer of a material being softer (in particular having a smaller value of the Young modulus) than material of the component body and/or of the surrounding stack.
- a transition layer may serve as a mechanical buffer structure, i.e. as a mechanically relatively flexible or elastic structure. This may render said material highly appropriate for (in particular directly) surrounding an embedded component of the component carrier.
- Such a mechanical buffer structure may have a locally reduced value of the Young modulus and may therefore function as a mechanically damping or force balancing structure, for instance in the event of bending stress. As a result, such a low Young modulus material may also suppress warpage.
- the material of the transition layer may have a value of the Young modulus below 3 GPa, in particular below 1 GPa.
- the component comprises a redistribution layer (which may be arranged on a main surface of the component body) being at least partially covered by the transition layer.
- a redistribution layer or structure may be composed of one or more electrically insulating structures and one or more electrically conductive structures and may function as an electrical and mechanical interface between smaller dimensions relating to pads of the component (for instance a semiconductor chip) and larger dimensions of the component carrier stack, or even of a mounting base (such as a printed circuit board, PCB) on which the component carrier may be mounted.
- a redistribution layer may be coupled with electrically conductive terminals, pads or contacts of the component and may spread them spatially, for instance towards the exterior surface of the stack.
- the transition layer may be used to adjust the properties of the redistribution layer and its relationship with regard to surrounding material of the component carrier.
- transition layer only a part of an exposed surface of the redistribution layer, which part is more prone to stress and/or delamination than another part of the exposed surface of the redistribution layer, is covered by the transition layer.
- just a part of the entire surface i.e. a part that is particularly prone to stress/adhesion problems, may be selectively covered by transition layer.
- a component body (in particular a semiconductor component body) of the component is covered by the transition layer.
- a component body for instance a piece of silicon
- a transition layer interposed between component body and stack may function as a matching structure in between.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the mentioned materials may be significantly different, which may result in thermal stress in the event of temperature changes.
- CTE mismatch may be at least partially compensated by the transition layer in between, which may for instance have a CTE value in between a CTE value of the component body and another CTE value of stack.
- an entire surface of the component is covered by the transition layer.
- only part of the surface of the component may be covered with the transition layer.
- the transition layer comprises a material having hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups.
- a material having hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups may be applied, for instance, by PVD or CVD or ALD. Such materials may function as adhesion promoter.
- the transition layer comprises a material having silane groups.
- silane groups may efficiently promote adhesion between component(s) and stack material.
- the transition layer comprises a material having polyamideimide.
- Polyamideimide components may also have a positive impact on adhesion within the component carrier.
- the transition layer comprises a material having alumina.
- alumina-coated or co-fired layer may be provided.
- the transition layer comprises a material having glass. More specifically, a glass-coated or co-fired layer may be used for forming the transition layer.
- the transition layer comprises a material having a ceramic.
- a toughened ceramic-coated or co-fired layer may be advantageously implemented.
- alumina, SiC whiskers and/or SiC plus graphene fillers may be used.
- the transition layer comprises a material having a resin.
- a surface-mounted component may be properly passivated by a coating of resin.
- the transition layer comprises a material having a metallic compound.
- electrically insulating materials can be used for the transition layer, it is also possible to use electrically conductive materials such as metallic compounds.
- the transition layer comprises Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether and aromatic polyamideimide.
- the transition layer may comprise 60 to 95 weight percent, in particular 80 to 90 weight percent, of Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether.
- the transition layer may comprise 5 to 40 weight percent, in particular 10 to 20 weight percent, of aromatic polyamideimide.
- the transition layer may additionally comprise N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, in particular as an additive. It has turned out to be advantageous that the transition layer is provided with less than 5 weight percent, in particular less than 1 weight percent, of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the mentioned mixture of Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether, aromatic polyamideimide and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone shows excellent properties in terms of adhesion promotion.
- the component is embedded in the stack.
- said embedding may be partially (for instance the component may be inserted in a cavity so that the component still has surface access). It is also possible that the embedding is entirely, i.e. so that the entire component is surrounded by stack material.
- the component may be embedded completely in an interior, i.e. within the stack, or may be arranged in a cavity formed in the stack. Embedding the component in the stack may improve the compactness of the component carrier and may also keep the electric connection paths within the stack short. This may have, in turn, a positive impact on signal transmission quality and may allow to manufacture the component carrier in a space-saving way. Arranging one or more components in a cavity with access to an exterior of the stack may simplify heat removal during operation of the component carrier.
- the component is surface-mounted on the stack. Additionally or alternatively to the above-described interior embedding or cavity-mounting of one or more components in the component carrier, it may also be possible to surface-mount at least one component. Surface-mounting may simplify heat removal from a corresponding component during operation, since such a component may be exposed to an environment of the component carrier which simplifies the heat transfer.
- the thickness of the transition layer is in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm.
- the method may comprise forming the transition layer with a thickness in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm.
- the thickness of the transition layer may be extremely small so that it will not result in a significant increase of the overall space consumption of the component carrier while efficiently fulfilling its function at the transition between the layer-coated component and the surrounding of the component carrier.
- the component carrier comprises a stack of at least one electrically insulating layer structure and at least one electrically conductive layer structure.
- the component carrier may be a laminate of the mentioned electrically insulating layer structure(s) and electrically conductive layer structure(s), in particular formed by applying mechanical pressure and/or thermal energy.
- the mentioned stack may provide a plate-shaped component carrier capable of providing a large mounting surface for further components and being nevertheless very thin and compact.
- layer structure may particularly denote a continuous layer, a patterned layer or a plurality of non-consecutive islands within a common plane.
- the component carrier is shaped as a plate. This contributes to the compact design, wherein the component carrier nevertheless provides a large basis for mounting components thereon. Furthermore, in particular a naked die as example for an embedded electronic component, can be conveniently embedded, thanks to its small thickness, into a thin plate such as a printed circuit board.
- the component carrier is configured as one of the group consisting of a printed circuit board, a substrate (in particular an IC substrate), and an interposer.
- the term "printed circuit board” may particularly denote a plate-shaped component carrier which is formed by laminating several electrically conductive layer structures with several electrically insulating layer structures, for instance by applying pressure and/or by the supply of thermal energy.
- the electrically conductive layer structures are made of copper
- the electrically insulating layer structures may comprise resin and/or glass fibers, so-called prepreg or FR4 material.
- the various electrically conductive layer structures may be connected to one another in a desired way by forming through holes through the laminate, for instance by laser drilling or mechanical drilling, and by filling them with electrically conductive material (in particular copper), thereby forming vias as through hole connections.
- a printed circuit board is usually configured for accommodating one or more components on one or both opposing surfaces of the plate-shaped printed circuit board. They may be connected to the respective main surface by soldering.
- a dielectric part of a PCB may be composed of resin with reinforcing fibers (such as glass fibers).
- a substrate may particularly denote a small component carrier.
- a substrate may be a, in relation to a PCB, comparably small component carrier onto which one or more components may be mounted and that may act as a connection medium between one or more chip(s) and a further PCB.
- a substrate may have substantially the same size as a component (in particular an electronic component) to be mounted thereon (for instance in case of a Chip Size Package (CSP)).
- CSP Chip Size Package
- a substrate can be understood as a carrier for electrical connections or electrical networks as well as component carrier comparable to a printed circuit board (PCB), however with a considerably higher density of laterally and/or vertically arranged connections.
- Lateral connections are for example conductive paths, whereas vertical connections may be for example drill holes.
- These lateral and/or vertical connections are arranged within the substrate and can be used to provide electrical, thermal and/or mechanical connections of housed components or unhoused components (such as bare dies), particularly of IC chips, with a printed circuit board or intermediate printed circuit board.
- the term "substrate” also includes "IC substrates".
- a dielectric part of a substrate may be composed of resin with reinforcing particles (such as reinforcing spheres, in particular glass spheres).
- the substrate or interposer may comprise or consist of at least a layer of glass, silicon (Si) or a photoimageable or dry-etchable organic material like epoxy-based build-up material (such as epoxy-based build-up film) or polymer compounds like polyimide, polybenzoxazole, or benzocyclobutene-functionalized polymers.
- Si silicon
- a photoimageable or dry-etchable organic material like epoxy-based build-up material (such as epoxy-based build-up film) or polymer compounds like polyimide, polybenzoxazole, or benzocyclobutene-functionalized polymers.
- the at least one electrically insulating layer structure comprises at least one of the group consisting of resin (such as reinforced or non-reinforced resins, for instance epoxy resin or bismaleimide-triazine resin), cyanate ester resins, polyphenylene derivate, glass (in particular glass fibers, multi-layer glass, glass-like materials), prepreg material (such as FR-4 or FR-5), polyimide, polyamide, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), epoxy-based build-up film, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon), a ceramic, and a metal oxide.
- Reinforcing structures such as webs, fibers or spheres, for example made of glass (multilayer glass) may be used as well.
