EP3847290B1 - Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy - Google Patents
Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3847290B1 EP3847290B1 EP19765435.3A EP19765435A EP3847290B1 EP 3847290 B1 EP3847290 B1 EP 3847290B1 EP 19765435 A EP19765435 A EP 19765435A EP 3847290 B1 EP3847290 B1 EP 3847290B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- slug
- raw
- aluminium alloy
- proportion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 title description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 3
- YTAHJIFKAKIKAV-XNMGPUDCSA-N [(1R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-1-phenylpropyl] N-[(3S)-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl]carbamate Chemical compound O=C1[C@H](N=C(C2=C(N1)C=CC=C2)C1=CC=CC=C1)NC(O[C@H](CCN1CCOCC1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O YTAHJIFKAKIKAV-XNMGPUDCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008266 hair spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021057 semi-liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008257 shaving cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005007 epoxy-phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the invention relates to an aluminum alloy, a semi-finished product, a can, a method for producing a slug, a method for producing a can and the use of an aluminum alloy.
- Aluminum or aluminum alloy aerosol cans typically have a cylindrical can body, a can base terminating one end of the cylindrical can body, a can shoulder, a can neck at an opposite end of the can base, and a valve and spray head.
- Aerosol cans of this type are typically produced by means of extrusion, in particular by means of reverse extrusion or a combined forward-backward extrusion process. Slugs several millimeters thick, punched out of aluminum or aluminum alloy strips, are used as semi-finished products for the manufacture of aerosol cans.
- the raw cans obtained after extrusion are - in addition to further processing steps - usually subjected to a washing and cleaning step before the cans are provided with a lacquer coating (internal lacquer) on the inside in order to protect a filler from direct contact with the can wall.
- a lacquer coating internal lacquer
- the inner coating is baked in a baking oven. Further work steps are the external painting, printing and top coating of the outer surface of the raw can as well as the shaping of the final aerosol can contour.
- the cans should have sufficient strength to provide a safe container for a pressurized ingredient.
- the cans should be designed to be light and therefore as thin-walled as possible.
- the strength properties of an aerosol can are determined to a considerable extent by the composition of a slug used to manufacture an aerosol can and in particular by its manufacturing process.
- Aluminum alloys are for example from the EP 1 064 413 B1 , FR 2 457 328 A1 , JP 2008169417 A , U.S. 2006/0021415 A1 such as US 2014/0298641 A1 known.
- Aerosol cans made of aluminum alloys have a higher strength and pressure resistance than pure aluminum.
- there is a problem with their use - as also with the use of pure aluminum - that during the manufacturing process of the can, especially during the baking of an internal paint, there is a drop in hardness and thus also in strength. This is due to the fact that the interior paint is baked in a temperature range of 230 °C to 250 °C, which means that the strain hardening achieved during the extrusion process is reduced due to recovery and recrystallization effects in the aluminum alloy.
- thicker walls are typically chosen for the can in order to be able to meet the required technical properties and safety standards of the can. This applies in particular with regard to their pressure resistance.
- a greater wall thickness is disadvantageous for economic reasons and for weight considerations and therefore from the point of view of handling.
- the object of the invention is to provide an aluminum alloy that is improved compared to the prior art, a semi-finished product that is improved compared to the prior art, in particular a slug that is improved compared to the prior art, a can that is improved compared to the prior art, a can that is improved compared to the prior art to provide an improved method of making a slug, an improved method of making a can over the prior art, and an improved use of an aluminum alloy over the prior art.
- the aluminum alloy should be suitable in particular for the production of a can, preferably an aerosol can, with high strength and at the same time a small can wall thickness and in particular with good forming properties.
- the invention solves this problem by providing an aluminum alloy having the features of independent claim 1, a semi-finished product or a can according to claim 9, a method for producing a slug according to claim 10, a method for producing a can according to claim 11 and a use of a Aluminum alloy according to claim 12.
- Preferred configurations of the aluminum alloy are the subject matter of dependent claims 2 to 8. The wording of all claims is hereby made part of the content of the present description by express reference.
- the invention relates to an aluminum alloy, in particular for a slug, ie a blank, and/or a can, preferably an aerosol can.
- proportions disclosed in the context of the present invention in percent by weight (% by weight), i.e. the so-called proportions by weight, relate in each case to the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the expression “slug” or “round” should be understood to mean a disk, in particular a cylindrical disk, preferably a circular-cylindrical disk.
- the disc preferably has a very small height in relation to the diameter.
- the disc can have a height of 3 mm to 13 mm, in particular 4 mm to 10 mm, preferably 4.5 mm to 7 mm, and/or a diameter of 10 mm to 130 mm, in particular 20 mm to 80 mm, preferably 30 mm to 60 mm.
- the expression “aerosol can” is to be understood as meaning a can for spraying liquids or semi-liquid media in the form of an aerosol.
- the liquids or semi-liquid media can be, for example, a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving cream, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a varnish, a furniture polish, an oil, a liquid soap, a resin, a paraffin, a liquid wax, natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a liquid/semi-liquid cosmetic product such as a liquid/semi-liquid personal care product, or a liquid/semi-liquid pharmaceutical trade product.
- the aerosol can can also be referred to as a spray can.
- the invention is based on the surprising finding that when using an aluminum alloy according to the invention for the production of a can, preferably aerosol can, the Recovery and recrystallization phase when baking an interior paint in the can can be suppressed.
- the combination of the elements copper and chromium contained in the aluminum alloy according to the invention is responsible for this.
- so-called cluster and/or precipitation hardening occurs at the temperatures used for baking an interior paint.
- metastable clusters and/or precipitations of the alloying element copper are formed, which lead to an increase in strength and thus counteract recrystallization and a resulting loss of strength.
- the dispersion hardening that occurs in the case of chromium during the stoving of an interior paint is based on a very similar effect, but due to larger dispersed chromium compounds.
- the larger dispersed chromium compounds can in particular be what are known as dispersoids of the formula Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si.
- dispersoids of the formula AlFeSi are advantageously formed, which lead to an (additional) increase in strength through dispersion hardening.
- the addition of manganese ie the use of manganese for the production of the aluminum alloy, advantageously results in solid solution hardening, as a result of which the strength of the aluminum alloy is (additionally) increased.
- the finest dispersoids of the formula Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si can form, which further increase the strength of the aluminum alloy.
- the proportion by weight of manganese provided according to the invention has turned out to be sufficiently high, on the one hand, to achieve an increase in the strength of the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, it has proven not to be too high in order not to increase the deformation resistance and, in particular, the risk of cracking too much. This is particularly advantageous when using the aluminum alloy to manufacture cans such as aerosol cans.
- titanium By adding titanium, i. H. the use of titanium for the production of the aluminum alloy, grain refinement and fine-grain hardening advantageously occur, which increase the strength and ductility of the aluminum alloy.
- the aluminum alloy according to the invention can be used to produce a can, preferably an aerosol can, with greater strength than cans of the generic type.
- the higher strength in turn allows, with particular advantage, less material to be used, as a result of which cans with a reduced wall thickness or thickness can be produced. This is advantageous both from an economic point of view and from a handling point of view (lower weight of the can itself).
- a further advantage is that the aluminum alloy according to the invention can be used to produce cans whose strength is high enough on the one hand to achieve a desired reduction in the can wall thickness and the associated savings in material, but on the other hand is not too high, so that the can can be easily formed is guaranteed. This is particularly advantageous when manufacturing cans with complex shapes, since otherwise there is a risk of the cans tearing open.
- the proportion by weight of silicon is 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight.
- the silicon has a proportion of 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the proportion by weight of iron is 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, preferably 0.32% by weight to 0.36% by weight.
- the iron has a proportion of 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, preferably 0.32% by weight to 0.36% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the proportion by weight of copper is 0.02% by weight to 0.08% by weight, preferably 0.03% by weight to 0.06% by weight.
- the copper has a proportion of 0.02% by weight to 0.08% by weight, preferably 0.03% by weight to 0.06% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the weight percentages for copper disclosed in this paragraph is one on the copper receding cluster and/or precipitation hardening, in particular during the baking of an interior paint in a can which has an aluminum alloy according to the invention or consists of such an aluminum alloy, is particularly pronounced.
- the proportion by weight of manganese is preferably 0.30% by weight to ⁇ (read: less) 0.50% by weight, in particular 0.30% by weight to 0.45% by weight 0.34% to 0.38% by weight.
- the manganese has a proportion of 0.30% by weight to ⁇ (spoken: less) 0.50% by weight, in particular 0.30% by weight to 0.45% by weight. -%, preferably 0.34% by weight to 0.38% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the proportion by weight of chromium is 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight.
- the chromium has a proportion of 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- dispersion hardening due to the chromium is particularly pronounced, in particular when baking an interior paint in a can which has an aluminum alloy according to the invention or consists of such an aluminum alloy.
- the proportion by weight of titanium is 0.015% by weight to 0.03% by weight, preferably 0.02% by weight to 0.028% by weight.
- the titanium has a proportion of 0.015% by weight to 0.03% by weight, preferably 0.02% by weight to 0.028% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- impurities can mean a single impurity (singular) or a plurality of impurities, ie, multiple impurities, such as two, three, or four impurities.
- the proportion by weight of an individual impurity is at most 0.05% by weight.
- a single Impurity in a further embodiment of the invention has a proportion of at most 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the total proportion by weight of the impurities is at most 0.15% by weight.
- the impurities have a total proportion of at most 0.15% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
- the aluminum alloy can be zirconium-free.
- the invention relates to a semi-finished product comprising or consisting of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention, or a can comprising or consisting of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the semi-finished product can in particular be a slug, a metal sheet, a plate, a profile, in particular an extruded profile, a tube, a rod or a wire.
- the semi-finished product is preferably a slug.
- the can may have a shoulder and/or a can neck.
- the shoulder can be selected from the group consisting of round shoulder, spherical shoulder, sloping shoulder, stepped shoulder and pointed shoulder.
- the box can have an inwardly curved base.
- the can can still be filled.
- the can can be filled with a liquid or a semi-liquid medium.
- the liquids or semi-liquid media can be, for example, a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving cream, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a lacquer, a furniture polish, an oil, a soap, a resin, a paraffin, a wax , natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a cosmetic product such as a personal care product or a pharmaceutical product.
- the can can contain a propellant, in particular a propellant, preferably selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, dimethyl ether, air, nitrogen and mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned propellants.
- a propellant in particular a propellant, preferably selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, dimethyl ether, air, nitrogen and mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned propellants.
- the can can be empty.
- the can is preferably an aerosol can, i.e. a spray or aerosol can.
- the raw slug can also be referred to as a slug blank.
- aluminum scrap is to be understood in particular as meaning aluminum waste, which can occur, for example, in the production of semi-finished products, in particular slugs, made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- hot rolling is to be understood as meaning rolling of a strip of aluminum or aluminum scrap above the recrystallization temperature of aluminum, i.e. in a temperature range of 250°C to 500°C.
- cold rolling is to be understood as meaning rolling of a hot-rolled strip of aluminum or aluminum scrap below the recrystallization temperature of aluminum, i.e. below a temperature of 250°C.
- the aluminum in step a), can be provided as pure aluminum with an aluminum content of at least 99.5% by weight, preferably at least 99.7% by weight, based on the total weight of the pure aluminum.
- the aluminum in step a) can be provided in the form of a pure aluminum commercially available under the designation EN AW-1050A.
- the aluminum in step a) can be provided in the form of ingots, ie in the form of ingots, in particular in the form of small ingots.
- the alloying elements silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium can be added to the molten aluminum and/or the molten aluminum scrap simultaneously or sequentially, ie sequentially or at intervals.
- step cd) cleaning the molten aluminum and/or molten aluminum scrap for example by blowing in argon, can be carried out between step c) and step d).
- Step d) can also be referred to as strip casting, in particular continuous strip casting, of the melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements.
- the melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements is expediently poured or transferred into a casting plant, in particular into a casting furnace, for carrying out step d).
- the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements can have a temperature of 680° C. to 750° C. during pouring or transfer to the casting plant.
- Step d) is preferably carried out at a casting speed of 4 m/min to 8 m/min.
- the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements are/is continuously cast onto a casting wheel and solidified between this and a steel strip.
- the pouring temperature of the melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements preferably ranges between 680°C and 730°C. Cooling required for the solidification of the aluminum and/or aluminum scrap preferably takes place via nozzles which apply water to the casting wheel and the steel strip.
- the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements can again be provided with at least one of the alloying elements silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium.