- prepreg particularly FR4 are usually preferred for rigid PCBs
- other materials in particular epoxy-based build-up film or photoimageable dielectric material may be used as well.
- high-frequency materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, liquid crystal polymer and/or cyanate ester resins, low temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) or other low, very low or ultra-low DK materials may be implemented in the component carrier as electrically insulating layer structure.
- the at least one electrically conductive layer structures comprises at least one of the group consisting of copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, palladium, and tungsten.
- copper is usually preferred, other materials or coated versions thereof are possible as well, in particular coated with supra-conductive material such as graphene.
- At least one component which can be optionally surface mounted on and/or embedded in the stack, can be selected from a group consisting of an electrically non-conductive inlay, an electrically conductive inlay (such as a metal inlay, preferably comprising copper or aluminum), a heat transfer unit (for example a heat pipe), a light guiding element (for example an optical waveguide or a light conductor connection), an optical element (for instance a lens), an electronic component, or combinations thereof.
- an electrically non-conductive inlay such as a metal inlay, preferably comprising copper or aluminum
- a heat transfer unit for example a heat pipe
- a light guiding element for example an optical waveguide or a light conductor connection
- an optical element for instance a lens
- an electronic component or combinations thereof.
- the component can be an active electronic component, a passive electronic component, an electronic chip, a storage device (for instance a DRAM or another data memory), a filter, an integrated circuit, a signal processing component, a power management component, an optoelectronic interface element, a light emitting diode, a photocoupler, a voltage converter (for example a DC/DC converter or an AC/DC converter), a cryptographic component, a transmitter and/or receiver, an electromechanical transducer, a sensor, an actuator, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), a microprocessor, a capacitor, a resistor, an inductance, a battery, a switch, a camera, an antenna, a logic chip, and an energy harvesting unit.
- a storage device for instance a DRAM or another data memory
- a filter for instance a DRAM or another data memory
- an integrated circuit for instance a DRAM or another data memory
- a signal processing component for instance a DC/DC converter or an AC/DC
- a magnetic element can be used as a component.
- a magnetic element may be a permanent magnetic element (such as a ferromagnetic element, an antiferromagnetic element, a multiferroic element or a ferrimagnetic element, for instance a ferrite core) or may be a paramagnetic element.
- the component may also be a substrate, an interposer or a further component carrier, for example in a board-in-board configuration.
- the component may be surface mounted on the component carrier and/or may be embedded in an interior thereof.
- other components may be used as component.
- the component carrier is a laminate-type component carrier.
- the component carrier is a compound of multiple layer structures which are stacked and connected together by applying a pressing force and/or heat.
- an electrically insulating solder resist may be applied to one or both opposing main surfaces of the layer stack or component carrier in terms of surface treatment. For instance, it is possible to form such as solder resist on an entire main surface and to subsequently pattern the layer of solder resist so as to expose one or more electrically conductive surface portions which shall be used for electrically coupling the component carrier to an electronic periphery. The surface portions of the component carrier remaining covered with solder resist may be efficiently protected against oxidation or corrosion, in particular surface portions containing copper.
- Such a surface finish may be an electrically conductive cover material on exposed electrically conductive layer structures (such as pads, conductive tracks, etc., in particular comprising or consisting of copper) on a surface of a component carrier. If such exposed electrically conductive layer structures are left unprotected, then the exposed electrically conductive component carrier material (in particular copper) might oxidize, making the component carrier less reliable.
- a surface finish may then be formed for instance as an interface between a surface mounted component and the component carrier. The surface finish has the function to protect the exposed electrically conductive layer structures (in particular copper circuitry) and enable a joining process with one or more components, for instance by soldering.
- Examples for appropriate materials for a surface finish are Organic Solderability Preservative (OSP), Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG), gold (in particular Hard Gold), chemical tin, nickel-gold, nickel-palladium, Electroless Nickel Immersion Palladium Immersion Gold (ENIPIG), etc.
- OSP Organic Solderability Preservative
- ENIG Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold
- Au gold
- Hard Gold Gold
- chemical tin nickel-gold, nickel-palladium
- ENIPIG Electroless Nickel Immersion Palladium Immersion Gold
- a component carrier which embeds, packages and/or surface mounts at least one component which may be made subject to coating and/or surface treatment. More specifically, it may be possible to create a transition layer on the component before or after placement of the component on or in the stack of a component carrier, which may be configured as package carrier printed circuit board (PCB).
- PCB package carrier printed circuit board
- such additional transition layer may serve for one more of the following purposes:
- the transition layer may be configured to reduce or solve a risk of separation of the component from the encapsulating layer stack. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible to configure the transition layer to at least reduce a localized stress concentration by eliminating micro fractures and micro separation from specific areas of one or more (for instance active and/or passive) components, sensors, interposers, etc. Moreover, it may also be possible to configure the transition layer for improving adhesion between resin of the layer stack and a surface of the component. Apart from this, it may be possible to configure the transition layer to increase the reliability of the component carrier by providing a hermetic sealing of the component.
- exemplary embodiments of the invention may improve the freedom to embed different sizes and shapes of components. Furthermore, it may be possible to improve a stress distribution by inducing improvement upon high thermal, mechanical and electrical properties. In particular, it may be possible to achieve a reliable behaviour even in a harsh environment, avoiding stress concentration and crack propagation and a path for electrochemical migration.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a manufacturing architecture of introducing an additional transition layer on a component surface prior and/or after the placement of the component on or in a component carrier stack (in particular in the context of an embedded PCB carrier system).
- exemplary embodiments of the invention may enable the design of (in particular embedded) packages with very high adhesion properties to encapsulated components.
- this may result in a pronounced reliability improvement, in particular in terms of thermal reliability, chemical reliability, mechanical reliability and/or electrical reliability.
- a surface optimized component may be processed for encapsulation in dielectric material.
- a modified component surface may provide available functional groups for further improved adhesion strength with respect to encapsulating material of the laminated layer stack.
- a surface modification can be induced by a treatment to promote the extent of functional groups. This may encompass component surface in situ functionalization, but also by coating the component with coating material that has good bonding stress to component and to encapsulant.
- the above-mentioned transition layer may also be configured to have properties that allow further functionalization for optimized bonding.
- a coating material which may be used for forming said transition layer can be polymeric, ceramic, metallic and/or any combination of these to fulfil different application-specific requirements.
- a modified component surface may be configured to provide increased functional groups, increased wettability, increased surface energy, etc.
- the transition layer may also provide an extended thickness for elastic or plastic absorption of periodic or environmental stress variation in order to decrease the stress concentration on component edges, or other areas with peak stress. Furthermore, the transition layer may function as a localized shock absorber.
- partial or complete component surface modification and/or coating may be possible.
- a component carrier with improved reliability may be obtained, in particular in the context of embedded packages.
- a more reliable adhesion performance of an embedded part of a component carrier may be achieved. Indeed, surface optimization may further improve the bonding stress and may have the opportunity to locally redistribute the stress by increasing the bonding in treated areas. In embodiments, adhesion properties may be better, and the thermal, mechanical and electrical reliability may be improved. Engineering and specific design to distress certain areas of the component may be implemented as well. In particular, it may be possible to locally or globally improve a thermomechanical behaviour, and a delamination risk may be strongly suppressed.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention can be implemented in terms of manufacturing technologies such as center core embedding, surface mounting, etc.
- Embodiments of the invention may enable the manufacture of highly reliable embedded packages with reasonable effort.
- said manufacturing architecture is compatible with the embedding of components of any desired size and/or shape. Further advantages are a high achievable yield and a high freedom of selecting appropriate materials.
- the produced components to be encapsulated (in particular totally or partially, with embedding or underfill) may show high mechanical, thermal and electrical reliability.
- Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component carrier 100 with an embedded component 108 covered with a transition layer 110 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Stack 102 of component carrier 100 may be a plate-shaped laminate-type layer stack composed of a plurality of electrically conductive layer structures 104 and a plurality of electrically insulating layer structures 106.
- the electrically conductive layer structures 104 may comprise patterned copper foils and vertical through connections, for example copper filled laser vias.
- the electrically insulating layer structures 106 may comprise a resin (such as epoxy resin) and optionally reinforcing particles therein (for instance glass fibers or glass spheres).
- the electrically insulating layer structures 106 may be made of FR4 or ABF.
- the thick central electrically insulating layer structure 106 may be a fully cured core.
- component 108 for instance a semiconductor chip
- a cavity (not shown) formed in the layer stack 102.
- the above-mentioned cavity may be defined by a through-hole in the thick central electrically insulating layer structure 106 of the stack 102 which may be closed on a bottom side by attaching a temporary carrier (not shown) to a lower main surface of the core.
- the temporary carrier may for instance be a sticky tape.
- the component 108 with (here downwardly protruding) pads 150 may be attached with direct physical contact on the temporary carrier in the cavity.
- the function of the temporary carrier is to provide stability as long as the component 108 is not yet fixated (for instance glued) in place within the cavity.
- the component carrier 100 shown in Figure 1 can then be obtained by laminating one or more further electrically insulating layer structures 106 and one or more further electrically conductive layer structures 104 to the upper main surface of the central electrically insulating layer structure 106 accommodating component 108.
- a prepreg layer (as further electrically insulating layer structure 106) and one or more copper foils (as further electrically conductive layer structure 104) may be laminated on top.
- uncured material of the further electrically insulating layer structure 106 may become flowable or melt and may flow in gaps between stack 102, temporary carrier and component 108.
- filling medium in said gaps may become solid.
- component 108 in place in the cavity formed in stack 102 by filling liquid adhesive material in the gaps in between. Upon curing said adhesive material, the component 108 is again glued in place in the cavity.
- the temporary carrier After having glued the component 108 in place within the cavity and thus having provided an integral connection with stack 102, the temporary carrier may be removed. When the temporary carrier is a sticky tape, it may be simply peeled off from the lower main surface of the obtained structure.
- One or more further electrically conductive layer structures 104 and electrically insulating layer structures 106 may be connected to and/or formed at the lower surface of the obtained structure to thereby obtain stack 102 as shown in Figure 1 .
- the illustrated component carrier 100 having laminated stack 102 of electrically conductive layer structures 104 and electrically insulating layer structures 106 with embedded component 108 is obtained.
- the embedded component 108 of the component carrier 100 according to Figure 1 is fully circumferentially covered with a surrounding transition layer 110.
- a material of the transition layer 110 may be configured for promoting adhesion between the component 108 and the surrounding material of the laminated layer stack 102 (for instance by providing the transition layer 110 with hydroxyl groups and/or silane groups). This may reduce the tendency of delamination of the constituents of component carrier 100.
- the material of the transition layer 110 may be configured for hermetically sealing the component 108 with respect to surrounding material of laminated layer stack 102 (for instance by providing the transition layer 110 of a sealing varnish or a plastic layer). For instance, component 108 may thereby be protected against any undesired migration or diffusion of material, for instance moisture.
- the material of the transition layer 110 is configured for buffering stress between the component 108 and the stack 102 (for instance by providing the transition layer 110 from a material comprising a soft epoxy resin).
- the transition layer 110 may for instance be made of a soft material, for instance having a value of the Young modulus of not more than 3 GPa.
- the transition layer 110 may also be configured for at least partially compensating a CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) mismatch between material of the component 108 (for instance a semiconductor material such as silicon, when component 108 is embodied as semiconductor chip) and the materials of the stack 102 (such as organic resin, glass and copper).
- the transition layer 110 may comprise hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups, silane groups, polyamideimide, alumina, glass, a ceramic, a resin and/or a metallic compound in order to obtain one or more of the above described functionalizations. It may be particularly preferred in terms of an extremely efficient adhesion promotion, that the transition layer 110 comprises 80 to 90 weight percent of Bis2-methoxyethylether, 10 to 20 weight percent of aromatic polyamideimide, and less than 1 weight percent of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (wherein a person skilled in the art will understand that the sum of all constituents of the transition layer 110 is always 100 weight percent).
- an exposed surface of a semiconductor component body 118 of the embedded component 108 is covered by the transition layer 110, as well as part of its pads 150.
- the transition layer 110 covers the entire surface of the component 108 except for the locations of the through vias contacting the component pads 150. More generally, an entire surface of the component 108 except for three sub-portions relating to component pads 150 being directly electrically connected to part of the electrically conductive layer structures 104 is covered by the transition layer 110.
- a thickness D of the transition layer 110 may be substantially homogeneous and may be preferably in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm, for instance about 10 nm. Such an ultra-thin transition layer 110 may be properly functionally effective in suppressing delamination and warpage, but does not add a significant contribution to the overall thickness of the consequently highly compact component carrier 100. Moreover, the presence of the transition layer 110 keeps the overall properties of the component carrier 100 substantially unchanged and fulfils its task of promoting adhesion, suppressing delamination and reducing warpage specifically in a limited region around the most critical interface between the embedded component 108 (which may be substantially made of silicon) and the laminated layer stack 102 (which may be composed of epoxy resin, glass fibers and copper structures).
- the component 108 may be covered with the transition layer 110 before its embedding in stack 102, i.e. before placing component 108 in the above-mentioned cavity.
- transition layer 110 functioning as additional adhesion promoter layer may be advantageously applied prior to the embedding process.
- the transition layer 110 is created by vapor deposition, such as Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), or by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).
- the surface of the component body 118 (before covering it with the transition layer 110) and/or the surface of the transition layer 110 (after being formed to cover the component body 118) may be made subject of a surface treatment, such as roughening by plasma etching or by wet etching.
- a surface treatment such as roughening by plasma etching or by wet etching.
- the material properties and the surface properties of the transition layer 110 may both contribute to an excellent adhesion with component carrier 100.
- exemplary embodiments of the invention may be manufactured with very different component packaging methods and/or may be used for very different embedding applications.
- the embodiment of Figure 1 only demonstrates an example of a center core embedding process.
- Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component carrier 100 with an embedded first component 108 covered with a transition layer 110 and with a surface-mounted second component 108 covered with a further transition layer 110 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- first component 108 is embedded within stack 102
- second component 108 is surface mounted on an exterior main surface of stack 102.
- Said first component 108 may be embedded in stack 102 in a way as described above referring to Figure 1 .
- Said second component 108 is surface-mounted on the stack 102 by establishing a solder connection using solder structures 152 between stack 102 and second component 108.
- the second component 108 is provided with a transition layer 110 covering substantially the entire exterior exposed surface of the second component 108.
- formation of the transition layer 110 of the second component 108 may be accomplished after surface mounting second component 108 on top of stack 102.
- the function of the transition layer 110 of the second component 108 may be the same or another one as that of the transition layer 110 of the first component 108.
- Figure 2 illustrates that exemplary embodiments of the invention may be also implemented in terms of surface mounting or connection applications where the component surface is activated or coated, for instance with resin, ceramic or metallic compounds.
- FIG. 3 to Figure 6 various embodiments of components 108 covered with different kinds of transition layers 110 will be described. Any of these surface covered components 108 may be embedded in a laminated layer stack 102 (for instance as shown in Figure 1 ) or may be surface mounted on a laminate in layer stack 102 (for instance as shown in Figure 2 ).
- FIG. 3 to Figure 6 shows a corresponding component 108 before and after being covered with the respective transition layer 110, wherein a respective arrow 154 schematically illustrates the surface covering process.
- Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component 108 with a transition layer 110 on dielectric material 114 of a redistribution layer 112 of the component 108 (and optionally also on a component body 118 of the component 108) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- component 108 illustrated in Figure 3 is provided with a redistribution layer 112 arranged at a bottom surface of the component 108.
- Said redistribution layer 112 may serve as an electric interface providing a transition between small dimensions of pads (compare reference sign 150 in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , not shown but also present in Figure 3 ) of the semiconductor chip world and larger pads or traces of the world of the (in particular PCB-type) component carrier 100.
- the redistribution layer 112 is composed of electrically conductive sections as well as dielectric sections.
- the dielectric sections in the redistribution layer 112 corresponds to dielectric material 114.
- the electrically conductive sections include the electrically conductive material 116 shown in Figure 3 (and correspondingly in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 ). However, the electrically conductive sections also include electrically conductive portions within the layer denoted with reference sign 114 spacing the illustrated electrically conductive material 116 from the component body 118.
- the height region corresponding to dielectric material 114 is not fully dielectric, but it also includes (not illustrated) electrically conductive portions which support electrical conductivity between electrically conductive material 116 and component body 118, more specifically pads 150 thereof. Said electrically conductive portions within dielectric material 114 are however not exposed and therefore not covered with a transition layer 110.
- the redistribution layer 112 is only partially covered by the transition layer 110.
- dielectric material 114 for example polyimide
- the dielectric portion of the redistribution layer 112 may be selectively coated or activated.
- the illustrated exposed surface of the component body 118 is also coated with a transition layer 110 and/or is activated (for instance surface activated, for example by a plasma treatment for increasing surface roughness).
- Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component 108 with a transition layer 110 on connection pads of redistribution layer 112 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- component connection terminals are selectively coated or activated according to Figure 4 .
- the component terminals may be coated or activated by a chemical or by a CVD and/or PVD process to increase adhesion.
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the part of the transition layer 110 which is not located on an exposed surface of electrically conductive material 116 according to detail 162 can optionally be omitted (even though displayed in the detail 162 of Figure 4 ).
- Said optional part of the transition layer 110 may for instance be formed on the (not illustrated) electrically conductive portions of the redistribution layer 112 within the layer relating to dielectric material 114.
- the transition layer 110 coating only the connection terminals can be applied on at least one, several or all sides of the connection terminal surface.
- the option of covering any side of the electrically conductive material 116 except the innermost side is particularly simple.
- Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component 108 with a transition layer 110 on a complete redistribution layer 112 according to still another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 illustrates component connection terminals being embedded in the redistribution layer 112, or in other material. A full coating or coverage of redistribution layer 112 is thereby established over all the terminals, for instance to prevent oxidation and/or to increase adhesion.
- Figure 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component 108 being completely surrounded by a hermetically sealing transition layer 110 according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the embodiment of Figure 6 therefore relates to a component 108 being completely coated by resin.
- resin or primer resin or another polymer system it may be possible to significantly increase the adhesion and thereby the reliability of the component carrier 100 with said component 108.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a component carrier and to a method of manufacturing a component carrier.
- In the context of growing product functionalities of component carriers equipped with one or more electronic components and increasing miniaturization of such components as well as a rising number of components to be mounted on the component carriers such as printed circuit boards, increasingly more powerful array-like components or packages having several components are being employed, which have a plurality of contacts or connections, with ever smaller spacing between these contacts. Removal of heat generated by such components and the component carrier itself during operation becomes an increasing issue. At the same time, component carriers shall be mechanically robust and electrically reliable so as to be operable even under harsh conditions.
- Assembling a component on and/or in a component carrier with low effort while reliably ensuring the functionality of the component is still difficult.
- It is an object of the invention to assemble a component with a component carrier with high reliability. The object is solved by the subject-matter according to the independent claims.
- According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a method of manufacturing a component carrier is provided, wherein the method comprises providing a laminated stack comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure, at least partially covering a component with a transition layer having a thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 µm, and assembling the component with the stack.
- According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a component carrier is provided, wherein the component carrier comprises a laminated stack comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure, and a component at least partially covered with a transition layer having a thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 µm, wherein the component is assembled with the stack.
- In the context of the present application, the term "component carrier" may particularly denote any support structure which is capable of accommodating one or more components thereon and/or therein for providing mechanical support and/or electrical connectivity. In other words, a component carrier may be configured as a mechanical and/or electronic carrier for components. In particular, a component carrier may be one of a printed circuit board, an organic interposer, and an IC (integrated circuit) substrate. A component carrier may also be a hybrid board combining different ones of the above-mentioned types of component carriers.
- In the context of the present application, the term "stack" may particularly denote an arrangement of multiple planar layer structures which are mounted in parallel on top of one another.
- In the context of the present application, the term "layer structure" may particularly denote a continuous layer, a patterned layer or a plurality of non-consecutive islands within a common plane.
- In the context of the present application, the term "component" may particularly denote an inlay-type member. Such a component may be arranged in an interior of the stack. A component may in particular have an optical and/or electronic function. For instance, such a component may be a semiconductor die.
- In the context of the present application, the term "laminating" may particularly denote connecting layer structures, such as layers, by the application of mechanical pressure and/or heat.
- In the context of the present application, the term "transition layer" may particularly denote a planar or curved thin film or other kind of flat structure constituting a material interface between the covered component and its environment, in particular environmental stack material of the component carrier. Such a transition layer may be made of a material functioning as a bridge for promoting mechanical, electrical and/or thermal reliability and/or performance of the component carrier. The transition layer may be made of an electrically insulating material and/or of an electrically conductive material.
- In the context of the present application, the term "thickness of the transition layer" may particularly denote a constant thickness of a transition layer with homogeneous or substantially homogeneous thickness, a maximum thickness of a transition layer (for instance with an inhomogeneous thickness), or an average thickness of a transition layer (for instance with an inhomogeneous thickness).
- According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a component carrier (such as a printed circuit board) is provided having a laminated (i.e. connected by pressure and/or heat) layer stack which includes a component. In many cases, such components are made of substantially different materials (for instance semiconductor materials such as silicon) than material of the stack (for instance copper, resin and optionally reinforcing glass particles). Hence, stack material(s) and component material(s) may show poor mutual adhesion, different behaviour in the event of temperature changes as well as different mechanical and electrical properties. As a result, conventional component carriers with assembled component may suffer from undesired phenomena such as warpage, delamination and/or the formation of interior stress and cracks. Highly advantageously, an exemplary embodiment of the invention may sandwich a transition layer, covering at least a portion of the component, between said component and the laminated layer stack of the component carrier. As a result, the mechanical, electrical and/or thermal reliability of the component carrier may be adjusted and selectively improved by an appropriate selection of the material of the transition layer. Warpage, delamination and/or interior stress may thus be efficiently suppressed. Consequently, a highly reliable component carrier can be provided. By providing the transition layer with an ultra-small thickness in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 µm, the transition layer may be properly functionally effective but does not add a significant contribution to the overall thickness of the component carrier. Thus, the component carrier can be manufactured in a compact way. At the same time, such a very small thickness has the consequence that the provision of the transition layer does not fundamentally change the overall properties of the component carrier as a whole (for instance does not involve a further significant mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion to the usually heterogeneous material composition of the component carrier), but is selectively effective in particular locally at the critical interface between component and stack.
- In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the method and the component carrier will be explained.
- In an embodiment, the method comprises covering the component with the transition layer before the assembling. Such a procedure is simple and quick, since it may be sufficient to simply coat or immerse an exposed surface of the component into a liquid precursor of the transition layer.
- In another embodiment, the method comprises covering the component with the transition layer after the assembling. For instance, coating of surface mounted components of component carriers may be carried out on panel level. This allows coating on an industrial scale and with high throughput.
- In an embodiment, the method comprises carrying out a surface treatment, in particular a roughening, of at least one of at least part of a surface of the component and at least part of a surface of the transition layer. In particular, said surface treatment may be carried out before the assembling. In particular in addition to a coating procedure, a surface treatment of a component on which the transition layer is to be formed and/or of any exterior surface of the transition layer may be accomplished. This may further increase the reliability of the component carrier. Such a surface treatment may for instance be a plasma treatment, which may activate the respective surface. Additionally or alternatively, surface treatment may involve wet etching. By surface activation, adhesion may be further improved. In particular, surface treatment may be carried out to increase the roughness of the treated surface. Descriptively speaking, an increase of a connection surface area between component and stack may enhance attractive adhesion forces.
- In an embodiment, the method comprises forming the transition layer by at least one of the group consisting of coating, wet process treatment, printing, dispensing and depositing. Other methods of forming the transition layer are possible as well.
- In an embodiment, the method comprises forming the transition layer by vapor deposition, in particular by at least one of the group consisting of Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). PVD denotes vacuum deposition methods which can be used to produce thin films and coatings. PVD is characterized by a process in which the material goes from a condensed phase to a vapor phase and then back to a thin film condensed phase. Examples for PVD processes are sputtering and evaporation. CVD denotes a vacuum deposition method which may be used to produce high quality, high-performance, solid materials. In CVD, the component to be covered with a transition layer may be exposed to one or more volatile precursors, which may react and/or decompose on the component surface to produce the desired deposit forming said transition layer. In particular for very small thicknesses, is also possible to create the transition layer by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).
- In an embodiment, the transition layer is configured for promoting adhesion between the component and the stack. In other words, the transition layer may function as an adhesion promoter. This may efficiently suppress undesired delamination of the laminated layer stack, in particular in the presence of an embedded component.
- Additionally or alternatively, the transition layer may be configured for sealing, in particular for hermetically sealing, the component. In other words, the transition layer may fully circumferentially surround the component and may decouple the component (for instance concerning moisture, concerning electric current and/or with respect to electromagnetic radiation) from an environment.
- Further additionally or alternatively, the transition layer may be configured for buffering stress between the component and the stack. Descriptively speaking, this may be accomplished by making the transition layer of a material being softer (in particular having a smaller value of the Young modulus) than material of the component body and/or of the surrounding stack. Such a transition layer may serve as a mechanical buffer structure, i.e. as a mechanically relatively flexible or elastic structure. This may render said material highly appropriate for (in particular directly) surrounding an embedded component of the component carrier. Such a mechanical buffer structure may have a locally reduced value of the Young modulus and may therefore function as a mechanically damping or force balancing structure, for instance in the event of bending stress. As a result, such a low Young modulus material may also suppress warpage. In particular, the material of the transition layer may have a value of the Young modulus below 3 GPa, in particular below 1 GPa.
- In an embodiment, the component comprises a redistribution layer (which may be arranged on a main surface of the component body) being at least partially covered by the transition layer. A redistribution layer or structure may be composed of one or more electrically insulating structures and one or more electrically conductive structures and may function as an electrical and mechanical interface between smaller dimensions relating to pads of the component (for instance a semiconductor chip) and larger dimensions of the component carrier stack, or even of a mounting base (such as a printed circuit board, PCB) on which the component carrier may be mounted. Such a redistribution layer may be coupled with electrically conductive terminals, pads or contacts of the component and may spread them spatially, for instance towards the exterior surface of the stack.