- the composition of the alloy and consequently the properties of the slug to be produced can be readjusted with particular advantage. After that can the melt can be cleaned again, for example by blowing in argon.
- Step e) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 460.degree. C. to 500.degree. C., in particular 470.degree. C. to 490.degree.
- step ef) cooling the hot-rolled strip, in particular to a temperature of 20° C. to 90° C., preferably 30° C. to 70° C., can be carried out.
- Step f) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 20.degree. C. to 90.degree. C., in particular 30.degree. C. to 70.degree.
- the raw slug is preferably produced from the strip by means of cutting out or punching, particularly preferably by means of punching.
- Step h) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 480°C to 550°C, in particular 500°C to 540°C. This step advantageously achieves a homogeneous microstructure with a uniform distribution of the alloying elements.
- step h) is carried out over a period of 30 minutes to 3 hours. This step advantageously (likewise) achieves a homogeneous microstructure with a uniform distribution of the alloying elements.
- Step i) is preferably carried out with a cooling speed or cooling rate >(pronounced: greater) 1 K/s, in particular >(pronounced: greater) 10 K/s, preferably >(pronounced: greater) 50 K/s.
- step i) can be carried out with a cooling rate of 0.01 K/s to 200 K/s, in particular 0.01 K/s to 150 K/s, preferably 0.01 K/s to 100 K/s, be performed.
- a cooling rate of 0.01 K/s to 200 K/s in particular 0.01 K/s to 150 K/s, preferably 0.01 K/s to 100 K/s, be performed.
- the choice of cooling speed or cooling rate has a significant influence on the strength of the raw can.
- a significantly higher can hardness or strength can be achieved.
- a higher degree of hardness or strength makes it possible to produce cans, in particular aerosol cans, with reduced wall thicknesses and thus to save material.
- step i) can be carried out in air or using water.
- step i) can be carried out by cooling the heat-treated raw slug in air or in water.
- step i) can be carried out by air or water cooling of the heat-treated raw slug.
- the heat-treated raw slug can be cooled by moving air.
- the moving air can be generated by means of a fan, for example.
- the air for air-cooling the heat-treated raw slug can have a temperature of 15°C to 30°C, in particular 18°C to 25°C, preferably 20°C to 25°C.
- the air cooling of the heat-treated raw slug advantageously results in a lower forming resistance, which also makes it possible to produce more complex can shapes.
- step i) can be carried out by water cooling the heat-treated raw slug, i. H. by cooling the heat treated raw slug in water.
- step i) can be carried out by immersing the heat-treated raw slug in water or by transferring the heat-treated raw slug into a water bath. While a cooling rate of approx. 0.1 K/s can be achieved when cooling in air, a cooling rate of > 50 K/s can be achieved by water-cooling the heat-treated raw slug. preferably aerosol cans, may be preferred according to the invention.
- step j) can comprise a step j1) surface treatment, in particular roughening, of the raw slug.
- the surface of the raw slug can be treated, in particular roughened, by means of a blasting agent, by means of scouring or by means of tumbling.
- a defined surface of the raw slug can be produced with particular advantage, as a result of which uniform greasing of the raw slug with a lubricant before a forming step, in particular before an extrusion step, is possible.
- a surface treatment of the raw slug can in particular also include a deburring of the raw slug.
- step j) can comprise a step j2) cleaning the raw slug from the blasting medium and/or from abrasion occurring during the surface treatment, in particular roughening.
- step j a step k packaging of the slug can be carried out.
- the raw can can also be referred to as a can blank.
- a step ab) providing the slug with a lubricant, in particular a metal stearate, can be carried out between step a) and step b).
- a lubricant in particular a metal stearate
- Step b) is preferably carried out by means of extrusion, in particular by means of reverse extrusion, preferably by means of reverse cup extrusion.
- step b) can be produced by means of a combined forward/backward extrusion process, by means of a combined deep-drawing and ironing process, or by means of extrusion and ironing.
- the raw can can have a can base or a base surface and spatially adjoining this a can wall or a lateral surface.
- the raw can the shape of a cylinder open on one side, in particular a circular cylinder open on one side.
- the raw can have an irregular shape or be frayed at its end opposite the can bottom.
- the raw box can be longer than specified.
- step c) an irregular end area of the raw can can be removed and the raw can thus have a regular end and in particular a predetermined length.
- a step cd) of providing the raw can with an inner and/or outer paint and baking the inner paint and/or drying the outer paint is preferably carried out between step c) and step d).
- an epoxy-phenolic resin paint, a polyamide-imide paint or a paint system based on polyester and/or water and/or powder can be used as the interior paint.
- Such interior coatings can be applied to the inner surface of the raw can by means of spray nozzles and baked into the raw can in a baking oven.
- the outer paint can be applied to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular in several layers.
- the raw can can be provided with the outer paint in step cd) by applying a primer layer, a decorative layer such as a color layer and a top coat layer to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular by printing or rolling it on.
- a primer layer a decorative layer such as a color layer
- a top coat layer a top coat layer
- the aforementioned layers are expediently applied to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular printed or rolled on, in such a way that the primer layer is directly on the outer surface of the raw can, the decorative layer is on the primer layer and the top coat layer is on the decorative layer.
- the raw can can be brushed before carrying out step d), in particular between step c) and step cd).
- step d a homogenization of the outer surface of the raw can can be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the raw can can be cleaned, in particular of a lubricant and/or abrasion, and then dried.
- the raw can can be cleaned, for example, using an alkaline washing solution.
- the raw can can be dried at a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., in particular 125.degree.
- Step d) preferably comprises a step d1) providing the raw can with a can shoulder and/or a can neck.
- step d1) when step d1) is carried out, the diameter of the raw can is narrowed or tapered in the region of its open end compared to the remainder of the raw can, which is not deformed in the process, so that the can neck is produced or is created.
- Step d1) can be carried out in several sub-steps, so that the raw can gradually narrows or narrows in diameter in the region of its open end is rejuvenated.
- the diameter of the raw can can be reduced and then widened before drawing in a can shoulder.
- step d) can comprise a step d2) shaping or flanging a spray valve seat for fastening a spray valve on the can neck of the raw can. This means that the can can later be used as an aerosol can.
- the method can have a step e) filling the can with a liquid or a semi-liquid medium, in particular a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving foam, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a varnish, a furniture polish, an oil, a liquid soap , a resin, a paraffin, a wax, natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a liquid/semi-liquid cosmetic product such as a liquid/ semi-liquid personal care product or a liquid/semi-liquid pharmaceutical product.
- a liquid or a semi-liquid medium in particular a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving foam, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a varnish, a furniture polish, an oil, a liquid soap , a resin, a paraffin, a wax, natural
- the method can comprise a step f) attaching a hand pump, a spray head or a valve to the can neck of the can.
- the method can comprise a step g) packaging of the can.
- the invention relates to the use of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention for producing a semi-finished product, preferably a slug, or a can, preferably an aerosol can.
- An aerosol can according to the invention was produced using an aluminum alloy (alloy G) according to the invention, as listed in Table 1 below.
- the comparison alloy D had a copper content that was twice as high as the alloy G according to the invention
- the comparison alloy E contained only traces of copper (as an impurity).
- the comparison alloy E contained a comparable amount of chromium as the alloy G according to the invention.
- the comparison alloy D was characterized by the absence of chromium as an alloying element (contained only in traces).
- the alloy EN AW-3207 was used as the third comparison alloy.
- Table 1 Alloy G according to the invention and comparative alloys element/wt% G D (comparison) E (comparison) EN AW-3207 (comparison) silicon 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.15 iron 0.35 0.38 0.39 0.42 copper 0.04 0.08 ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ 0.01 manganese 0.36 0.40 0.36 0.57 magnesium ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ 0.01 chrome 0.10 ⁇ 0.01 0.10 ⁇ 0.01 titanium 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 Aluminum and other admixtures (individually maximum 0.05, total maximum 0.15) rest rest rest remainder (zinc ⁇ 0.01)
- raw cans were made in a toggle press by means of the reverse extrusion process with a mean length of approx. 19 cm, a wall thickness of 0.24 mm in the lower area and 0.36 mm in the upper area.
- the raw cans were cut to a uniform length of 17.4 cm and the outer surface was brushed.
- the raw cans were then cleaned of grinding dust and lubricant by means of a washing step and a subsequent drying step at 125 °C.
- an interior paint based on epoxy resin was applied by spraying and the interior paint was then baked in an oven at a maximum of 240 °C for 7 minutes.
- the cans were finalized by applying a three-stage outer coating (base coat, printing and top coat) and a butting step.
- samples were taken from the raw cans and the cans after internal coating and drying (DIT).
- the samples were prepared in accordance with DIN 50125-H 12.5 x 68.
- the tests to determine the tensile strength were carried out using a Zwick Roell Z010 testing machine in accordance with the DIN EN ISO 6892-1 standard.
- Table 3 The results of the strength comparisons for the alloy G according to the invention in relation to the comparison alloys are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3: Strength comparison of an aerosol can according to the invention with comparative aerosol cans Strength (N/mm 2 )/ alloy G2 E2 (comparison) D2 (comparison) G4 E4 (comparison) D4 (comparison) EN AW-3207 (comparison) raw can 212.4 203.2 214.5 219.2 214.9 221.0 200.8 DIT 200.2 190.7 187.9 209.8 204.7 211.3 187.8 Decrease in strength raw box ⁇ DIT -5.7% -6.2% -12.4% -4.3% -4.7% -4.4% -6.5%
- aerosol cans made from the comparison alloys E2 and EN AW-3207 showed a similarly small drop in strength as aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (approx. -6%).
- these aerosol cans also showed a lower strength on the raw can compared to the aerosol cans made of alloy G2 (203.2 N/mm 2 (E2) or 200.8 N/mm 2 (EN AW-3207 ) compared to 212.4 N/mm 2 for G2).
- aerosol cans made from comparison alloy D2 were comparable in terms of strength to aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (214.5 N/mm 2 (D2) versus 212.4 N/mm 2 (G2)). However, the drop in strength in aerosol cans made from the comparison alloy D2 was noticeably higher than in aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (D2: -12.4% to G2: -5.7%).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Aluminiumlegierung, ein Halbzeug, eine Dose, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Butzens, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dose sowie auf eine Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung.The invention relates to an aluminum alloy, a semi-finished product, a can, a method for producing a slug, a method for producing a can and the use of an aluminum alloy.
Aerosoldosen aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung weisen in der Regel einen zylindrischen Dosenkörper, einen Dosenboden, welcher ein Ende des zylindrischen Dosenkörpers abschließt, eine Dosenschulter, einen Dosenhals an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende des Dosenbodens sowie ein Ventil und einen Sprühkopf auf.Aluminum or aluminum alloy aerosol cans typically have a cylindrical can body, a can base terminating one end of the cylindrical can body, a can shoulder, a can neck at an opposite end of the can base, and a valve and spray head.
Derartige Aerosoldosen werden typischerweise mittels Fließpressen, insbesondere mittels Rückwärts-Fließpressen oder eines kombinierten Vorwärts-Rückwärts-Fließpressverfahrens, hergestellt. Als Halbzeug zur Herstellung von Aerosoldosen kommen mehrere Millimeter dicke, aus Aluminium- oder Aluminiumlegierungsbändern ausgestanzte Butzen zum Einsatz.Aerosol cans of this type are typically produced by means of extrusion, in particular by means of reverse extrusion or a combined forward-backward extrusion process. Slugs several millimeters thick, punched out of aluminum or aluminum alloy strips, are used as semi-finished products for the manufacture of aerosol cans.
Die nach dem Fließpressen vorliegenden Rohdosen werden - neben weiteren Bearbeitungsschritten - in der Regel einem Wasch- und Reinigungsschritt unterworfen, bevor die Dosen an ihrer Innenseite mit einer Lackbeschichtung (Innenlack) versehen werden, um einen Füllstoff vor direktem Kontakt mit der Dosenwand zu schützen. Nach Auftrag auf die Innenfläche der Rohdose wird der Innenlack in einem Einbrennofen eingebrannt. Weitere Arbeitsschritte sind das Außenlackieren, Bedrucken und Überzuglackieren der Außenfläche der Rohdose sowie das Einformen der Aerosoldosen-Endkontur.The raw cans obtained after extrusion are - in addition to further processing steps - usually subjected to a washing and cleaning step before the cans are provided with a lacquer coating (internal lacquer) on the inside in order to protect a filler from direct contact with the can wall. After application to the inner surface of the raw can, the inner coating is baked in a baking oven. Further work steps are the external painting, printing and top coating of the outer surface of the raw can as well as the shaping of the final aerosol can contour.