- In an embodiment, only dielectric material of the redistribution layer is selectively covered by the transition layer. Such an embodiment is shown in
Figure 3 . Alternatively, only electrically conductive material of the redistribution layer may be selectively covered by the transition layer.Figure 4 describes such an embodiment. Still alternatively, an entire or substantially an entire exposed surface of the redistribution layer may be covered by the transition layer. A corresponding embodiment is shown inFigure 5 . Hence, the transition layer may be used to adjust the properties of the redistribution layer and its relationship with regard to surrounding material of the component carrier. In yet another embodiment, only a part of an exposed surface of the redistribution layer, which part is more prone to stress and/or delamination than another part of the exposed surface of the redistribution layer, is covered by the transition layer. Thus, just a part of the entire surface, i.e. a part that is particularly prone to stress/adhesion problems, may be selectively covered by transition layer. - In an embodiment, a component body (in particular a semiconductor component body) of the component is covered by the transition layer. Since a component body (for instance a piece of silicon) may have substantially different physical properties than organic stack material and copper, a transition layer interposed between component body and stack may function as a matching structure in between. For instance, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the mentioned materials may be significantly different, which may result in thermal stress in the event of temperature changes. Such a CTE mismatch may be at least partially compensated by the transition layer in between, which may for instance have a CTE value in between a CTE value of the component body and another CTE value of stack.
- In an embodiment, an entire surface of the component is covered by the transition layer. Alternatively, only part of the surface of the component may be covered with the transition layer.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups. Such materials may be applied, for instance, by PVD or CVD or ALD. Such materials may function as adhesion promoter.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having silane groups. In particular, bi-functional or multi-functional silane groups may efficiently promote adhesion between component(s) and stack material.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having polyamideimide. Polyamideimide components may also have a positive impact on adhesion within the component carrier.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having alumina. For instance, an alumina-coated or co-fired layer may be provided.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having glass. More specifically, a glass-coated or co-fired layer may be used for forming the transition layer.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having a ceramic. In particular, a toughened ceramic-coated or co-fired layer may be advantageously implemented. For instance, alumina, SiC whiskers and/or SiC plus graphene fillers may be used.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having a resin. In particular, a surface-mounted component may be properly passivated by a coating of resin.
- In an embodiment, the transition layer comprises a material having a metallic compound. Thus, not only electrically insulating materials can be used for the transition layer, it is also possible to use electrically conductive materials such as metallic compounds.
- In a preferred embodiment, the transition layer comprises Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether and aromatic polyamideimide. In particular, the transition layer may comprise 60 to 95 weight percent, in particular 80 to 90 weight percent, of Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether. Correspondingly, the transition layer may comprise 5 to 40 weight percent, in particular 10 to 20 weight percent, of aromatic polyamideimide. Highly advantageously, the transition layer may additionally comprise N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, in particular as an additive. It has turned out to be advantageous that the transition layer is provided with less than 5 weight percent, in particular less than 1 weight percent, of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The mentioned mixture of Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether, aromatic polyamideimide and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone shows excellent properties in terms of adhesion promotion.
- In an embodiment, the component is embedded in the stack. In particular, said embedding may be partially (for instance the component may be inserted in a cavity so that the component still has surface access). It is also possible that the embedding is entirely, i.e. so that the entire component is surrounded by stack material. In particular, the component may be embedded completely in an interior, i.e. within the stack, or may be arranged in a cavity formed in the stack. Embedding the component in the stack may improve the compactness of the component carrier and may also keep the electric connection paths within the stack short. This may have, in turn, a positive impact on signal transmission quality and may allow to manufacture the component carrier in a space-saving way. Arranging one or more components in a cavity with access to an exterior of the stack may simplify heat removal during operation of the component carrier.
- In another embodiment, the component is surface-mounted on the stack. Additionally or alternatively to the above-described interior embedding or cavity-mounting of one or more components in the component carrier, it may also be possible to surface-mount at least one component. Surface-mounting may simplify heat removal from a corresponding component during operation, since such a component may be exposed to an environment of the component carrier which simplifies the heat transfer.
- In an embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer is in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm. Correspondingly, the method may comprise forming the transition layer with a thickness in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm. Hence, the thickness of the transition layer may be extremely small so that it will not result in a significant increase of the overall space consumption of the component carrier while efficiently fulfilling its function at the transition between the layer-coated component and the surrounding of the component carrier.
- In an embodiment, the component carrier comprises a stack of at least one electrically insulating layer structure and at least one electrically conductive layer structure. For example, the component carrier may be a laminate of the mentioned electrically insulating layer structure(s) and electrically conductive layer structure(s), in particular formed by applying mechanical pressure and/or thermal energy. The mentioned stack may provide a plate-shaped component carrier capable of providing a large mounting surface for further components and being nevertheless very thin and compact. The term "layer structure" may particularly denote a continuous layer, a patterned layer or a plurality of non-consecutive islands within a common plane.
- In an embodiment, the component carrier is shaped as a plate. This contributes to the compact design, wherein the component carrier nevertheless provides a large basis for mounting components thereon. Furthermore, in particular a naked die as example for an embedded electronic component, can be conveniently embedded, thanks to its small thickness, into a thin plate such as a printed circuit board.
- In an embodiment, the component carrier is configured as one of the group consisting of a printed circuit board, a substrate (in particular an IC substrate), and an interposer.
- In the context of the present application, the term "printed circuit board" (PCB) may particularly denote a plate-shaped component carrier which is formed by laminating several electrically conductive layer structures with several electrically insulating layer structures, for instance by applying pressure and/or by the supply of thermal energy. As preferred materials for PCB technology, the electrically conductive layer structures are made of copper, whereas the electrically insulating layer structures may comprise resin and/or glass fibers, so-called prepreg or FR4 material. The various electrically conductive layer structures may be connected to one another in a desired way by forming through holes through the laminate, for instance by laser drilling or mechanical drilling, and by filling them with electrically conductive material (in particular copper), thereby forming vias as through hole connections. Apart from one or more components which may be embedded in a printed circuit board, a printed circuit board is usually configured for accommodating one or more components on one or both opposing surfaces of the plate-shaped printed circuit board. They may be connected to the respective main surface by soldering. A dielectric part of a PCB may be composed of resin with reinforcing fibers (such as glass fibers).
- In the context of the present application, the term "substrate" may particularly denote a small component carrier. A substrate may be a, in relation to a PCB, comparably small component carrier onto which one or more components may be mounted and that may act as a connection medium between one or more chip(s) and a further PCB. For instance, a substrate may have substantially the same size as a component (in particular an electronic component) to be mounted thereon (for instance in case of a Chip Size Package (CSP)). More specifically, a substrate can be understood as a carrier for electrical connections or electrical networks as well as component carrier comparable to a printed circuit board (PCB), however with a considerably higher density of laterally and/or vertically arranged connections. Lateral connections are for example conductive paths, whereas vertical connections may be for example drill holes. These lateral and/or vertical connections are arranged within the substrate and can be used to provide electrical, thermal and/or mechanical connections of housed components or unhoused components (such as bare dies), particularly of IC chips, with a printed circuit board or intermediate printed circuit board. Thus, the term "substrate" also includes "IC substrates". A dielectric part of a substrate may be composed of resin with reinforcing particles (such as reinforcing spheres, in particular glass spheres).
- The substrate or interposer may comprise or consist of at least a layer of glass, silicon (Si) or a photoimageable or dry-etchable organic material like epoxy-based build-up material (such as epoxy-based build-up film) or polymer compounds like polyimide, polybenzoxazole, or benzocyclobutene-functionalized polymers.
- In an embodiment, the at least one electrically insulating layer structure comprises at least one of the group consisting of resin (such as reinforced or non-reinforced resins, for instance epoxy resin or bismaleimide-triazine resin), cyanate ester resins, polyphenylene derivate, glass (in particular glass fibers, multi-layer glass, glass-like materials), prepreg material (such as FR-4 or FR-5), polyimide, polyamide, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), epoxy-based build-up film, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon), a ceramic, and a metal oxide. Reinforcing structures such as webs, fibers or spheres, for example made of glass (multilayer glass) may be used as well. Although prepreg particularly FR4 are usually preferred for rigid PCBs, other materials in particular epoxy-based build-up film or photoimageable dielectric material may be used as well. For high frequency applications, high-frequency materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, liquid crystal polymer and/or cyanate ester resins, low temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) or other low, very low or ultra-low DK materials may be implemented in the component carrier as electrically insulating layer structure.
- In an embodiment, the at least one electrically conductive layer structures comprises at least one of the group consisting of copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, palladium, and tungsten. Although copper is usually preferred, other materials or coated versions thereof are possible as well, in particular coated with supra-conductive material such as graphene.