Die Anforderungen an die Eigenschaften von Aerosoldosen sind hoch. Einerseits sollen die Dosen eine entsprechende Festigkeit aufweisen, um einem unter Druck stehenden Inhaltsstoff ein sicheres Behältnis zu bieten. Andererseits sollen die Dosen leicht und mithin möglichst dünnwandig gestaltet sein.The requirements for the properties of aerosol cans are high. On the one hand, the cans should have sufficient strength to provide a safe container for a pressurized ingredient. On the other hand, the cans should be designed to be light and therefore as thin-walled as possible.
Die Festigkeitseigenschaften einer Aerosoldose werden dabei zu einem erheblichen Anteil von der Zusammensetzung eines zur Herstellung einer Aerosoldose verwendeten Butzens und insbesondere von dessen Herstellungsverfahren bestimmt.The strength properties of an aerosol can are determined to a considerable extent by the composition of a slug used to manufacture an aerosol can and in particular by its manufacturing process.
Aluminiumlegierungen sind beispielsweise aus der
Aus Aluminiumlegierungen gefertigte Aerosoldosen verfügen zwar grundsätzlich über eine höhere Festigkeit und Druckbeständigkeit im Vergleich zu Reinaluminium. Allerdings besteht bei ihrem Einsatz - wie im Übrigen auch beim Einsatz von Reinaluminium - die Problematik, dass es während des Herstellungsprozesses der Dose, insbesondere während des Einbrennens eines Innenlacks, zu einem Härte- und somit auch Festigkeitsabfall kommt. Dies ist dadurch bedingt, dass das Einbrennen des Innenlacks in einem Temperaturbereich von 230 °C bis 250 °C erfolgt, wodurch es aufgrund von Erholungs- und Rekristallisationseffekten in der Aluminiumlegierung zu einem Abbau einer während des Fließpressvorganges erzielten Kaltverfestigung kommt. Um diesen Festigkeitsverlust auszugleichen, werden typischerweise dickere Wandstärken für die Dose gewählt, um die geforderten technischen Eigenschaften und Sicherheitsstandards der Dose erfüllen zu können. Dies gilt insbesondere im Hinblick auf ihre Druckbeständigkeit. Eine höhere Wandstärke ist jedoch aus ökonomischen Gründen sowie aus Gewichtsüberlegungen und mithin unter Handhabungsgesichtspunkten nachteilig.Aerosol cans made of aluminum alloys have a higher strength and pressure resistance than pure aluminum. However, there is a problem with their use - as also with the use of pure aluminum - that during the manufacturing process of the can, especially during the baking of an internal paint, there is a drop in hardness and thus also in strength. This is due to the fact that the interior paint is baked in a temperature range of 230 °C to 250 °C, which means that the strain hardening achieved during the extrusion process is reduced due to recovery and recrystallization effects in the aluminum alloy. To compensate for this loss of strength, thicker walls are typically chosen for the can in order to be able to meet the required technical properties and safety standards of the can. This applies in particular with regard to their pressure resistance. However, a greater wall thickness is disadvantageous for economic reasons and for weight considerations and therefore from the point of view of handling.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte Aluminiumlegierung, ein gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessertes Halbzeug, insbesondere einen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserten Butzen, eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte Dose, ein gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Butzen, ein gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dose sowie eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung bereitzustellen. Die Aluminiumlegierung soll dabei insbesondere zur Herstellung einer Dose, bevorzugt einer Aerosoldose, mit einer hohen Festigkeit und gleichzeitig einer geringen Dosenwandstärke sowie insbesondere mit guten Umformeigenschaften geeignet sein.The object of the invention is to provide an aluminum alloy that is improved compared to the prior art, a semi-finished product that is improved compared to the prior art, in particular a slug that is improved compared to the prior art, a can that is improved compared to the prior art, a can that is improved compared to the prior art to provide an improved method of making a slug, an improved method of making a can over the prior art, and an improved use of an aluminum alloy over the prior art. The aluminum alloy should be suitable in particular for the production of a can, preferably an aerosol can, with high strength and at the same time a small can wall thickness and in particular with good forming properties.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Bereitstellung einer Aluminiumlegierung mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1, eines Halbzeugs oder einer Dose gemäß Anspruch 9, eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Butzens gemäß Anspruch 10, eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Dose gemäß Anspruch 11 sowie einer Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung gemäß Anspruch 12. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Aluminiumlegierung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 8. Der Wortlaut sämtlicher Ansprüche wird hiermit durch ausdrückliche Bezugnahme zum Inhalt der vorliegenden Beschreibung gemacht.The invention solves this problem by providing an aluminum alloy having the features of independent claim 1, a semi-finished product or a can according to claim 9, a method for producing a slug according to claim 10, a method for producing a can according to claim 11 and a use of a Aluminum alloy according to claim 12. Preferred configurations of the aluminum alloy are the subject matter of dependent claims 2 to 8. The wording of all claims is hereby made part of the content of the present description by express reference.
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine Aluminiumlegierung, insbesondere für einen Butzen, das heißt eine Ronde, und/oder eine Dose, bevorzugt Aerosoldose.According to a first aspect, the invention relates to an aluminum alloy, in particular for a slug, ie a blank, and/or a can, preferably an aerosol can.
Die Aluminiumlegierung besteht aus:
- 0,07 Gew.-% bis 0,17 Gew.-% Silizium,
- 0,25 Gew.-% bis 0,45 Gew.-% Eisen,
- 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,15 Gew.-% Kupfer,
- 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,50 Gew.-% Mangan,
- 0,05 Gew.-% bis 0,20 Gew.-% Chrom,
- 0,01 Gew.-% bis 0,04 Gew.-% Titan und
- Rest Aluminium sowie unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen.
- 0.07% to 0.17% by weight silicon,
- 0.25% to 0.45% by weight iron,
- 0.02% to 0.15% by weight copper,
- 0.30% to 0.50% by weight manganese,
- 0.05% to 0.20% by weight chromium,
- 0.01% to 0.04% by weight titanium and
- remainder aluminum and unavoidable impurities.
Anders ausgedrückt, kann die Aluminiumlegierung entweder aus
- 0,07 Gew.-% bis 0,17 Gew.-% Silizium,
- 0,25 Gew.-% bis 0,45 Gew.-% Eisen,
- 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,15 Gew.-% Kupfer,
- 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,50 Gew.-% Mangan,
- 0,05 Gew.-% bis 0,20 Gew.-% Chrom,
- 0,01 Gew.-% bis 0,04 Gew.-% Titan und
- Rest Aluminium
- 0,07 Gew.-% bis 0,17 Gew.-% Silizium,
- 0,25 Gew.-% bis 0,45 Gew.-% Eisen,
- 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,15 Gew.-% Kupfer,
- 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,50 Gew.-% Mangan,
- 0,05 Gew.-% bis 0,20 Gew.-% Chrom,
- 0,01 Gew.-% bis 0,04 Gew.-% Titan und
- Rest Aluminium sowie unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen
- 0.07% to 0.17% by weight silicon,
- 0.25% to 0.45% by weight iron,
- 0.02% to 0.15% by weight copper,
- 0.30% to 0.50% by weight manganese,
- 0.05% to 0.20% by weight chromium,
- 0.01% to 0.04% by weight titanium and
- remainder aluminum
- 0.07% to 0.17% by weight silicon,
- 0.25% to 0.45% by weight iron,
- 0.02% to 0.15% by weight copper,
- 0.30% to 0.50% by weight manganese,
- 0.05% to 0.20% by weight chromium,
- 0.01% to 0.04% by weight titanium and
- remainder aluminum and unavoidable impurities
Die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung offenbarten Anteile in Gewichtsprozent (Gew.-%), d.h. die sogenannten Gewichtsanteile, beziehen sich jeweils auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung.The proportions disclosed in the context of the present invention in percent by weight (% by weight), i.e. the so-called proportions by weight, relate in each case to the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
Unter dem Ausdruck "Butzen" bzw. "Ronde" soll im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Scheibe, insbesondere eine zylinderförmige Scheibe, bevorzugt eine kreiszylinderförmige Scheibe, verstanden werden. Bevorzugt weist die Scheibe eine sehr geringe Höhe im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser auf. Beispielsweise kann die Scheibe eine Höhe von 3 mm bis 13 mm, insbesondere 4 mm bis 10 mm, bevorzugt 4,5 mm bis 7 mm, und/oder einen Durchmesser von 10 mm bis 130 mm, insbesondere 20 mm bis 80 mm, bevorzugt 30 mm bis 60 mm aufweisen.In the context of the present invention, the expression “slug” or “round” should be understood to mean a disk, in particular a cylindrical disk, preferably a circular-cylindrical disk. The disc preferably has a very small height in relation to the diameter. For example, the disc can have a height of 3 mm to 13 mm, in particular 4 mm to 10 mm, preferably 4.5 mm to 7 mm, and/or a diameter of 10 mm to 130 mm, in particular 20 mm to 80 mm, preferably 30 mm to 60 mm.
Unter dem Ausdruck "Aerosoldose" soll im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Dose zum Versprühen von Flüssigkeiten oder halbflüssigen Medien in Form eines Aerosols verstanden werden. Bei den Flüssigkeiten bzw. halbflüssigen Medien kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Haarspray, ein Deodorant, einen Rasierschaum, eine Farbe, ein Anstrichmittel, einen Firniss, einen Lack, eine Möbelpolitur, ein Öl, eine flüssige Seife, ein Harz, ein Paraffin, ein flüssiges Wachs, Naturkautschuk, einen Leim, ein Desinfektionsmittel, ein Imprägnierungsmittel, ein Putzmittel, eine organische Flüssigkeit, eine anorganische Flüssigkeit, ein flüssiges/halbflüssiges Lebensmittel wie Sprühsahne, ein flüssiges/halbflüssiges kosmetisches Produkt wie flüssiges/halbflüssiges Körperpflegeprodukt oder ein flüssiges/halbflüssiges pharmazeutisches Produkt handeln. Die Aerosoldose kann im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung auch als Sprüh- oder Spraydose bezeichnet werden.In the context of the present invention, the expression “aerosol can” is to be understood as meaning a can for spraying liquids or semi-liquid media in the form of an aerosol. The liquids or semi-liquid media can be, for example, a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving cream, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a varnish, a furniture polish, an oil, a liquid soap, a resin, a paraffin, a liquid wax, natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a liquid/semi-liquid cosmetic product such as a liquid/semi-liquid personal care product, or a liquid/semi-liquid pharmaceutical trade product. In the context of the present invention, the aerosol can can also be referred to as a spray can.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem überraschenden Befund, dass bei Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung einer Dose, bevorzugt Aerosoldose, die Erholungs- und Rekristallisationsphase beim Einbrennen eines Innenlacks in die Dose unterdrückt werden kann. Verantwortlich hierfür ist die in der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung enthaltene Kombination der Elemente Kupfer und Chrom. So kommt es im Falle von Kupfer bei den zum Einbrennen eines Innenlacks angewandten Temperaturen zu einer sogenannten Cluster- und/oder Ausscheidungshärtung. Hierbei werden metastabile Cluster und/oder Ausscheidungen des Legierungselements Kupfer gebildet, welche zu einer Festigkeitserhöhung führen und somit einer Rekristallisation und einem dadurch bedingten Festigkeitsverlust entgegenwirken. Auf einem ganz ähnlichen Effekt beruht die im Falle von Chrom während des Einbrennens eines Innenlacks auftretende Dispersionshärtung, allerdings durch größere dispergierte Chromverbindungen. Bei den größeren dispergierten Chromverbindungen kann es sich insbesondere um sogenannte Dispersoide der Formel Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si handeln.The invention is based on the surprising finding that when using an aluminum alloy according to the invention for the production of a can, preferably aerosol can, the Recovery and recrystallization phase when baking an interior paint in the can can be suppressed. The combination of the elements copper and chromium contained in the aluminum alloy according to the invention is responsible for this. In the case of copper, for example, so-called cluster and/or precipitation hardening occurs at the temperatures used for baking an interior paint. Here, metastable clusters and/or precipitations of the alloying element copper are formed, which lead to an increase in strength and thus counteract recrystallization and a resulting loss of strength. The dispersion hardening that occurs in the case of chromium during the stoving of an interior paint is based on a very similar effect, but due to larger dispersed chromium compounds. The larger dispersed chromium compounds can in particular be what are known as dispersoids of the formula Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si.
Insbesondere überraschend war, dass gemäß der Erfindung bereits geringe Mengen der Legierungselemente Kupfer und Chrom vorteilhafte Änderungen der Festigkeitseigenschaften bzw. des Festigkeitsabfalls in einer Dose, bevorzugt Aerosoldose, bewirken können.It was particularly surprising that, according to the invention, even small amounts of the alloying elements copper and chromium can bring about advantageous changes in the strength properties or the drop in strength in a can, preferably an aerosol can.
Durch die Zulegierung von Silizium, d. h. die Verwendung von Silizium zur Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierung, kommt es vorteilhafterweise zu einer Mischkristallhärtung.By adding silicon, i. H. the use of silicon to produce the aluminum alloy, solid solution hardening advantageously occurs.
Durch die Zulegierung von Eisen, d. h. die Verwendung von Eisen zur Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierung, kommt es vorteilhafterweise zu einer Bildung von Dispersoiden der Formel AlFeSi, welche zu einer (zusätzlichen) Festigkeitssteigerung durch Dispersionshärtung führen.By adding iron, i. H. the use of iron to produce the aluminum alloy, dispersoids of the formula AlFeSi are advantageously formed, which lead to an (additional) increase in strength through dispersion hardening.
Durch die Zulegierung von Mangan, d. h. die Verwendung von Mangan zur Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierung, kommt es vorteilhafterweise zu einer Mischkristallhärtung, wodurch die Festigkeit der Aluminiumlegierung (zusätzlich) gesteigert wird. Darüber hinaus können sich feinste Dispersoide der Formel Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si bilden, welche die Festigkeit der Aluminiumlegierung weiter steigern. Der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Mangangewichtsanteil hat sich einerseits als ausreichend hoch herausgestellt, um eine Festigkeitssteigerung der Aluminiumlegierung zu erreichen. Andererseits hat er sich als nicht zu hoch erwiesen, um den Umformwiderstand und insbesondere das Risiko von Rissbildungen nicht zu stark zu erhöhen. Dies ist insbesondere bei Verwendung der Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung von Dosen wie Aerosoldosen von Vorteil.The addition of manganese, ie the use of manganese for the production of the aluminum alloy, advantageously results in solid solution hardening, as a result of which the strength of the aluminum alloy is (additionally) increased. In addition, the finest dispersoids of the formula Al(Fe,Cr,Mn)Si can form, which further increase the strength of the aluminum alloy. The proportion by weight of manganese provided according to the invention has turned out to be sufficiently high, on the one hand, to achieve an increase in the strength of the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, it has proven not to be too high in order not to increase the deformation resistance and, in particular, the risk of cracking too much. This is particularly advantageous when using the aluminum alloy to manufacture cans such as aerosol cans.
Durch die Zulegierung von Titan, d. h. die Verwendung von Titan zur Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierung, kommt es vorteilhafterweise zu einer Kornfeinung und Feinkornhärtung, welche die Festigkeit und Duktilität der Aluminiumlegierung steigern.By adding titanium, i. H. the use of titanium for the production of the aluminum alloy, grain refinement and fine-grain hardening advantageously occur, which increase the strength and ductility of the aluminum alloy.
Im Ergebnis lässt sich mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung somit eine Dose, bevorzugt Aerosoldose, mit einer im Verhältnis zu gattungsgemäßen Dosen höheren Festigkeit herstellen. Die höhere Festigkeit erlaubt wiederum mit besonderem Vorteil einen geringeren Materialeinsatz, wodurch Dosen mit geringerer Wanddicke oder -stärke hergestellt werden können. Dies ist sowohl unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten als auch unter Handhabungsgesichtspunkten (geringeres Eigengewicht der Dose) von Vorteil.As a result, the aluminum alloy according to the invention can be used to produce a can, preferably an aerosol can, with greater strength than cans of the generic type. The higher strength in turn allows, with particular advantage, less material to be used, as a result of which cans with a reduced wall thickness or thickness can be produced. This is advantageous both from an economic point of view and from a handling point of view (lower weight of the can itself).
Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, dass sich mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung Dosen herstellen lassen, deren Festigkeit einerseits hoch genug ist, um eine gewünschte Verringerung der Dosenwanddicke sowie eine damit verbundene Materialersparnis zu erzielen, andererseits aber nicht zu hoch ist, so dass eine gute Umformbarkeit der Dose gewährleistet ist. Dies ist insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Dosen mit komplexen Formen von Vorteil, da anderenfalls das Risiko des Aufreißens der Dosen besteht.A further advantage is that the aluminum alloy according to the invention can be used to produce cans whose strength is high enough on the one hand to achieve a desired reduction in the can wall thickness and the associated savings in material, but on the other hand is not too high, so that the can can be easily formed is guaranteed. This is particularly advantageous when manufacturing cans with complex shapes, since otherwise there is a risk of the cans tearing open.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Silizium 0,08 Gew.-% bis 0,14 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,09 Gew.-% bis 0,13 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Silizium in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,08 Gew.-% bis 0,14 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,09 Gew.-% bis 0,13 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Die im Zusammenhang der Zulegierung von Silizium beschriebenen Vorteile kommen bei den in diesem Absatz offenbarten Siliziumgewichtsanteilen besonders zur Geltung.In an embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of silicon is 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight. In other words, in an embodiment of the invention, the silicon has a proportion of 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. The advantages described in connection with the addition of silicon are particularly evident in the case of the silicon weight proportions disclosed in this paragraph.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Eisen 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,32 Gew.-% bis 0,36 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Eisen in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,32 Gew.-% bis 0,36 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Die im Zusammenhang der Zulegierung von Eisen beschriebenen Vorteile kommen bei den in diesem Absatz offenbarten Eisengewichtsanteilen besonders zur Geltung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of iron is 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, preferably 0.32% by weight to 0.36% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the iron has a proportion of 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, preferably 0.32% by weight to 0.36% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. The advantages described in connection with the addition of iron come into their own with the iron weight proportions disclosed in this paragraph.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Kupfer 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,08 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,03 Gew.-% bis 0,06 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Kupfer in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,08 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,03 Gew.-% bis 0,06 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Bei den in diesem Absatz offenbarten Gewichtsanteilen für Kupfer ist eine auf das Kupfer zurückgehende Cluster- und/oder Ausscheidungshärtung, insbesondere während des Einbrennens eines Innenlacks in eine Dose, welche eine erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung aufweist oder aus einer solchen Aluminiumlegierung besteht, besonders ausgeprägt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of copper is 0.02% by weight to 0.08% by weight, preferably 0.03% by weight to 0.06% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the copper has a proportion of 0.02% by weight to 0.08% by weight, preferably 0.03% by weight to 0.06% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. The weight percentages for copper disclosed in this paragraph is one on the copper receding cluster and/or precipitation hardening, in particular during the baking of an interior paint in a can which has an aluminum alloy according to the invention or consists of such an aluminum alloy, is particularly pronounced.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Mangan 0,30 Gew.-% bis < (gesprochen: kleiner) 0,50 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,45 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,34 Gew.-% bis 0,38 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Mangan in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,30 Gew.-% bis < (gesprochen: kleiner) 0,50 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,30 Gew.-% bis 0,45 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,34 Gew.-% bis 0,38 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Die im Zusammenhang der Zulegierung von Mangan beschriebenen Vorteile kommen bei den in diesem Absatz offenbarten Mangangewichtsanteilen besonders zur Geltung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of manganese is preferably 0.30% by weight to <(read: less) 0.50% by weight, in particular 0.30% by weight to 0.45% by weight 0.34% to 0.38% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the manganese has a proportion of 0.30% by weight to <(spoken: less) 0.50% by weight, in particular 0.30% by weight to 0.45% by weight. -%, preferably 0.34% by weight to 0.38% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. The advantages described in connection with the addition of manganese are particularly evident in the case of the manganese weight proportions disclosed in this paragraph.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Chrom 0,08 Gew.-% bis 0,14 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,09 Gew.-% bis 0,13 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Chrom in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,08 Gew.-% bis 0,14 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,09 Gew.-% bis 0,13 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Bei den in diesem Absatz beschriebenen Gewichtsanteilen für Chrom ist eine auf das Chrom zurückgehende Dispersionshärtung, insbesondere beim Einbrennen eines Innenlacks in eine Dose, welche eine erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung aufweist oder aus einer solchen Aluminiumlegierung besteht, besonders ausgeprägt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of chromium is 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the chromium has a proportion of 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. In the case of the proportions by weight of chromium described in this paragraph, dispersion hardening due to the chromium is particularly pronounced, in particular when baking an interior paint in a can which has an aluminum alloy according to the invention or consists of such an aluminum alloy.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil von Titan 0,015 Gew.-% bis 0,03 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,028 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist das Titan in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von 0,015 Gew.-% bis 0,03 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,028 Gew.-%, auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung. Die im Zusammenhang der Zulegierung von Titan beschriebenen Vorteile kommen bei den in diesem Absatz offenbarten Titangewichtsanteilen besonders zur Geltung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of titanium is 0.015% by weight to 0.03% by weight, preferably 0.02% by weight to 0.028% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the titanium has a proportion of 0.015% by weight to 0.03% by weight, preferably 0.02% by weight to 0.028% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy. The advantages described in connection with the addition of titanium are particularly evident in the case of the proportions by weight of titanium disclosed in this paragraph.
Der Pluralausdruck "Verunreinigungen" kann im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung eine einzige Verunreinigung (Einzahl) oder eine Mehrzahl von Verunreinigungen, das heißt mehrere Verunreinigungen, wie beispielsweise zwei, drei oder vier Verunreinigungen, bedeuten.As used herein, the plural term "impurities" can mean a single impurity (singular) or a plurality of impurities, ie, multiple impurities, such as two, three, or four impurities.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil einer einzelnen Verunreinigung höchstens 0,05 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weist eine einzelne Verunreinigung in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von höchstens 0,05 Gew.- % auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the proportion by weight of an individual impurity is at most 0.05% by weight. In other words, a single Impurity in a further embodiment of the invention has a proportion of at most 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Gewichtsanteil der Verunreinigungen insgesamt höchstens 0,15 Gew.-%. Anders ausgedrückt, weisen die Verunreinigungen in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einen Anteil von insgesamt höchstens 0,15 Gew.-% auf, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Aluminiumlegierung.In a further embodiment of the invention, the total proportion by weight of the impurities is at most 0.15% by weight. In other words, in a further embodiment of the invention, the impurities have a total proportion of at most 0.15% by weight, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
Mögliche Verunreinigungen sind dem Fachmann als solche geläufig, weswegen sich weitere Ausführungen hierzu erübrigen.Possible contaminants are familiar to the person skilled in the art as such, which is why further explanations on this are superfluous.
Weiterhin kann die Aluminiumlegierung zirkoniumfrei sein.Furthermore, the aluminum alloy can be zirconium-free.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Halbzeug, aufweisend oder bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung gemäß erstem Erfindungsaspekt, oder eine Dose, aufweisend oder bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung gemäß erstem Erfindungsaspekt.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a semi-finished product comprising or consisting of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention, or a can comprising or consisting of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention.
Bei dem Halbzeug kann es sich insbesondere um einen Butzen, ein Blech, eine Platte, ein Profil, insbesondere Strangpressprofil, ein Rohr, eine Stange oder einen Draht handeln. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem Halbzeug um einen Butzen.The semi-finished product can in particular be a slug, a metal sheet, a plate, a profile, in particular an extruded profile, a tube, a rod or a wire. The semi-finished product is preferably a slug.
Die Dose kann eine Schulter und/oder einen Dosenhals aufweisen. Die Schulter kann ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Rundschulter, Kugelschulter, Schrägschulter, Stufenschulter und Spitzbogenschulter.The can may have a shoulder and/or a can neck. The shoulder can be selected from the group consisting of round shoulder, spherical shoulder, sloping shoulder, stepped shoulder and pointed shoulder.
Weiterhin kann die Dose einen nach innen gewölbten Boden aufweisen.Furthermore, the box can have an inwardly curved base.
Die Dose kann weiterhin befüllt sein. Insbesondere kann die Dose mit einer Flüssigkeit oder einem halbflüssigen Medium befüllt sein. Bei den Flüssigkeiten bzw. halbflüssigen Medien kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Haarspray, ein Deodorant, einen Rasierschaum, eine Farbe, ein Anstrichmittel, einen Firniss, einen Lack, eine Möbelpolitur, ein Öl, eine Seife, ein Harz, ein Paraffin, ein Wachs, Naturkautschuk, einen Leim, ein Desinfektionsmittel, ein Imprägnierungsmittel, ein Putzmittel, eine organische Flüssigkeit, eine anorganische Flüssigkeit, ein flüssiges/halbflüssiges Lebensmittel wie Sprühsahne, ein kosmetisches Produkt wie Körperpflegeprodukt oder ein pharmazeutisches Produkt handeln.The can can still be filled. In particular, the can can be filled with a liquid or a semi-liquid medium. The liquids or semi-liquid media can be, for example, a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving cream, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a lacquer, a furniture polish, an oil, a soap, a resin, a paraffin, a wax , natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a cosmetic product such as a personal care product or a pharmaceutical product.