- At least one component, which can be optionally surface mounted on and/or embedded in the stack, can be selected from a group consisting of an electrically non-conductive inlay, an electrically conductive inlay (such as a metal inlay, preferably comprising copper or aluminum), a heat transfer unit (for example a heat pipe), a light guiding element (for example an optical waveguide or a light conductor connection), an optical element (for instance a lens), an electronic component, or combinations thereof. For example, the component can be an active electronic component, a passive electronic component, an electronic chip, a storage device (for instance a DRAM or another data memory), a filter, an integrated circuit, a signal processing component, a power management component, an optoelectronic interface element, a light emitting diode, a photocoupler, a voltage converter (for example a DC/DC converter or an AC/DC converter), a cryptographic component, a transmitter and/or receiver, an electromechanical transducer, a sensor, an actuator, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), a microprocessor, a capacitor, a resistor, an inductance, a battery, a switch, a camera, an antenna, a logic chip, and an energy harvesting unit. However, other components may be embedded in the component carrier. For example, a magnetic element can be used as a component. Such a magnetic element may be a permanent magnetic element (such as a ferromagnetic element, an antiferromagnetic element, a multiferroic element or a ferrimagnetic element, for instance a ferrite core) or may be a paramagnetic element. However, the component may also be a substrate, an interposer or a further component carrier, for example in a board-in-board configuration. The component may be surface mounted on the component carrier and/or may be embedded in an interior thereof. Moreover, also other components, may be used as component.
- In an embodiment, the component carrier is a laminate-type component carrier. In such an embodiment, the component carrier is a compound of multiple layer structures which are stacked and connected together by applying a pressing force and/or heat.
- After processing interior layer structures of the component carrier, it is possible to cover (in particular by lamination) one or both opposing main surfaces of the processed layer structures symmetrically or asymmetrically with one or more further electrically insulating layer structures and/or electrically conductive layer structures. In other words, a build-up may be continued until a desired number of layers is obtained
- After having completed formation of a stack of electrically insulating layer structures and electrically conductive layer structures, it is possible to proceed with a surface treatment of the obtained layers structures or component carrier.
- In particular, an electrically insulating solder resist may be applied to one or both opposing main surfaces of the layer stack or component carrier in terms of surface treatment. For instance, it is possible to form such as solder resist on an entire main surface and to subsequently pattern the layer of solder resist so as to expose one or more electrically conductive surface portions which shall be used for electrically coupling the component carrier to an electronic periphery. The surface portions of the component carrier remaining covered with solder resist may be efficiently protected against oxidation or corrosion, in particular surface portions containing copper.
- It is also possible to apply a surface finish selectively to exposed electrically conductive surface portions of the component carrier in terms of surface treatment. Such a surface finish may be an electrically conductive cover material on exposed electrically conductive layer structures (such as pads, conductive tracks, etc., in particular comprising or consisting of copper) on a surface of a component carrier. If such exposed electrically conductive layer structures are left unprotected, then the exposed electrically conductive component carrier material (in particular copper) might oxidize, making the component carrier less reliable. A surface finish may then be formed for instance as an interface between a surface mounted component and the component carrier. The surface finish has the function to protect the exposed electrically conductive layer structures (in particular copper circuitry) and enable a joining process with one or more components, for instance by soldering. Examples for appropriate materials for a surface finish are Organic Solderability Preservative (OSP), Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG), gold (in particular Hard Gold), chemical tin, nickel-gold, nickel-palladium, Electroless Nickel Immersion Palladium Immersion Gold (ENIPIG), etc.
- The aspects defined above and further aspects of the invention are apparent from the examples of embodiment to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to these examples of embodiment.
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Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component carrier with an embedded component covered with a transition layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. -
Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component carrier with a surface-mounted component covered with a transition layer according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, wherein this embodiment also comprises a further component being covered and embedded in a similar way as shown inFigure 1 . -
Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component with a transition layer on dielectric material of a redistribution layer and/or on a component body according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. -
Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component with a transition layer on connection pads according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. -
Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component with a transition layer substantially on a complete exposed surface of a redistribution layer according to still another exemplary embodiment of the invention. -
Figure 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a component being completely surrounded by a hermetically sealing transition layer according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention. - The illustrations in the drawings are schematic. In different drawings, similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.
- Before, referring to the drawings, exemplary embodiments will be described in further detail, some basic considerations will be summarized based on which exemplary embodiments of the invention have been developed.
- According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a component carrier is provided which embeds, packages and/or surface mounts at least one component which may be made subject to coating and/or surface treatment. More specifically, it may be possible to create a transition layer on the component before or after placement of the component on or in the stack of a component carrier, which may be configured as package carrier printed circuit board (PCB).
- In particular, such additional transition layer may serve for one more of the following purposes: In one embodiment, the transition layer may be configured to reduce or solve a risk of separation of the component from the encapsulating layer stack. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible to configure the transition layer to at least reduce a localized stress concentration by eliminating micro fractures and micro separation from specific areas of one or more (for instance active and/or passive) components, sensors, interposers, etc. Moreover, it may also be possible to configure the transition layer for improving adhesion between resin of the layer stack and a surface of the component. Apart from this, it may be possible to configure the transition layer to increase the reliability of the component carrier by providing a hermetic sealing of the component. Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible to configure the material of the transition layer for increasing an affinity between the component and the laminate-type encapsulant. This may be advantageous in particular for embedding applications. Beyond this, exemplary embodiments of the invention may improve the freedom to embed different sizes and shapes of components. Furthermore, it may be possible to improve a stress distribution by inducing improvement upon high thermal, mechanical and electrical properties. In particular, it may be possible to achieve a reliable behaviour even in a harsh environment, avoiding stress concentration and crack propagation and a path for electrochemical migration.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a manufacturing architecture of introducing an additional transition layer on a component surface prior and/or after the placement of the component on or in a component carrier stack (in particular in the context of an embedded PCB carrier system).
- Furthermore, exemplary embodiments of the invention may enable the design of (in particular embedded) packages with very high adhesion properties to encapsulated components. Advantageously, this may result in a pronounced reliability improvement, in particular in terms of thermal reliability, chemical reliability, mechanical reliability and/or electrical reliability.
- According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a surface optimized component may be processed for encapsulation in dielectric material. A modified component surface may provide available functional groups for further improved adhesion strength with respect to encapsulating material of the laminated layer stack. Advantageously, a surface modification can be induced by a treatment to promote the extent of functional groups. This may encompass component surface in situ functionalization, but also by coating the component with coating material that has good bonding stress to component and to encapsulant. The above-mentioned transition layer may also be configured to have properties that allow further functionalization for optimized bonding. For example, a coating material which may be used for forming said transition layer can be polymeric, ceramic, metallic and/or any combination of these to fulfil different application-specific requirements. In embodiments, a modified component surface may be configured to provide increased functional groups, increased wettability, increased surface energy, etc. The transition layer may also provide an extended thickness for elastic or plastic absorption of periodic or environmental stress variation in order to decrease the stress concentration on component edges, or other areas with peak stress. Furthermore, the transition layer may function as a localized shock absorber.
- In different embodiments, partial or complete component surface modification and/or coating may be possible. As a result, a component carrier with improved reliability may be obtained, in particular in the context of embedded packages.
- In an embodiment, a more reliable adhesion performance of an embedded part of a component carrier may be achieved. Indeed, surface optimization may further improve the bonding stress and may have the opportunity to locally redistribute the stress by increasing the bonding in treated areas. In embodiments, adhesion properties may be better, and the thermal, mechanical and electrical reliability may be improved. Engineering and specific design to distress certain areas of the component may be implemented as well. In particular, it may be possible to locally or globally improve a thermomechanical behaviour, and a delamination risk may be strongly suppressed.
- It is also possible to apply a functionalization to the transition layer, as well as coating technologies and materials for further improving performance of the component carrier.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention can be implemented in terms of manufacturing technologies such as center core embedding, surface mounting, etc. Embodiments of the invention may enable the manufacture of highly reliable embedded packages with reasonable effort. Furthermore, said manufacturing architecture is compatible with the embedding of components of any desired size and/or shape. Further advantages are a high achievable yield and a high freedom of selecting appropriate materials. The produced components to be encapsulated (in particular totally or partially, with embedding or underfill) may show high mechanical, thermal and electrical reliability.