Weiterhin kann die Dose ein Treibmittel, insbesondere ein Treibgas, bevorzugt ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Propan, Butan, Dimethylether, Luft, Stickstoff und Gemische aus wenigstens zwei der vorgenannten Treibgase, enthalten.Furthermore, the can can contain a propellant, in particular a propellant, preferably selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, dimethyl ether, air, nitrogen and mixtures of at least two of the aforementioned propellants.
Alternativ kann die Dose leer sein.Alternatively, the can can be empty.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei der Dose um eine Aerosoldose, d.h. um eine Spray- oder Sprühdose.The can is preferably an aerosol can, i.e. a spray or aerosol can.
Bezüglich weiterer Merkmale und Vorteile des Halbzeugs sowie der Dose wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen vollständig auf die bisherige Beschreibung, das heißt auf die im Rahmen des ersten Erfindungsaspekts gemachten Ausführungen, Bezug genommen. Die dort insbesondere in Bezug auf die Aluminiumlegierung beschriebenen Merkmale und Vorteile gelten sinngemäß auch für ein Halbzeug sowie eine Dose gemäß zweitem Erfindungsaspekt.With regard to further features and advantages of the semi-finished product and the can, in order to avoid repetition, reference is made in full to the previous description, ie to the statements made within the scope of the first aspect of the invention. The features and advantages described there, in particular in relation to the aluminum alloy, also apply mutatis mutandis to a semi-finished product and a can according to the second aspect of the invention.
Gemäß einem dritten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Butzens, insbesondere gemäß zweitem Erfindungsaspekt, mit den Schritten:
- a) Bereitstellen von Aluminium und/oder Aluminiumschrott,
- b) Aufschmelzen des Aluminiums und/oder des Aluminiumschrotts,
- c) Versehen des aufgeschmolzenen Aluminiums und/oder des aufgeschmolzenen Aluminiumschrotts mit Legierungselementen, wobei es sich bei den Legierungselementen um Silizium, Eisen, Kupfer, Mangan, Chrom und Titan, bevorzugt in metallischer oder elementarer Form, handelt,
- d) Gießen, insbesondere kontinuierliches Gießen, des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiums und/oder des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiumschrotts zu einem Band,
- e) Warmwalzen des Bandes,
- f) Kaltwalzen des warmgewalzten Bandes,
- g) Erzeugen eines Rohbutzens aus dem kaltgewalzten Band,
- h) Wärmebehandeln des Rohbutzens,
- i) Abkühlen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens, insbesondere mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit oder Abkühlrate ≥ (gesprochen: größer gleich) 0,01 K/s und
- j) Weiterverarbeiten des abgekühlten Rohbutzens zu dem Butzen.
- a) Provision of aluminum and/or aluminum scrap,
- b) melting the aluminum and/or the aluminum scrap,
- c) providing the molten aluminum and/or the molten aluminum scrap with alloying elements, the alloying elements being silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium, preferably in metallic or elemental form,
- d) Casting, in particular continuous casting, of the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements to form a strip,
- e) hot rolling of the strip,
- f) cold rolling of the hot rolled strip,
- g) producing a raw slug from the cold-rolled strip,
- h) heat treatment of the raw slug,
- i) cooling of the heat-treated raw slug, in particular with a cooling speed or cooling rate ≥ (pronounced: greater than or equal to) 0.01 K/s and
- j) Further processing of the cooled raw slug to form the slug.
Der Rohbutzen kann im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung auch als Butzenrohling bezeichnet werden.In the context of the present invention, the raw slug can also be referred to as a slug blank.
Unter dem Ausdruck "Aluminiumschrott" sollen im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung insbesondere Aluminiumabfälle verstanden werden, welche beispielsweise bei der Herstellung von Halbzeugen, insbesondere Butzen, aus Reinaluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung, anfallen können.In the context of the present invention, the expression “aluminum scrap” is to be understood in particular as meaning aluminum waste, which can occur, for example, in the production of semi-finished products, in particular slugs, made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Unter dem Ausdruck "Warmwalzen" soll im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Walzen eines Bandes aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumschrott oberhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur von Aluminium, d.h. in einem Temperaturbereich von 250 °C bis 500 °C, verstanden werden.In the context of the present invention, the expression "hot rolling" is to be understood as meaning rolling of a strip of aluminum or aluminum scrap above the recrystallization temperature of aluminum, i.e. in a temperature range of 250°C to 500°C.
Unter dem Ausdruck "Kaltwalzen" soll im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Walzen eines warmgewalzten Bandes aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumschrott unterhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur von Aluminium, d.h. unterhalb einer Temperatur von 250 °C, verstanden werden.For the purposes of the present invention, the expression "cold rolling" is to be understood as meaning rolling of a hot-rolled strip of aluminum or aluminum scrap below the recrystallization temperature of aluminum, i.e. below a temperature of 250°C.
Das Aluminium kann im Schritt a) als Reinaluminium mit einem Aluminiumanteil von wenigstens 99,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 99,7 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Reinaluminiums, bereitgestellt werden. Beispielsweise kann das Aluminium im Schritt a) in Form eines unter der Bezeichnung EN AW-1050A kommerziell erhältlichen Reinaluminiums bereitgestellt werden.In step a), the aluminum can be provided as pure aluminum with an aluminum content of at least 99.5% by weight, preferably at least 99.7% by weight, based on the total weight of the pure aluminum. For example, the aluminum in step a) can be provided in the form of a pure aluminum commercially available under the designation EN AW-1050A.
Weiterhin kann das Aluminium im Schritt a) in Form von Masseln, das heißt in Form von Barren, insbesondere in Form von kleinen Barren, bereitgestellt werden.Furthermore, the aluminum in step a) can be provided in the form of ingots, ie in the form of ingots, in particular in the form of small ingots.
Beim Durchführen von Schritt c) können die Legierungselemente Silizium, Eisen, Kupfer, Mangan, Chrom und Titan gleichzeitig oder nacheinander, d.h. aufeinanderfolgend oder in zeitlichen Abständen voneinander, zu dem aufgeschmolzenen Aluminium und/oder dem aufgeschmolzenen Aluminiumschrott hinzugegeben werden.When carrying out step c), the alloying elements silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium can be added to the molten aluminum and/or the molten aluminum scrap simultaneously or sequentially, ie sequentially or at intervals.
Weiterhin kann zwischen dem Schritt c) und dem Schritt d) ein Schritt cd) Reinigen des aufgeschmolzenen Aluminiums und/oder aufgeschmolzenen Aluminiumschrotts, beispielsweise mittels Einblasen von Argon, durchgeführt werden.Furthermore, a step cd) cleaning the molten aluminum and/or molten aluminum scrap, for example by blowing in argon, can be carried out between step c) and step d).
Der Schritt d) kann auch als Bandgießen, insbesondere kontinuierliches Bandgießen, des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiums und/oder des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiumschrotts bezeichnet werden.Step d) can also be referred to as strip casting, in particular continuous strip casting, of the melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements.
Das aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminium und/oder der aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminiumschrott wird zum Durchführen von Schritt d) zweckmäßigerweise in eine Gießanlage, insbesondere in einen Gießofen, eingegossen oder überführt. Während des Eingießens bzw. Überführens in die Gießanlage können/kann das aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminium und/oder der aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminiumschrott eine Temperatur von 680°C bis 750°C aufweisen.The melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements is expediently poured or transferred into a casting plant, in particular into a casting furnace, for carrying out step d). The molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements can have a temperature of 680° C. to 750° C. during pouring or transfer to the casting plant.
Bevorzugt wird der Schritt d) mit einer Gießgeschwindigkeit von 4 m/min bis 8 m/min durchgeführt.Step d) is preferably carried out at a casting speed of 4 m/min to 8 m/min.
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, wenn zum Durchführen von Schritt d) eine sogenannte Rotary-Gießanlage verwendet wird. Bei Verwendung einer solchen Anlage werden/wird das aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminium und/oder der aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminiumschrott kontinuierlich auf ein Gießrad abgegossen und zwischen diesem und einem Stahlband zur Erstarrung gebracht. Die Eingusstemperatur des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiums und/oder des aufgeschmolzenen, mit den Legierungselementen versehenen Aluminiumschrotts bewegt sich dabei bevorzugt zwischen 680 °C und 730 °C. Eine für die Erstarrung des Aluminiums und/oder Aluminiumschrotts erforderliche Kühlung erfolgt vorzugsweise über Düsen, welche das Gießrad sowie das Stahlband mit Wasser beaufschlagen.Furthermore, it is preferred if a so-called rotary casting plant is used to carry out step d). When using such a system, the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements are/is continuously cast onto a casting wheel and solidified between this and a steel strip. The pouring temperature of the melted aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the melted aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements preferably ranges between 680°C and 730°C. Cooling required for the solidification of the aluminum and/or aluminum scrap preferably takes place via nozzles which apply water to the casting wheel and the steel strip.
Nach Eingießen bzw. Überführen in die Gießanlage kann das aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminium und/oder der aufgeschmolzene, mit den Legierungselementen versehene Aluminiumschrott nochmals mit wenigstens einem der Legierungselemente Silizium, Eisen, Kupfer, Mangan, Chrom und Titan versehen werden. Dadurch kann die Zusammensetzung der Legierung und mithin die Eigenschaften des herzustellenden Butzens mit besonderem Vorteil nachjustiert werden. Im Anschluss daran kann eine nochmalige Reinigung der Schmelze, beispielsweise mittels Einblasen von Argon, durchgeführt werden.After pouring or transfer to the casting plant, the molten aluminum provided with the alloying elements and/or the molten aluminum scrap provided with the alloying elements can again be provided with at least one of the alloying elements silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium. As a result, the composition of the alloy and consequently the properties of the slug to be produced can be readjusted with particular advantage. After that can the melt can be cleaned again, for example by blowing in argon.
Bevorzugt wird der Schritt e) bei einer Temperatur von 460 °C bis 500 °C, insbesondere 470 °C bis 490 °C, durchgeführt.Step e) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 460.degree. C. to 500.degree. C., in particular 470.degree. C. to 490.degree.
Weiterhin kann zwischen dem Schritt e) und dem Schritt f) ein Schritt ef) Abkühlen des warmgewalzten Bandes, insbesondere auf eine Temperatur von 20 °C bis 90 °C, bevorzugt 30 °C bis 70 °C, durchgeführt werden.Furthermore, between step e) and step f), a step ef) cooling the hot-rolled strip, in particular to a temperature of 20° C. to 90° C., preferably 30° C. to 70° C., can be carried out.
Bevorzugt wird der Schritt f) bei einer Temperatur von 20 °C bis 90 °C, insbesondere 30 °C bis 70 °C, durchgeführt.Step f) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 20.degree. C. to 90.degree. C., in particular 30.degree. C. to 70.degree.
Im Schritt g) wird der Rohbutzen bevorzugt mittels Ausschneiden oder Stanzen, besonders bevorzugt mittels Stanzen, aus dem Band erzeugt.In step g), the raw slug is preferably produced from the strip by means of cutting out or punching, particularly preferably by means of punching.
Der Schritt h) wird bevorzugt bei einer Temperatur von 480 °C bis 550 °C, insbesondere 500 °C bis 540 °C, durchgeführt. Durch diesen Schritt wird vorteilhafterweise eine homogene Mikrostruktur mit gleichmäßiger Verteilung der Legierungselemente erreicht.Step h) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 480°C to 550°C, in particular 500°C to 540°C. This step advantageously achieves a homogeneous microstructure with a uniform distribution of the alloying elements.
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, wenn der Schritt h) während eines Zeitraumes von 30 min bis 3 h durchgeführt wird. Durch diesen Schritt wird vorteilhafterweise (ebenfalls) eine homogene Mikrostruktur mit gleichmäßiger Verteilung der Legierungselemente erreicht.Furthermore, it is preferred if step h) is carried out over a period of 30 minutes to 3 hours. This step advantageously (likewise) achieves a homogeneous microstructure with a uniform distribution of the alloying elements.
Der Schritt i) wird vorzugsweise mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit oder Abkühlrate > (gesprochen: größer) 1 K/s, insbesondere > (gesprochen: größer) 10 K/s, bevorzugt > (gesprochen: größer) 50 K/s, durchgeführt.Step i) is preferably carried out with a cooling speed or cooling rate >(pronounced: greater) 1 K/s, in particular >(pronounced: greater) 10 K/s, preferably >(pronounced: greater) 50 K/s.
Insbesondere kann der Schritt i) mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit oder Abkühlrate von 0,01 K/s bis 200 K/s, insbesondere 0,01 K/s bis 150 K/s, bevorzugt 0,01 K/s bis 100 K/s, durchgeführt werden. Es hat sich weiterhin überraschend herausgestellt, dass die Wahl der Abkühlgeschwindigkeit oder Abkühlrate einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Festigkeit der Rohdose ausübt. Insbesondere ist bei Abkühlung des Rohbutzens mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit > 50 K/s eine signifikant höhere Dosenhärte oder -festigkeit erzielbar. Eine höhere Härte bzw. Festigkeit ermöglicht, wie bereits erwähnt, die Herstellung von Dosen, insbesondere Aerosoldosen, mit geringeren Wanddicken und mithin das Einsparen von Material.In particular, step i) can be carried out with a cooling rate of 0.01 K/s to 200 K/s, in particular 0.01 K/s to 150 K/s, preferably 0.01 K/s to 100 K/s, be performed. It has also surprisingly turned out that the choice of cooling speed or cooling rate has a significant influence on the strength of the raw can. In particular, when the raw slug is cooled at a cooling rate of >50 K/s, a significantly higher can hardness or strength can be achieved. As already mentioned, a higher degree of hardness or strength makes it possible to produce cans, in particular aerosol cans, with reduced wall thicknesses and thus to save material.
Grundsätzlich kann der Schritt i) an Luft oder mittels Wasser durchgeführt werden. Anders ausgedrückt, kann der Schritt i) durch Kühlen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens an Luft oder in Wasser vorgenommen werden. Nochmals anders ausgedrückt, kann der Schritt i) durch Luft- oder Wasserkühlung des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens vorgenommen werden.In principle, step i) can be carried out in air or using water. In other words, step i) can be carried out by cooling the heat-treated raw slug in air or in water. To put it another way, step i) can be carried out by air or water cooling of the heat-treated raw slug.
Beispielsweise kann der wärmebehandelte Rohbutzen durch bewegte Luft gekühlt werden. Die bewegte Luft kann beispielsweise mittels eines Ventilators erzeugt werden.For example, the heat-treated raw slug can be cooled by moving air. The moving air can be generated by means of a fan, for example.
Weiterhin kann die Luft zum Luftkühlen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens eine Temperatur von 15 °C bis 30 °C, insbesondere 18 °C bis 25 °C, bevorzugt 20 °C bis 25 °C, aufweisen.Furthermore, the air for air-cooling the heat-treated raw slug can have a temperature of 15°C to 30°C, in particular 18°C to 25°C, preferably 20°C to 25°C.
Die Luftkühlung des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens bewirkt in vorteilhafterweise einen geringeren Umformwiderstand, wodurch auch die Herstellung komplexerer Dosenformen ermöglicht wird.The air cooling of the heat-treated raw slug advantageously results in a lower forming resistance, which also makes it possible to produce more complex can shapes.
Alternativ kann der Schritt i), wie bereits erwähnt, durch Wasserkühlung des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens, d. h. durch Kühlen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens in Wasser, durchgeführt werden. Beispielsweise kann der Schritt i) durch Eintauchen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens in Wasser oder durch Überführen des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens in ein Wasserbad durchgeführt werden. Während bei Abkühlung an Luft eine Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von ca. 0,1 K/s erzielbar ist, kann durch Wasserkühlung des wärmebehandelten Rohbutzens eine Abkühlgeschwindigkeit > 50 K/s erreicht werden, was unter Härte- bzw. Festigkeitsgesichtspunkten im Hinblick auf die Herstellung von Dosen, bevorzugt Aerosoldosen, erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt sein kann.Alternatively, as already mentioned, step i) can be carried out by water cooling the heat-treated raw slug, i. H. by cooling the heat treated raw slug in water. For example, step i) can be carried out by immersing the heat-treated raw slug in water or by transferring the heat-treated raw slug into a water bath. While a cooling rate of approx. 0.1 K/s can be achieved when cooling in air, a cooling rate of > 50 K/s can be achieved by water-cooling the heat-treated raw slug. preferably aerosol cans, may be preferred according to the invention.
Weiterhin kann der Schritt j) einen Schritt j1) Oberflächenbehandeln, insbesondere Aufrauen, des Rohbutzens umfassen. Beispielsweise kann der Rohbutzen mittels eines Strahlmittels, mittels Scheuern oder mittels Trommeln oberflächenbehandelt, insbesondere aufgeraut, werden. Dadurch kann mit besonderem Vorteil eine definierte Oberfläche des Rohbutzens erzeugt werden, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Befettung des Rohbutzens mit einem Schmierstoff vor einem Umformungsschritt, insbesondere vor einem Fließpressschritt, möglich ist. Daneben kann ein Oberflächenbehandeln des Rohbutzens insbesondere auch ein Entgraten des Rohbutzens beinhalten.Furthermore, step j) can comprise a step j1) surface treatment, in particular roughening, of the raw slug. For example, the surface of the raw slug can be treated, in particular roughened, by means of a blasting agent, by means of scouring or by means of tumbling. As a result, a defined surface of the raw slug can be produced with particular advantage, as a result of which uniform greasing of the raw slug with a lubricant before a forming step, in particular before an extrusion step, is possible. In addition, a surface treatment of the raw slug can in particular also include a deburring of the raw slug.
Weiterhin kann der Schritt j) einen Schritt j2) Reinigen des Rohbutzens von dem Strahlmittel und/oder von beim Oberflächenbehandeln, insbesondere Aufrauen, anfallendem Abrieb umfassen.Furthermore, step j) can comprise a step j2) cleaning the raw slug from the blasting medium and/or from abrasion occurring during the surface treatment, in particular roughening.
Weiterhin kann nach dem Schritt j) ein Schritt k) Verpacken des Butzens durchgeführt werden.Furthermore, after step j), a step k) packaging of the slug can be carried out.
Bezüglich weiterer Merkmale und Vorteile des Verfahrens wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen ebenfalls vollständig auf die bisherige Beschreibung, das heißt auf die im Rahmen des ersten und zweiten Erfindungsaspekts gemachten Ausführungen, Bezug genommen. Die dort insbesondere in Bezug auf die Aluminiumlegierung, den Butzen sowie die Dose beschriebenen Merkmale und Vorteile gelten sinngemäß auch für das Verfahren gemäß drittem Erfindungsaspekt.With regard to further features and advantages of the method, in order to avoid repetition, reference is also made in full to the previous description, ie to the statements made within the scope of the first and second aspects of the invention. The features and advantages described there, in particular in relation to the aluminum alloy, the slug and the can, also apply analogously to the method according to the third aspect of the invention.
Gemäß einem vierten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dose, bevorzugt einer Aerosoldose, insbesondere gemäß zweitem Erfindungsaspekt, mit den Schritten:
- a) Bereitstellen eines Butzens gemäß zweitem Erfindungsaspekt oder Herstellen eines Butzens nach einem Verfahren gemäß drittem Erfindungsaspekt,
- b) Umformen des Butzens zu einer Rohdose,
- c) Ablängen der Rohdose und
- d) Weiterverarbeiten der abgelängten Rohdose zu der Dose.
- a) providing a slug according to the second aspect of the invention or producing a slug by a method according to the third aspect of the invention,
- b) forming the slug into a raw can,
- c) cutting the raw box to length and
- d) further processing of the raw can cut to length to form the can.
Die Rohdose kann im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung auch als Dosenrohling bezeichnet werden.For the purposes of the present invention, the raw can can also be referred to as a can blank.
Zwischen dem Schritt a) und dem Schritt b) kann ein Schritt ab) Versehen des Butzens mit einem Schmierstoff, insbesondere einem Metallstearat, durchgeführt werden. Dadurch können mit besonderem Vorteil beim Durchführen von Schritt b) auftretende Reibungen minimiert werden.A step ab) providing the slug with a lubricant, in particular a metal stearate, can be carried out between step a) and step b). As a result, friction occurring when carrying out step b) can be minimized with particular advantage.
Vorzugsweise wird der Schritt b) mittels Fließpressen, insbesondere mittels Rückwärts-Fließpressen, bevorzugt mittels Napf-Rückwärts-Fließpressen, durchgeführt. Alternativ kann der Schritt b) mittels eines kombinierten Vorwärts-Rückwärts-Fließpressverfahrens, mittels eines kombinierten Tiefzieh- und Abstreckverfahrens oder mittels Fließpressen und Abstrecken hergestellt werden.Step b) is preferably carried out by means of extrusion, in particular by means of reverse extrusion, preferably by means of reverse cup extrusion. Alternatively, step b) can be produced by means of a combined forward/backward extrusion process, by means of a combined deep-drawing and ironing process, or by means of extrusion and ironing.
Die Rohdose kann direkt nach dem Schritt b) einen Dosenboden oder eine Bodenfläche und daran räumlich anschließend eine Dosenwand oder eine Mantelfläche aufweisen. Vorteilhafterweise kann die Rohdose die Form eines einseitig offenen Zylinders, insbesondere eines einseitig offenen Kreiszylinders, aufweisen. Die Rohdose kann an ihrem, dem Dosenboden gegenüberliegenden Ende eine unregelmäßige Form aufweisen oder ausgefranst sein. Des Weiteren kann die Rohdose länger als vorgegeben sein.Directly after step b), the raw can can have a can base or a base surface and spatially adjoining this a can wall or a lateral surface. Advantageously, the raw can the shape of a cylinder open on one side, in particular a circular cylinder open on one side. The raw can can have an irregular shape or be frayed at its end opposite the can bottom. Furthermore, the raw box can be longer than specified.
Mit dem Schritt c) kann ein unregelmäßiger Endbereich der Rohdose entfernt werden und damit kann die Rohdose ein regelmäßiges Ende und insbesondere eine vorgegebene Länge aufweisen.With step c), an irregular end area of the raw can can be removed and the raw can can thus have a regular end and in particular a predetermined length.
Bevorzugt wird zwischen dem Schritt c) und dem Schritt d) ein Schritt cd) Versehen der Rohdose mit einem Innen- und/oder Außenlack und Einbrennen des Innenlacks und/oder Trocknen des Außenlacks durchgeführt. Als Innenlack kann beispielsweise ein Epoxy-Phenol-Harz-Lack, ein Polyamid-Imid-Lack oder ein Lacksystem auf Basis von Polyester und/oder Wasser und/oder Pulver verwendet werden. Derartige Innenlacke können mittels Sprühdüsen auf die Innenoberfläche der Rohdose aufgetragen und in einem Einbrennofen in die Rohdose eingebrannt werden. Der Außenlack kann insbesondere in mehreren Schichten auf die Außenfläche der Rohdose aufgetragen werden. Beispielsweise kann die Rohdose im Schritt cd) mit dem Außenlack versehen werden, indem eine Grundierungsschicht, eine Dekorschicht wie Farbschicht und eine Decklackschicht auf die Außenfläche der Rohdose aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgedruckt oder aufgewalzt, wird. Zweckmäßigerweise werden die vorgenannten Schichten derart auf die Außenfläche der Rohdose aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgedruckt oder aufgewalzt, dass sich die Grundierungsschicht unmittelbar auf der Außenfläche der Rohdose, die Dekorschicht auf der Grundierungsschicht und die Decklackschicht auf der Dekorschicht befindet.A step cd) of providing the raw can with an inner and/or outer paint and baking the inner paint and/or drying the outer paint is preferably carried out between step c) and step d). For example, an epoxy-phenolic resin paint, a polyamide-imide paint or a paint system based on polyester and/or water and/or powder can be used as the interior paint. Such interior coatings can be applied to the inner surface of the raw can by means of spray nozzles and baked into the raw can in a baking oven. The outer paint can be applied to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular in several layers. For example, the raw can can be provided with the outer paint in step cd) by applying a primer layer, a decorative layer such as a color layer and a top coat layer to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular by printing or rolling it on. The aforementioned layers are expediently applied to the outer surface of the raw can, in particular printed or rolled on, in such a way that the primer layer is directly on the outer surface of the raw can, the decorative layer is on the primer layer and the top coat layer is on the decorative layer.