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Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent carrier 100 with an embeddedcomponent 108 covered with atransition layer 110 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. -
Stack 102 ofcomponent carrier 100 may be a plate-shaped laminate-type layer stack composed of a plurality of electricallyconductive layer structures 104 and a plurality of electrically insulatinglayer structures 106. For example, the electricallyconductive layer structures 104 may comprise patterned copper foils and vertical through connections, for example copper filled laser vias. The electrically insulatinglayer structures 106 may comprise a resin (such as epoxy resin) and optionally reinforcing particles therein (for instance glass fibers or glass spheres). For instance, the electrically insulatinglayer structures 106 may be made of FR4 or ABF. In the shown embodiment, the thick central electrically insulatinglayer structure 106 may be a fully cured core. - In order to obtain the
component carrier 100 shown inFigure 1 , component 108 (for instance a semiconductor chip) is placed in a cavity (not shown) formed in thelayer stack 102. The above-mentioned cavity may be defined by a through-hole in the thick central electrically insulatinglayer structure 106 of thestack 102 which may be closed on a bottom side by attaching a temporary carrier (not shown) to a lower main surface of the core. The temporary carrier may for instance be a sticky tape. Thecomponent 108 with (here downwardly protruding)pads 150 may be attached with direct physical contact on the temporary carrier in the cavity. The function of the temporary carrier is to provide stability as long as thecomponent 108 is not yet fixated (for instance glued) in place within the cavity. - The
component carrier 100 shown inFigure 1 can then be obtained by laminating one or more further electrically insulatinglayer structures 106 and one or more further electricallyconductive layer structures 104 to the upper main surface of the central electrically insulatinglayer structure 106accommodating component 108. For instance, a prepreg layer (as further electrically insulating layer structure 106) and one or more copper foils (as further electrically conductive layer structure 104) may be laminated on top. During the lamination process, uncured material of the further electrically insulatinglayer structure 106 may become flowable or melt and may flow in gaps betweenstack 102, temporary carrier andcomponent 108. Upon curing (for instance cross-linking, polymerizing, etc.) of the material of the further electrically insulatinglayer structure 106, filling medium in said gaps may become solid. - As an alternative to the described lamination, it is also possible to
glue component 108 in place in the cavity formed instack 102 by filling liquid adhesive material in the gaps in between. Upon curing said adhesive material, thecomponent 108 is again glued in place in the cavity. - After having glued the
component 108 in place within the cavity and thus having provided an integral connection withstack 102, the temporary carrier may be removed. When the temporary carrier is a sticky tape, it may be simply peeled off from the lower main surface of the obtained structure. One or more further electricallyconductive layer structures 104 and electrically insulatinglayer structures 106 may be connected to and/or formed at the lower surface of the obtained structure to thereby obtainstack 102 as shown inFigure 1 . - By carrying out the described manufacturing process, the illustrated
component carrier 100 having laminated stack 102 of electricallyconductive layer structures 104 and electrically insulatinglayer structures 106 with embeddedcomponent 108 is obtained. - Moreover, the embedded
component 108 of thecomponent carrier 100 according toFigure 1 is fully circumferentially covered with a surroundingtransition layer 110. A material of thetransition layer 110 may be configured for promoting adhesion between thecomponent 108 and the surrounding material of the laminated layer stack 102 (for instance by providing thetransition layer 110 with hydroxyl groups and/or silane groups). This may reduce the tendency of delamination of the constituents ofcomponent carrier 100. Additionally or alternatively, the material of thetransition layer 110 may be configured for hermetically sealing thecomponent 108 with respect to surrounding material of laminated layer stack 102 (for instance by providing thetransition layer 110 of a sealing varnish or a plastic layer). For instance,component 108 may thereby be protected against any undesired migration or diffusion of material, for instance moisture. It is also possible that the material of thetransition layer 110 is configured for buffering stress between thecomponent 108 and the stack 102 (for instance by providing thetransition layer 110 from a material comprising a soft epoxy resin). When configured as a mechanical stress buffer, thetransition layer 110 may for instance be made of a soft material, for instance having a value of the Young modulus of not more than 3 GPa. When embodied as a stress buffer, thetransition layer 110 may also be configured for at least partially compensating a CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) mismatch between material of the component 108 (for instance a semiconductor material such as silicon, whencomponent 108 is embodied as semiconductor chip) and the materials of the stack 102 (such as organic resin, glass and copper). - For instance and depending on its desired technical function as part of the
component carrier 100, thetransition layer 110 may comprise hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups, silane groups, polyamideimide, alumina, glass, a ceramic, a resin and/or a metallic compound in order to obtain one or more of the above described functionalizations. It may be particularly preferred in terms of an extremely efficient adhesion promotion, that thetransition layer 110 comprises 80 to 90 weight percent of Bis2-methoxyethylether, 10 to 20 weight percent of aromatic polyamideimide, and less than 1 weight percent of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (wherein a person skilled in the art will understand that the sum of all constituents of thetransition layer 110 is always 100 weight percent). - In the embodiment of
Figure 1 , an exposed surface of asemiconductor component body 118 of the embeddedcomponent 108 is covered by thetransition layer 110, as well as part of itspads 150. Thus, almost an entire surface of thecomponent 108 is covered by thetransition layer 110 according toFigure 1 . More precisely, thetransition layer 110 covers the entire surface of thecomponent 108 except for the locations of the through vias contacting thecomponent pads 150. More generally, an entire surface of thecomponent 108 except for three sub-portions relating tocomponent pads 150 being directly electrically connected to part of the electricallyconductive layer structures 104 is covered by thetransition layer 110. - A thickness D of the
transition layer 110 may be substantially homogeneous and may be preferably in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm, for instance about 10 nm. Such anultra-thin transition layer 110 may be properly functionally effective in suppressing delamination and warpage, but does not add a significant contribution to the overall thickness of the consequently highlycompact component carrier 100. Moreover, the presence of thetransition layer 110 keeps the overall properties of thecomponent carrier 100 substantially unchanged and fulfils its task of promoting adhesion, suppressing delamination and reducing warpage specifically in a limited region around the most critical interface between the embedded component 108 (which may be substantially made of silicon) and the laminated layer stack 102 (which may be composed of epoxy resin, glass fibers and copper structures). - What concerns the manufacturing method used for obtaining
component carrier 100 shown inFigure 1 , thecomponent 108 may be covered with thetransition layer 110 before its embedding instack 102, i.e. before placingcomponent 108 in the above-mentioned cavity. Thus,transition layer 110 functioning as additional adhesion promoter layer may be advantageously applied prior to the embedding process. Preferably, thetransition layer 110 is created by vapor deposition, such as Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), or by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). In order to further improve the adhesion properties, the surface of the component body 118 (before covering it with the transition layer 110) and/or the surface of the transition layer 110 (after being formed to cover the component body 118) may be made subject of a surface treatment, such as roughening by plasma etching or by wet etching. In such a scenario, the material properties and the surface properties of thetransition layer 110 may both contribute to an excellent adhesion withcomponent carrier 100. - Although one specific embedding method has been described referring to
Figure 1 , exemplary embodiments of the invention may be manufactured with very different component packaging methods and/or may be used for very different embedding applications. The embodiment ofFigure 1 only demonstrates an example of a center core embedding process. -
Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent carrier 100 with an embeddedfirst component 108 covered with atransition layer 110 and with a surface-mountedsecond component 108 covered with afurther transition layer 110 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. Thus, in the embodiment according toFigure 2 ,first component 108 is embedded withinstack 102, whereassecond component 108 is surface mounted on an exterior main surface ofstack 102. - Said
first component 108 may be embedded instack 102 in a way as described above referring toFigure 1 . - Said
second component 108 is surface-mounted on thestack 102 by establishing a solder connection usingsolder structures 152 betweenstack 102 andsecond component 108. As shown, also thesecond component 108 is provided with atransition layer 110 covering substantially the entire exterior exposed surface of thesecond component 108. For instance, formation of thetransition layer 110 of thesecond component 108 may be accomplished after surface mountingsecond component 108 on top ofstack 102. The function of thetransition layer 110 of thesecond component 108 may be the same or another one as that of thetransition layer 110 of thefirst component 108. - Hence, the embodiment of
Figure 2 illustrates that exemplary embodiments of the invention may be also implemented in terms of surface mounting or connection applications where the component surface is activated or coated, for instance with resin, ceramic or metallic compounds. - In the following, referring to
Figure 3 to Figure 6 , various embodiments ofcomponents 108 covered with different kinds of transition layers 110 will be described. Any of these surface coveredcomponents 108 may be embedded in a laminated layer stack 102 (for instance as shown inFigure 1 ) or may be surface mounted on a laminate in layer stack 102 (for instance as shown inFigure 2 ). Each ofFigure 3 to Figure 6 shows acorresponding component 108 before and after being covered with therespective transition layer 110, wherein arespective arrow 154 schematically illustrates the surface covering process. -
Figure 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent 108 with atransition layer 110 ondielectric material 114 of aredistribution layer 112 of the component 108 (and optionally also on acomponent body 118 of the component 108) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. - Hence,
component 108 illustrated inFigure 3 is provided with aredistribution layer 112 arranged at a bottom surface of thecomponent 108. Saidredistribution layer 112 may serve as an electric interface providing a transition between small dimensions of pads (comparereference sign 150 inFigure 1 and Figure 2 , not shown but also present inFigure 3 ) of the semiconductor chip world and larger pads or traces of the world of the (in particular PCB-type)component carrier 100. - Although not entirely shown in
Figure 3 including detail 160 (and correspondingly not shown inFigure 4 includingdetail 162 andFigure 5 includingdetail 164 andFigure 6 ), theredistribution layer 112 is composed of electrically conductive sections as well as dielectric sections. The dielectric sections in theredistribution layer 112 corresponds todielectric material 114. The electrically conductive sections include the electricallyconductive material 116 shown inFigure 3 (and correspondingly inFigure 4 ,Figure 5 and Figure 6 ). However, the electrically conductive sections also include electrically conductive portions within the layer denoted withreference sign 114 spacing the illustrated electricallyconductive material 116 from thecomponent body 118. The latter mentioned electrically conductive portions at the level of thedielectric material 114 are not visible in the view ofFigure 3 (and correspondingly not visible in the views ofFigure 4 to Figure 6 ). Thus, the height region corresponding todielectric material 114 is not fully dielectric, but it also includes (not illustrated) electrically conductive portions which support electrical conductivity between electricallyconductive material 116 andcomponent body 118, more specificallypads 150 thereof. Said electrically conductive portions withindielectric material 114 are however not exposed and therefore not covered with atransition layer 110. - In the embodiment of