Weiterhin kann die Rohdose vor Durchführen von Schritt d), insbesondere zwischen dem Schritt c) und dem Schritt cd), gebürstet werden. Dadurch kann in besonders vorteilhafter Weise eine Homogenisierung der Außenfläche der Rohdose erzielt werden.Furthermore, the raw can can be brushed before carrying out step d), in particular between step c) and step cd). As a result, a homogenization of the outer surface of the raw can can be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner.
Weiterhin kann die Rohdose vor dem Durchführen von Schritt cd) gereinigt werden, insbesondere von einem Schmierstoff und/oder Abrieb, und anschließend getrocknet werden. Die Reinigung der Rohdose kann beispielsweise mittels einer alkalischen Waschlösung erfolgen. Die Trocknung der Rohdose kann bei einer Temperatur von 120 °C bis 130 °C, insbesondere 125 °C , erfolgen.Furthermore, before carrying out step cd), the raw can can be cleaned, in particular of a lubricant and/or abrasion, and then dried. The raw can can be cleaned, for example, using an alkaline washing solution. The raw can can be dried at a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., in particular 125.degree.
Bevorzugt umfasst der Schritt d) einen Schritt d1) Versehen der Rohdose mit einer Dosenschulter und/oder einem Dosenhals. Vorzugsweise wird die Rohdose beim Durchführen von Schritt d1) im Bereich ihres offenen Endes in ihrem Durchmesser gegenüber dem Rest der Rohdose, der dabei nicht umgeformt wird, verengt oder verjüngt, so dass der Dosenhals erzeugt wird oder entsteht. Der Schritt d1) kann in mehreren Unterschritten durchgeführt werden, so dass die Rohdose im Bereich ihres offenen Endes in ihrem Durchmesser nach und nach verengt oder verjüngt wird. Alternativ kann vor dem Einziehen einer Dosenschulter der Durchmesser der Rohdose verjüngt und anschließend aufgeweitet werden.Step d) preferably comprises a step d1) providing the raw can with a can shoulder and/or a can neck. Preferably, when step d1) is carried out, the diameter of the raw can is narrowed or tapered in the region of its open end compared to the remainder of the raw can, which is not deformed in the process, so that the can neck is produced or is created. Step d1) can be carried out in several sub-steps, so that the raw can gradually narrows or narrows in diameter in the region of its open end is rejuvenated. Alternatively, the diameter of the raw can can be reduced and then widened before drawing in a can shoulder.
Weiterhin kann der Schritt d) einen Schritt d2) Formen oder Bördeln eines Sprühventil-Sitzes zur Befestigung eines Sprühventils am Dosenhals der Rohdose umfassen. Somit kann die Dose später als Aerosoldose verwendet werden.Furthermore, step d) can comprise a step d2) shaping or flanging a spray valve seat for fastening a spray valve on the can neck of the raw can. This means that the can can later be used as an aerosol can.
Weiterhin kann das Verfahren einen Schritt e) Befüllen der Dose mit einer Flüssigkeit oder einem halbflüssigen Medium, insbesondere einem Haarspray, einem Deodorant, einem Rasierschaum, einer Farbe, einem Anstrichmittel, einem Firniss, einem Lack, einer Möbelpolitur, einem Öl, einer flüssigen Seife, einem Harz, einem Paraffin, einem Wachs, Naturkautschuk, einem Leim, einem Desinfektionsmittel, einem Imprägnierungsmittel, einem Putzmittel, einer organischen Flüssigkeit, einer anorganischen Flüssigkeit, einem flüssigen/halbflüssigen Lebensmittel wie Sprühsahne, einem flüssigen/halbflüssigen kosmetischen Produkt wie einem flüssigen/halbflüssigen Körperpflegeprodukt oder einem flüssigen/halbflüssigen pharmazeutischen Produkt, umfassen.Furthermore, the method can have a step e) filling the can with a liquid or a semi-liquid medium, in particular a hairspray, a deodorant, a shaving foam, a paint, a paint, a varnish, a varnish, a furniture polish, an oil, a liquid soap , a resin, a paraffin, a wax, natural rubber, a glue, a disinfectant, an impregnating agent, a cleaning agent, an organic liquid, an inorganic liquid, a liquid/semi-liquid food such as aerosol cream, a liquid/semi-liquid cosmetic product such as a liquid/ semi-liquid personal care product or a liquid/semi-liquid pharmaceutical product.
Weiterhin kann das Verfahren einen Schritt f) Befestigen einer Handpumpe, eines Sprühkopfes oder eines Ventils am Dosenhals der Dose umfassen.Furthermore, the method can comprise a step f) attaching a hand pump, a spray head or a valve to the can neck of the can.
Weiterhin kann das Verfahren einen Schritt g) Verpacken der Dose umfassen.Furthermore, the method can comprise a step g) packaging of the can.
Bezüglich weiterer Merkmale und Vorteile des Verfahrens wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen ebenfalls vollständig auf die im Rahmen der bisherigen Beschreibung, das heißt auf die im Rahmen des ersten bis dritten Erfindungsaspekts gemachten Ausführungen, Bezug genommen. Die dort insbesondere in Bezug auf die Aluminiumlegierung, den Butzen sowie die Dose beschriebenen Merkmale und Vorteile gelten sinngemäß auch für das Verfahren gemäß viertem Erfindungsaspekt.With regard to further features and advantages of the method, in order to avoid repetition, reference is also made in full to the statements made in the context of the previous description, ie to the statements made in the context of the first to third aspects of the invention. The features and advantages described there, in particular in relation to the aluminum alloy, the slug and the can, also apply analogously to the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
Gemäß einem fünften Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung gemäß erstem Erfindungsaspekt zur Herstellung eines Halbzeugs, bevorzugt eines Butzens, oder einer Dose, bevorzugt Aerosoldose.According to a fifth aspect, the invention relates to the use of an aluminum alloy according to the first aspect of the invention for producing a semi-finished product, preferably a slug, or a can, preferably an aerosol can.
Bezüglich weiterer Merkmale und Vorteile der Verwendung der Aluminiumlegierung wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen ebenfalls vollständig auf die bisherige Beschreibung, das heißt auf die im Rahmen des ersten bis vierten Erfindungsaspekts gemachten Ausführungen, Bezug genommen. Die dort insbesondere in Bezug auf die Aluminiumlegierung, das Halbzeug, insbesondere den Butzen, sowie die Dose, insbesondere Aerosoldose, beschriebenen Merkmale und Vorteile gelten sinngemäß auch für die Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung gemäß fünftem Erfindungsaspekt.With regard to further features and advantages of using the aluminum alloy, in order to avoid repetition, reference is also made in full to the previous description, ie to the statements made within the scope of the first to fourth aspects of the invention. There, in particular with regard to the aluminum alloy, the semi-finished product, The features and advantages described in particular for the slug and the can, in particular aerosol can, also apply mutatis mutandis to the use of an aluminum alloy according to the fifth aspect of the invention.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungs- und Vergleichsbeispielen. Dabei können einzelne Merkmale der Erfindung jeweils für sich alleine oder in Kombination miteinander verwirklicht sein. Die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele dienen lediglich der weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung, ohne diese hierauf zu beschränken.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the exemplary embodiments and comparative examples described below. Individual features of the invention can each be implemented individually or in combination with one another. The exemplary embodiments described only serve to explain the invention further, without restricting it thereto.
Es wurde eine erfindungsgemäße Aerosoldose unter Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung (Legierung G), wie in unten stehender Tabelle 1 aufgeführt, hergestellt.An aerosol can according to the invention was produced using an aluminum alloy (alloy G) according to the invention, as listed in Table 1 below.
Als Vergleichsdosen wurden Aerosoldosen herangezogen, welche mittels den Legierungen D, E sowie EN AW-3207, wie ebenfalls in unten stehender Tabelle 1 aufgeführt, hergestellt wurden.Aerosol cans manufactured using alloys D, E and EN AW-3207, as also listed in Table 1 below, were used as comparison cans.
Während die Vergleichslegierung D einen doppelt so hohen Kupferanteil wie die erfindungsgemäße Legierung G aufwies, war in der Vergleichslegierung E Kupfer lediglich in Spuren (als Verunreinigung) enthalten. Allerdings enthielt die Vergleichslegierung E eine vergleichbare Menge an Chrom wie die erfindungsgemäße Legierung G. Die Vergleichslegierung D zeichnete sich dagegen durch das Fehlen von Chrom als Legierungselement (nur in Spuren enthalten) aus. Als dritte Vergleichslegierung wurde die Legierung EN AW-3207 eingesetzt.
Aus der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung G sowie aus den Vergleichslegierungen wurden jeweils Butzen hergestellt. Für die Bestimmung des Einflusses von Wärmebehandlung und Abkühlung auf das Festigkeitsverhalten der aus den Butzen hergestellten Dosen kamen folgende, in unten stehender Tabelle 2 wiedergegebene Varianten der Abkühlgeschwindigkeit sowohl bei der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung G als auch bei den Vergleichslegierungen zur Anwendung:
Aus derart hergestellten Butzen mit einem Durchmesser von 44,5 mm und einer Höhe von 5,8 mm wurden mittels des Rückwärts-Fließpress-Verfahrens in einer Kniehebelpresse Rohdosen mit einer mittleren Länge von ca. 19 cm, einer Wanddicke von 0,24 mm im unteren Bereich und 0,36 mm im oberen Bereich produziert. Die Rohdosen wurden auf eine einheitliche Länge von 17,4 cm abgelängt und die äußere Mantelfläche gebürstet. Danach erfolgte eine Reinigung der Rohdosen von Schleifstaub und Schmierstoff durch einen Waschschritt und einen anschließenden Trocknungsschritt bei 125 °C. In einem nächsten Schritt wurde ein auf Epoxydharz basierender Innenlack durch Sprühen aufgetragen und der Innenlack anschließend in einem Ofen bei maximal 240 °C für 7 Minuten eingebrannt. Finalisiert wurden die Dosen durch das Auftragen einer dreistufigen Außenbeschichtung (Grundlack, Bedruckung sowie Überzugslack) sowie einem Konifizierungsschritt.From slugs produced in this way with a diameter of 44.5 mm and a height of 5.8 mm, raw cans were made in a toggle press by means of the reverse extrusion process with a mean length of approx. 19 cm, a wall thickness of 0.24 mm in the lower area and 0.36 mm in the upper area. The raw cans were cut to a uniform length of 17.4 cm and the outer surface was brushed. The raw cans were then cleaned of grinding dust and lubricant by means of a washing step and a subsequent drying step at 125 °C. In a next step, an interior paint based on epoxy resin was applied by spraying and the interior paint was then baked in an oven at a maximum of 240 °C for 7 minutes. The cans were finalized by applying a three-stage outer coating (base coat, printing and top coat) and a butting step.
Für die Bestimmung der Festigkeit wurden aus den Rohdosen und den Dosen jeweils nach Innenlackierung und Trocknung (DIT) Proben entnommen. Die Probenvorbereitung erfolgte nach DIN 50125-H 12,5 x 68. Die Versuche zur Bestimmung der Zugfestigkeit wurden mit einer Zwick Roell Z010 Prüfmaschine entsprechend der Norm DIN EN ISO 6892-1 durchgeführt.To determine the strength, samples were taken from the raw cans and the cans after internal coating and drying (DIT). The samples were prepared in accordance with DIN 50125-H 12.5 x 68. The tests to determine the tensile strength were carried out using a Zwick Roell Z010 testing machine in accordance with the DIN EN ISO 6892-1 standard.
Die Ergebnisse der Festigkeitsvergleiche für die erfindungsgemäße Legierung G im Verhältnis zu den Vergleichslegierungen sind in nachfolgender Tabelle 3 dargestellt:
Es zeigte sich deutlich, dass bei einer mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung G (Variante G2) hergestellten Dose das kombinierte Ziel aus einer höheren Festigkeit und einem geringeren Festigkeitsabfall erreicht wird, wohingegen dieses Ziel bei den Aerosoldosen, welche aus den Vergleichslegierungen hergestellt wurden, nicht erreicht wurde. So wiesen Aerosoldosen aus den Vergleichslegierungen E2 und EN AW-3207 zwar einen ähnlich geringen Festigkeitsabfall wie Aerosoldosen aus der Legierung G2 auf (ca. -6%). Allerdings wiesen diese Aerosoldosen auch eine geringere Festigkeit an der Rohdose auf im Vergleich zu den Aerosoldosen, welche aus der Legierung G2 hergestellt wurden (203,2 N/mm2 (E2) bzw. 200,8 N/mm2 (EN AW-3207) im Vergleich zu 212,4 N/mm2 bei G2). Aerosoldosen, welche aus der Vergleichslegierung D2 hergestellt wurden, waren hingegen bezüglich der Festigkeit vergleichbar mit Aerosoldosen, welche aus der Legierung G2 hergestellt wurden (214,5 N/mm2 (D2) gegenüber 212,4 N/mm2 (G2)). Allerdings war der Festigkeitsabfall bei aus der Vergleichslegierung D2 hergestellten Aerosoldosen merkbar höher als bei aus der Legierung G2 hergestellten Aerosoldosen (D2: - 12,4% zu G2: -5,7%).It was clearly shown that the combined goal of higher strength and a lower drop in strength is achieved with a can made using the alloy G according to the invention (variant G2), whereas this goal was not achieved with the aerosol cans made from the comparison alloys . For example, aerosol cans made from the comparison alloys E2 and EN AW-3207 showed a similarly small drop in strength as aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (approx. -6%). However, these aerosol cans also showed a lower strength on the raw can compared to the aerosol cans made of alloy G2 (203.2 N/mm 2 (E2) or 200.8 N/mm 2 (EN AW-3207 ) compared to 212.4 N/mm 2 for G2). On the other hand, aerosol cans made from comparison alloy D2 were comparable in terms of strength to aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (214.5 N/mm 2 (D2) versus 212.4 N/mm 2 (G2)). However, the drop in strength in aerosol cans made from the comparison alloy D2 was noticeably higher than in aerosol cans made from alloy G2 (D2: -12.4% to G2: -5.7%).
Der positive Effekt einer raschen Abschreckung der jeweiligen Legierungsbutzen im Wasserbad (G4, D4 und E4) auf die Festigkeit der Rohdose im Vergleich zu einer langsamen Abkühlung an der Luft nach der Wärmebehandlung der Butze (G2, D2, E2, EN AW-3207) zeigte sich ebenfalls deutlich. Dabei war dieser Effekt nicht nur bei der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung G, sondern auch bei den Vergleichslegierungen D und E feststellbar.The positive effect of rapid quenching of the respective alloy slugs in a water bath (G4, D4 and E4) on the strength of the raw can compared to slow cooling in air after heat treatment of the slug (G2, D2, E2, EN AW-3207) was shown himself too clear. This effect was not only detectable with the alloy G according to the invention, but also with the comparison alloys D and E.
Claims (12)
- Aluminium alloy consisting of:- from 0.07% by weight to 0.17% by weight of silicon,- from 0.25% by weight to 0.45% by weight of iron,- from 0.02% by weight to 0.15% by weight of copper,- from 0.30% by weight to 0.50% by weight of manganese,- from 0.05% by weight to 0.20% by weight of chromium,- from 0.01% by weight to 0.04% by weight of titanium and- balance aluminium and additional constituents.
- Aluminium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion by weight of silicon is from 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably from 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion by weight of iron is from 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, preferably from 0.32% by weight to 0.36% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion by weight of copper is from 0.02% by weight to 0.08% by weight, preferably from 0.03% by weight to 0.06% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion by weight of manganese is from 0.30% by weight to < 0.50% by weight, in particular from 0.30% by weight to 0.45% by weight, preferably from 0.34% by weight to 0.38% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion by weight of chromium is from 0.08% by weight to 0.14% by weight, preferably from 0.09% by weight to 0.13% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion by weight of titanium is from 0.015% by weight to 0.03% by weight, preferably from 0.02% by weight to 0.028% by weight.
- Aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion by weight of a single additional constituent is not more than 0.05% by weight and/or the proportion by weight of the additional constituents in total is not more than 0.15% by weight.
- Semifinished part, preferably slug, or can, preferably aerosol can, having or consisting of an aluminium alloy according to any of the preceding claims.
- Method for producing a slug according to claim 9, comprising the steps:a) provision of aluminium and/or of aluminium scrap,b) melting of the aluminium and/or of the aluminium scrap,c) provision of the molten aluminium and/or of the molten aluminium scrap with alloying elements, silicon, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and titanium being used as alloying elements,d) casting, in particular continuous casting, of the molten aluminium provided with the alloying elements and/or of the molten aluminium scrap provided with the alloying elements to form a strip,e) hot rolling of the strip,f) cold rolling of the hot-rolled strip,g) production of a raw slug from the cold-rolled strip,h) heat treatment of the raw slug,i) cooling of the heat-treated raw slug at a cooling rate of ≥ 0.01 K/s andj) further processing of the cooled raw slug to form the slug.
- Method for producing a slug according to claim 9, comprising the steps:a) provision of a slug according to claim 9 or production of a slug according to claim 10,b) shaping of the slug to form an unfinished can,c) cutting of the unfinished can to length andd) further processing of the cut-to-length unfinished can to form the can.
- Use of an aluminium alloy according to any of claims 1 to 8 for producing a semifinished part, preferably slug, or a can, preferably aerosol can.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201930470T SI3847290T1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2019-09-03 | Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018215243.8A DE102018215243A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Aluminum alloy, semi-finished product, can, process for producing a slug, process for producing a can and use of an aluminum alloy |
PCT/EP2019/073474 WO2020048988A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2019-09-03 | Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3847290A1 EP3847290A1 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
EP3847290B1 true EP3847290B1 (en) | 2023-01-18 |
Family
ID=67875440
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19765435.3A Active EP3847290B1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2019-09-03 | Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210348254A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3847290B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2021536533A (en) |
CN (1) | CN112469841B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018215243A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2940698T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE061473T2 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3847290T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020048988A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3940099A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
EP3940100A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
EP3940098A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
DE102020119466A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Nussbaum Matzingen Ag | Aluminum alloy and method of making an aluminum alloy |
EP4130306A1 (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-08 | Aluminium-Werke Wutöschingen AG & Co.KG | Method for producing an alloy strip made of recycled aluminium, method for producing a slug made of recycled aluminium, and recycled aluminium alloy |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013040339A1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2013-03-21 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Impact extruded containers from recycled aluminum scrap |
EP3075875A1 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-05 | Talum d.d. Kidricevo | Aluminium alloy for aerosol cans manufactured by the impact extrusion and the process for preparation thereof |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3490955A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1970-01-20 | Olin Mathieson | Aluminum base alloys and process for obtaining same |
US3827952A (en) * | 1972-09-20 | 1974-08-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Aluminum alloy architectural sheet product and method for producing |
FR2457328A1 (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-19 | Cebal | Aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy - esp. for use in mfg. aerosol containers by impact extrusion |
JP3218099B2 (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 2001-10-15 | スカイアルミニウム株式会社 | Method for producing aluminum alloy sheet with low ear ratio and excellent formability |
FR2773819B1 (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-03-10 | Cebal | ALUMINUM ALLOY FOR AEROSOL CASE |
US20020007881A1 (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2002-01-24 | Ole Daaland | High corrosion resistant aluminium alloy |
US6602363B2 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2003-08-05 | Alcoa Inc. | Aluminum alloy with intergranular corrosion resistance and methods of making and use |
FR2873717B1 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-10-06 | Boxal France Soc Par Actions S | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AEROSOL BOXES |
JP2008169417A (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-24 | Furukawa Sky Kk | Aluminum alloy sheet for aerosol container, and its manufacturing method |
JP5391234B2 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-01-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy plate for PP cap |
JP5822562B2 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2015-11-24 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for photosensitive drum substrate and method for producing aluminum alloy extruded tube for photosensitive drum substrate |
CN102952971A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-06 | 重庆奥博铝材制造有限公司 | Antirust aluminum alloy |
PT2770071T (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2017-04-19 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Prod | Aluminium alloy for the production of semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, method for producing an aluminium alloy strip from this aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy strip and uses thereof |
RU2642231C2 (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2018-01-24 | Бол Корпорейшн | Aluminium bottle with neck thread produced by impact extrusion pressing, made of recycled aluminium and reinforced alloys |
EP3009524B1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2017-10-11 | Moravia Cans a.s. | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
RU2687791C2 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2019-05-16 | Новелис Инк. | Aluminum alloys for packaging products of complex shape and methods for production thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-09-07 DE DE102018215243.8A patent/DE102018215243A1/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-09-03 EP EP19765435.3A patent/EP3847290B1/en active Active
- 2019-09-03 SI SI201930470T patent/SI3847290T1/en unknown
- 2019-09-03 WO PCT/EP2019/073474 patent/WO2020048988A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-09-03 US US17/274,152 patent/US20210348254A1/en active Pending
- 2019-09-03 HU HUE19765435A patent/HUE061473T2/en unknown
- 2019-09-03 JP JP2021537489A patent/JP2021536533A/en active Pending
- 2019-09-03 CN CN201980046098.5A patent/CN112469841B/en active Active
- 2019-09-03 ES ES19765435T patent/ES2940698T3/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013040339A1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2013-03-21 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Impact extruded containers from recycled aluminum scrap |
EP3075875A1 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-05 | Talum d.d. Kidricevo | Aluminium alloy for aerosol cans manufactured by the impact extrusion and the process for preparation thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20210348254A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
JP2021536533A (en) | 2021-12-27 |
DE102018215243A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
SI3847290T1 (en) | 2023-04-28 |
BR112021003332A2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
ES2940698T3 (en) | 2023-05-10 |
CN112469841A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
CN112469841B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
HUE061473T2 (en) | 2023-07-28 |
WO2020048988A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
EP3847290A1 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3847290B1 (en) | Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy | |
EP3847291B1 (en) | Aluminium alloy, semi-finished product, can, method for producing a slug, method for producing a can, and use of an aluminium alloy | |
EP2655674B1 (en) | Method for forming and hardening coated steel sheets | |
DE69933751T2 (en) | Production method for hot-rolled sheet steel parts | |
DE112011103667T5 (en) | Automobile molding of aluminum alloy product and process for its production | |
EP2449145B1 (en) | AlMgSi-sheet for applications with high shaping requirements | |
WO2009047183A1 (en) | Method for the production of a steel component by thermoforming, and steel component produced by thermoforming | |
DE2726763A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SHEET METAL WITH THICKNESS REDUCTION | |
DE112009000981T5 (en) | Method for producing an aluminum alloy component | |
DE3330814C2 (en) | Process for the manufacture of aluminum products | |
DE102010056264C5 (en) | Process for producing hardened components | |
DE2060605A1 (en) | Sintered, heat- and corrosion-resistant, precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium alloy with a content of a hard-to-melt carbide produced by powder metallurgy | |
DE2751623C2 (en) | Process for the production of thermoformed finished products based on molybdenum | |
EP2987889B1 (en) | Surface finished steel sheet and method for the production thereof | |
DE19756815C2 (en) | Wrought copper alloy, process for producing a semi-finished product therefrom and its use | |
EP3538682A1 (en) | Sheet metal made of a magnesium base alloy and method for producing a sheet metal and a sheet metal component from said alloy | |
DE10248594B4 (en) | Making aluminum sheet alloyed with scandium and zirconium and having high fracture resistance in e.g. aerospace applications, employs roller casting process and specified hot-working | |
EP0057959B1 (en) | Wrought aluminium alloy | |
DE3008358C2 (en) | Use of old scrap mixed from cast aluminum alloys and wrought aluminum alloys for the production of semi-finished rolled products | |
EP3690076A1 (en) | Method for producing a metal sheet or strip made from aluminum alloy and a metal sheet, strip or moulded part produced thereby | |
EP0552479B1 (en) | Process for improving the flexibility of cuprous semi-finished products | |
EP1466992A1 (en) | A flat rolled semi-finished product from an aluminium alloy | |
EP1783234A2 (en) | Method for manufacturing products by plastic deformation at high temperatures | |
EP3178952B1 (en) | High plasticity moderate strength aluminium alloy for manufacturing semi-finished products or components of motor vehicles | |
AT507490A1 (en) | Aluminum alloy, useful to produce e.g. sheet and strip products in road vehicles, comprises composition comprising e.g. silicon, magnesium, manganese, copper, iron, chromium, titanium, hafnium, unavoidable impurities, aluminum and tantalum |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210323 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20220316 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20220817 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502019006842 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1544731 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20230215 Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: EP Ref document number: 20230400242 Country of ref document: GR Effective date: 20230307 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2940698 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20230510 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20230118 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HU Ref legal event code: AG4A Ref document number: E061473 Country of ref document: HU |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230518 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230418 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230518 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R026 Ref document number: 502019006842 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLAX | Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20230920 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20230828 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: BALL CORPORATION Effective date: 20231017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Payment date: 20230824 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: HU Payment date: 20230922 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: GR Payment date: 20230921 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20230928 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20230920 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20231124 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20230927 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20231001 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PLBB | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition received |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230903 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20230930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230903 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230118 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230903 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230903 |