Figure 3 , theredistribution layer 112 is only partially covered by thetransition layer 110. Reference is made specifically to adetail 160 ofFigure 3 . More specifically, only dielectric material 114 (for example polyimide) of theredistribution layer 112 is selectively covered by thetransition layer 110 for promoting adhesion ofcomponent 108 in acomponent carrier 100. For this purpose, the dielectric portion of theredistribution layer 112 may be selectively coated or activated. It is also possible that the illustrated exposed surface of thecomponent body 118 is also coated with atransition layer 110 and/or is activated (for instance surface activated, for example by a plasma treatment for increasing surface roughness). -
Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent 108 with atransition layer 110 on connection pads ofredistribution layer 112 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. - More specifically, only electrically conductive material 116 (for instance copper) of the
redistribution layer 112 is selectively covered by thetransition layer 110. Reference is made specifically to adetail 162 ofFigure 4 . Hence, component connection terminals are selectively coated or activated according toFigure 4 . For instance, the component terminals may be coated or activated by a chemical or by a CVD and/or PVD process to increase adhesion. In particular, ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) may be also used for this purpose. - However, the part of the
transition layer 110 which is not located on an exposed surface of electricallyconductive material 116 according todetail 162 can optionally be omitted (even though displayed in thedetail 162 ofFigure 4 ). Said optional part of thetransition layer 110 may for instance be formed on the (not illustrated) electrically conductive portions of theredistribution layer 112 within the layer relating todielectric material 114. - In particular, the
transition layer 110 coating only the connection terminals can be applied on at least one, several or all sides of the connection terminal surface. In production practice, the option of covering any side of the electricallyconductive material 116 except the innermost side is particularly simple. -
Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent 108 with atransition layer 110 on acomplete redistribution layer 112 according to still another exemplary embodiment of the invention. - Thus, substantially an entire exposed surface of the
redistribution layer 112 is covered by thetransition layer 110 according toFigure 5 . Reference is made specifically to adetail 164 ofFigure 5. Figure 5 illustrates component connection terminals being embedded in theredistribution layer 112, or in other material. A full coating or coverage ofredistribution layer 112 is thereby established over all the terminals, for instance to prevent oxidation and/or to increase adhesion. -
Figure 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of acomponent 108 being completely surrounded by a hermetically sealingtransition layer 110 according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention. - The embodiment of
Figure 6 therefore relates to acomponent 108 being completely coated by resin. When coating thewhole component 108 with resin or primer resin or another polymer system, it may be possible to significantly increase the adhesion and thereby the reliability of thecomponent carrier 100 with saidcomponent 108. - It should be noted that the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps and the "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Also, elements described in association with different embodiments may be combined.
- It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
- Implementation of the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments shown in the figures and described above. Instead, a multiplicity of variants is possible which use the solutions shown and the principle according to the invention even in the case of fundamentally different embodiments.
Claims (15)
- A method of manufacturing a component carrier (100), wherein the method comprises:providing a laminated stack (102) comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure (104) and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure (106);at least partially covering a component (108) with a transition layer (110) having a thickness (D) in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 µm; andassembling the component (108) with the stack (102).
- The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises covering the component (108) with the transition layer (110) before the assembling or after the assembling.
- The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises forming the transition layer (110) with a thickness (D) in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm.
- The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises carrying out a surface treatment, in particular a roughening, of at least one of at least part of a surface of the component (108) and at least part of a surface of the transition layer (110).
- The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one of the following features:wherein the method comprises forming the transition layer (110) by at least one of the group consisting of coating, wet process treatment, printing, dispensing and depositing;wherein the method comprises forming the transition layer (110) by vapor deposition, in particular by at least one of the group consisting of Physical Vapor Deposition and Chemical Vapor Deposition.
- Component carrier (100), wherein the component carrier (100) comprises:a laminated stack (102) comprising at least one electrically conductive layer structure (104) and/or at least one electrically insulating layer structure (106); anda component (108) at least partially covered with a transition layer (110) having a thickness (D) in a range from 0.5 nm to 1 µm;wherein the component (108) is assembled with the stack (102).
- The component carrier (100) according to claim 6, wherein the transition layer (110) is configured for promoting adhesion between the component (108) and the stack (102).
- The component carrier (100) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the transition layer (110) is configured for sealing, in particular for hermetically sealing, the component (108).
- The component carrier (100) according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein the transition layer (110) is configured for buffering stress between the component (108) and the stack (102).
- The component carrier (100) according to any of claims 6 to 9, wherein the component (108) comprises a redistribution layer (112) being at least partially covered by the transition layer (110).
- The component carrier (100) according to claim 10, comprising at least one of the following features:only dielectric material (114) of the redistribution layer (112) is selectively covered by the transition layer (110);only electrically conductive material (116) of the redistribution layer (112) is selectively covered by the transition layer (110);an entire exposed surface of the redistribution layer (112), in particular except for at least one surface portion of electrically conductive material (116) of the redistribution layer (112) contacting at least one component pad (150), is covered by the transition layer (110);only a part of an exposed surface of the redistribution layer (112), which part is more prone to stress and/or delamination than another part of the exposed surface of the redistribution layer (112), is covered by the transition layer (110).
- The component carrier (100) according to any of claims 6 to 11, comprising at least one of the following features:wherein a component body (118), in particular a semiconductor component body, of the component (108) is covered by the transition layer (110);wherein an entire surface of the component (108) is covered by the transition layer (110);wherein an entire surface of the component (108) except for at least one portion of at least one component pad (150) being directly electrically connected to the at least one electrically conductive layer structure (104) is covered by the transition layer (110);wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having hydrogen and/or hydroxyl groups;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having silane groups;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having polyamideimide;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having alumina;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having glass;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having a ceramic;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having a resin;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises a material having a metallic compound;
- The component carrier (100) according to any of claims 6 to 12, wherein the transition layer (110) comprises Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether and aromatic polyamideimide.
- The component carrier (100) according to claim 13, comprising at least one of the following features:wherein the transition layer (110) comprises 60 to 95 weight percent, in particular 80 to 90 weight percent, of Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises 5 to 40 weight percent, in particular 10 to 20 weight percent, of aromatic polyamideimide;wherein the transition layer (110) comprises N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, wherein in particular the transition layer (110) comprises less than 5 weight percent, in particular less than 1 weight percent, of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- The component carrier (100) according to any of claims 6 to 14, comprising at least one of the following features:wherein the component (108) is, in particular partially or entirely, embedded in the stack (102);wherein the component (108) is surface-mounted on the stack (102);wherein the thickness (D) of the transition layer (110) is in a range from 1 nm to 100 nm, in particular in a range from 3 nm to 20 nm;wherein the component (108) is selected from a group consisting of an electronic component, an electrically non-conductive and/or electrically conductive inlay, a heat transfer unit, a light guiding element, an optical element, a bridge, an energy harvesting unit, an active electronic component, a passive electronic component, an electronic chip, a storage device, a filter, an integrated circuit, a signal processing component, a power management component, an optoelectronic interface element, a voltage converter, a cryptographic component, a transmitter and/or receiver, an electromechanical transducer, an actuator, a microelectromechanical system, a microprocessor, a capacitor, a resistor, an inductance, an accumulator, a switch, a camera, an antenna, a magnetic element, a further component carrier, and a logic chip;wherein the at least one electrically conductive layer structure (104) comprises at least one of the group consisting of copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, palladium, and tungsten, any of the mentioned materials being optionally coated with supra-conductive material such as graphene;wherein the at least one electrically insulating layer structure (106) comprises at least one of the group consisting of resin, in particular reinforced or non-reinforced resin, for instance epoxy resin or Bismaleimide-Triazine resin, FR-4, FR-5, cyanate ester, polyphenylene derivate, glass, prepreg material, polyimide, polyamide, liquid crystal polymer, epoxy-based build-up material, polytetrafluoroethylene, a ceramic, and a metal oxide;wherein the component carrier (100) is shaped as a plate;wherein the component carrier (100) is configured as one of the group consisting of a printed circuit board, and a substrate;wherein the component carrier (100) is configured as a laminate-type component carrier.
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KR20220130916A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-27 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Substrate with electronic component embedded therein |
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US11963310B2 (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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EP3855487B1 (en) | 2024-03-13 |
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